专升本语法历年真题专项整理

第一节名词及其基础语法一：名词语法精讲可数名词的复数1.规则变化：（1）绝大多数名词的复数形式是在名词后直接加—s.Map—maps book---books grade --- grades(2)以字母s,sh,ch,x结尾和以辅音字母+o 结尾的名词加-es.Bus---buses dish---dishes box---boxes但是以字母— o 结尾的单词例外，应直接加“--s”Piano---pianos photo---photos radio---radios zoo---zoos(3)以字母f或fe结尾的名词构成复数形式时，要把f或fe 改为v，再加-es.Life—lives leaf---leaves knife---knives shelf---shelves以下单词例外，应直接加“--s”Roof—roofs chief—chiefs另外，handkerchief的复数形式以上两种变法都可以。

（4）以辅音字母+y 结尾的名词构成复数形式时，要把-y改成-i, 再加-es.Story---stories baby---babies country----countries2.不规则变化(1)改变单数名词中的元音字母。

Man—men woman—women foot---feet goose---geese(2)单复数形式相同。

a sheep—two sheep a dear----two dear(3) 其他形式child----children ox---oxen mouse----mice(3)表示“某国人”的名词单，复数形式因习惯各异。

A．单，复数形式相同：a Chinese --- two Chinese a Japanese----two JapaneseB. 词尾加—s :a Russian --- two Russians a German--- two GermansC. 变man为men:an Englishman—two Englishmen a Dutchman—two Dutchmen3.复合名词的复数形式：(1)写成一个词且不含连字符者，通常在第二部分加复数词尾。

