Suffix Meaning Example
-ac pertaining to
属于，关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的
-al pertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine
-ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule
分子的
-ary pertaining to
belonging to ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的
-ase enzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sug
ar 淀粉酶
-cle smallness
小,少,贫乏,小气follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊
-e an instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear
(检查耳朵用的)耳镜
-eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx
喉的, 喉音的
-ia condition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕
-ic pertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin
有毒的；因中毒引起的
-ics study of; name of a scie
nce paediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学
-ine/in substance 物质insulin：
substance (hormone) produced by the islets of La
ngerhans in the pancreas
胰岛素
-ism process or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which b
ecomes addictive 酒精中毒
-ist one who specializes in
精通于……的人pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the s tudy of drugs 药理专家
-itis inflammation refers to a
part in
……部位的炎症rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎
-(i)um relation to a whole; relat
ed to
与……相关
endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫膜
-ive characterizes by antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing
止咳药
-let tiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴
-ment the result or product of
an action development: thing which develops or is being de veloped; action of becoming mature
-oid resembling; like
像mucoid: resembling mucus 粘液样的
-ole little; small centriole: the small dense structure in the middle
of the centrosome
细胞中心粒；中心体
-oma tumor; swelling refers to
a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin 皮肤纤维瘤
-or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds t
o various stimuli感受器，受体
-ory characterized by; pertai
ning to suspensory: which is hanging down 悬吊式，悬带
-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fr
uit 果糖
-osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden
nail 嵌甲
-ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing p
oison 有毒的，分泌毒素的
-somes
bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid 核糖体 -um structure; thing; substan ce
结构，物质 magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance
镁（金属元素）
-y condition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition
or metabolism 营养不良
The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes
Suffix M eaning
Example -algia pain; painful; condition
arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛 --ase enzyme
protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶 -blast embryo 胚，胚胎，人类胚胎 hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞 -carci noma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤
adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing fro m glandular tissue 腺癌
-cele protrusion; distention 突出；膨胀，延伸
esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esopha
gus 食管突出 -cente sis
surgical puncture 手术穿孔
paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术 -capni a
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏 -cide kill germicide: (substance) which can kill germs
杀菌剂
-clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell, whic
h can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞
-dynia pain glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛
-ectas ia/
-ectas is expansion; dilation(膨胀，扩) atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at
birth 肺不
-ecto my surgical excision or removal of gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach胃
切除术
-ede ma excessive accumulation of serou
s fluid 水肿
myxoedema: condition caused when the thyroid g
land does not produce enough thyroid hormone
粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿
-emia blood condition leukemia: any of several malignant diseases whe
re an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the
blood 白血病
-emes
is
vomiting 呕吐hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血
-gen something that produced or prou duces pathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of p roducing disease 病菌，病原体
-gene sis production 生产spermatogenesis: formation and development of
spermatozoa in the testes精子发生
-globi n protein蛋白质hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced
by erythrocytes 血红素
-gnosi s knowledge diagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or
presence of a disease through knowledge and e
xamination
-gram image; picture electrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electri
cal activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in t
he diagnosis of heart disease.
Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram
心电图
-grap h(y) process of recording
记录过程
electocardiography: the process of making or rec
ording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心
电图记录
-iasis condition; state
情况，状况
cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症
-iatry/
-iatric s healing, frequently refers to a bra
nch of medicine 康复，常指医学
的一个分支
podiatry: treatment of foot disorders
足部医疗
-lith stone cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbl
adder 胆结石
-logy the study of cytology: the science study of cells 细胞学
-logist one who studies and treats urologist: a physician who specializes in the pract
ice of urology 泌尿科医生
-lysis breakdown, destruction hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red bl
ood cells with release of hemoglobin溶血
-mala
cia
softening osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化
-mani a extreme compulsion or preoccup
ation强迫症
kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion
to steal 盗窃癖
-meg aly giant acromegaly: a condition in which there is an enlar
gement of the facial bones as well as those of the
lungs 肢端肥大症
-metr y/
-mete r measurement spirometry: measurement of the volume of air inh
aled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs
肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)
-odyni
a
pain cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛
-one hormone荷尔蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balance
among the blood, bones, and teeth甲状旁腺激素-opia a defect in the eye眼睛的毛病myopia: being short-sighted 近视
-opsy to view biopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic dia
gnosis活检
-osis morbid condition病态的sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症
-osmi
a
smell anosmia: loss of the sense of smell嗅觉丧失
-osto my process of making an opening int
o or a connection between
造瘘
gastrostomy: surgical construction of an opening
from the surface of the abdomen into the stomac
h胃造口术
-oxia level of oxygen氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in
body tissues组织缺氧
-pathy d isease; diseased condition ophthalmopathy: any eye disease眼病
-penia d eficiency leukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood.
