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数学与应用数学英文文献及翻译

（外文翻译从原文第一段开始翻译，翻译了约2000字）

勾股定理是已知最早的古代文明定理之一。这个著名的定理被命名为希腊的数学家和哲学家

毕达哥拉斯。毕达哥拉斯在意大利南部的科托纳创立了毕达哥拉斯学派。他在数学上有许多贡献，虽然其中一些可能实际上一直是他学生的工作。毕达哥拉斯定理是毕达哥拉斯最著名的数学贡献。据传说，毕达哥拉斯在得出此定理很高兴，曾宰杀了牛来祭神，以酬谢神灵的启示。后来又发现

2的平方根是不合理的，因为它不能表示为两个整数比，极大地困扰毕达哥拉斯和他的追随者。他们在自己的认知中，二是一些单位长度整数倍的长度。因此2的平方根被认为是不合理的，

他们就尝试了知识压制。它甚至说，谁泄露了这个秘密在海上被淹死。

毕达哥拉斯定理是关于包含一个直角三角形的发言。毕达哥拉斯定理指出，

对一个直角三角形斜边为边长的正方形面积，等于剩余两直角为边长正方形面积的总和

图1

根据勾股定理，在两个红色正方形的面积之和A和B，等于蓝色的正方形面积，正方形三区

因此，毕达哥拉斯定理指出的代数式是：

对于一个直角三角形的边长a，b和c，其中c是斜边长度。

虽然记入史册的是著名的毕达哥拉斯定理，但是巴比伦人知道某些特定三角形的结果比毕达哥拉斯早一千年。现在还不知道希腊人最初如何体现了勾股定理的证明。如果用欧几里德的算法使用，很可能这是一个证明解剖类型类似于以下内容：六^维-论~文.网https://www.doczj.com/doc/5c13874041.html,

“一个大广场边a+ b是分成两个较小的正方形的边a和b分别与两个矩形A和B，这两个矩形各可分为两个相等的直角三角形，有相同的矩形对角线c。四个三角形可安排在另一侧广场a+b

中的数字显示。

在广场的地方就可以表现在两个不同的方式：

1。由于两个长方形和正方形面积的总和：

2。作为一个正方形的面积之和四个三角形：

现在，建立上面2个方程，求解得

因此，对c的平方等于a和b的平方和（伯顿1991）

有许多的勾股定理其他证明方法。一位来自当代中国人在中国现存最古老的含正式数学理论能找到对Gnoman和天坛圆路径算法的经典文本。

这勾股定理证明是一个鼓舞人心的数字证明，被列入书Vijaganita，（根计算），由印度数学家卜哈斯卡瑞。卜哈斯卡瑞的唯一解释是他的证明，简单地说，“看”。

这些发现证明和周围的几何定理的毕达哥拉斯是导致在作为Pythgorean数论问题的最早的问题之一。

毕达哥拉斯问题：

找到所有的边的长度为直角三角形边长的组成，从而找到在毕达哥拉斯方程的正整数所有的解决方案：

有三个整数（x，y，z）满足这个方程，则称为勾股数。

部分勾股数：

x y z

3 4 5

5 12 13

7 24 25

9 40 41

11 60 61

该公式将产生所有勾股数最早出现在书欧几里德的元素x：1794

其中n和m是.正整数，且不同为奇数或偶数

在他的书中算术，丢番图证实，他能利用这个公式直角三角形，虽然他给了一个不同的论证。勾股定理可在初中向学生介绍。在高中这个定理变得越来越重要。仅仅这样还不够，为勾股定理代数公式，学生需要看到的几何连接以及在教学和学习中的勾股定理，可丰富和通过使用增强点纸，geoboards，折纸，和计算机技术，以及许多其他的教学材料。通过对教具和其他教育资源的使用，毕达哥拉斯定理可能意味着更多的学生不仅仅是插上数字的公式。

以下是对勾股定理的证明包括欧几里德一个品种。这些证明，随着教具和技术提高，可以大大提高学生对勾股定理的理解。

下面是一个由欧几里德其中最有名的数学家之一证明的总结。这个证明可以在书欧几里德的《元素》中找到。

命题：直角三角形上斜边的平方等于在直角边的平方和。

图2

欧几里德开始在上面图2所示的毕达哥拉斯配置。然后，他建造了一个垂直线，从C做DJ就关于斜边垂线。这点H和G是本与斜边上的正方形的边垂足。它位于的三角形ABC的高。见图3。

