Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops （啤酒花）, for example, which give many a modem beer its bitter flavor, are a __26__ recent addition to the beverage. This was first mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a __27__ ingredient in residue （残留物）from 5000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While digging two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots and vessels. The different shapes of the containers __28__ they were used to brew, filter, and store beer. They may be ancient “beer-making tools”，and the earliest __29__ evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To __30__ that theory, the team examined the yellowish, dried __31__ inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from cereal crops like barley （大麦）and about 10% were bits of roots __32__ lily, which would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: the crop was domesticated in Western Eurasia and didn’t become a __33__ food in central China until about 2,000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they indicate barley may have __34__ in the region not as food, but as __35__ material for beer brewing.
A)arrived
B)consuming
C)direct
D)exclusively
E)including
F)inform
G)raw
H)reached
I)relatively J)remains K)resources L)staple
M)surprising N)Suggest O)Test
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Blessing and Curse of the People Who Never Forget
A handful of people can recall almost every day of their lives in enormous detail-and after years of research, neuroscientists are finally beginning to understand how they do it.
[A] For most of us, memory is a mess of blurred and faded pictures of our lives. As much as we would like to cling on to our past, even the saddest moments can be washed away with time.
[B] Ask Nima Veiseh what he was doing for any day in the past 15 years, however, and he will give you the details of the weather, what he was
wearing, or even what side of the train he was sitting on his journey to work. “My memory is like 汪library of video tapes, walk-throughs of every day of my life from waking to sleeping,”he explains.
[C] Veiseh can even put a date on when those tapes started recording: 15 December 2000, when he met his first girlfriend at his best friend’s 16th birthday party. He had always had a good memory, but the thrill of young love seems to have shifted a gear in his mind: from now on, he would start recording his whole life in detail. “I could tell you everything about every day after that.”
[D] Needless to say, people like Veiseh are of great interest to neuroscientists （神经科学专家）hoping to understand the way the brain records our lives. A couple of recent papers have finally opened a window on these people’s extraordinary minds. And such research might even suggest ways for us all to relive our past with greater clarity.
[E] “Highly superior autobiographical memory”(or HSAM for short), first came to light in the early 2000s, with a young woman named Jill Price. Emailing the neuroscientist and memory researcher Jim McGaugh one day, she claimed that she could recall every day of her life since the age of 12. Could he help explain her experiences?
[F] McGaugh invited her to his lab, and began to test her: he would give her a date and ask her to tell him about the world events on that day. True to her word, she was correct almost every time.
[G] It didn’t take long for magazines and documentary film-makers to come to understand her “total recall”, and thanks to the subsequent media interest, a few dozen other subjects (including Veiseh) have since come forward and contacted the team at the University of California, Irvine.
[H] Interestingly, their memories are highly self-centred: although they can remember “autobiographical”life events in extraordinary detail, they seem to be no better than average at recalling impersonal information, such as random （任意选取的）lists of words. Nor are they necessarily better at remembering a round of drinks, say. And although their memories are vast, they are still likely to suffer from “false memories' Clearly, there is no such thing as a “perfect”memory~~their extraordinary minds are still using the same flawed tools that the rest of us rely on. The question is, how?
[I] Lawrence Patihis at the University of Southern Mississippi recently
studied around 20 people with HSAM and found that they scored particularly high on two measures: fantasy proneness （倾向）and absorption. Fantasy proneness could be considered a tendency to imagine and daydream, whereas absorption is the tendency to allow your mind to become fully absorbed in an activity to pay complete attention to the sensations (感受)and the experiences. “I’m extremely sensitive to sounds, smells and visual detail,”explains Nicole Donohue, who has taken part in many of these studies. “I definitely feel things more strongly than the average person.”
[J] The absorption helps them to establish strong foundations for recollection, says Patihis, and the fantasy proneness means that they revisit those memories again and again in the coming weeks and months. Each time this initial memory trace is “replayed”，it becomes even stronger. In some ways, you probably go through that process after a big event like your wedding day but the difference is that thanks to their other psychological tendencies, the HSAM subjects are doing it day in, day out, for the whole of their lives.
[K] Not everyone with a tendency to fantasise will develop HSAM, though, so Patihis suggests that something must have caused them to think so much about their past. “Maybe some experience in their
childhood meant that they became obsessed (着迷）with calendars and what happened to them,”says Patihis.
[L] The people with HSAM Fve interviewed would certainly agree that it can be a mixed blessing. On the plus side, it allows you to relive the most transformative and enriching experiences. Veiseh, for instance, travelled a lot in his youth. In his spare time, he visited the local art galleries, and the paintings are now lodged deep in his autobiographical memories.
[M] “Imagine being able to remember every painting, on every wall, in every gallery space, between nearly 40 countries,”he says. “That’s a big education in art by itself.”With this comprehensive knowledge of the history of art, he has since become a professional painter.