Syn. leukocytopenia白细胞减少症
-pepsi
a
digestion eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好
--pexy a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定术
-phagi
a/pha
gy
eating; swallowing 吃，吞咽dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困难
-phil attraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell whi ch contains granules嗜碱性粒细胞
-phobi a fear xenophobia: irrational fear of strangers对外国人
的恐惧，憎恶
-plasi a formation; development hyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargement of
an organ or tissue增生，数量型肥大
-phoni
a
voice dysphonia: difficulty in speaking发声困难
-plas m formation; growth or substance o
f formation
cytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell细胞浆
-plast y surgical repair osteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone骨整形术，
骨成形术
--plegi
a
stroke; paralysis 中风thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke热射病
-pnea breathing eupnea: normal breathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸
--ptosi s a falling, the dropping or sagging
of an organ器官下移
hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver
肝下垂
-ptysi s spitting分散melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑
痰
-poies is production hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用，
生血作用
-rrhag e/
-rrhag ia bursting forth of blood 出血menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstr
uation 月经过多
-rrhap
hy
surgical sewing or suturing splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen脾修补术-rrhea overflow hydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢
-(o)rrh exis splitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，
疝气
amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac
羊膜破裂
-sarco ma malignant tumor developing from
connective tissue
liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat
脂肪肉瘤
-sche sis a holding back; suppression of di
scharge阻碍；抑制排放
uroschesis: suppression of urine闭尿，尿潴留
-scler
osis
a hardening dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病
-scop e instrument for viewing stethoscope: an instrument for performing medic
ate ausculation听诊器
-scop process of examining visually hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查
y
-spas m involuntary contraction angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles i
n a blood vessel血管痉挛
-stasi s suppression; stoppage; control; a
rrest抑制，中止
hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding
止血，止血法
-steno sis abnormal narrowing of a duct or
canal管、道德异常狭窄
laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the laryn
x 喉狭窄
-stom y surgical opening to the outside of
the body造口
colostomy: surgical operation to make an openin
g from the colon结肠造口术
-tentio
n
pressure hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压
-thera py treatment physiotherapy: treatment of disease by physical
means物理疗法
--tion process hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized
住院
-tocia labor; birth 生产embryotocia: abortion 流产
-tome tool for incision arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint关节刀-tomy process of cutting into gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术
-tropi
a
turning 转弯，变向esotropia: turning inward of the eye斜视
-troph y nourishment or development of a
n organ器官的营养、发育
dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition
or metabolism营养不良
-uria a condition of the urine（小便）dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难
-versi
on
turning eversion: a turning outward外翻，翻转
Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixes
Prefix M eaning Example
a-/an- without; not aphasia: the inability to understand written or spo
ken words or to speak meaningfully 失语症 ab- away from
abortion: expulsion from the uterus 流产 ad- to; toward; near
adnasal: near the nose 近鼻的 acro- a point or tip
acronyx: growing into the flesh 嵌甲 alb- white
albino: a person lacking normal pigmentation 白发病者 amb-/ ambi-
both
ambisexual 、bisexual: (person) who is sexually attracted to bot h males and famales 双性恋 amphi -/
amph
o-
both; both sides
amphicentric: beginning and ending in the same vessel 起止同源的血管 ana- up; back again
anabolism: process of building up complex chemi cal substances on the basis of simpler ones 合成代 Angio -
a blood vessel
angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel 血管瘤 ante- before