Grammar Exercise1. Physics ________ with matter and motion.A) deal B) deals C) are D) is2. The statistics on traffic accidents in this city ________ now.A) is increased B) is increasing C) are increased D) are increasing3. ________ gathered to hear the president speak,A) The staff was B) The staffs were C) The staff were D) A staff4. The committee ________ in opinion.A) is divided B) are divided C) divides D) are dividing5. He has written a ________ composition.A) three-hundred-word B) three-hundreds-wordsC) three-hundred-words D) three-hundreds-word6. Two hours ________ enough for us.A) is B) are C) have D) were7. The singer and dancer ________ our evening.A) is to attend B) are to attend C) were to attend D) is attended8. Her English is as fluent as ________A) her mother B) her mother’s EnglishC) her mother English D) her mother’s9. Is her hair shorter than ________?A) me B) my C) mine D) I10. We can meet at________.A) the Wu’s B) Smiths’C) the Smiths D) the Smiths’11. Mrs Smith is a friend of ________.A) Mary’s mother’s B) Mary’s motherC) mother’s of Mary D) Mary mother’s12. He hated ________.A) the pride of Mary’ B) pride of M ary’sC) the pride of Mary D) that pri de of Mary’s13. He asked them if they had ________ he could do for them.A) anything B) something C) things D) much thing14. I have two sisters. One is Mary and ________ is Magret.A) another B) other C) the other D) one15. One common family name is Smith, ________ is Brown.A) another B) the other C) other one D) an other16. Nina revealed that poor Rick had had ________ operation.A) other B) another C) the other D) an other17. I have read three books and I want to read ________.A) another three books B) the other three booksC) more three books D) more than three books18. We have learned five lessons and will have ________ to learn this term.A) another six lessons B) the other six lessonsC) six more lessons D) more than six lessons19. A good writer is ________ who can express the commonplace in an uncommon way.A) that B) he C) one D) this20. I don’t like coloured envelopes. I like ________.A) white ones B) ones white C) white those D) the white ones21. This furniture is different from ________.A) that B) that one C) those D) those one22. I’ll take the seat next to ________ by the window.A) that B) it C) this D) that one23. If you want the watch, I’ll give ________ to you.A) one B) it C) that D) any24. He is ________ of an artist.A) anything B) anyone C) something D) somebody25. If he is ________ of a gentleman, he will keep this promise.A) something B) much C) anything D) somebody26. ________ student with a little common sense should be able to answerA) Each B) Any C) Either D) One27. The boy took off his gloves.________ had holes in the fingers.A) Either B) Any C) Every D) Each28. ________ student may try twice.A) Every B) Each C) One D) Both29. He has read ________ book on the subject.A) each B) many C) every D) either30. He say________ but does ________.A) a little…many B) little…much C) many…few D) many…much31. Many a man ________ it before.A) has tried B) had tried C) have tried D) was tried32. I don’t like music, ______ dancing.A) much more B) even more C) still much D) much less33. He can do it well, ________you.A) more than B) still less C) even more D) even much34. Although both clocks strike cheerfully, ________ keeps good time.A) either B) none C) no one D) neither35. They were all very tired, but ________ of them would stop to take a rest,A) neither B) either C) none D) no one36. All that can be done ________.A) has been done B) have been done C) have one D) has done37. The rest of the students ________.A) is dismissed B) dismissed C) has dismissed D) are dismissed38. The young in spirit ________ the vital force in our society.A) is B) are C) has been D) have being39. He as well as I ________ you.A) agree with B) agree to C) agrees with D) am to agree40. Either the teacher or the students _______ the meeting yesterday.A) attends B) attended C) is attending D) has attended41. They ________ every day.A) cycle work B) cycling to work C) cycle working D) cycle to work42. They ________ ducks as a sideline.A) raise B) are raising C) have raised D) raises43. Water _______ at 100°C.A) is boiling B) boil C) boils D) boiled44. School ________the day after tomorrow.A) will begin B) begin C) begins D) is beginning45. Assuming it ________tomorrow, what shall we do?A) will rain B) is raining C) rains D) has rained46. I ________from my brother for a long time.A) not have heard B) have not heard C) have heard not D) do not hear47. I have heard about the book, but I ________ it yet.A) don’ t read B) didn’t read C)haven’t re ad D) ha dn’t read48. I ________ him in the last three years.A) saw B) have seen C)haven’t seen D) see49. This is the third time we ________ improvements in that equipment.A) had made B) are making C) made D) have made50. This is the only book he ________.A) is written B) has written C) is writing D) writes51. She ________ right now.A) reading B) is read C) is reading D) to read52. He left school last year and ________ his living as a teacher now.A) earns B) is earned C) is earned D) earned53. We ________ on Friday.A) leave B) are leaving C) have left D) shall have left54. By the time he was twelve, Edison ________ to make a living by himself.A) would begin B) has begun C) had begun D) was begun55. This is the second cigarette I ________ today.A) smoke B) smoked C) have smoked D) are smoking56. I ________ the whole book by the day after tomorrow.A) shall read B) shall be reading C) will read D) shall have read57. What ________ this time tomorrow?A) will you do B) do you do C) will you be doing D) will you have done58. I ________with my teacher just now.A) have talked B) will talk C) talked D) will have talked59. “Wher e is Mister Wang?”“He has gone to the classroom.”“When ________ ?”A) has he gone B) did he go C) had he gone D) was he going60. If it ________rain tomorrow, we’ll have the party outside.A) woul dn’t B) doesn’t C) didn’t D) won’t61. It ________everyday so far this month.A) is raining表示情绪B) rained C) rains D) has rained62. I won’t be ab le to watch the program because I ________ my homework at that time.A) shall have done B) will do C) shall be done D) will be doing63. Last week he promised that he ________ today, but he ha sn’t arrived yet.A) will come B) would have come C) is coming D) would come64. In 1950, she was the largest ship that ________.A) was ever built B) has ever builtC) has ever been built D) had ever been built65. The work ________ by the time you get here.A) will have been done B) is doneC) had been done D) would have done66. She was told the examination ________ on Friday.A) will be given B) would be given C) to be given D) is given67. If the sun ________ tomorrow, what would we do?A) will not rise B) should not rise C) did not rise D) does not rise68. If there ________ no subjective mood, English would be much easier.A) is B) was C) were D) would be69. If you ________ to see Mary, what would you tell her?A) are B) will be going C) must D) were70. If I should start tomorrow, I ________ home next Monday.A) shall reach B) should reach C) reach D) can reach71. If we had known that she had planned to arrive today, we________ her at the bus station.A) may have met B) might meet C) may meet D) might have met72. ________ today, he would get there Friday.A) Was he leaving B) If he leave C) Were he to leave D) If he is leaving73. In the absence of water, plants ________.A)don’t grow B) can not grow C) would not grow D) should not grow74. If it hadn’t be en for the liberation, we ________ a happy life now.A) would have lived B) would not have livedC) are not living D) wouldn’t live75. I wish I ________ the book yesterday, But I was too busy.A) had finished to write B) could have finished writingC) could have finished to write D) might finish writing76. The teacher demanded that her students ________ on time to every class.A) were B) be C) had to be D) must be77. It is important that you ________ there in person.A) be B) will be C) will D) are78. Your advice that she ________ till next week is reasonable.A) will wait B) is going to wait C) waits D) wait79. It’s time I ________.A) am going B) go C) went D) shall go80. She says she’d rather he ________ tomorrow instead of today.A) have left B) left C) should leave D) leave81. I’d prefer he ________ there too long.A) doesn’t stay B) will not stay C) would not stay D) didn’t stay82. He acts as though he ________ an expert.A) is B) should be C) were D) will be83. He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ________ about that.A) will know B) knows C) knew D) and known84. It seems as if we ________tomorrow.A) walked B) had walked C) shall have to walk D) are walking85. He’s working hard for fear that he________.A) should fall behind B) fell behindC) may fall behind D) would fall behind86. ________ I had not been late for work.A) If only B) Only if C) What if D) Since then87. It is no good ________to come now, He is busy.A) asking him B) to ask him C) if you ask him D) that you ask him88. I came late and missed ________Jack winning.A) to see B) seeing C) see D) seen89. I decided ________the matter up at the meeting.A) bringing B) to bring C) bring D) being brought90. Rather than ________any more, I decided to go home by taxi.A) my waiting B) to have waited C) waiting for D) wait91. I have not got a chair________.A) to sit B) for sitting C) to sit on D) for my sitting92. He was said ________a gift from her, knowing that it meant a bride.A) to refuse B) to be refused C) to have been refused D) to have refused93. It is impossible for the plan ________.A) to put into practice B) not to put into practiceC) to be put into practice D) to be not put into practice94. They found the lecture hard ________.A) to understand B) for understandingC) to have been understood D) understand95. He made a long speech only ________ his ignorance of the subject.A) shows B) showing C) shown D) to show96. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge ________ ourthinking.A) which to based on B) upon which to baseC) which to base upon D) to which to be base97. I don’t ________ the letter but perhapsA) remember to see B) remind to seeC) remember seeing D) remind seeing98. We regret ________ you that the materials you ordered are out of stock.A) in forming B) to informC) having informed D) to have informed99. I didn’t mean ________ your feeling.A) hurting B) to have hurt C) to hurt D) hurt100. Are you going to the banquet ________ at the embassy?A) to give B) give C) to be given D) to give at101. It is wise ________ the case that way.A) of him to settle B) for him to settle C) of him settling D) that he settle102. Carrier pigeons are said ________ by early Greek sailors.A) to use B) to have used C) used D) to have been used 103. My younger brother couldn’t help ________ when his toy plane fell into the river.A) but to cry B) but crying C) to cry D) crying104. They are going to help _________the trees.A) watering B) water C) watered D) while watering 105. “My girl friend is in a bad mood.”“Why ________her some flowers?A) not give B) not giving C) you don’t give D) don’t give106. I ________to bed after midnight.A) used to going B) was used to go C) was used to going D) used to be going 107. He had no alternative but ________ to see him.A) go B) went C) going D) to go108. No one thought that John’s suggestion was worth________.A) to consider B) consideringC) to be considered D) of consideration109. The test ________.A) is worthy doing B) is worthy of doing C) is worthy to do D) is worthy to be done 110. The reward ________.A) is worth B) is worthy C) is worthy of D) is worthwhile 111. The music was so ________ that the audience were ________ to death.A) boring...bored B) bored...boring C) bored...bored D) boring...boring 112. In order to have the electric current ________ we should have the circuit closed.A) flow B) to flow C) flowing D) flowed113. She is going to town ________.A) to repair her watch B) to have repaired her watchC) to have her watch repaired D) for repairing her watch114. I have my car ________ for me.A) waiting B) wait C) waited D) having waited 115. When visiting a foreign country, I sometimes found it difficult ________.A) to make myself understood B) to make myself understandC) making others understand me D) make myself understand116. Mary is a turner. She spent three years in a factory ________ for the job.A) to be trained B) training C) for bring trained D) being trained 117. Do you know ________ a house?A) to build B) how to build C) building D) about building 118. I didn’t know ________ him or not.A) whether to help B) if to help C) to help D) that if I should help 119. You didn’t hear us come in last night. That’s good.We tried ________ noisy.A) to not be B) not to be C) being not D) not being120. Let his words ________.A) remembered B) to be remembered C) be remembered D) remember121. When ________ to 100°C, water will turn into steam.A) heating B) being heated C) heated D) heat122. He seems ________ from this university.A) graduating B) being graduated C) to graduate D) to have graduated 123. No one told me ________ the station.A) to get B) how to get to C) to get to D) whether to get 124. He did it without ________ by the leader.A) asking B) being asked C) asked D) ask125. The room needs ________ before we move in.A) cleaned B) cleaning C) being cleaned D) to clean126. His family ________ before liberation, he had to work at the age of fifteen.A) was very poor B) being very poor C) be very poor D) were very poor 127. The police inspector spoke to the little girl kindly ________her.A) to not frighten B) in order to not frightenC) so as not to frighten D) for not frighten128.