[N] Donohue, now a history teacher, agrees that it helped during certain parts of her education: “I can definitely remember what I learned on certain days at school. I could imagine what the teacher was saying or what it looked like in the book.”
[O] Not everyone with HSAM has experienced these benefits, however. Viewing the past in high definition can make it very difficult to get over pain and regret. “It can be very hard to forget embarrassing moments,”
says Donohue. “You feel the same emotions—it is just as raw, just as fresh…ou can’t turn off that stream of memories, no matter how hard you try.”Veiseh agrees: “It is like having these open wounds they are just a part of you,”he says.
[P]This means they often have to make a special effort to lay the past to rest. Bill, for instance, often gets painful “flashbacks”, in which unwanted memories intrude into his consciousness, but overall he has chosen to see it as the best way of avoiding repeating the same mistakes. “Some people are absorbed in the past but not open to new memories, but that’s not the case for me. I look forward to each day and experiencing something new.”
36.People with HSAM have the same memory as ordinary people when it comes to impersonal information.
37.Fantasy proneness will not necessarily cause people to develop HSAM.
38.Veiseh began to remember the details of his everyday experiences after he met his first young love.
39. Many more people with HSAM started to contact researchers due to the mass media.
40. People with HSAM often have to make efforts to avoid
focusing on the past.
41. Most people do not have clear memories of past events.
42. HSAM can be both a curse and a blessing.
43. A young woman sought explanation from a brain scientist when she noticed her unusual memory.
44. Some people with HSAM find it very hard to get rid of unpleasant memories.
45. A recent study of people with HSAM reveals that they are liable to fantasy and full absorption in an activity.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
The phrase almost completes itself: midlife crisis. It’s the stage in the middle of the journey when people feel youth vanishing, their prospects narrowing and death approaching.
There’s only one problem with the cliche （套话）. It isn’t true.
“In fact, there is almost no hard evidence for midlife crisis other than a few small pilot studies conducted decades ago,”Barbara Hagerty writes in her new book, Life Reimagined. The bulk of the research shows that there may be a pause, or a shifting of gears in the 40s or 50s, but this shift “can be exciting, rather than terrifying.”
Barbara Hagerty looks at some of the features of people who turn midlife into a rebirth. They break routines, because “autopilot is death.” They choose purpose over happiness —having a clear sense of purpose even reduces the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. They give priority to relationships, as careers often recede （逐渐淡化）.
Life Reimagined paints a picture of middle age that is far from gloomy. Midlife seems like the second big phase of decision-making. Your identity has been formed; you’ve built up your resources; and now you have the chance to take the big risks precisely because your foundation is already secure.
Karl Barth described midlife precisely this way. At middle age, he wrote, “the sowing is behind; now is the time to reap. The run has been taken; now is the time to leap. Preparation has been made; now is the time for the venture of the work itself.”
The middle-aged person, Barth continued, can see death in the distance, but moves with a “measured haste” to get big new things done while there is still time.
What Barth wrote decades ago is even truer today. People are healthy and energetic longer. We have presidential candidates running for their first term in office at age 68, 69 and 74.
A longer lifespan is changing the narrative structure of life itself. What could have been considered the beginning of a decent is now a potential turning point the turning point you are most equipped to take full advantage of.
46. What does the author think of the phrase “midlife crisis”？
A) It has led to a lot of debate.
B) It is widely acknowledged.
C) It is no longer fashionable.
D) It misrepresents real life.
【答案】D
【解析】本题定位在第二段。
47. How does Barbara Hagerty view midlife?
A) It may be the beginning of a crisis.
B) It can be a new phase of one’s life.
C) It can be terrifying for the unprepared.
D) It may see old-age disease approaching.
【答案】B
【解析】根据题干中的关键词Barbara Hagerty可定位至第三、四段。
48. How is midlife pictured in the book Life Reimagined?
A) It can be quite rosy.
B) It can be burdensome.
C) It undergoes radical transformation.
D) It makes for the best part of one’s life.
【答案】A
【解析】根据题干中的关键词pictured和Life Reimagined可定位至第五段第一句。
49. According to Karl Barth, midlife is the time .
A) to relax B) to mature
C) to harvest D) to reflect
【答案】C
【解析】根据题干中的关键词Karl Barth可定位至第六段。
50. What does the author say about midlife today?
A) It is more meaningful than other stages of life.
B) It is likely to change the narrative of one’s life.
C) It is more important to those with a longer lifespan.
D) It is likely to be a critical turning point in one’s life. 【答案】D
【解析】根据题干中的关键词midlife today可定位至最后一段。
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
In spring, chickens start laying again, bringing a welcome source of protein at winter’s end. So it’s no surprise that cultures around the world celebrate spring by honoring the egg.
Some traditions are simple, like the red eggs that get baked into Greek Easter breads. Others elevate the egg into a fancy art, like the heavily jewel-covered “eggs” that were favored by the Russians starting in the 19th century.