antenatal: during the period between conception and childbirth 出生前的，怀孕期的 anti- against
antidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression 抗抑郁剂 audi- hearing; sound
audiometry: science of testing hearing 听力测定 auto- self
autoantibody: antibody formed to attack the body’s own cells 自身抗体 bi- two; twice
bicellular: two cells 两室的 bio- living organisms 生命体
biochemistry: chemistry living tissues 生物化学 brady -
slow
bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, show n by a slow pulse rate 心动过缓
carcin
-
carcinoma or cancer癌；瘤carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance致癌物
cata- downwards; under; against;
along with cataract: condition where the lens of the eye grad ually becomes hard and opaque白障
centi- one hundredth百分之一centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one h
undredth of a meter)厘米
co(n)- with or together consanguineous: blood relationship血亲的，血缘
的，密切的
contra - against contraception: prevention of pregnancy by using
devices or drugs 避孕法，节育法
de- removal or loss decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed
脱去咖啡因的
deca- ten decagram: ten grams 十克
deci- tenth deciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenth
of a little)1/10公升
di- two diglossia: a double tongue使用两种语言
dia- through; between; apart; across diathermy: process of (treating) through heat
透热疗法
dis- reversal or separate disintegrate: to come to pieces分解，破裂
dys- bad; difficult; disordered dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint
关节变形
echo- sound echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart
心回波描记，超声心动描记术
ect-/ ecto- outside or outer ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface of car
tilage or bone外生软骨瘤
en- in; within enostosis: benign growth inside a bone生骨疣
endo- inside endocardium: membrane which lines the heart心
膜
epi- on; over epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮
ery- red erythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell
红细胞
eso- inward; within(向) esotropia: turning inward of the eye斜视
eu- good eugenics: study of how to improve the human rac
e by genetic selection优生学
ex-/ e
xo-
out of exhale: to breath out 呼出
extra- outside extracapsular: outside a capsule囊外的
hemi- half hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side of
the body 偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂
hydro - water hydrocele: collection of watery liquid found in a c
avity such as the scrotum阴囊积水
hyper - higher or too much hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood
高血糖症
hypo- less or too little hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in the blo
od 低血钾
in- in or into inbreeding: breeding between a closely related m
ale and female 近亲交配
in- not incoherent: not able to speak in a way which mak
es sense语无伦次
infra- below or beneath infrapatellar: below or beneath the patella髌inter- between interlobular: between lobules小叶间的
intra- inside intramedullary: inside the bone marrow or spinal
cord 髓
itro- into introvert: person who thinks only about himself an
d his own mental state性格向的人
mal- bad or abnormal malfunction: abnormal working of an argan机器
等运转失常；失灵；出现故障
meta- changes metaplasia: change of one tissue to another
化生，转化，组织变形
micro- v ery small microcyte: abnormally small red blood cell 小红细
胞
mid- middle midcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bones
腕骨间的
milli- one thousandth
milligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克 mis- error or wrong
miscarriage: spontaneous abortion 流产 multi- many multigravida: a woman who is pregnant and has
been pregnant at least twice before 经产孕妇
noct- at night nocturia: passing abnormally large quantity of uri
ne when asleep in bed at night 夜尿症
nona- nine or the nineth
nonagon: flat shape which has nine sides 九边形 octa- eight octan: every eight days 八日热；每隔八日发一次
的
odont -
teeth
odontology: study of teeth and associated structu res, and their disorders onco- tumours
oncology: scientific study of new gowths 肿瘤学 oro- mouth orolingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue 口
与舌的
pachy - thickening
pachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the b ody become abnormally thick 躯体肥厚
pali-/ palin- against; pathologic repetition 病态的重复 palindromic: (disease) which recurs
复发的，再发的
pan-/pant-/
panto
-
all pancytopenia: abnormal depression of all the cell
ular elements of the blodd 全血细胞减少症