下一步，欧几里德表明六^维-论~文.网https://www.doczj.com/doc/5c13874041.html,，矩形HBDG面积等于BC上正方形的和与矩形的HAJG正方形的面积关系。他证明了这些等式利用相似的概念，三角形ABC，AHC和CHB相似，HAJG面积=(HA)(AG),AJ=AB, HAJG面积=(HA)(AB), 三角形ABC与三角形AHC相似，即：

。

因此，

以同样的方式，三角形ABC的和CHG是相似的。所以

即

由于这两个矩形的面积之和，是对斜边正方形的面积，这样就完成了证明。

欧几里德急于把这个结果在他的工作尽快得出结果。然而，由于他的工作与相似联系不大，直至图书第五和第六，他必须与另一种方式来证明了勾股定理。因此，他采用平行四边形的结果是相同的基础上翻一番，并在同一平行线之间的三角形。连接CJ和BE。

矩形的AHGJ面积是三角形JAC面积的两倍，以及ACLE面积是三角形BAE面积的两倍。这两个三角形全等采用SAS。在同样的结果如下，为其他类似的方式长方形和正方形。（卡茨，1993年）

点击这里，普惠制动画来说明这方面的证据。

接下来的三个证据更容易看到了毕达哥拉斯定理证明，将高中数学学生的理想选择。其实，这些都是可以证明，学生可以自己在某个时候兴建

he Pythagorean Theorem was one of the earliest theorems known to ancient civilizations. This famous theorem is named for the Greek mathematician and philosopher, Pythagoras. Pythagoras founded the Pythagorean School of Mathematics in Cortona, a Greek seaport in Southern Italy. He is credited with many contributions to mathematics although some of them may have actually been the work of his students.

The Pythagorean Theorem is Pythagoras' most famous mathematical contribution. According to legend, Pythagoras was so happy when he discovered the theorem that he offered a sacrifice of oxen. The later discovery that the square root of 2 is irrational and therefore, cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers, greatly troubled Pythagoras and his followers. They were devout in their belief that any two lengths were integral multiples of some unit length. Many attempts were made to suppress the knowledge that the square root of 2 is irrational. It is even said that the man who divulged the secret was drowned at sea.

The Pythagorean Theorem is a statement about triangles containing a right angle. The Pythagorean Theorem states that:

"The area of the square bu六^维-论~文.网https://www.doczj.com/doc/5c13874041.html, ilt upon the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the areas of the squares upon the remaining sides."

Figure 1

According to the Pythagorean Theorem, the sum of the areas of the two red squares, squares A and B, is equal to the area of the blue square, square C.

Thus, the Pythagorean Theorem stated algebraically is:

for a right triangle with sides of lengths a, b, and c, where c is the length of the hypotenuse.

Although Pythagoras is credited with the famous theorem, it is likely that the Babylonians knew the result for certain specific triangles at least a millennium earlier than Pythagoras. It is not known how the Greeks originally demonstrated the proof of the Pythagorean Theorem. If the methods of Book II of Euclid's Elements were used, it is likely that it was a dissection type of proof similar to the following:

"A large square of side a+b is divided into two smaller squares of sides a and b respectively, and two equal rectangles with sides a and b; each of these two rectangles can be split into two equal right triangles by drawing the diagonal c. The four triangles can be arranged within another square of side a+b as shown in the figures.

he area of the square can be shown in two different ways:

1. As the sum of the area of the two rectangles and the squares:

2. As the sum of the areas of a square and the four triangles:

Now, setting the two right hand side expressions in these equations equal, gives Therefore, the square on c is equal to the sum of the squares on a and b. (Burton 1991) There are many other proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem. One came from the contemporary Chinese civilization found in the oldest extant Chinese text containing formal mathematical theories, the Arithmetic Classic of the Gnoman and the Circular Paths of Heaven.

The proof of the Pythagorean Theorem that was inspired by a figure in this book was included in the book Vijaganita, (Root Calculations), by the Hindu mathematician Bhaskara. Bhaskara's only explanation of his proof was, simply, "Behold".

These proofs and the geometrical discovery surrounding the Pythagorean Theorem led to one of the earliest problems in the theory of numbers known as the Pythgorean problem.

The Pythagorean Problem:

Find all right triangles whose sides are of integral length, thus finding all solutions in the positive integers of the Pythagorean equation:

The three integers (x, y, z) that satisfy this equation is called a Pythagorean triple.