One ancient form of egg art comes to us from Ukraine. For centuries, Ukrainians have been drawing complicated patterns on eggs. Contemporary artists have followed this tradition to create eggs that speak to the anxieties of our age: Life is precious, and delicate. Eggs are, too.
“There’s something about their delicate nature that appeals
to me,” says New Yorker cartoonist Roz Chast. Several years ago, she became interested in eggs and learned the traditional Ukrainian technique to draw her very modem characters. “I’ve broken eggs at every stage of the process 一 from the very beginning to the very, very end.”
But there’s an appeal in that vulnerability. “There’s part of this sickening horror of knowing you’re walking on the edge with this, that I kind of like, knowing that it could all fall apart at any second.” Chast’s designs, such as a worried man alone in a tiny rowboat, reflect that delicateness.
Traditional Ukrainian decorated eggs also spoke to those fears. The elaborate patterns were believed to offer protection against evil.
“There’s an ancient legend that as long as these eggs are made, evil will not prevail in the world,” says Joan Brander, a Canadian egg-painter who has been painting eggs for over 60 years, having learned the art from her Ukrainian relatives.
The tradition, dating back to 300 B.C., was later incorporated
into the Christian church. The old symbols, however, still endure. A decorated egg with a bird on it, given to a young married couple, is a wish for children. A decorated egg thrown into the field would be a wish for a good harvest.
51. Why do people in many cultures prize the egg?
A) It is a welcome sign of the coming of spring.
B) It is their major source of protein in winter.
C) It can easily be made into a work of art.
D) It can bring wealth and honor to them.
【答案】A
【解析】根据本题的关键词prize the egg可定位至第一段。
52. What do we learn about the decorated “eggs” in Russia?
A) They are shaped like jewel cases.
B) They are cherished by the rich.
C) They are heavily painted in red.
D) They are favored as a form of art.
【答案】D
【解析】根据本题的关键词Russia可定位至第二段。
53. Why have contemporary artists continued the egg art tradition?
A) Eggs serve as an enduring symbol of new life.
B) Eggs have an oval shape appealing to artists.
C) Eggs reflect the anxieties of people today.
D) Eggs provide a unique surface to paint on.
【答案】C
【解析】根据本题的关键词contemporary artists和tradition可定位至第三段。
54. Why does Chast enjoy the process of decorating eggs?
A) She never knows if the egg will break before the design is completed.
B) She can add multiple details to the design to communicate her idea.
C) She always derives great pleasure from designing something new.
D) She is never sure what the final design will look like until the end.
【答案】A
【解析】本题定位至第五段。
55. What do we learn from the passage about egg-painting?
A) It originated in the eastern part of Europe.
B) It has a history of over two thousand years.
C) It is the most time-honored form of fancy art.
D) It is especially favored as a church decoration.
【答案】B
黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。”黄”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色。黄河发源于青海，流经九个省份，最后注入渤海。黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流之一。黄河流域(river basin)是中国古代文明的诞生地，也是中国早期历史上最繁荣的地区。然而，由于极具破坏力的洪水频发，黄河曾造成多次灾害。在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生。
2洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 2007.12阅读第一篇 Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year. As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressure of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn’t win the contest again? That’s the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface. A revelation (启示) came last week when I asked her, “Don’t you want to win again?”“No,”she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.” I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously (自发地) told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided”by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it. Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter’s experience. While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough a way to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices. 注意：此部分试题请*考试&大在答题卡2上作答。 57. What do we learn from the first paragraph? A) A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays. B) Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities. C) Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time. D) Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing. 58. What did the author say about her own writing experience? A) She was constantly under pressure of writing more. B) Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers. C) She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer. D) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.