para- similar to or near; changed or be yond
paralyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so tha
t they cannot function 使麻痹，使瘫痪 pen-/ penta
-
five
pentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urine 戊糖尿 per- through percutaneous: done or administered through the
skin 经皮的，由皮的
peri- around pericystitis: inflammation of tissue around the bla
dder 膀胱周炎
pero- deformed or defective 畸形有缺陷的 peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs
四肢不全
phar maco- drugs pharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and t
heir action, properties and characteristics 药理学，
药物学
pleo-/ pleio-
too many
pleokaryocyte: condition where a greater than nor mal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid 多核细胞 pluri- more pluriglandular: pertaining to or affecting several gl
ands 多线性的
pneu m-/
pneun
mo-
air or the lungs; breathing
pneumonia: inflammation of a lung 肺炎 poly- touching many organs polyphagia: condition where a patient eats too m
uch; morbid desire for every king of food 多食症，
杂食症
post- after or later
postprandial: after a meal 餐后的 pre- before of in front of premature: early or before the normal time 过早
的，早产
presb old age
presbyopia: an old person’s sight fails gradually
y- 老花眼
pro-/
supin-/
pron- before or in front of
lying on the back
bend forward
prognosis: prediction of the outcome of a disease
预测；预后
quadri -/
quint- four
five/fifth
quadruplet or quad: one of four babies born to a
mother at the same time四胞胎
radio- ray or radiation radiotherapy: treating a disease by exposing the
affected part to radioactive 放射疗法
semi- half semiptosis: the downward sagging of half or part
of an organ 轻度睑下垂
sub- under submucous: under the mucous membrane粘膜下
层的；粘膜下的
super - above; extremely superalbuminosis: abnormal increase of albumin
白蛋白过多
syn- with; joint syndesmosis: joint where the ones are tightly link
ed by ligaments 韧带联合
supra
-
above; over suprarenal: (situated) above a kidney 肾上腺tachy- fast tachycardia: rapid beating of the heart 心动过速
tetra- four tetracycline: antibiotic used to treat a wide range
of bacterial diseases 四环素
trans- across; through; beyond transmission: the transfer, as of a disease, from o
ne person to another 传染
tri- three tricephalus: a fetus with three heads 三头畸胎ultra- beyond; excess ultrasonics: the science dealing with ultrasonic so
und waves 超声波学
uni- one uniglandular: affecting only one gland 单腺的
xen(o )- strange; foreign xenograft: a graft of tissue transplant between ani
mals of different species 异种移植物
Chapter 1 Passage 1 Human Body In this passage you will learn: 1. Classification of organ systems 2. Structure and function of each organ system 3. Associated medical terms To understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc. 了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。 Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article. 解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。本文描绘并阐述了各系统的主要部分。 The skeletal system is made of bones, joints between bones, and cartilage. Its function is to provide support and protection for the soft tissues and the organs of the body and to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton. They have various shapes - long, short, cube - shaped, flat, and irregular. Many of the long bones have an interior space that is filled with bone marrow, where blood cells are made. 骨骼系统由骨、关节以及软骨组成。它对软组织及人体器官起到支持和保护作用，并牵动骨胳肌，引起各种运动。人体有206根骨头。骨形态不一，有长的、短、立方的、扁的及不规则的。许多长骨里有一个内层间隙，里面充填着骨髓，这即是血细胞的制造场所。 A joint is where bones are joined together. The connection can be so close that no movement is possible, as is the case in the skull. Other kinds of joints permit movement: either back and forth in one plane - as with the hinge joint of the elbow - or movement around a single axis - as with the pivot joint that permits the head to rotate. A wide range of movement is possible when the ball - shaped end of one bone fits into a socket at the end of another bone, as they do in the shoulder and hip joints. 关节把骨与骨连接起来。颅骨不能运动，是由于骨与骨之间的连接太紧密。但其它的关节可允许活动，如一个平面上的前后屈伸运动，如肘关节；或是绕轴心旋转运动，如枢轴点允许头部转动。如果一根骨的球形末端插入另一根骨的臼槽里，大辐度的运动（如肩关节、髋关节）即成为可能。 Cartilage is a more flexible material than bone. It serves as a protective, cushioning layer where bones come together. It also connects the ribs to the breastbone and provides a structural base for the nose and the external ear. An infant's skeleton is made of cartilage that is gradually replaced by bone as the infant grows into an adult. 软骨是一种比一般骨更具韧性的物质。它是骨连结的保护、缓冲层。它把肋骨与胸骨连结起来，也是鼻腔与内耳的结构基础。一个婴儿的骨骼就是由软骨组成，然后不断生长、