Some Pythagorean Triples:

x y z

3 4 5

5 12 13

7 24 25

9 40 41

11 60 61

The formula that will generate all Pythagorean triples first appeared in Book X of Euclid's Elements:

where n and m are positive integers of opposite parity and m>n.

In his book Arithmetica, Diophantus confirmed that he could get right triangles using this formula although he arrived at it under a different line of reasoning.

The Pythagorean Theorem can be introduced to students during the middle school years. This theorem becomes increasingly important during the high school years. It is not enough to merely state the algebraic formula for the Pythagorean Theorem. Studen六^维-论~文.网https://www.doczj.com/doc/5c13874041.html, ts need to see the geometric connections as well. The teaching and learning of the Pythagorean Theorem can be enriched and enhanced through the use of dot paper, geoboards, paper folding, and computer technology, as well as many other instructional materials. Through the use of manipulatives and other educational resources, the

Pythagorean Theorem can mean much more to students than just

and plugging numbers into the formula.

The following is a variety of proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem including one by Euclid. These proofs, along with manipulatives and technology, can greatly improve students' understanding of the Pythagorean Theorem.

The following is a summation of the proof by Euclid, one of the most famous mathematicians. This proof can be found in Book I of Euclid's Elements.

Proposition: In right-angled triangles the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the legs.

Figure 2

Euclid began with the Pythagorean configuration shown above in Figure 2. Then, he constructed a perpendicular line from C to the segment DJ on the square on the hypotenuse. The points H and G are the intersections of this perpendicular with the sides of the square on the hypotenuse. It lies along the altitude to the right triangle ABC. See Figure 3.

Figure 3

Next, Euclid showed that the area of rectangle HBDG is equal to the area of square on BC and that the are of the rectangle HAJG is equal to the area of the square on AC. He proved these equalities using the concept of similarity. Triangles ABC, AHC, and CHB are similar. The area of rectangle HAJG is (HA)(AJ) and since AJ = AB, the area is also (HA)(AB). The similarity of triangles ABC and AHC means

or, as to be proved, the area of the rectangle HAJG is the same as the areaof the square on side AC. In the same way, triangles ABC and CHG are similar. So

Since the sum of the areas of the two rectangles is the area of the square on the hypotenuse, this completes the proof.

Euclid was anxious to place this result in his work as soon as possible. However, since his work on similarity was not to be until Books V and VI六^维-论~文.网https://www.doczj.com/doc/5c13874041.html, , it was necessary for him to come up with another way to prove the Pythagorean Theorem. Thus, he used the result that parallelograms are double the triangles with the same base and between the same parallels. Draw CJ and BE.

The area of the rectangle AHGJ is double the area of triangle JAC, and the area of square ACLE is double triangle BAE. The two triangles are congruent by SAS. The same result follows in a similar manner for the other rectangle and square. (Katz, 1993)

Click here for a GSP animation to illustrate this proof.

The next three proofs are more easily seen proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem and would be ideal for high school mathematics students. In fact, these are proofs that students could be able to construct themselves at some point.

The first proof begins with a rectangle divided up into three triangles, each of which contains a right angle. This proof can be seen through the use of computer technology, or with something as simple as a 3x5 index card cut up into right triangles.

Figure 4

Figure 5

It can be seen that triangles 2 (in green) and 1 (in red), will completely overlap triangle 3 (in blue). Now, we can give a proof of the Pythagorean Theorem using these same triangles.

Proof:

I. Compare triangles 1 and 3.

Figure 6

Angles E and D, respectively, are the right angles in these triangles. By comparing their similarities, we have

and from Figure 6, BC = AD. So,

By cross-multiplication, we get :

II. Compare triangles 2 and 3:

Figure 7

By comparing the similarities of triangles 2 and 3 we get:

From Figure 4, AB = CD. By substitution,

Cross-multiplication gives:

Finally, by adding equations 1 and 2, we get:

From triangle 3,

AC = AE + EC

Figure 8

We have proved the Pythagorean Theorem.

The next proof is another proof of the Pythagorean Theorem that begins with a rectangle. It begins by constructing rectangle CADE with B六^维-论~文.网https://www.doczj.com/doc/5c13874041.html, A = DA. Next, we construct the angle bisector of

Figure 9

Next, since m

By the AA similarity theorem, triangle EBF is similar to triangle CAB.

