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学术英语复习参考(一般)

Part1 Academic Voice ■知识点: Nominalization(名词化)

Allow →allowance

Negligent →negligence 疏忽、大意Propose →proposal

Remove →Removal

Refuse →Refusal

Indicate →indication象征、指示Assume →assumption

Intend →intention

Extensive →extension 伸展、延期Liable →liability 责任、债务Legal →legality 合法性Proficient →proficiency 熟练、娴熟Study →Study

Careless →carelessness

Discover →discovering

Impair →impairment 损害■词语配对

Try to find out Discover

Look at carefully Examine

Make sure XXX is true Verify

Show Demonstrate

Get rid of Eliminate

Get through it Survive, penetrate

Mean Intend

Look into Investigate

A lot of Numerous, myriad

End Conclusion

■Passive Voice & Avoid first and second personal pronouns

Doctors should be required to complete communication skill courses.

Clear foreshadowing of events to transpire should be noticed in Hamlet.

This method was chosen because of its simplicity.

According to the literature reviewed, there are several reasons why plants are dispersed by ants.

There is the consensus that ant nests are nutrient enriched sites and therefore it may be advantageous for seeds to germinate from within ant nests.

The result of this study concurred with Berg’s hypothesis that seeds are prot ected from fire through their burial in ants’ nests.

■Academic Voice(P4)

Poignant 深刻的、尖锐的

Provocative 刺激的、挑衅的

Compelling 强制的

Striking 显著的、惊人的

Proposal 提议、建议

Objection 反对

Insight 洞察、

Discourse 论述、讨论

Investigate 调查、研究

Disapprove 不赞成

Part2 Introduction 知识点: 组织架构

1.Background(背景)

In the recent years, there has been a dramatic increase tendency in …

2.Literature Review(文献综述)

There is a general consensus that …

It is generally accepted that …

It was explicitly stated that …明确指出…

Following similar lines …与此类似的

There has been a rising trend in …

3.Gap(已有研究局限性)

There is a pressing need …

However, few studies focus on …

This brings to the purpose of this study. 4.Your Paper(论文简述)

The primary objective of the paper is to …

Our model of the … is general enough to …

For this paper, our analysis is limited to …

■知识点: “说”的同义词

Accepts 接受Admits 承认Advocates 提倡、坚持Agrees 同意Analyze 分析Argues 辩称Asserts 断言Assumes 猜想Believes 相信Claims 声明、断言Comments 评论Concludes 总结

Confirms 确认

Considers 考虑

Denies 拒绝

Doubts 怀疑

Emphasizes 强调

Establishes 确立

Explains 解释

Hypothesizes 假设、猜测

Illustrates 说明

Indicates 表明

Investigate 调查

Maintains 坚持

Notes 写到、记下

Points out 指出

Proposes 提议

Remarks 评论

Shows 显示

States 声明

Suggests 建议、暗示

Thinks 认为

知识点: 语法

1. Prominent(强调)

Information: The …… (Smith, 2000).

Author: Smith (2000) argued that …

Weak Author: As Smith (2000) pointed that …

2.Tense(时态)

陈述当前境况，按具体内容使用时态(现在时、过去时、过去完成时…)

文献综述，多使用一般过去时(因为文章已经发表)

本文概述，多使用一般现在时(因为文章正被阅读)

Part3 Describing Methodology

知识点: 组织架构

1. Research objective (研究目的)

The experiment was initiated to …The study aims to examine …

2. Element (要素:时间、地点、对象、人物等)

(Subject): The subjects/participants were [num] [noun] from …

A group of … were recruited as participants for the investigation

(Location): The investigation was performed in …

(Materials): Questionnaires were developed for the survey.

The data used for the analysis consists of … taken from …

3. Procedure

Copies of the questionnaire were given to …

Emails containing the survey materials were sent to …

4. Data treatment

The result of … were subjected to statistical test

The data were computer-analyzed using SPSS.

■知识点: 步骤叙述

1. Sequential Markers

To begin with // First of all

Firstly // Secondly // Finally // Lastly

Next // Then // After that // Afterward //Following this

Before this // Previously // At this time/point // Now // Hence // Thus

In addition // It is also // Later / Until

subsequently // consequently // simultaneously // concurrently

2. Verbs

Subjects:

Choose // include // recruit // volunteered // paid to participate

Materials:

Obtain // Supply Be piloted and modified // Be gathered

Be composed of // Be located // Be installed // Be equipped with

Research design:

Apply // employ // develop // resort to(采取、使用) // use // conduct Procedure:

Be developed // Be sent to // Be given to // Carry out // follow // perform // propose

知识点: 时态,:注意使用过去时

■例子

A group of MBA students from a major metropolitan state university were recruited as participants for the investigation. The questionnaire was administered after the topic of BSC had been discussed in the course. 136 students enrolled in a managerial accounting course completed the questionnaire. Background information about these participants is presented in Table 2. As is shown, the majority of participants are male. The mean age of the participants was approximately 29 years old, the years of working experience was six on the average.