________, he had asked three persons before he goes there.A) Not knowing where was the bookstore B) Knowing not where the bookstore wasC) Not knowing where the bookstore was D) Not to know where the bookstore was 129. ________ plastics, the machine is light in weight.A) To make of B) Having made ofC) To be made of D) Made of130. His parents________, the orphan is now taken care of by the government.A) have died B) dead C) dying D) having died 131. She apologized for________ to come.A) her not being able B) her being not ableC) not being able D) that she’s not able Io132. She needs the work________ before tomorrow.A) doing B) to do C) done D) being done 133. Would you be________ to show me the way to the City Hall?A) enough good B) good enough as C) so good as D) as good as 134. Would you mind ________ quiet for a moment? I’m trying ________ a form.A) keeping… filling out B) to keep…to fill outC)keeping…to fill out D) to keep…filling out135. I intended________ yesterday, but I had to attend a meeting.A) to have come B) to be comingC) to come D) that I came136. He________ abroad but he was suddenly taken ill.A) was going B) was to go C) was to have gone D) is to go 137. I was about________ the office when the telephone ran.A) leaving B) to have left C) to leave D) to leaving 138. There________ only one apple left.A) happen to be B) happen be C) happens to be D) happens being 139. Suddenly there________ a thief dressed in black.A) enters B) entered to be C) is entered D) entered 140. Once there________ an old fisherman in a village by the sea.A) lives B) lived C) lived to be D) is141. There________ from the audience a cry of indignation.A) spring B) sprang to be C) sprang D) is sprang 142. People wouldn’t want________.A) to be another war B) there is another warC) there to be another war D) there being another war143. In such case it is impossible ________ an escape of air from the container.A) there to be B) for there to beC) for there being D) there is144. ________a shop near our school is a great advantage.A) There being B) There to be C) There is D) For there being 145. ________ nothing else to do, we went home.A) There being B) There to be C) For there to be D) For there being 146. There is ________what may happen.A) not saying B) not to say C) not said D) no saying147. There is________.A) not useful staying on B) not use to stay onC) no use staying on D) no use to stay on148. It is ________ buying books but not reading them.A) useless B) not use C) useful D) no useless149. It is ________ spending so much money on one’s clothes.A) not worth B) not worthy C) no worth while D) not worthwhile 150. I hope________.A) seeing him again B) to see him again C) saw him again D) see him again 151. I hope ________.A) that you will see him again B) you to see him againC) your seeing him again D) you seeing him again152. We had hoped________.A) her changing her mind B) her to change her mind.C) that she changed her mind D) that she would change her mind153. I’m sorry I’ve kept________.A) you to wait B) you waitingC) you waited D) your waited154. ________ a good insulator, rubber is often used in cables.A) To be B) Being C) Was D) Be155. ________, water will dissolve almost any substance.A) Enough time granted B) Enough time givenC) Enough time granting D) Granted enough time156. This drink tastes a little________ to me.A) strongly B) strong C) so strong D) too much strong 157. This soup________.A) tastes onions B) tastes at onions C) tastes on onions D) tastes of onions 158. He found that the microbes made the food________.A) go bad B) go badly C) to go bad D) to go badly 159. The news is________ surprising.A) much B) very C) very much D) more160. The teacher say this is ________ for the beginners.A) too difficult a book B) a too difficult bookC) too difficult book D) difficult a book161. Helen is reading ________ .A) a detective, old, exciting story B) an exciting, old, detective storyC) an old, exciting, detective story D) an exciting, detective old, story162. Although he is ________ intelligent, he is ________ lazy.A) fairly…rather B) rather… fairlyC) fairly…little D) much… rather163. I can’t give you any answer yet. I’d like ________ more time to consider my decision.A) hardly B) rather C) fairly D) quite164. This book is ________ too difficult for me.A) fairly B) rather C) quite D) very165. We are ________ too pleased to work with them.A) very B) only C) merely D) fairly166. Beginners are ________ such mistakes.A) too difficulty to make B) too easy to makeC) easy enough to make D) too apt to make167. She’s ________ too young to travel alone.A) quite B) yet C) far D) very168. The raincoat is two sizes ________ for me.A) too large B) very large C) larger D) more large 169. Mary is looking forward to going back home. She said, “Christmas can’t come ___ soon.”A) so B) too C) rather D) enough 170. I can’t come tonight, It’ s________ impossible.A) fairly B) quite C) very D) rather171. No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell________.A) sleepy B) slept C) asleep D) sleeping172. I couldn’t find my Eng lish-Chinese dictionary________.A) anywhere B) everywhere C) somewhere D) nowhere173. Which do you think ________, wealth or health?A) good B) best C) well D) better174. London has a larger population________ in the United Kingdom.A) than any city B) than other cities C) than all the cities D) than all other cities 175. The climate of North China is different from________ .A) South China B) South China’s one C) South China’s D) that of South China 176. ________, the smaller its potential energy.A) The more stable a compound is considered B) The more stable is a compound consideredC) The more stable is considered a compound D) A compound is considered the more stable 177. Mr. Wong is ________ to our party.A) more than pleasing to come B) more pleased to come thanC) mom than pleased to come D) mom pleasing to come178. Our ears ________ us hearing.A) do more than to give B) do less than giveC) do more than give D) do less than to give179. The little man was ________ one meter fifty high.A) nearly more than几乎超过B) about more thanC) almost more than 几乎超过D) hardly more than 几乎不180. His lectures left me ________ .A) less than satisfactory B) much than satisfactoryC) far from satisfactory D) many satisfactory181. If they are not used correctly, the fertilizers can be ________.A) less harmful than useful B) harmful less than usefulC) more harmful than useful D) lesser harmful than useful182. This is ________ a matter of temperature ________ of food.A) so much …as B) so much … thanC) not so much … as D) such … as183. He has ________ money ________ you have.A) not more … as B) no more … asC) no more … than D) any … than184. He is ________ when he is working.A) the happiest B) more happy C) a few happy D) happiest185. He is the tallest ________ the class.A) of B) at C) in D) by186. The brown car is much ________ expensive than the black one.A) too B) little C) less D) most187. We’ll have ________ time to do ________ wonders.A) much more … many more B) many more … much moreC) much more … much more D) many more … many more188. He knows little of math,________ of chemistry.A) as well as B) and still less C) no less than D) and still more 189. “How about starting at 8 o’clock?”“It is all right________ me.”A) to B) at C) on D) with190. This box is________ that one.A) more square than B) squarer thanC) more nearly square than D) much square than191. My new glasses cost me ________ the last pair that I bought.A) three times as much as B) three times much asC) three time as many as D) as three times much as192. In fact her score was the same ________ .A) to mine B) as mine C) with mine D) like mine193. Jack is ________more intelligent than his brother.A) very B) so C) greatly D) far194. John did badly in the sports meet. I did ________ .A) even more badly B) even worst C) worse too D) even worse195. Can we do our work better with ________money and ________ people?A) less … fewer B) little … fewer C) few … less D) fewer … fewer 196. My wife has three brothers, all ________ than she ________, George is an officer.A) older … The eldest B) elder … The eldest C) elder … The oldest D) older … The oldest 197. “Do you have any idea what Hank does all day?”“I know he spends at least as much time watching TV as he________ .”A) writing B) does writing C) is writing D) does to write 198. His salary as a bus driver is much higher ________.A) in comparison with a teacher’s B) than that of a teacherC) than a teacher D) than of a teacher’s199. Tuition at an American University runs ________ five thousand dollars a semester.A) so high to B) so high as C) as high as D) as higher than 200. Nothing is ________ to stroll along the banks on a warm spring day.A) so pleased as B) so pleasantest as C) as more pleasant as D) as pleasanter as 201. The raincoat is two sizes________ for me.A) too large B) very large C) larger D) more large 202. We have learned five lessons and will have ________ this term.A) another six lessons to learn B) six more lessons to learnC) six lessons more learn D) six another lessons to learn203. I can’t come to your dinner party. I really would be ________, but I have a previous engagement.A) glad B) glad to have C) glad to D) glad to do it 204. This English novel ________ more easily than that one.A) reads B) to be read C) is read D) will be read 205. Why ________ your fishing rod too? We may have some spare time.A) do you bring B) not bring C) may you bring D) not you to bring 206. ________ arriving at the Town Ha11, the Queen was welcomed by the Mayer.A) At B) On C) In D) By207. I play bridge ________ you do.A) no better as B) no better thanC) rather better than D) not well as208. We do not hesitate to give up our lives for communism ________ suffer some hardships.A) much more B) not to mentionC) let alone D) to say nothing of209. Would you________ that children get enough outdoor exercises after class?A) see to B) to see it C) see it D) see to it210. Since it is already midnight, we ________.A) had better leaving B) should have our leaveC) ought to have leave D) might as well leave211. ________ English, he has to study German and French.A) Except B) Beyond C) But D) Besides212. The room is empty________ a chair.A) except B) except for C) excepting D) except t hat213. I saw everybody, not________ ill.A) except B) except for C) excepting D) except t hat214. She knew nothing________ he was there.A) except B) except for C) excepting D) except that215. I know better than________ him.A) believe B) to believe C) believing D) believed216. There________ to be a broadcast by President this evening.A) will be expected B) will expectC) is expected D) are expected2l7. His progress in these specialities was so rapid that he learned to do every ________ an impossibility for some one in a wheelchair.A) except operation B) but operateC) besides operation D) except for operation218. ________ from what the critics say, this new play is worth seeing.A) To be judged B) JudgingC) To judge D) Having been judged219. One foot nearer_______ you are a deadman.A) or B) but C) so D) and220. Hurry up________.A) and you’ll be late B) so you will be lateC) or else you’ll be late D) so that yo u’ll be late221. It must have rained later________ the river has risen.A) because B) so C) therefore D) for222. ________ is a pleasure to learn.A) There B) This C) That D) It223. They all considered ________ Prof, Ding’s suggestion wa s more practical.A) obvious that B) obvious it thatC) it obvious that D) that it obvious224. It _______ the busy port handles some five hundred ships every week.A) likely that B) are likely thatC) is likely D) is likely that225. _______ he had forgotten to take his notebook.A) That occurred that B) To him that occurredC) He occurred that D) It occurred to him that226. _______ most adopted children want to know who their natural parents are.A) It is reported B) It reportsC) There is reported that D) It is reported that227. I don’t know _______ you can recognize her from here.A) that B) what C) if D)which228. No one doubts ________ it is true.A) whether B) if C) that D) what229. I _______ to play chess with you.A) think he does not have time B) think he has not timeC) think he not have time D) don’t think he has tim e230. “Do you think we will have bad weather?”A) I don’t hope so B) I don’t hopeC) I hope not D) I hope not so231. The reason (that) she has been such a success is ________.A) because she never gives up B) that she never gives upC) because of she never gives up D) on account of she never gives up 232. ________ surprises many youngsters.A) Butterflies are insects B) Butterflies being insectsC) The fact that butterflies as insects D) The fact that butterflies are insects 233. I had hardly reached the airport_______ he started for his destination.A) where B) after C) since D) when234. I told him what we need _______ I saw him.A) minute B) moment C) just D) the minute 235. The machine will start ________ you press the button.A) when B) before C) instant D) instantly。