Now, let k be the similarity ratio between triangles EBF and CAB.

Figure 10

Thus, triangle EBF has sides with lengths ka, kb, and kc. Since FB = FD, FD = kc. Also, since the opposite sides of a rectangle are congruent, b = ka + kc and c = a + kb. By solving for k, we have

外文文献翻译——参考格式

广东工业大学华立学院本科毕业设计（论文）外文参考文献译文及原文系部经济学部专业经济学年级 2007级班级名称 07经济学6班学号 16020706001 学生姓名张瑜琴指导教师陈锶 2011 年05月

目录 1挑战：小额贷款中的进入和商业银行的长期承诺 (1) 2什么商业银行带给小额贷款和什么把他们留在外 (2) 3 商业银行的四个模型进入小额贷款之内 (4) 3.1内在的单位 (4) 3.2财务子公司 (5) 3.3策略的同盟 (5) 3.4服务公司模型 (6) 4 合法的形式和操作的结构比较 (8) 5 服务的个案研究公司模型：厄瓜多尔和Haiti5 (9)

1 挑战：小额贷款中的进入和商业银行的长期承诺商业银行已经是逐渐重要的运动员在拉丁美洲中的小额贷款服务的发展2到小额贷款市场是小额贷款的好消息客户因为银行能提供他们一完整类型的财务的服务，包括信用，储蓄和以费用为基础的服务。整体而言，它也对小额贷款重要，因为与他们广泛的身体、财务的和人类。如果商业银行变成重的运动员在小额贷款，他们能提供非常强烈的竞争到传统的小额贷款机构。资源，银行能廉宜地发射而且扩张小额贷款服务rela tively。如果商业广告银行在小额贷款中成为严重的运动员，他们能提出非常强烈的竞争给传统的小额贷款机构。然而，小额贷款社区里面有知觉哪一商业银行进入进入小额贷款将会是短命或浅的。举例来说，有知觉哪一商业银行首先可能不搬进小额贷款因为时候建立小额贷款操作到一个有利润的水平超过银行的标准投资时间地平线。或，在进入小额贷款，银行之后可能移动在－上面藉由增加贷款数量销售取利润最大值－或者更坏的事，退出如果他们是不满意与小额贷款的收益性的水平。这些知觉已经被特性加燃料商业银行的情形进入小额贷款和后来的出口之内。在最极端的，一些开业者已经甚至宣布，”降低尺度死！”而且抛弃了与主意合作的商业银行。在最 signific 看得到的地方，蚂蚁利益商业银行可能带给小额贷款，国际的ACCION 发展发射而且扩张的和一些商业银行的关系小额贷款操作。在这些情形的大部分方面， ACCION 和它的合伙人正在使用方法，已知的当做服务公司模型，表演早答应当做一个能工作的方法克服真正的。商业银行的障碍进入和穿越建立长命的小额贷款操作一个商业银行这论文描述如何服务公司模型、住址商业银行中的主要议题进入进小额贷款，监定成功建立的因素动作井小额贷款服务公司，和礼物结果和小额贷款的课servic e 公司用最长的经验，在海地和审判官席 del 的 SOGEBANK│ SOGESOL 初期结果指出那这服务公司模型表现一重要的突破在促成商业银行进入和留在小额贷款。在厄瓜多尔的 Pichincha│ CREDIFE。初期结果指出服务公司模型在促成商业广告中表现一次重要的突破银行进入而且留在小额贷款。

毕业设计_英语专业论文外文翻译

1. Introduction America is one of the countries that speak English. Because of the special North American culture, developing history and the social environment, American English has formed its certain unique forms and the meaning. Then it turned into American English that has the special features of the United States. American English which sometimes also called United English or U.S English is the form of the English language that used widely in the United States .As the rapid development of American economy, and its steady position and strong power in the world, American English has become more and more widely used. As in 2005, more than two-thirds of English native speakers use various forms of American English. The philologists of the United States had divided the English of the United States into four major types: “America n creating”; “Old words given the new meaning”; “Words that eliminated by English”;“The phonetic foreign phrases and the languages that are not from the English immigrates”[1]. Compared to the other languages, American English is much simple on word spelling, usage and grammar, and it is one of the reasons that American English is so popular in the world. The thesis analyzes the differences between American English and British English. With the main part, it deals with the development of American English, its peculiarities compared to that of British English, its causes and tendency. 2. Analyses the Differences As we English learners, when we learning English in our junior or senior school, we already came across some words that have different spellings, different pronunciations or different expressions, which can be represented by following contrasted words: spellings in "color" vs. "colour"; pronunciations in "sec-re-ta-ry" vs. "sec-re-try";