常用骨科医学专业英语词汇 骨科ORTHOPEDICS 1、概论INTRODUCTION *fracture n.骨折 pathological fracture 病理骨折 fatigue fracture 疲劳骨折 *open fracture 开放骨折 close fracture 闭合骨折 *comminuted fracture粉碎性骨折 compressed fracture 压缩骨折 shock n.休克 *deformity n.畸形 tenderness n.压痛 swelling n.肿胀 ecchymosis n.瘀斑 obstacle n.功能障碍 *bonefascial compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室综合征infection n.感染 spinal cord injury 脊髓损伤 surrounding nerve 周围神经 *fat embolism 脂肪栓塞 bedsore n.褥疮 arthroclisis n.关节僵硬 ischemic necrosis 缺血性坏死 ischemic contraction 缺血性挛缩 *traumatic arthritis 创伤性关节炎 hematoma n.血肿 *callus n.骨痂 heal n.愈合 *synovitis n.滑膜炎 *ligament n.韧带 *tendon n.肌腱 * pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎 *reduction n.复位 *bone traction 骨牵引 *osteoporosis n.骨质疏松 2、上肢骨折FRACTURE OF UPPER EXTREMITIES clavicle n.锁骨 *humerus n.肱骨 *rotation n.旋转 supracondyle n.髁上 blister n.水疱 pulsate n.搏动 thrombus n.血栓 *cancellous n.松质骨 *epiphysis n.骨骺 *injury n.损伤 *joint n.关节stability n.稳定 ulna n.尺骨 radius n.桡骨 metacarpal bone 掌骨 bone graft 植骨 hemostasis 止血 *periosteum n.骨膜 tension n.张力 adhesion n.粘连 *skin grafting 植皮 *arthrodesis n.关节融合 extrusion n.挤压 gangrene n.坏疽 pallor n.苍白、灰白 *amputation n.截肢 plaster n.石膏 paralysis n.瘫痪 bandage n.绷带 2、手外伤HAND TRAUMA avulsion n.撕脱 *dislocation n.脱位 stiff adj.僵硬 3、下肢骨折与关节损伤FRACTURE OF LOWER EXTREMITIES AND ARTICULAR INJURY femur n.股骨 adduction n.内收 separate v.分离 cartilage n.软骨 *synovialis n.滑膜 *spinal column 脊柱 5、脊柱及骨盆骨折FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND PELVIS column n.椎体 cervical column 颈椎 *lumber vertebra 腰椎 sacrum n.骶椎 sense n.感觉 movement n.运动 reflect v.反射 *pelvis n.骨盆 6、关节脱位ARTICULAR DISLOCATION congenital dislocation 先天性脱位 pathological dislocation 病理性脱位 *osteoarthritis n.骨关节炎 *total hip replacement 全髋置换术 7、运动系统慢性损伤CHRONIC STRAIN OF MOVEMENT SYSTEM strain n.劳损
13级本科?英语应用基础?考试题 一、Translate the following words into Chinese 1.营养 2.蛋白质 3.淀粉 4.维生素 5.开处方 6.硝酸盐 7.青霉素 8.口渴 9.糖尿病 10.新陈代谢 11.呕吐 12.病毒 13.腹胀 14.肥胖 15.儿科 16.垂体 17.压力 18.关节炎 19.溃疡
20.瘤 二、Reading comprehension Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches. Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it. At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk
Chaper 1 psychoanalysis n. 精神分析brain n. 脑 intestine n.肠inflammation n.炎症endoscope n.内镜pancreas n.胰腺psychology n.心理学electrocardiogram n.心电图enteritis n.肠炎tumor n.肿瘤 muscle n.肌肉organ n.器官 abdomen n.腹（部）organism n.有机体，生物体surgeon n.外科医生surgery n.外科（学）malignant a.恶性的immune n.免疫 tissue n.组织molecule n.分子，微小颗粒urine n.尿液stool n.大便，粪便vertebra n.椎骨formula n.处方 cortex n.皮质，皮层appendix n.阑尾 thorax n.胸larynx n. 喉 pharynx n.咽 Chapter 2 kidney n.肾脏receptor n.感受器，受体chromosome n.染色体embryo n.胚胎 gene n.基因catabolism n.分解代谢
anabolism n.合成代谢infection n.感染puncture n.穿刺fat n.脂肪 spine n.脊柱exocrine a.外分泌的cartilage n.软骨spleen n.脾脏gallbladder n.胆囊digestive system 消化系统urinary a.泌尿的respiratory a.呼吸的uterus n.子宫skull n.头颅，头骨pelvic cavity 盆腔trachea n.气管esophagus n.食管bronchial tube 支气管aorta n.主动脉diaphragm n.横膈膜pleura（复，pleurae）n.胸膜urinary bladder 膀胱rectum n.直肠cartilage n.软骨umbilicus n.脐ovary n.卵巢 inferior a.下面的superior a.上面的skeletal muscle 骨骼肌striated muscle 横纹肌 Chapter 3 capillary n.毛细血管artery n.动脉chamber n.腔，小室atrium n.心房ventricle n.室，脑室，心室valve n.瓣膜 mitral a.僧帽状的，二尖瓣的breastbone n.胸骨
医学专业英语翻译 医学专业英语翻译如下： portable electric dental engine 轻便电动钻牙机，轻便牙钻portable hearing aid 袖珍助听器 portable microtome 手提式切片机 portable monitor 手提式监护仪 portable obstetric table 轻便产床 portable operating table 轻便手术台 portable photoelectric colorimeter 便携式光电比色计 portable suction unit 便携式吸引器 portable testing set 便携式测试仪器 portable typewriter 手提式打字机 portable X-ray machine 手提式X 光机 portacid 移酸滴管，滴酸器 portal 门，入门 portal venography 门静脉造影术 port B/L 港口提单 portcaustic 腐蚀药把持器 porte 柄 porte-acid 移酸滴管，滴酸器
porte-aiguille 持针器 porte-caustique 腐蚀药把持器 porte-ligature 深部结扎器，缚线把持器porte-meche 填塞条器 porte-noeud 瘤蒂结扎器 porte-polisher 握柄磨光器 porterage 搬运费 portial impression trays 局部牙托portion 部分，段，份 portligature 深部结扎器，缚线把线器port of arrival 到达港 port of delivery 交货港 port of departure 出发港 port of destination 到达港目的港 port of discharge 卸货港 portogram 门静脉造影片 portoraphy 门静脉造影术portovenogram 门静脉造影片 posion 阴离子，阳向离子 position 位置，状态 positioner 定位器（牙），位置控制器