2024年山东专升本英语考试真题及答案一、词汇与语法（Vocabulary and Grammar）词汇（Vocabulary）1.The team’s victory was a__________ to their hard work.o A. testifyo B. testimonyo C. testifiedo D. testifieso参考答案：B. testimony2.The students were __________ to pay attention in class.o A. remindedo B. remindingo C. remindso D. remindero参考答案：A. reminded3.The book provides a detailed __________ of the events that led to the war.o A. accounto B. accountingo C. accountedo D. accountso参考答案：A. account4.The teacher __________ the students to follow the instructions carefully.o A. remindedo B. remindo C. remindingo D. remindero参考答案：A. reminded5.The athlete broke the world record, __________ his dominance in the sport.o A. illustrateo B. illustrativeo C. illustratedo D. illustrateso参考答案：D. illustrates（但原文中提供的答案为C，可能是出题时的误差，根据语法规则，此处应使用第三人称单数形式“illustrates”，故在此更正）语法（Grammar）6.My friend and I __________ going to the concert tonight.o A. iso B. areo C. amo D. will beo参考答案：B. are7.She __________ her job last month.o A. leaveo B. lefto C. leaveso D. leavingo参考答案：B. left8.The concert __________ by the time we arrived.o A. had finishedo B. finishedo C. finisheso D. finishingo参考答案：A. had finished9.I wish I __________ more time to study for the exam.o A. hado B. haveo C. haso D. will haveo参考答案：A. had10.He asked me __________ the report by Friday.o A. finisheso B. finishedo C. finisho D. finishingo参考答案：C. finish二、阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）以下是一篇阅读理解文章及问题：Climate change is a pressing issue that affects the entire planet. Risingtemperatures, extreme weather events, and melting ice caps are just a fewexamples of the impact of climate change. It is crucial that we take action toreduce our carbon footprint and protect the environment for future generations.Questions:1.What are some examples of the impact of climate change?o参考答案：Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and melting ice caps.2.Why is it important to take action to combat climate change?o参考答案：It is important to protect the environment for future generations.3.What can individuals do to reduce their carbon footprint?o参考答案：Individuals can reduce their carbon footprint by using public transportation, conserving energy, and recycling.（注意：由于阅读理解通常包含多篇文章及多个问题，这里仅提供了一篇示例文章及对应问题。