高考语文专题小说阅读试题（带答案） 专题十四小说阅读[学法――把握人事，洞察百态] [考题位置――第11题] (2015?全国卷Ⅰ)阅读下面的文字，完成1～4题。(25分) 马兰花李德霞大清早，马兰花从蔬菜批发市场接了满满一车菜回来。车子还没扎稳，邻摊卖水果的三孬就凑过来说：“兰花姐，卖咸菜的麻婶出事了。” 马兰花一惊：“出啥事啦？” 三孬说：“前天晚上，麻婶收摊回家后，突发脑溢血，幸亏被邻居发现，送到医院里，听说现在还在抢救呢。” 马兰花想起来了，难怪昨天就没看见麻婶摆摊卖咸菜。三孬又说：“前天上午麻婶接咸菜钱不够，不是借了你六百块钱吗？听说麻婶的女儿从上海赶过来了，你最好还是抽空跟她说说去。” 整整一个上午，马兰花都提不起精神来，不时地瞅着菜摊旁边的那块空地发呆。以前，麻婶就在那里摆摊卖咸菜，不忙的时候，就和马兰花说说话，聊聊天。有时买菜的人多，马兰花忙不过来，不用招呼，麻婶就会主动过来帮个忙…… 中午，跑出租车的男人进了菜摊。马兰花就把麻婶的事跟她男人说了。男人说：“我开车陪你去趟医院吧。一来看看麻婶，二来把麻婶借钱的事跟她女儿说说，免得日后有麻烦。” 马兰花就从三孬的水果摊上买了一大兜水果，坐着男人的车去了医院。麻婶已转入重症监护室，还没有脱离生命危险。门口的长椅上，麻婶的女儿哭得眼泪一把，鼻涕一把。马兰花安慰了一番，放下水果就出了医院。男人撵上来，不满地对马兰花说：“我碰你好几次，你咋不提麻婶借钱的事？” 马兰花说：“你也不看看，那是提钱的时候吗？” 男人急了：“你现在不提，万一麻婶救不过来，你找谁要去？” 马兰花火了：“你咋尽往坏处想啊？你就肯定麻婶救不过来？你就肯定人家会赖咱那六百块钱？啥人啊！” 男人铁青了脸，怒气冲冲地上了车。一路上，男人把车开得飞快。第三天，有消息传来，麻婶没能救过来，昨天她女儿火化了麻婶，带着骨灰连夜飞回了上海。男人知道后，特意赶过来，冲着马兰花吼：“钱呢？麻婶的女儿还你了吗？老子就没见过你这么傻的女人！” 男人离开时，一脚踢翻一只菜篓子，红艳艳的西红柿滚了一地。马兰花的眼泪在眼眶里打转转。从此，男人耿耿于怀，有事没事就把六百
春天来了 小燕子随着温暖的春风，从遥远的南方飞回来了，一路呼喊着向大地报告：“春天来了！春天来了！” 小草听到燕子的呼喊，睁开惺忪的睡眼，伸一个懒腰，钻出（）的地面。啊！阳光是这么（）！春风是这么（）！ 桃树听到燕子的呼喊，融化了冰冻的水面，池水映着天空。快乐的青蛙和小鱼，在它的怀抱里尽情地游玩。 鸭子听到燕子的呼喊，一个个欢蹦乱跳的来到大自然中，在温暖的阳光下，随着（）的琴声跳起舞，还尽情地唱着：“欢迎你啊，美丽的春天。” 1.把下面的四个词语送回短文中： 温暖松软悠扬明媚 2.春天来了，它们在做什么？ 燕子睁开眼,伸懒腰，钻出地面。 小草融化了冰冻的水面，青蛙和小鱼在水里玩。 桃树笑着扑向水面，把蝌蚪吓的四处逃窜。 池塘来到大自然中，跳起舞，唱着歌。 鸭子从南方飞回来，向大地报告春天来了。 孩子们开出了花朵，散发着清香。 3.文中写春天来了，（），（），（），（）和（）都听到了（）的呼喊。 4.我也能展开想象仿照短文写一写。 柳树听到燕子的呼喊，摇起（），在春风中（）。
做什么事最快乐 小青蛙想，做什么事最快乐呢？ 它跳到大树下问啄木鸟：“叔叔，做什么事最快乐？”啄木鸟说：“（）最快乐。” 它跳到田野里问水牛：“爷爷，做什么事最快乐？”水牛说：“（）最快乐。” 它跳到花丛中问蜜蜂：“小妹妹，做什么事最快乐？”蜜蜂说：“（）最快乐。” 它回到家里问妈妈：“妈妈，做什么事最快乐？为什么啄木鸟叔叔，水牛爷爷，蜜蜂妹妹说的不一样呢？” 妈妈笑着说：“做对别人有用的事，你就会觉得最快乐。” 1.选一选，把词语填在括号里 耕地采蜜捉虫子 2.连一连 大树下问蜜蜂 小青蛙跳到田野里问啄木鸟 花丛中问水牛 3.请按照第二，三，四自然段的格式，再自己设计一问。 它跳到（）问（）：“（），（）？”（）说：“（）。” 4.读了青蛙妈妈说的话，你懂得了什么？
Passage1 Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学，你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。 I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。事实上，我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上，遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职，严重误导了他们。 Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估（追求）放在首位的领导 We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders. 我们都遇到了个人的类型，他们必须负责。无论是决策会议，篮球比赛，还是家庭外出，他们都不能不抓住领导的狗的地位，并紧紧抓住它，因为亲爱的生命。他们相信他们是天生的领袖。 Truth is, they're nothing of the sort. True leaders don't assume that it's their divine（神圣的）right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it. 事实是，他们没有什么样的。真正的领导者不认为这是他们的神圣（神圣的）负责每次两个或两个以上的人在一起吧。恰恰相反。一个伟大的领导者会对每一个情况进行评估，并在他们的位置、情况和/或需要的情况下，只会负责。 Many business executives confuse leadership with action. They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a byproduct. Faced with any situation that can’t be solved by the sheer force of activity, they generate a dust cloud of impatience. Their one leadership tool is