cardiovascular diseases; 脑垂体的功能the function of pituitary; 泌尿道urinary tract; 分子molecule; 动脉artery; 内分泌学endocrinology; 呼吸困难dyspnea; 唾液saliva; 组织学histology; 血液循环blood circulation; 血液学hematology; 生理学physiology; 解剖学anatomy; 女性生殖系统femal reproductive system; 神经细胞nerve cell; 免疫学immunology; 消化不良dyspepsia; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 胚胎学embryology; 心理学psychology; 细胞学cytology; 原生质protoplasm; 细胞膜cell membrane; 细胞核nucleus; 细胞质(浆)cytoplasm; 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid; 能半渗透的semipermeable; 分子生物学molecular biology; 碳水化合物carbohydrate; 有区别性的differentially; 使…完整intact; 根据according to; 遗传特性hereditary trait; 渗滤diffusion; 转换transaction; 蓝图blueprint; 染色体chromosome; 色素pigment; 排出废液excrete waste fluid; 散开disperse; 脉冲信号impulse; 核糖核酸ribonucleic acid; 损害正常功能impair the normal function; 污染环境pollute environment; 功能失调malfunction; 致病因子causative agents; 易受侵害的人群vulnerable groups; 局部化的感染localized infection; 花柳病venereal disease; 抗原与抗体antigen&antibody; 肌电图electromyogram; 多发性硬化multiple sclerosis; 心电图electrocardiograph; 疾病的后遗症sequelea of disease; 光纤技术fiber optic technology; 造血系统hematopoietic system; 致命的疾病fatal disease; 体液body fluid; 无副作用的治疗hazard-free treatment; 无侵犯的实验检查non-invasive laboratory test; 核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance; 葡萄糖耐糖实验the glucose-tolerance test; 乐观的预后optimistic prognosis; 超声波检测法ultrasonography; 病史medical history; 随访活动follow-up visit; 营养不良nutritional deficiency; 使细节显著highlight detail; 脑电图electroencephalogram; 缺血的组织blood-starved tissue; 肌纤维muscle fiber; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 消化道alimentary canal; 肌腹fleshy belly of muscle; 横纹肌striated muscle; 肌肉痉挛cramps of muscle; 肌肉收缩muscle contraction; 肌肉附着点attachment of the muscle; 肌肉放松relaxation of muscle; 动脉出血arterial hemorrhage; 止端insertion;起端origion;供血blood supply; 屈肌flexor; 蛋白分子protein molecule; 纤维结缔组织fibrous connective tissue; 伸肌extensor; 意志力willpower; 横切面transverse section; 起搏器pacemaker; 肌萎缩muscle atrophy; 重症肌无力myasthenia gravis; 弥散性局部缺血diffuse ischemia; 常染色体隐性autosomal recessive; 全身性感染systemic infection; 受累的肌肉muscle involved; 显著相关性significant correlation; 神经末梢nerve terminal; 自体免疫反应autoimmune reaction; 神经支配innervation; 肌营养不良muscular dystrophy; 慢性营养不良chronic mulnutrition; 先天性肌病congenital myopathy; 预期寿命life expectancy; 免疫紊乱immunologic derangemant; 发病高峰年龄the peak age of onset; 胸腺肿瘤thymoma; 呼吸肌受累the involvement of respiratory muscle; 感染性肌炎inflammatory myositic; 去神经支配denervation; 矿物质吸收mineral absorption; 机械应力mechanical stress; 骨基质有机部分the organic parts of bone matrix; 青春期早熟premature puberty; 蛋白溶解酶protein-digesting enzyme; 破骨细胞osteoclast; 松质骨spongy bone; 骨折fracture; 不规则骨irregular bone;
医学专业英语 I. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D (40points) 1. Which of the following suffixes does not mean “pertaining to”? A. -ic B. -al C. -ar D. -our 2. Which of the following combining forms means cell? A. -cyte B. cyt/o C. cel/o D. both a and b 3. Which of the following forms means tissue? A. erythr/o B. immun/o C.hist/o D. vascul/o 4. A- means ______. A. up B. down C. apart D. without 5. The suffix -itis means _______ . A. infammation B.inflammation C.inflammazed D. instrument 6. The combining form of radi/o means _________. A. radar B. x-ray C. radio D. both B and C 7. The instrument for viewing is –scope whereas the instrument for cutti ng is_____. A. –scopy B. –tome C. –meter D. –graph 8. Which of the following forms refers to “surgical incision of ?” A. –tomy B. -stomy C. –tome D. –ectomy 9. A record of electric wave occurring in the brain is called _______. A. electroencephogram B. electromyogram C. electrocardiogram D. ele ctroencephalogram 10. Stethalgia means the pain of chest, which can also be expressed in ____. A. stethodynia B. thoracalgia C. thoracodynia D. all of the above 11. Which of the following forms means fungus? A. my/o B. myel/o C. myc/o D. none of the above 12. The combining form meaning “the skin”is _______. A. dem/o B. derm/o C. dermat/o D. both B and C 13. Which of the following combining forms means blood vessels ? A. vascul/o B. angi/o C. chromat/o D. Both A and B 14. The term meaning “pertaining to secretion”is _______ . A. crinogenic B. endocrine C. crinologic D. endocardial 15. The disease of having too many white blood cells is referred to as _______.