英文文献及中文翻译撰写格式

关于毕业设计说明书（论文）英文文献及中文翻译撰写格式为提高我校毕业生毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）的撰写质量，做到毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）在内容和格式上的统一和规范，特规定如下: 一、装订顺序论文（设计说明书）英文文献及中文翻译内容一般应由3个部分组成，严格按以下顺序装订。 1、封面 2、中文翻译 3、英文文献（原文）二、书写格式要求 1、毕业设计（论文）英文文献及中文翻译分毕业设计说明书英文文献及中文翻译和毕业论文英文文献及中文翻译两种，所有出现相关字样之处请根据具体情况选择“毕业设计说明书” 或“毕业论文”字样。 2、毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）英文文献及中文翻译中的中文翻译用Word 软件编辑，英文文献用原文，一律打印在A4幅面白纸上，单面打印。 3、毕业设计说明书（毕业论文）英文文献及中文翻译的上边距:30mm；下边距:25mm；左边距:3Omm；右边距:2Omm；行间距1.5倍行距。 4、中文翻译页眉的文字为“中北大学2019届毕业设计说明书” 或“中北大学××××届毕业论文”，用小四号黑体字，页眉线的上边距为25mm；页脚的下边距为18mm。 5、中文翻译正文用小四号宋体，每章的大标题用小三号黑体，加粗，留出上下间距为：段前0.5行，段后0.5行；二级标题用小四号黑体，加粗；其余小标题用小四号黑体，不加粗。 6、文中的图、表、附注、公式一律采用阿拉伯数字分章编号。如图1.2，表2.3，附注3.2或式4.3。 7、图表应认真设计和绘制,不得徒手勾画。表格与插图中的文字一律用5号宋体。

每一插图和表格应有明确简短的图表名，图名置于图之下，表名置于表之上，图表号与图表名之间空一格。插图和表格应安排在正文中第一次提及该图表的文字的下方。当插图或表格不能安排在该页时，应安排在该页的下一页。图表居中放置，表尽量采用三线表。每个表应尽量放在一页内，如有困难，要加“续表X.X”字样，并有标题栏。图、表中若有附注时，附注各项的序号一律用阿拉伯数字加圆括号顺序排，如:注①。附注写在图、表的下方。文中公式的编号用圆括号括起写在右边行末顶格，其间不加虚线。 8、文中所用的物理量和单位及符号一律采用国家标准，可参见国家标准《量和单位》(GB3100~3102-93)。 9、文中章节编号可参照《中华人民共和国国家标准文献著录总则》。

java毕业论文外文文献翻译

Advantages of Managed Code Microsoft intermediate language shares with Java byte code the idea that it is a low-level language witha simple syntax , which can be very quickly translated intonative machine code. Having this well-defined universal syntax for code has significant advantages. Platform independence First, it means that the same file containing byte code instructions can be placed on any platform; atruntime the final stage of compilation can then be easily accomplished so that the code will run on thatparticular platform. In other words, by compiling to IL we obtain platform independence for .NET, inmuch the same way as compiling to Java byte code gives Java platform independence. Performance improvement IL is actually a bit more ambitious than Java bytecode. IL is always Just-In-Time compiled (known as JIT), whereas Java byte code was ofteninterpreted. One of the disadvantages of Java was that, on execution, the process of translating from Javabyte code to native executable resulted in a loss of performance. Instead of compiling the entire application in one go (which could lead to a slow start-up time), the JITcompiler simply compiles each portion of code as it is called (just-in-time). When code has been compiled.once, the resultant native executable is stored until the application exits, so that it does not need to berecompiled the next time that portion of code is run. Microsoft argues that this process is more efficientthan compiling the entire application code at the start, because of the likelihood that large portions of anyapplication code will not actually be executed in any given run. Using the JIT compiler, such code willnever be compiled.