高考小说阅读真题练习 令狐采学 五、本大题共3小题，共15分。阅读下面的作品，完成19-21题。 风铃 于德北 老三的日子挺紧。他在街上租邢大妈的房子住，八九平米，一铺炕，一张桌子，两把椅子。老三的媳妇是农村人，和老三说话时总是一副商量的口气，仿佛她一个人当不了家似的。 老三在车站蹬三轮。他年轻，身体好，又没有脾气，渐渐有了些固定的主顾。有从外地来这里市场批发衣服的，往返几次，和他熟了，定下固定的日子，到了这天，老三会准时在出站口处，待人来了，笑一笑接过对方手中的东西，一声不响地把人家送到市场入口处。 “您去吧，我在这儿候着。”主顾进里边上货，老三就蹲在车子旁抽烟，两角多钱的“姿丽”。带嘴的“蝴蝶泉”是少有的奢侈。偶尔买一包放在口袋里搭配着抽好几天。老三抽剩的烟蒂放在烟缸里。等抽下一支时再接上。同行们都说，老三怕是要娶二房吧，不然，怎么这么节省呢？老三笑一笑，有些不好意思。 老三送客，连人带货一直送上扶梯，看着客人的背影消失了，才转回来，心里好像还惦记着人家一路上的平安。雇老三
的老板们，也都信得过他，时间长了，和老三成了朋友，会谈一些买卖上的酸甜苦辣。有时，为了候车，也约老三在车站斜对过的小茶馆喝茶，每每这时，老三就有兴趣和客人下上一盘象棋，客人自称善走炮或善走马，老三就一心提防着那炮或马，结果漏洞百出，几乎是屡战屡败。 但老三在生活上是不长败的。他高中毕业，没考上学，也没找到正式工作，在社会上干着干那，一点点摸索着自己生活的道路。他的媳妇，是他的同学，在他们班寄读了大半年，直到高考前才回原籍。在一起读书时，两个人没有说过什么话，后来，她进城来打工，老三才知道，大学对于她也只是个梦。 不知为什么，老三就突然想和她结婚了。看着自己父母残破简陋的家他沉默不响地带着他的新媳妇走了，只向他父母要了那辆在家闲置了多年的三轮车。他和媳妇开玩笑说：“面包会有的，牛奶会有的，什么都会有的。”说完之后，他自己都觉得这一点也不幽默，在床上梦呓似地喃喃：“累了，快睡吧。” 老三养了几盆菊花。秋高气爽，窗台上的菊花开了，白的、黄的、粉的，有小饭碗那么大。他也就极有兴致地休息一个下午，和媳妇一起上街买几个螃蟹，用清水煮了，就着酒兴看菊花，心里甜丝丝的。 老三在车站蹬三轮，蹬的是良心活，他不像有的同行，绕大圈，叫大钱。大家都蜂拥着拉主顾，他却靠在一边。如果主顾被嘲嚷声挤出了人群，他就会迎上前去，不紧不慢地说：“要不，就坐我的吧。”
1.大自然的邮票 春天的树上，长出嫩嫩的芽瓣。夏天的树上，挂满肥肥的叶片。秋天的树上，树叶涂满鲜红和金黄。冬天的树下，树叶落地化成土壤。落叶是大自然的邮票，把一年四季寄给你，寄给我，寄给大家。 （1）这一段话共有（）句； （2）填空： a、一年有________ 、________ 、、四个季节。 b、春天的树上，芽瓣是________；夏天的树上，叶片是________；秋天的树叶颜色有________和________；冬天的树下，满地是________________。 c、大自然的邮票指。 2.人有两件宝 人有两件宝，双手和大脑。双手会做工，大脑会思考。 用手不用脑，事情做不好。用脑不用手，啥也做不好。 用手又用脑，才能有创造。一切创造靠劳动，劳动要用手和脑。 （一）这是一首儿歌，一共有（）段话。 （二）填空： （1）人有两件宝是指________和________ 。做工靠________ ，思考靠 ________。 （2）做事情要用________又用________。这样才能________。 （三）词语搭配： （1）认真地劳动（2）一双手指 辛勤地双手一根手表 勤劳的头脑一只小手 聪明的思考一块手套 3.夏天 初夏，石榴花开了。远看，那红色的花朵像一簇簇火焰。近看，一朵朵石榴花像一个个小喇叭。淡黄色的花蕊在风中摇动，就像一群仙女在翩翩起舞。 1、这段话共有（）句。 2、用--------划出第2、3两句句子。 3、石榴花在开放。它的花蕊是的， 花朵是的。 4、我喜欢石榴花是因为。 5、石榴花很多，从（）、（）等词可以看出。
4.斧子 老爷爷微笑着说：“孩子，你很诚实。我要把这两把斧子也送给你吧！”孩子说：“老爷爷，不是我的东西，我不要。”说完，拿着自己的斧子走了。 （1）老爷爷说了（）句话，孩子说了（）话。 （2）老爷爷送给孩子两把斧子，他有没有要？为什么？ 答： （3）学了本文后，我们也要做个（）的孩子。 5.时钟花 小白兔没有钟，不知道时间，它请小山羊帮忙想办法。小山羊送给它三盆花。 太阳出来了，牵牛花开了，张开了小喇叭。中午，午时花开了，张开了笑脸。天黑了，夜来香开了，张开了小嘴请轻地唱歌。 1、这篇短文有（）段话。 2、小山羊送给小白兔什么花？-----------、--------------、-------------- 3、（）花早晨开，（）花中午开，（）花晚上开。 6.金鱼 鱼池中的金鱼各种各样，有圆头的，有大眼的，也有尾巴像花朵的。颜色也不少，有金色、黑色、白色，也有白色和金色相间的，很好看。 它们非常活泼，常在水里游，有时互相追逐，有时一起游戏，加上色彩美丽，真令人喜爱。 1、短文有（）段话。 2、文中的金鱼有（）种颜色。 3、金鱼的形状有（）的，有（）的，也有（）的。 4、你最喜欢的金鱼是（）。 7.浪花 我坐在沙滩上玩耍。浪花看见了，迈着轻轻的步子走来，悄悄地瘙痒了我的小脚丫。笑得我眼泪都流出来了，他才哗哗地笑着跑回家。 一会儿，浪花又唱着笑着跑来了。这次它给我捧来了雪白的贝壳，青青的小虾。 哗哗哗，浪花跑去又跑来，像一群淘气的娃娃。 1、短文有（）段，请标出来。 2.填空。 （）的步子（）的贝壳（）的小虾
1.我们一样爱他们 张春风 天堂村小学地处偏远山区，交通不便。偶尔才有慈善家跑来捐款。每次，全校师生都会倾巢而出：学生站在山岭上，手舞鲜花一路欢迎；而校长方子儒会亲自带队，用一个树藤扎成的土轿子抬客人上山。 这天，天堂村小学迎来了一个特别的客人。这个年轻人不声不响，独自走了两个小时的山路。由于道路崎岖，他沿途还摔伤了膝盖。当他一瘸一拐地出现在方子儒面前时，完全没有了城里人的光鲜形象。 “对不起！”年轻人显得有点尴尬，“我......想资助你们10名特困生。” 方子儒特别高兴。这里是全县出了名的贫困乡，这送上门的好事，正求之不得呢！可是，他为什么要说对不起呢？方子儒殷勤地招呼道：“要不，您先去洗漱一下？我让学生们列队欢迎？” 年轻人慌乱地摆摆手：“千万不要......我不想耽搁，捐了款就走！” 方子儒点了点头。 15分钟后，方子儒恭敬地送上一份资助名单。 年轻人看也没看，说：“校长，我想您误会了！” 