Human Diseases The brief survey of the human body in Chapter One has given us a glimpse into two different studies that are considered the fundamentals of medical sciences, namely anatomy and physiology. However, the picture is not complete without considering pathology, the science that deals with the structural and functional changes produced by the disease. In fact, the modern approach to the study of disorder emphasizes the close relationship of the pathological and physiological aspects and the need to understand the fundamentals of each in treating any body diseases. 第一章中，通过对人体的概论，即解剖学与生理学，我们对两种被认为是医学基础的不同学科有了一个大致的印象。然而如果我们不考虑病理学，这门涉及由疾病带来的结构和功能变化的学科，上述的人体概论就不是完整的。实际上，现代对疾病的研究方法强调了病理学与生理学方面的密切关系，强调了我们在治疗任何人体疾病方面需要了解病理学与生理学基础的重要性。 Then what is a disease? It may be defined as a condition that impairs the proper function of the body or of one of its parts. Every living thing, both plants and animals, can succumb to disease. People, for example, are often infected by tiny bacteria, but bacteria, in turn, can be infected by even more minute viruses. 那么什么是疾病呢？它可能被定义为正常的功能或是部分功能遭受损害时的一种状态。每一种生物、植物和动物，都会受制于疾病。例如，人类常常被微小的细菌所感染，但是，反过来说，细菌又能够被甚至更加微小的病毒所感染。 Hundreds of different diseases exist. Each has its own particular set of symptoms and signs, clues that enable a physician to diagnose the problem. A symptom is something a patient can detect, such as fever, bleeding, or pain. A sign is something a doctor can detect, such as a swollen blood vessel or an enlarged internal body organ. 许多种疾病存在于世。每一种都有其特定的症状、征兆和线索，医生能以此诊断疾病之所在。症状是病人自己就能觉察到的，比如，高烧、流血，或是疼痛。而征兆则是医生能够观察到的，比如，血管扩张或是体内器官肿大。 Diseases can be classified differently. For instance, an epidemic disease is one that strikes many persons in a community. When it strikes the same region year after year it is an endemic disease. An acute disease has a quick onset and runs a short course. An acute heart attack, for example, often hits without warning and can be quickly fatal. A chronic disease has a slow onset and runs a sometimes years-long course. The gradual onset and long course of rheumatic fever makes it a chronic ailment. Between the acute and chronic, another type is called subacute. 疾病可以划分为不同的种类，例如，流行病是一种在某一社区内侵袭许多人的疾病。当它年复一年地袭击同一社区，就成了一种地方病。急性病发作快，但病程短，举个例子来说，急性心脏病发作常常没有前兆，而且会很快致命。慢性病发作则慢，但病程有时会长达几年之久。风湿热正是由于发病慢、病程长而成为一种慢性失调病（慢性病）。而介于急性与慢性之间的另一种类型，就被称为亚急性。 Diseases can also be classified by their causative agents. For instance, an infectious, or communicable, disease is the one that can be passed between persons such as by means of
《职业卫生与职业医学》常用英语词汇 occupational health 职业卫生学 industrial hygiene 工业卫生工程学 Occupational hazard 职业性危害 Occupational adverse effect／damage 职业性损害／损伤 Occupational tolerance 职业耐受性 Occupational injury／work injury 工伤 Occupational disorders 职业性疾患 Occupational diseases 职业病 Diagnosis of occupational disease 职业病的诊断 Emergency rescue center 应急救援中心 health promotion 健康促进 compensable disease 需赔偿的疾病 work—related disease 工作有关疾病 occupational stigma 职业特征 host risk factor 个体危险因素 high risk group 高危人群 occupational health service 职业卫生服务 three levels of prevention 三级预防 primary prevention 第一级预防 secondary prevention 第二级预防 tertiary prevention 第三级预防 primary health care 初级卫生保健 work physio1ogy 工作(职业)生理学 occupational psychology 职业心理学 ergonomics 人类工效学 human factors engineering 人机因素工程学 mental work 脑力劳动 physical work 体力劳动 oxygen demand 氧需 maximum oxygen uptake 氧上限 oxygen debt 氧债 steady state 稳定状态 intensity of work 工作强度 shift work 轮班制 dual classification of work intensity 工作强度双重分级法 static work／effort 静力作业 isometric contraction 等长性收缩 dynamic work 动态作业 isotonic contraction 等张性收缩 dynamic stereotype 动力定型 occupational stress 职业性紧张 stressor 紧张因素