本科毕业设计外文文献翻译

（本科毕业设计外文文献翻译学校代码： 10128 学号：题目：Shear wall structural design of high-level framework 学生姓名：学院：土木工程学院系别：建筑工程系专业：土木工程专业（建筑工程方向）班级：土木08-（5）班指导教师： (副教授)

Shear wall structural design of high-level framework Wu Jicheng Abstract: In this paper the basic concepts of manpower from the frame shear wall structure, analysis of the structural design of the content of the frame shear wall, including the seismic wall shear span ratio design, and a concrete structure in the most commonly used frame shear wall structure the design of points to note. Keywords: concrete; frame shear wall structure; high-rise buildings The wall is a modern high-rise buildings is an important building content, the size of the frame shear wall must comply with building regulations. The principle is that the larger size but the thickness must be smaller geometric features should be presented to the plate, the force is close to cylindrical. The wall shear wall structure is a flat component. Its exposure to the force along the plane level of the role of shear and moment, must also take into account the vertical pressure. Operate under the combined action of bending moments and axial force and shear force by the cantilever deep beam under the action of the force level to look into the bottom mounted on the basis of. Shear wall is divided into a whole wall and the associated shear wall in the actual project, a whole wall for example, such as general housing construction in the gable or fish bone structure film walls and small openings wall. Coupled Shear walls are connected by the coupling beam shear wall. But because the

外文翻译合同(合同示范文本)

( 合同范本 ) 甲方：乙方：日期：年月日精品合同 / Word文档 / 文字可改外文翻译合同(合同示范文本) The contract concluded after the parties reached a consensus through equal consultations stipulates the mutual obligations and the rights they should enjoy.

外文翻译合同(合同示范文本) 甲方(聘用方)：____________________________________________ 联系地址：__________________________________________________ 联系电话：__________________________________________________ 传真：______________________________________________________ 邮编：______________________________________________________ 乙方(受聘方)：____________________________________________ 联系地址：

__________________________________________________ 联系电话：__________________________________________________ 鉴于甲方拍摄的_____集电视连续剧《》（暂定名，最终定名以通过审核的完成片片名___________为准，改变剧名和集数不影响本合同的效力及履行，以下简称该剧）外文翻译事宜，拟聘请乙方担任该剧外文翻译等相关后期工作，经甲、乙双方充分协商，达成以下协议，以兹共同信守。第一条聘用期限本合同有效期限自合同签订之日起至甲方交付乙方的全部工作完成后为有效期。因不可抗力原因延期拍摄时，甲乙双方协商本合约可顺延。第二条乙方的工作乙方负责如下事项。 1．除日文之外其它各外文语种的全部翻译工作（外文配音台词本的制作、外文翻译中文并校对、配合后期配音工作的要求、配合

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毕业论文外文文献翻译院年级专业： 2009 级XXXXXXXXXXX 姓名：学号：附件：备注：（注意：备注页这一整页的内容都不需要打印，看懂了即可）

1.从所引用的与毕业设计（论文）内容相近的外文文献中选择一篇或一部分进行翻译（不少于3000实词）； 2.外文文献翻译的装订分两部分，第一部分为外文文献；第二部分为该外文文献的中文翻译，两部分之间用分页符隔开。也就是说，第一外文文献部分结束后，使用分页符，另起一页开始翻译。 3.格式方面，外文文献的格式，除了字体统一使用Times new roman 之外，其他所有都跟中文论文的格式一样。中文翻译的格式，跟中文论文的格式一样。（注意：备注页这一整页的内容都不需要打印，看懂了即可,定稿后,请删除本页.）范文如下：注意,下面内容每一部份均已用分页符分开了,如果用本模板,请将每一模块单独删除,直接套用到每一模板里面,不要将全部内容一次性删除. 【Abstract】This paper has a systematic analysis on outside Marco-environment of herbal tea beverage industry and major competitors of brands inside the herbal tea market. Based on

the theoretic framework, this paper takes WONG LO KAT and JIA DUO BAO herbal tea as an example, and researches the strategy on brand positioning and relevant marketing mix of it. Through analysis on the prevention sense of WONG LO KAT herbal tea, it was positioned the beverage that can prevent excessive internal heat in body, a new category divided from the beverage market. the process of brand positioning of it in Consumers brain was finished. Based on this positioning strategy, WONG LO KAT reasonably organized and arranged its product strategy, price strategy, distribution strategy and promotion strategy, which not only served for and further consolidated the position of preventing excessive internal heat in body, but also elevated the value of brand. The JDB and WONG LO KAT market competition brings us enlightenment. Reference the successful experience from the JDB and lessons from the failure of the WONG LO KAT.，Times New Roman. 【Key Words】Brand positioning; Marketing mix; Positioning Strategy; enlightenment, lessons；ABC （本页为英文文献摘要，关键词两项一起单独一页，字体为：Times New Roman，小四号，1.5倍行距）