方子儒愣了愣，以为他突然变卦了，着急地说：“可是，这是我们千挑万选出来的学生。他们品学兼优，将来一定是国家的栋梁之材！” 年轻人沉默了一会儿，说：“校长，我能亲自挑选资助对象吗？” “当然！”方子儒长舒了一口气，“这是您的权利！但......他们绝对是最好的学生！倘若您不信，可以翻看他们往年的成绩单！” 年轻人笑了：“我当然相信，但请给我所有贫困生的名单！” 方子儒虽然感到奇怪，但还是找来所有30名贫困生的名单。年轻人要了一张白纸，小心地撕成一条条小纸条。然后，年轻人开始在小纸条上写上每一位贫困生的名字，写完一张，就揉成团丢在一个盘子里。 方子儒终于看出了端倪，疑惑地问道：“您.....是想抓阄决定资助的对象？” 年轻人点了点头：“是的，我觉得那样才公平！” 方子儒着急地说：“不行，那样你会不小心抽到坏孩子的。他们生性顽劣，整天爬树打架，几乎每门功课都不及格！” 年轻人停下手中的笔，问：“那他们逃过学么？” 方子儒想了想，说：“这......倒没有！他们只是功课不好，其他，没什么两样！” 年轻人坚定地说：“在我眼里，从来没有一个坏孩子，我们一样爱他们。谁又能知道，调皮捣蛋的孩子将来就一定不会有所作为呢？他们一样天真无邪，他们的心里一样编织着最美丽的梦想......” 3分钟后，年轻人抽出了10个人的名字。果不其然，其中有4名学生原本不在方子儒的推荐之列。 方子儒执意要举行一个公开的捐赠仪式，这是学校的惯例。年轻人却摇了摇头，说：“校长，能否替我向其他的20名学生道歉？”方子儒满脸惊愕，以为自己听错了。 年轻人的眼睛有些湿润，满怀歉意地说：“对不起，我没有能力资助所有的贫困生。他们之所以没被选上，并不是因为不够好，只是运气差了一些！总有一天，我会回来弥补他们的遗憾！” 年轻人没有告诉校长，在15年前的一个穷山沟，他也是这样幸运地得到一位老华侨的捐助。当时，他是村民眼中不折不扣的坏孩子。可是，老华侨的一句话改变了他的一生：“在
论述文阅读真题训练 一、本大题共8小题，共24分。（北京2017） 阅读下面的材料，完成1—8题。 材料一 首都博物馆正在举办两个精品展，一个是南昌汉代海昏侯国考古成果展，一个是纪念殷墟妇好墓考古发掘四十周年特展。展览甫．一开始，便引来热切关注，预约名额很快告罄．。文物曾“乏人问津．”，只为少数专家学者所识，如今竟备受大众青睐。这反映了大众对文物价值的渴求，也提醒我们，要合理利用文物，充分发掘其文化内涵，让沉睡的古老文物“活”起来，发挥它们在公众知史爱国、鉴物审美，以及技艺传承、文化养心等方面的作用。 文物是人类触摸历史的“活化石”，每一件文物都是历史故事的讲述者。一件件出土文物，一个个考古故事，足以让每个观展者沉浸在千年历史之中——无论是拿着放大镜对着一枚玉器细细观察的老人，还是那些被罕见金饼“亮瞎眼”的年轻人。很难想象，三千多年前的工匠，如何将一块玉石切割成型，又琢磨成高8．1厘米、厚只有0．3厘米、憨态可掬．的对尾鹦鹉。那一套套大气而不失华丽的西汉编钟，虽静默无声，却仿佛让我们听到了古老的宫商角徵羽……那些走向博物馆的热切步伐，让我们看到了经济快速发展后现代人对“精品文化”消费的需求，更看到了现代人对自己从哪里来、到哪里去的历史追问。 精美的文物凝聚着工匠们的心血和智慧，不仅代表了当时高超的技艺水平，而且有助于现代技术发展。古代不少青铜器都是用失蜡法制造的。20世纪初，德国人曾用失蜡法铸造工业用齿轮；1929年，又对失蜡法进行改造，以硅酸乙酯为耐火涂料，用熔点达1500℃的铬钨钴合金制成假牙。第二次世界大战期间，美国人奥斯汀在云南保山见到用失蜡法铸成的青铜器，大受启发，铸成了喷气发动机叶片和涡轮盘。之后，失蜡法技艺发展成为现代精密铸造技术。 （取材于杨雪梅、黄洋等的相关文章） 1．下列对材料一的理解，不正确 ．．．的一项是（3分） A．以前因为精品不多，所以文物展览观者寥寥 B．要合理利用文物，发掘其内涵，发挥其作用 C．文物热反映大众对“精品文化”消费的需求 D．奥斯汀从失蜡法铸造的青铜器中得到了启发 2．下列加点字词的读音和解释，全都正确的一项是（3分） A．甫．一开始：“甫”读作pǔ意思是“刚刚” B．告罄．：“罄”读作qìng 意思是“尽” C．乏人问津．：“津”读作jīn意思是“路” D．憨态可掬．：“掬”读作jū意思是“令人喜爱”
2016 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题（第一套） Part I Writing (30 minutes)( 请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听 力考试 ) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30 minutes to write an essay.Suppose you have two options upon graduation:one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school.You are to make a choice between the two.Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Much controversy has been aroused about whether the students should find a job or start their own business after graduation.Taking a look around,we can find that some graduates bustle around job markets,while others choose to run a shop on TMall. However, I prefer the former choice. From my perspective, there are good reasons to find a job in the first several years after their graduation.First and foremost, if a graduate intends to accumulate working experience and learn from the seniors, it is advisable