几道非谓语动词作1. He walked in, _____A____ a book in his hand, went to a table near the window and sat down in silence.A. carryingB. carriedC. to carryD. having carried【解析】答案选A. 此题考查分词作状语的用法. 首先不定式表示目的和将来可以排除；having done强调动作的完成，不符合题意，只剩下A和B，这是一个并列句，句中有三个谓语动词walked in, went to 和sat down. 句中的carrying a book in his hand是现在分词，用作状语，修饰walked in，表伴随. 提醒：此题易错选B.2. _____B_____for many years, the novelist suddenly became famous.A. having ignoredB. Having been ignoredC. to have been ignoredD. to be ignored【解析】正确答案为B. 此题考查分词作状语. 因ignored和the novelist是动宾关系，而不是主谓关系，即“被忽视”，故可排除表主动意义的A. 至于C和D，首先可排除D，因为它是不定式的一般式，表示将来意义，与句意不符；而C是不定式的完成式，一般不作时间状语.3. _____B_____ to the consumers, more and more advertisers are using images of pop stars in their ads.A. AppealedB. to appealedC. appealingD. to be appealed【解析】正确答案为B，考查不定式的用法. 首先可以排除A和D，因为appeal是不及物动词，不能用过去分词表被动，从句意来看，题目想表达的是为了吸引消费者，不定式作目的状语，而现在分词一般情况下不能表目的，所以选B.4.—What’s the matter with you?—____D___ the heavy suitcase, my waist was hurt unexpectedly.A. Having carriedB. CarriedC. While carryingD. While I was carrying【解析】正确答案为D，考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语. 一般说来，非谓语动词的逻辑主语需要和主句主语一致，此题中，主句的主语是my waist，而非谓语动词的逻辑主语是I，所以不能用非谓语动词，只能用状语从句，所以选D.5. ____D____with enough instruments necessary for the experiment, these scientists are expecting to finish it aheadof time.A. To be suppliedB. to suppliedC. supplyingD. supplied【解析】正确答案为D，考查非谓语动词作状语. 这句话的主语是scientists，与非谓语动词supply是动宾关系，也就是被提供，因此排除了B和C，不定式作状语表示将来和目的，与题意不符，所以选D.英语冠词典型考题讲练1. Tom owns ________ larger collection of ________ books than any other student in our class.A. the; 不填B. a; 不填C. a; theD.不填; the2. For a long time they walked without saying ________ word. Jim was the first to break ________ silence.A. the; aB. a; theC. a; 不填D. the; 不填3. When he left ________ college, he got a job as ________ reporter in a newspaper office.A.不填；aB.不填；theC. a ; theD. the ; the4. If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off ________ .A. a priceB. priceC. the priceD. prices5. ________ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is ________ major concern of the country.A. The; 不填B. The; aC. An; theD. An; 不填6. The Wilsons live in ________ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ________ 17th century cottage.A. the , /B. an, theC. /, theD. an, a7. When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to ________ hotel; I can find you ________ bed in my flat.A. the; aB. the; 不填C. a; theD. a; 不填8. When you finish reading this book, you will have ________ better understanding of ________ life.A. a, theB. the, aC. /, theD. a, /9. It is ________ world of wonders ________ world where anything can happen.A. a, theB. a, aC. the, aD.不填, 不填10.The most important thing about cotton in history is________ part that it played in________ Industrial Revolution.A.不填；不填B. the；不填C. the; theD. a; the11. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made ________ discover which completely changed ________ man’s understanding of colour.A. a…不填B. a…theC.不填…theD. the…a12.—I’d like ________ information about the management of your hotel, please.—Well, you could have ________ word with the manager. He might be helpful.A. some, aB. an, someC. some, someD. an, a13. Many people agree that ________ knowledge of English is a must in ________ international trade today.A. a; /B. the; anC. the; theD. /；the14.—Have you seen ________ pen? I left it here this morning.—Is it ________ black one? I think I saw it somewhere().A. a; theB. the; theC. the; aD. a; a15.Paper money was in________ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in________ thirteenth century.A. the; 不填B. the; theC.不填; theD.不填; 不填16. Most animals have little connection with ________ animals of ________ different kind unless they kill them for food.A. the; aB.不填; aC. the; theD.不填; the17. Jumping out of ________ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ________ exciting experience.A.不填, theB.不填, anC. an, anD. the, the18. The sign reads “In case of ________ fire, break the glass and press ________ red button. ”A. / ; aB. / ; theC. the; theD. a; a19. On ________ news today, there were ________ reports of heavy snow in that area.A. the; theB. the; 不填C.不填；不填D.不填；the1. B. 因为collection (收藏品，收集物) 是可数名词，此处为单数，又不是特指，所以用不定冠词；books是名词复数表示种类，而非特指，所以不用冠词. 又如：a fine collection of paintings精美的绘画收藏品.2. B. word (话、话语) 是可数名词，without saying a word意为“没说一句话”；虽然silence (沉默)是不可数名词，但此处是特指前面提到的那种沉默，所以用the.3.A. 因为school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, table, bed名词等指其用途时，不用冠词. leave college意为“大学毕业”. 又因为表示职业或身份的单数名词前通常要用不定冠词，所以选A.4. C. price前加定冠词表特指. 句意为“如果你买10个以上，他们会从那个价钱中减掉20便士”.5.B. 因为division后有介词短语between…and…的限制，这是特指的，所以要用the. 又因为concern作“所关切的事”解是可数名词，所以前面要用冠词.6. D. 因为house和cottage都是可数名词，且都不是特指，所以都用不定冠词. 句意是“威尔逊一家住在大海附近的一栋A形房子里，那是一座17世纪建的别墅”.7. A. 从next time可知，对方这次住了旅馆，第一空的hotel就是特指这个旅馆，所以用the；第二空的单数可数名词bed不是特指的，所以用不定冠词. 句意是：你下次来这里度假，就不要到这旅馆来住了，我在我的公寓里帮你弄张床.8. D. 虽然understanding是不可数名词，但作“了解、理解”解时，却常常要加不定冠词(尤其是当其前有形容词修饰时)，排除B和 C. 又因为life作“生活、人生”解，是不可数名词，不是特指，不用冠词. have a better understanding of life指“对生活有更深刻的理解”.9. B. 虽然通常说the world，但world有定语修饰时，表示“一个…的世界”时，要用不定冠词. 题中两个world 都有定语修饰，后者是前者的同位语，所以两个都用不定冠词. 句意是：这是一个奇妙的世界，一个什么事都有可能发生的世界.10.C. 因part后面有一定语从句修饰，是特指，用the；又因为“工业革命”是由普通名词构成的专有名词，所以前面也要用the.11. A. 因为discovery作“被发现的事物”讲是可数名词，前面用不定冠词，又如，make an important discovery scientific discovery (作出重大的科学发现). man作“人、人类”解，是既没有复数形式，也不能在前面加冠词的，understanding前又受名词所有格man’s修饰，也不能用冠词，所以第二空不用冠词.12. A. information 是不可数名词，前面不用冠词，因此排除B 和D；have a word with是固定短语，意为“和某人谈一下”. 句意为“我想请你帮我看一下旅馆的管理材料”. “好的，你可以和饭店经理谈，他会帮你的”.13. A. 此题考查不定冠词和不用冠词的情况. 抽象名词knowledge前加不定冠词a使其具体化，a knowledge of English意为“懂英语”；而international trade是泛指，意为“国际贸易”，前面不用冠词. 句意为“很多人认为懂英语是当今国际贸易所必需的”.14.D. 此题在特定语境中考查不定冠词的用法. 第一句句意为“你看见一支钢笔吗？”是泛指，用不定冠词. 第二空“是黑色的吗？”不是二次提及上文的钢笔，也是泛指，故也用不定冠词.15. C. (be) in use是固定词组,意为“在使用中”；第二空是序数词前要加定冠词，the thirteenth century 指第13世纪. 句意为“十三世纪马可波罗访问中国时，中国已用纸币”.16. B. animals 是名词复数表示泛指，不用冠词；kind是单数可数名词，of…kind“…种类的”. 根据句意“多数动物与另一类的动物没有关系，除非它们以其为食”. 可指应用a表示泛指.17. C. 句意为“从一万英尺高的飞机里跳出来是一次非常激动人心的经历”. airplane表泛指，以元音开头用an；experience当“经历”讲时是可数名词，因此表示“一次经历”要加不定冠词.18. B. fire泛指“火灾,失火”，不用冠词；red button 是特指，第二空用the. 句意为“那块牌子上写着：“万一失火，打碎这块玻璃，按那个红色按钮”.19. B. 第一空用the表示特指“今日的新闻”；第二空reports是复数名词表泛指，不加冠词. 句意为“在今天的新闻中有关于那个地区的大雪的报道”.英语基础语法常考题·附解析1. ─What are you reading, Jane?─Some books on ________ education, I’m now intereste d in ________ education of young people.A. an; theB. /; theC. the; anD. an；/2. —You were out when I dropped in at your house yesterday.—Oh, I________ for a friend from Beijing at the railway station.A. was waitingB. had waitedC. am waitingD. have waited3. —Little Jim has been eating sweets all day.—It’s no ________ he is not hungryA. matterB. doubtC. problemD. wonder4. Comrade Wang ________ be in Shanghai—I saw him in the company only a few minutes ago.A. m ustn’tB. can’tC. may notD. i sn’t able to5. It was not until I got home ________ I found my wallet missing.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. which6. The number of the people present at the concert ________ much smaller than expected. There ________ many tickets left.A. was; wasB. were; wasC. were; wereD. was; were7. ________ you stepped into the la b with your shoes on? You’re supposed to take them off before you enter it. I told you so!A. How comeB. How dareC. How aboutD. How long88. They made no effort to hide their amusement ________ I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever9. ________ her work has been good, but this essay is dreadfulA. In a wordB. In generalC. In particularD. In total10. She returned home from the office, only ________ the door open and something missing.A. findingB. to be foundC. to findD. found11. We should ________ ourselves assiduously and faithfully to the duties of our profession.A. devoteB. spendC. offerD. provide12. The Anti- Japanese War ________ in 1937 and it ________ eight years.A. broke out; lastedB. broke out; was lastedC. was broken out; lastedD. was broken out; was lasted13. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building ________others were waiting on the airfield.A. duringB. whereC. whichD. while14. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. Which15. —Let’s go to the zoo this Sunday, OK?—________. I love to see all kinds of animals.A. I couldn’t agree moreB. I’m afraid notC. I believe notD. I don’t think so1. B. 第一个education 意为“教育；教育学”，为不可数名词，因此不用冠词；而第二个education 表示特指，意为“年轻人的教育”，因此用定冠词，故答案为B.2. A. 根据上句中的时间状语的提示可知谓语动词是指过去某时正在发生的事情，因此用过去进行时态，故答案为A.3. D. 上句“小吉姆整天在吃糖果”是“他不饿”的原因，因此答案为D. no wonder 意为“难怪，不足为怪. ”4. B. 情态动词must 表推测时只能用于肯定句. 在否定句中用can’t代替must. can’t 意为“不可能”；may not 意为“可能不”；be able to 表示经过努力或克服了困难之后做成了某事的能力，意为“能，会”. 句中的破折号起解释说明的作用. “我几分钟前在公司见过他”，因此“不可能在上海”，故答案为B.5. A. 强调句的基本结构由“It is / was +被强调部分+ that / who + 句子其余部分”组成，如果被强调的是人用that 或who；其他用that. 句意为：到了家我才发现我的钱包不见了.6. D. the number of 修饰可数名词复数作主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式；There be 必须与后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致. tickets 为复数名词，因此用were. 故答案为D.7. A. how come 意为“怎么”；how dare 意为“怎敢”；how about 意为“怎麽样”；how long 意为“多久”. 根据语境“怎么穿着鞋进了实验室？进来之前你该脱掉. 我早告诉过你”可知答案为A.8. D. 此题考查whenever 引导的时间状语从句. 句意为“每当我从衣袋里拿出一包糖果的时候，他们毫不掩饰他们觉得好笑”.9. B. in a word 意为“总之”；in general 意为“一般地；大体上；通常”；in particular 意为“特别”；in total 意为“整个地；总共”. 根据句意“总的说来，她的作品不错，不过这篇文章糟透了”答案为B.10. C. 作结果状语时，不定式常表示没有预料到的情况或结果，即预料之外；而分词常表示一种自然而然的结果，即预料之中. 根据语境“发现门开着，有东西丢了”是他没想到的，因此可知应用不定式. 又因句子的主语he 与动词find是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用主动语态，因此答案为C().11. A. devote…to 为习惯用语，意为“把……献给；把……专用于”. 句意为“我们应当勤奋地而且忠诚地献身于我们的职责. ”12. A. break out 和last 都是不及物动词，都不能用于被动语态，因此答案为A. 句意为“抗日战争1937 年爆发，持续了八年. ”13. D. while 作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况，意为“而、却”. 句意为“当飞机抵达时,一部分侦探等在主楼里面，而另一部分则等在停机坪上. ”14. B. as 和which 引导非限定性定语从句，都可以指整个句子，有时可以通用. 但as 引导的非限定性定语从句可以放在句首，也可以放在句中. which 只能放在句中. 句意为“周所周知，台湾是中国的一部分. ”15. A. 上句提出建议“我们周日去动物园好吗？”根据答语中的后句“我喜欢看各种动物”可知是表示赞成对方的建议，故答案为A. 意为“我非常赞成. ”1. “May I borrow your paper?” “ ________.”A. By all meansB. Never mindC. You are welcomeD. Don’t mention it2. This bird is really lovely, and I’ve never seen ________ one.A. a finerB. a finestC. the finerD. the finest3. Since there’s no more wo rk to do, we might just ________ go home.A. so wellB. as wellC. so goodD. as good4. He made ________ known to his friends that he didn’t want to enter politics.A. thatB. itC. himselfD. him5. That car nearly hit me; I ________.A. might be killedB. might have been killedC. may be killedD. may been killed6. “Have you ever eaten snails?” “No, and I hope I ________.”A. will neverB. never willC. have neverD. never have7. She wrote a famous book, and so ________ a place in history.A. winningB. to winC. to have wonD. won8. I’ll have to change my clothes before I go out —I don’t want ________ like this.A. to seeB. seeingC. to be seenD. being seen9. We make sure we’re always we ll stocked up with candles, just ________.A. in caseB. for certainC. in practiceD. for use10. It’s hard to rescue drowning people because they ________ so much.A. sinkB. swimC. jumpD. struggle11. It has been raining for a day, but even thoug h it hadn’t rained, w e ________ there by tomorrow.A. can’t getB. wo n’t getC. hadn’t gotD. wouldn’t get12. The little time we have together we try ________ wisely.A. spending itB. to spend itC. to spendD. spending that13. You should put on the notices ________ all the people may see them.A. whereB. in whichC. atD. for them14. She took her son, ran out of the house, ________ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest doctor’s office.A. putB. to putC. puttingD. having put15. The old house, in front of ________ there is an apple tree, is ________ I used to live.A. that, the placeB. it, the placeC. which, whereD. what, where1. A. by all means 表示同意，意为“完全可以”.2. A. I’ve never seen a finer one 的实际意思是This is the finest one I’ve ever seen.3. B. might just as well (后接动词原形)的意思是“不如……”或“还是……的好”.4. B. it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是that he didn’t want to enter politics.5. B. 