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青岛大学毕业论文(设计)科技文献翻译院系：自动化工程学院控制工程系专业：自动化班级：2009级4班姓名：史发涛指导教师：于金鹏 2013年4月10日

Providing Integrated Condition Monitoring Solutions for World Class Performance Rockwell Automation is a premier provider of Integrated Condition Monitoring Solutions (ICMS) to all major industry segments. Offering the latest state-of-the art technology in vibration analysis, oil analysis, on-line surveillance and protection systems,remote monitoring, as well as outstanding training and customer support services. Through strategic alliances with major Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) providers Rockwell Automation can now provide integrated systems that provide critical machinery information throughout the enterprise. Portable Systems Enpac The Enpac? is a Windows CE based 2-channel high performance data collector and signal analyzer. The Enpac? collects field data, includi ng vibration information and process variables. Enpac? allows easy condition monitoring of equipment found in many process industries such as power generation, petrochemical, pulp and paper, and primary metals.The Enpac? features a built in optical (laser) tachometer, a choice of either a 1/8 or 1/4 VGA resolution screen, ability to store data on standard Type I or Type II PCMCIA cards and on-line contextsensitive HELP, built in to all applications. Online Systems Rockwell Automation offers a complete range of online hardware and software systems designed to meet your machinery protection and condition monitoring needs. When you need to protect your critical machinery assets the 6600 Series machinery protection system provides continuous monitoring. The Enw atch? Online Surveillance System is a cost-effective solution for monitoring the condition of the important machines in your plant.The 6600 Series and Enwatch? systems can be integrated seamlessly with Emonitor Odyssey?or Enshare? machinery information software. This integrated solution will provide you with a complete picture of the condition of your plant. Entrx When you need to understand how your rotating machinery is performing then Entrx is the professional’s tool. Entrx provides the means for reliable and consistent data acquisition for your entire steady state and transient machine operating modes. Entrx data acquisition hardware is fully configurable by the user and is capable of collecting data in both multiplexed and simultaneous / continuous modes. Graphical presentations of your machinery help to provide a visual display of what is happening to your machinery.

建筑毕业设计外文文献翻译

建筑学毕业设计的外文文献及译文文献、资料题目：《Advanced Encryption Standard》文献、资料发表（出版）日期：2004.10.25 系（部）：建筑工程系学生：陆总 LYY

外文文献： Modern Architecture Modern architecture, not to be confused with 'contemporary architecture', is a term given to a number of building styles with similar characteristics, primarily the simplification of form and the elimination of ornament. While the style was conceived early in the 20th century and heavily promoted by a few architects, architectural educators and exhibits, very few Modern buildings were built in the first half of the century. For three decades after the Second World War, however, it became the dominant architectural style for institutional and corporate building. 1. Origins Some historians see the evolution of Modern architecture as a social matter, closely tied to the project of Modernity and hence to the Enlightenment, a result of social and political revolutions. Others see Modern architecture as primarily driven by technological and engineering developments, and it is true that the availability of new building materials such as iron, steel, concrete and glass drove the invention of new building techniques as part of the Industrial Revolution. In 1796, Shrewsbury mill owner Charles Bage first used his ‘fireproof’ design, which relied on cast iron and brick with flag stone floors. Such construction greatly strengthened the structure of mills, which enabled them to accommodate much bigger machines. Due to poor knowledge of iron's properties as a construction material, a number of early mills collapsed. It was not until the early 1830s that Eaton Hodgkinson introduced the section beam, leading to widespread use of iron construction, this kind of austere industrial architecture utterly transformed the landscape of northern Britain, leading to the description, "Dark satanic mills" of places like Manchester and parts of West Yorkshire. The Crystal Palace by Joseph Paxton at the Great Exhibition of 1851 was an early example of iron and glass construction; possibly the best example is the development of the tall steel skyscraper in Chicago around 1890 by William Le Baron Jenney and Louis Sullivan. Early structures to employ concrete as the chief means of architectural expression (rather than for purely utilitarian structure) include Frank Lloyd Wright's Unity Temple, built in 1906 near Chicago, and Rudolf Steiner's Second Goetheanum, built from

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