for him to find a job. It is an undeniable fact that the theoretical knowledge will provide the graduates with the ability to consider things comprehensively,however,only under the integration with practice can the rigid knowledge be useful for their future development. Inevitably, doing something small is the premise of undertaking something great. Take Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba and taobao, for example. He also finds some jobs before establishing his own career,laying a solid foundation for his later success. Consequently,it is of great necessity to find a job after graduation.I firmly believe that it will continue to bring about more returns to our life and future. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A
大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之一（含答案） There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase. Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______. A.if we complete our short-range goals B.if we cannot reach solid short-term goals C.if we write down the dates D.if we put forward some plans 2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______. A.two years B.long-term goals C.current activities D.the goals that have been completed 3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______. A.we will win final success B.we are overwhelmed C.we should build up confidence of success D.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______. A.we should stick to them until we complete them B.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities C.we had better wait for the exciting news of success D.we have made great decision 5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______. A.those who habe long-term goals will succeed B.writing down the dates may discourage you C.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desination D.every should have a goal 答案：adcbc 大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之二（含答案） The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be
中考小说阅读题及答案 【篇一：10个省市2011年中考小说阅读题目及答案】 命运随时可以拐弯 孙道荣 ①他是个出了名的问题孩子。逃学、捣蛋、捉弄老师、欺负同学， 可谓“无恶不作”。同学怕他，讨厌他，避之唯恐不及；老师也对他 渐渐失去了耐心，放任自流；他的父母，一个重病缠身，一个苦于 生计，想管也管不了。除了偶尔被老师拿着花名册点到名字外，他 已经差不多被人遗忘了。 ②这是个偏僻的山区学校，贫穷是笼罩在很多孩子身上的共同特征，每年，学校都会拟定一份名单报给当地教育局，以方便那些好心的 捐助者选择资助对象。 ③很显然，并非每个孩子都能上这份名单，有幸被选上名单的，都 是品学兼优的孩子。学校会在每个名字的后面，附一份该同学学习 和表现情况的材料，这是关键的一张纸，很多捐助者就是据此选择 他们要帮助的孩子。因此，能上名单，就意味着不但可能得到一份 资助，而且，也是一份“荣誉”，它说明了学校和老师对自己的肯定。 ④又一批名单报上去了。 ⑤一天早晨，还没有上课，他早早地来到了学校。这是他第一次这 么早走进学校。在班主任的办公室外徘徊了许久，他下定决心，走 了进去。他从书包里，小心翼翼地摸出一张纸片，递到老师面前，“老师，这是我昨天收到的汇款单，是一位上海的叔叔捐给我的学费。谢谢老师！” ⑥老师简直不敢相信自己的耳朵，他也收到了捐助？而老师清楚地 记得，报上去的名单里，根本没有他的名字啊！