表示过去可能发生而实际上未发生的事，用might+动词完成式. 若只是推测过去可能的事，则可用may [might] + 动词完成式，如He may [might] have gone. 他可能已经走了.6. B. 根据句意，填空处应用将来时态(实为将来时态的省略式)；另外注意，频度副词本来通常置于助动词之后，但是若省略主要动词，即当频度副词和助动词置于句末时，应将频度副词置于助动词之前.7. D. and so won a place…可视为and so he won a place…之省略.8. C. want 表示“想要”时，其后通常接不定式，又由于主语与see 之间含有被动关系，故用被动式.9. A. in case 在此表示“以防万一”.10. D. 由句意和常识推知.11. A. we can’t get there by tomorrow 为客观事实，故宜用陈述语气.12. C. 该句的正常词序为We try to spend the little time we have together wisely.13. A. where 指“在……的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句.14. A. 句中四个动词为并列谓语，应时态一致().15. C. 第一空应填which，in front of which there is an apple tree 为修饰the old house 的非限制性定语从句；第二空填where，用以引导表语从句.典型定语从句易错题详解■The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.A. which wasB. it wasC. which wereD. them were【易错】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语.【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was. 请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.A. which isB. it isC. which areD. them are(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.A. which areB. it isC. which isD. them are(3) Ne xt month we’ll mo ve to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A. which areB. it isC. which isD. them are■A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what【易错】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语.【分析】最佳答案为C. 以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤. 此题选C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？■ _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What【易错】容易误选A，认为此处应填一个形式主语.【分析】最佳答案是B. as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句. 比较下面一题：_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What此题答案选A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句.再比较下面一组题，其中第(1)题选B，第(2)题选D：(1) ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It(2) ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It■ David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom【易错】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式. 况且，这样理解意思也还通顺.【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such … that …，句末的动词like 缺宾语. 选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”. 有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词as 来引导，而不用that. 比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like 后有自己的宾语him：David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom请再做以下试题（答案选D）：It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.A. likeB. thatC. whichD. as■ The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. thatB. itC. themD. which【易错】容易误选C，用them 代指the buses.【分析】最佳答案是D. most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰the buses. 类似地，以下各题也选D：(1) His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. thatB. itC. themD. which(2) Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.A. thatB. itC. themD. which(3) This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.A. thatB. itC. themD. which类似地，以下各题选whom，不选them：(4) George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A. thatB. himC. themD. whom(5) Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A. thatB. whoC. themD. whom(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.A. thatB. whoC. themD. whom■ He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.A. whomB. themC. whichD. who【易错】容易误选B，用them 代指students.【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句. 假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B. 比较以下各题(答案均选A)：(1) He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that(2) He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.A. themB. whichC. whatD. that(3) He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A. whomB. themC. whichD. who(4) He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.A. themB. whomC. whichD. who■ He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.A. whomB. themC. whichD. who【易错】容易误选A，认为这是非限制性定语从句.【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词. 当然，假若在invited 前加上助动词were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A. 比较：(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的carried out 为过去分词.(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were.(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句.■ On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that【易错】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句.【分析】最佳答案是A. 与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为seat 作动词用时，是及物动词. 比较以下相似题：(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选B. whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语were seated.(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选A. 因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句.(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选A. their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构.(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选B. whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语sat.(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选B. whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语were sitting.■ If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that【易错】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句.【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语. 类似地，下面几道题也选that，而不选which：(1) If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.A. asB. whichC. and itD. that(2) If you want a double room, _____ will cost another ￡15.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that(3) Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.A. thatB. whichC. and itD. so(4) When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that■She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.A. whichB. whenC. howD. where【易错】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词where.【分析】正确答案为A. 在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分. 一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词. 上面一题中的动词spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词which或that. 比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company.A. whichB. whenC. howD. where请再做一组试题(答案均选A)：(1) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.A. whichB. whenC. howD. where选A，which 在定语从句中用作动词bought 的宾语.(2) Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.A. whichB. whenC. howD. where选A，which 在定语从句中用作主语.(3) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. which选A，where 在定语从句中用作状语.英语时态考题专练（有详解）1. We ________ to move but are still considering where to go to.A. are decidingB. decidedC. have decidedD. had decided2. I left my pen on the desk and now it’s gone; who ________ it?A. tookB. has takenC. will takeD. had taken3.They won’t buy any new clothes because they ________ money to buy a new car.A. saveB. were savingC. have savedD. are saving4. I ________ your last point — could you say it again?A.didn’t quite catchB.don’t quite catchC.hadn’t quite catchD.can’t quite catch5.—Are you a teacher?—I ________, but now I am working in a company.A. isB. amC. wasD. had6. I feel sure I ________ her somewhere before.A. was to meetB. have metC. had metD. would meet7.—Does Liu Hui serve in the army?—No, but he ________ in the army for three years.A. servedB. has servedC. is servingD. would serve8.—Tom came back home yesterday.—Really? Where ________ at all?A. had he beenB. has he beenC. had he goneD. has he gone9. Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Professor Smith ________, so we only had time for a few words.A. has just leftB. had just leftC. just leftD. was just leaving10.—I’m sorry; I shouldn’t have been so rude to you.—You ________ your temper but that’s OK.A. have lostB. had lostC. did loseD. were losing11.—You must have met him the other day.—Oh, no, I ________.A.hadn’tB.mustn’tC.haven’tD.didn’t12.—Will you go to the park now?—Not until I ________ my physics exercises.A. will finishB. have finishedC. will have finishedD. had finished13.—Did you enjoy the film?—Yes, it’s the best one I ________ these years.A. hadB. have hadC. had hadD. would have14.—Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?—Yes, he did. He ________ his old friends for a long time.A.didn’t seeB.wouldn’t seeC.hasn’t seenD.hadn’t seen15. When I called you this morning, nobody answered the phone. Where ________?A. did you goB. have you goneC. were youD. had you been16. She ought to stop working; she has a headache because she ________ too long.A. has been readingB. had readC. is readingD. read17.—Why do you look worried?—Fred left the company half an hour ago. His work ________ unfinished since.A. leftB. was leftC. has leftD. has been left18.—You could have asked Mr. Johnson for help. He is kind-hearted.—I ________ that. A whole day ________.A. forget; wastesB. forgot; was wastedC. forgot; had wastedD. forget; was wasted19.You’d better not phone the manager between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening; he ________ an important meeting then.A. will haveB. would haveC. will be havingD. will have had20.—I’m sorry, but the boss isn’t here yet. Shall I have him call you when he comes back?—No, I’ll call him back. If I call again in half an hour, do you think she ________ ?A. had arrivedB. has arrivedC. will arriveD. will have arrived21.—What’s wr ong with your coat?—Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ________on it.A. satB. had satC. had been sittingD. was sitting22.—Why weren’t you at the meeting?—I ________ for a long-distance call from my aunt in America.A. waitedB. was waitingC. had been waitingD. had waited23.—Will you attend the meeting this evening?—But I ________ told anything about it.A.wasn’tB. am notC.haven’t beenD.won’t be24.— What did you think of Act I of the play last night?—I’m sorry. The play ________ when I got there.A. had been startedB. had been on for half an hourC. was to startD. had begun for half an hour25.—Why did you come by bus?—My car broke down yesterday evening and I ________ it repaired.A.didn’t haveB.don’t haveC.won’t haveD.haven’t had1. C. 用现在完成时表示影响，即指现在已经作出决定.2. B. 用现在完成时表示影响或结果，即现在笔不见了，是由于某人已经把它拿走了的结果.3. D. 用现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作.4. A. 从下文的语境看，既然现在叫对方重复一遍，说明“没听清对方的最后一点”应发生在过去（即说此话之前）.5. C. 这时用一般过去时表示过去曾经是老师，但现在不是了.6. B. before 用作副词时不与具体时间连用，泛指“以前”，通常与一般过去时或现在完成时连用.7. A. 由no是对前句的否定可知现在不在部队服役，是以前“服过役”，故用一般过去时.8. A. have been to…去过某地(已回来)，have gone to…到某地去了(没回来)；又因为问的是Tom回来之前到去过某地，故用过去完成时态.9. D. 从“我们只谈了几句话”可知，当我们去拜访时，Professor Smith“正要”离开了，D是过去进行时表示过去将来意义.10. C. 上句“我本不该对你那么无礼”是对过去情况的自责，答语“你当时的确很生气”，用一般过去时，did 在lose 前表示强调.11. D. 问句是对过去情况的猜测，所以答句用一般过去时. I didn’t是I didn’t meet him the other day 的省略.12. B. 因为在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时代替一般将来时. 若强调从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，用现在完成时代替将来完成时，本题属后一种情况.13. B. 因为these years 是包括现在在内的，故用现在完成时.14. D. 由于见朋友发生在过去(即昨天)，而很久没有见到朋友自然是昨天的见面之前，即属于过去的过去，故用过去完成时.15. C. 句子的前半句说上午打电话时没有人接电话，而后半句问对方当时在什么地方. 显然，句子前后两部分的时间应一致，即用一般过去时.16. A. 从第一句话She ought to stop working 可知“他仍然在学习”，故后面用现在完成进行时态.17. D. 受前一句left的影响，易误选B. 题干中的since说明此处应用现在完成时态. 从问句中也可看出来，此处强调动作对现在的影响，故要用现在完成时的被动式.18. B. 说话之前“忘了”，故用一般过去时态；第二空应用一般过去时的被动语态形式.19. C. 指将来某时或某段时间正发生的事用将来进行时.20. D. 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作，而将来完成时表示将来某个时间之前已经发生或完成的动作. 根据语境可知是强调将来的结果，应用将来完成时.21. C. 意思是：刚才我想下公共汽车时，(我才发现)靠近我坐的那个人一直坐在我的外衣上. 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到另一过去时间仍在进行的动作或状态用过去完成进行时.。