这里汇聚了中西医学行业的大部分英语词汇和详细解说，如果要查询相关词汇，你可以点此word 文档工具栏的“编辑”，找到“查找”，然后点开输入你要查询的词汇就可以查询了。 西医篇： 1、医院部门及科室名称 2、医务人员名称 3、诊断和治疗常用词汇 4、常见疾病名称 5、常见手术名称 6、常用药物名称 7、常用护理术语 8、常用临床医学术语 9、医疗器材 10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀 11、主要人体系统名称 12、医院类型名称 13、医学词汇 14、医学常用字首与字根 1.医院部门及科室名称 out-patient department 门诊部 In-patient department 住院部 Nursing department 护理部 Admission office 住院处 Discharge office 出院处 Registration office 挂号处 Reception room, waiting room 侯诊室 Consultation room 诊察室 Isolation room 隔离室 Delivery room 分娩室 Emergency room 急诊室 Ward 病房室 Department of internal medicine 内科 Department of surgery 外科 Department of pediatrics 儿科 Department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇科 Department of neurology 神经科 Department of ophtalmology 眼科 E.N.T.department 耳鼻喉科 Department of stomatology 口腔科 Department of urology 泌尿科 Department of orthopedic 骨科 Department of traumatology 创伤科 Department of endocrinology 内分泌科
医学英语课后翻译答案完 整版 Revised by Jack on December 14,2020
Translation： Unit one 1 医院，在现代意义上，就是由专业人员和专业的设备为病人提供医疗服务的机构，通常但也不总是提供长期的住院治疗。它的历史意义，直至最近，是给退伍战士提供服务的地方。 2 在现代社会，从广义上说，医院或者由它所处的国家的政府提供资助，或者在私营部门通过竞争在经济上生存下来。目前，为医院提供赞助的通常有公共部门，医疗机构，赢利或者非赢利的，医疗保险公司或者教会，包括直接由教会提供捐赠。在历史上，医院通常由宗教机构或者教会的成员或领导来建立和资助。与此不同的是，现代医院主要由专业的内科医生、外科医生和护士组成，在过去这些工作主要由成立医院的宗教机构或者志愿者来完成。 3 一些病人去医院只是去接受诊断和治疗，然后离开，不在医院过夜（门诊病人）；也有一些病人被收入院，在医院过夜，甚至长达几个星期或几个月（住院病人）。医院的等级划分通常由它们所提供的医疗设施的类型和为住院病人提供的医疗服务，以及其他的在门诊所提供的医疗服务水平所决定。（医院与其他医疗机构的区别在于它具有将病人收住院并为住院病人提供医疗服务的能力，而其他一类通常称为诊所。） Unit two 1它们平均是每两位医生为一千位病人提供预防性和初级医疗服务。下一级别的为城镇医疗中心，这些中心通常主要为一万到三万位病人
提供门诊医疗服务。每一个中心有十到三十个床位，中心的专业医生为医士(助理医师）。这两个较低级别的医疗机构构成了乡村合作医疗系统，为大多数的乡村病人提供医疗服务。 2强调公共卫生和预防性治疗为主的医疗政策始于50年代早期，在那个时候，共产党开始有大批的人口流动，（动员群众）参与大规模的“爱国卫生运动”，目的在于改进较差的环境卫生，预防某些疾病。 3这一转变对农村医疗卫生产生了一系列重要影响，合作医疗缺乏资金来源，致使赤脚医生数量减少，这就意味着健康教育、初级保健和家庭保健都受挫，在一些村庄，卫生状况和饮用水(水源检测这个大家自己看哈）很少得到监控。 Unit three 1金刚烷阻碍(阻断）了由m2蛋白质形成的离子通道，这一通道在vRNPs释放进入细胞质的过程中是至关重要的。对金刚烷的排斥（耐药）迅速形成，大多数的人类传染性H1N1和H3N2病毒，一些H5N1病毒，大多数的欧洲猪H1N1、H1N2和H3N2病毒都能抵制（耐受）金刚烷。 2（然而），万一（一旦）发生流行性疾病（大流行），鸡蛋供应就会短缺，相反的是，细胞培养是可高度控制的系统，可以促使疫苗的大批量生产，包括这些对抗高致病性H5N1的禽流感病毒（可以促使包括那些针对高致病性H5N1病毒在内的疫苗大批量生产），通过以狗肾传代细胞或者非洲绿猴子肾细胞生产的流感疫苗的纯度和免疫能力
医学专业英语 I.Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D (40points) 1.Which of the following suffixes does not mean “pertaining to”? A. -ic B. -al C. -ar D. -our 2.Which of the following combining forms means cell? A. -cyte B. cyt/o C. cel/o D. both a and b 3.Which of the following forms means tissue? A. erythr/o B. immun/o C.hist/o D. vascul/o 4.A- means _____ . A. up B. down C. apart D. without 5.The suffix -itis means _____ . A. infammation B.inflammation C.inflammazed D. instrument 6.The combining form of radi/o means _________ . A. radar B. x-ray C. radio D. both B and C 7.The instrument for viewing is –scope whereas the instrument for cutting is ______ . A. –scopy B. –tome C. –meter D. –graph 8.Which of the following forms refers to “surgical incision o f ?” A. –tomy B. -stomy C. –tome D. –ectomy 9. A record of electric wave occurring in the brain is called _______ . A. electroencephogram B. electromyogram C. electrocardiogram D. electroencephalogram 10.Stethalgia means the pain of chest, which can also be expressed in ____ . A. stethodynia B. thoracalgia C. thoracodynia D. all of the above 11.Which of the following forms means fungus? A. my/o B. myel/o C. myc/o D. none of the above 12.The combining form meaning “the skin” is _______ . A. dem/o B. derm/o C. dermat/o D. both B and C 13.Which of the following combining forms means blood vessels ? A. vascul/o B. angi/o C. chromat/o D. Both A and B 14.The term meaning “pertaining to secretion” is _______ . A. crinogenic B. endocrine C. crinologic D. endocardial 15.The disease of having too many white blood cells is referred to as ________ . A. leukocyte B. leukemia C. leukogenesis D. erythrocyte 16.Inflammation of liver is known in English as ________ . A. bronchitis B. pneumonitis C. gastritis D. hepatitis 17.-plasm means ______ . A. treatment B. knowledge C. diagnosis D. growth 18.Mammo/o refers to ______ . A. mother B. thymus gland C. thyroid gland D. breast 19.Which of the following does not mean “within or in”? A. en- B. endo- C. intra- D. none of the above 20._____ means surgical repair of an organ. A. phag/o B. –plasm C. –plasty D. –pathy