⑦老师接过汇款单细看，收款人果然写着他的名字。虽然心存疑惑，老师还是决定，把这个好消息告诉全班同学。 ⑧当老师在班级上宣布这一消息时，教室里一下子变得鸦雀无声， 所有的眼睛都齐刷刷投向他。疑惑，羡慕，感叹，什么表情都有。 而第一次被这么关注，他激动得满脸通红，腰板挺得笔直。他从来 就没有坐得这么正过。 ⑨这天，他第一次没有在课堂上捣乱，每一堂课，听得都非常认真。 ⑩放学了，他才收拾书包，跟在同学们的身后，走出学校。这是他 难得一次没有早退，按时放学。 ⑾他惊人地变化着，不再迟到，不再早退，不再恶作剧，不再四处 捣蛋。 ⑿上课时，他安静地坐在自己的位子上，听老师讲课。老师提问时，他第一次举手发言。月考时，他的试卷上，第一次没有出现刺眼的 红色…… ⒀班主任对他做了一次家访。 ⒁他拿出了一沓信。“这都是资助我的叔叔寄来的。”他忽然有点不 好意思，“叔叔在信中说，是老师推荐我的，老师在推荐信里说我是 努力、上进、优秀的孩子。我没想到老师会这么夸我。”他偷偷瞄了 一眼老师，黑黑的脸，泛出红晕。“叔叔还说，他会一直支持我上学，直到我上大学。我不会让老师和叔叔失望的。”他紧紧地咬着嘴唇。 ⒂老师一脸迷茫，这份推荐信显然不是他写的。怎么会这样呢？老 师也想不明白。但是，不管怎样，有一点可以肯定，他彻底改变了。老师坚定地拍拍他的肩膀。 ⒃谜底直到几年后才揭开。他考取了一所重点大学，资助人也赶来 庆贺。班主任老师私下里问资助人，当初为什么会选择他这样一个 问题学生？
（一） Dragons are not real animals, but look like a combination (结合体) of many animals such as snakes, fish and have two horns (角) and a long moustache (胡子).With fantastic power, they fly in the sky or swim in the can make rain, Chinese dragon is a symbol of strength and good emperors of ancient China loved clothes were covered with pictures of dragons. We are proud to call ourselves the “descendants (传人) of the dragon”.In Chinese, “excellent” people are often called “dragons”.A number of Chinese sayi ngs and idioms talk about dragons, for example, “Hoping_one's_child_will_become_a_dragon.” which means hoping he or she will be successful. It is said that people born in the Year of the Dragon have certain are creative, confident, brave and quick? are s ome famous “dra?gons” who have done excellent things, for example, the great man Deng Xiaoping, the famous businessman Li Jiacheng and the movie star Zhao are all very successful. There are also some traditional festivals about dra?gons in China, such as Dragon Head?Raising Day and Dragon Boat have different kinds of activities to celebrate two festivals come every year, but the Year of the Dragon comes every twelve years.
There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase. Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. long-term goals mean a lot______. we complete our short-range goals we cannot reach solid short-term goals we write down the dates we put forward some plans short-term goals are bulid upon______. years goals activities goals that have been completed we complete each step of our goals ,______. will win final success are overwhelmed should build up confidence of success should strong desire for setting new goals our goals are drawn up,_______. should stick to them until we complete them may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities had better wait for the exciting news of success have made great decision is implied but not stated in the passage that ______. who habe long-term goals will succeed down the dates may discourage you goal is only a guide for us to reach our desination should have a goal 答案：adcbc 大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之二（含答案） The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The