普通高校专升本英语词汇语法专项强化真题试卷3(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．(2004) It is only____walk to go there on foot.A．ten minutesB．ten minutes’C．ten minute’sD．ten-minutes’s正确答案：B 涉及知识点：词法2．(2004)The bus was held up on the way to the airport, otherwise I____the plane.A．must catchB．have caughtC．could have caughtD．ought to catch正确答案：C 涉及知识点：词法3．We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ ve decided to______it. It might be valuable.A．hold on toB．keep up withC．turn toD．look after正确答案：A解析：hold on to：不送，不卖，保留；keep up with：跟上，赶上；turn to：转向，求助于；look after：照顾，照看。

根据句意可知，选A。

4．Physics________my favorite subject when I studied in the university.A．wereB．wasC．isD．are正确答案：B解析：动词时态和主谓一致。

由从句中的studied一词可知，主句应用一般过去时。

另外，以一ics结尾表示学科的名词一般要求谓语用单数形式，physics 意为“物理，物理学”。

故选B。

5．My English teacher warned me______Chinese in the classroom.A．to not speakB．don’t speakC．to speak notD．not to speak正确答案：D解析：warn sb．not to do sth．是固定结构，意思是：“告诫某人要做某事”。

第一章基本句型（附练习题和详细解析）一.知识框架图 1 基本句型二.知识梳理（一）主语+谓语这个句型里的谓语是不及物动词vi.，由于不及物动词本身就可以表达完整的概念，后面不需要宾语及补语，有时后面会接副词或者介词短语。

也就是说不及物动词后不用接宾语，句子意思已经完整，如果不及物动词要接宾语需要先加介词。

The rain stopped.主谓These children are playing.主谓The sun rises in the east.主谓状（二）主语+谓语+宾语这个句型里的谓语是及物动词vt.，及物动词本身无法表达完整的概念，需要名词、代词等成分做宾语。

也就是说，及物动词后面必须接宾语，句子意思才完整。

He likes English.主谓宾My mother is doing housework.主谓宾These children are playing football.主谓宾通过句型1“主语+谓语”和句型2“主语+谓语+宾语”的解读，我们可以看到一个规律：对于一个句子，首先要有动词，动词前是主语，动词后是宾语。

（三）主语+谓语+间宾+直宾该句型中的谓语动词是双宾动词，其后所接成分有“人”又有“物”。

一般来说指“人”表示动作的接受者，称为间接宾语。

“物”表示动作作用的对象，是动作的承受者，称为直接宾语。

I gave him my book.主谓间接宾语直接宾语Smith bought the boy a toy.主谓间接宾语直接宾语My mother wrote me a letter.主谓间接宾语直接宾语如何检验是否为该句型？两个宾语可以调换位置，需增加相应的介词to/for。

例如：I gave you a book. = I gave a book to you.我给你了一本书。

He bought the boy a toy. = He bought a toy for the boy.他给这个男孩儿买了一个玩具。

普通高校专升本英语词汇语法专项强化真题试卷34(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．The people living in these apartments have free______to that swimming pool.A．accessB．excessC．excursionD．recreation正确答案：A解析：access：接近的机会，使用的权利；excess：过量，过分；excursion：远足，游览；recreation：消遣，娱乐。

故have access to(有权使用)符合题意。

2．People in some parts of the world often take their water for______. They use as much water as they wish.A．grantedB．sureC．certainD．pleasure正确答案：A解析：take sth．for granted认为……理所当然，想当然的，固定搭配。

3．One of my______sayings is “where there is a will, there is a way. “A．likelyB．favorableC．alikeD．favorite正确答案：D解析：我最喜欢的谚语之一是：有志者事竟成。

Favorite最喜爱的，其他选项与句子意思不符合。

4．If it______in the early April, the crops wouldn’t be growing so well now.A．didn’t rainB．wasn’t rainedC．hadn’t rainedD．was not raining正确答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气的非真实条件句的用法。

在非真实条件句的从句中，谓语动词在动词时态上一般要求为：表示现在的非真实条件一般采用动词过去时形式；表示过去的非真实条件一般采用动词的过去完成时形式；表示将来的非真实条件一般采用动词过去时形式或动词过去将来时形式。

普通高校专升本英语词汇语法专项强化真题试卷6(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．(2004)He didn’t remember____the book and said be would give it to me the next day.A．to returnB．to be returnC．returningD．being returned正确答案：C 涉及知识点：语法2．I only work_________weekdays,not_________weekends.A．on;onB．at;atC．on;atD．at;on正确答案：C解析：词语搭配。

句意：我只在工作日上班，周末不上班。

on weekdays：在工作日；at weekends：在周末。

3．Only in this way _____get rid of your headache.A．can youB．you canC．you willD．do you正确答案：A解析：倒装句型。

句意：只有用这种方式你才能治好你的头痛。

only+状语置句首后面主谓半倒装，助动词提到主语前面。

故选A。

4．I tried to catch the ball but it was______my reach.A．overB．aboveC．outD．beyond正确答案：D解析：本题考点为介词辨析。

选项A和B一般不和one’s reach构成搭配，而选项C缺少of，无法和one’s reach构成搭配。

正确用法是beyond／out of one’s reach。

因此正确答案为D。

5．A great many cancers can be cured but only if______ before they have begun spread or “colonize” in other parts of the body.A．properly treatB．properly treatingC．being properly treatedD．properly treated正确答案：D解析：很多癌症是可以治愈的，只要在癌细胞扩散到身体其他地方之前被正确的治疗。

专升本24套语法练习题专升本英语语法练习题（一）一、单项选择（每题2分，共20分）1. The company is reported in the local newspaper _______ a new branch in the city.A. to openB. openingC. to have openedD. having opened2. _______ the problem, the committee held a meeting last week.A. To solveB. SolvingC. SolvedD. Being solved3. _______ the book, he went out of the room.A. Having readB. To readC. ReadingD. Read4. The weather turned out to be very good, _______ was more than we could expect.A. thatB. whichC. itD. what5. _______ the truth, he didn't pass the exam.A. TellingB. ToldC. To tellD. Having told二、完形填空（每题2分，共20分）In the past, people used to think that the Earth was flat. However, with the development of science and technology, it has been proven that the Earth is round. The ancient Greeks were the first to suggest that the Earth was spherical. They observed that ships disappeared over the horizon with thehull (船体) first and the mast (桅杆) last. This observation led them to believe that the Earth must be curved.The ancient Greeks also noticed that during a lunar eclipse (月食), the shadow of the Earth on the Moon was round. This provided further evidence that the Earth was round. Additionally, they observed that stars appeared to move in a circular path across the sky, which also suggested that the Earth was round.Eratosthenes, a Greek mathematician and geographer, calculated the circumference (周长) of the Earth. He measured the angle of the Sun's rays at two different locations and found that the difference in the angle was equal to thedifference in the circumference of the Earth. Thiscalculation provided strong evidence that the Earth was round.Today, we know that the Earth is not a perfect sphere but an oblate spheroid (扁球体), which means it is slightlyflattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. This shape is due to the Earth's rotation, which causes the equator to bulge out slightly.三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）Passage 1The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and live. It has made information more accessible and has connected people from all over the world. With the rise of social media, people can now share their thoughts, ideas, and experiences with others instantly. This has led to a more connected and global society.However, the Internet also has its downsides. Cyberbullying, privacy issues, and the spread of misinformation are some of the problems that have arisen with the widespread use of the Internet. It is important for individuals to be aware ofthese issues and to take steps to protect themselves and others.Questions:1. What has the Internet made more accessible?A. InformationB. CommunicationC. WorkD. All of the above2. What is one of the problems that has arisen with the widespread use of the Internet?A. CyberbullyingB. Privacy issuesC. The spread of misinformationD. All of the above四、翻译（每题10分，共20分）1. 随着科技的发展，越来越多的人开始使用智能手机。

专升本英语词汇和语法结构专项强化真题试卷4(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.1．He pointed at the new car and asked,” ______ is it? Have you ever seen it before?”A．WhyB．WhereC．WhoD．Whose正确答案：D解析：句意：他指着那辆新轿车问道：“那辆车是谁的?你以前见过吗?”疑问代词whose用来询问物品的所有者，意为“谁的(东西)”。

why为什么；where 哪里；who谁。

2．My father asked ______ to help with his work.A．I and TomB．Tom and meC．me and TomD．Tom and I正确答案：B解析：句意：我的父亲叫我和汤姆帮他干活。

单数人称并列时，顺序为“第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”；复数人称并列时，顺序为“第一人称，第二人称，第三人称”。

此处为单数人称并列作宾语，故选Tom and me。

3．Nowadays little knowledge ______ to be a dangerous thing.A．seemB．seemedC．does seemD．do seem正确答案：C解析：句意：如今，知识匮乏似乎的确是一件危险的事。

由句首的nowadays 可以判断，该句的时态为一般现在时，故排除B项。

little knowledge表示的是否定意义，是不可数名词，故谓语动词要用单数，故排除A项和D项。

does在这里是助动词，表示强调。

4．John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages ______ in the dictionary.A．lackingB．losingC．missingD．dropping正确答案：C解析：句意：约翰向书店老板投诉，说字典中缺少了好几页。