Part4 Results & Discussion

知识点: 组织架构

1. Generally Summarization(整体概述)

One key issue in this study was …

2. Result Reporting(结果展示分析)

The preliminary analysis discovered that …初步分析发现

Descriptive statistics demonstrated that those who …描述性统计显示

Result of ANOV A further displayed that …

XXX test was adopted

3. Result Discussion(结果讨论)

Consistent with previous studies, we observed ...

This result supports the notion that …该结果支持了XXX的观点

This study has several implications for teaching idioms.

4. Conclusion(结论)

Unexpectedly, we found ……

Comparison shows that XXX is comparable to other …

知识点: 词汇、短语

■1. 结果展示

Bar chart 条形图Pie chart 饼图Line graph 折线图

Area chart 面积图Scatter plot 散点图Radar chart 雷达图

Percentage 百分比Vertical axis 纵轴Horizontal axis 横轴Fluctuation 波动Convex 凸的Concave 凹的

Top/ Peak 最高点、尖峰Slope 斜坡Plateau 停滞(n.) Upward 向上的Downward 下降的Table X records

As Table X shows // As shown in Graph X According to Table X

As the graph above/below

As/It can be seen …

It appears that …

It can be concluded

We found that …

To sum up // In conclusion

Decrease/ decline/ reduction/ fall/ drop/ dip 下降

Minimal/ slight/ slow/ gradual/ steady 平缓的、微弱的Marked/ large/ dramatic/ steep/ sharp/ abrupt 剧烈的、显著的It is apparent that …

Quite revealing in several ways

There is a clear trend that …

■2. 因果分析

强调原因:

The death rate from cancer is increasing because/ owing to the fact that people are smoking more.

The fact that the death rate from cancer is increasing is due to/ may be due to people smoking more.

The reason for/ cause of the death rate from cancer increasing is that/ could be that …

An increase in the death rate from cancer people smoking more.

one effect of

one result of

one consequence of

is/ may be + caused by

due to

because of

results from

arise from

强调结果:

People are smoking more. the death rate from cancer is increasing.

So,

Thus, Hence, Therefore, Consequently, As a result, As a result of which

With the result that

As a consequence,

As a consequence of which For this reason, Because of this,

Owing to XXX, YYY

XXX YYY

Results in/ Leads to

Produces/ Causes

Is the cause of

Gives rise to

Brings about

3. 语气强弱

强化: Crucial(关键性的、极其重要的) Principal(最重要的、主要的) Essential Significant Fundamental

Quite Clearly Obviously Undoubtedly Certainly

Indeed Inevitably(不可避免地、必然地)

Invariably(总是、不变的) Literally(确实地、真正地)

弱化: Likely Maybe Perhaps Possible Possibly Probable Probably Relatively

Appear Seem Suggest

4. 比较与对比

Comparison (Similarities):

Similar to Similarity Both Likewise

In the same way Have … in common As well as Contrast (Differences):

Whereas While However But Unlike

Instead Differ Although Conversely

Be different from Contrary to

On the contrary Even though On the other hand 知识点: 时态(我也说不清,好自为之吧)

侧重研究过程使用一般过去时: The preliminary analysis discovered that …

指代图表内容使用一般现在时: The line graph below shows…

其他事实依据内容确定时态: People are smoking more, as a result …

Part5 Conclusion

■知识点: 组织架构

1. Summary of Argument(论点总结)

Our experiment indicated that …, conforming to XXX’s study result.

2. Answer to the Research Questions(回答研究问题)

XXX played a n important role in …

3. Implications(意义)

This study has several implications for ...

4. Limitation & Further Research(局限性与进一步的研究)

However, there was an obvious limitation in this study …

We expect more studies to be carried out in ...

知识点: 方法

1. Summarizing(总结)

用尽可能简短的话明确声明论点，去除不重要的部分

2. Paraphrasing(改写)

从以下方面着手：

Use synonyms 使用同义词

Change word forms 使用词语的不同形式

Make necessary structural adjustments 对结构进行必要的调整

Change between affirmative & negative 肯定、否定的转换

Include reference to the original source 引用前文来源处

示例

The Steiner minimal tree problem has been studied in the above discussion. A node-splitting algorithm that finds a good heuristic solution to the problem has been developed. In some cases, it is better, for instance, th an Korhonen’s algorithm. Comparison shows that the node-splitting method is comparable to other heuristic methods.

An advantage of this algorithm is that the computations of the bead’s movement can be done in parallel, provided that there is a synchronization barrier to update their new positions. This can take advantage of some parallel computers, for example, mapping each bead to a (virtual) processor.

The Steiner tree has been shown to be an optimization problem. Neural network has been successfully applied to solve many optimization problems, for example, TSP. Some of these techniques have been discussed. This could be an interesting area for research in the future. It is possible that these techniques can also be applied to solve the SMT if a good mapping of the problem to an appropriate network architecture is found.

Part6 Abstract

■知识点: 组织架构

1. Motivation & Problem Statement (Gap)

The industry is already well known for its efforts to improve the eco-efficiency of its processes.

The focus of this research is in the area of …

The study focused on 2 main areas.

2. Approach (Methodology)

We carried out a series of field tests …

This paper develops a theoretical framework to …

The framework for life cycle analysis has been developed.

The research approach adopted in this dissertation includes …

3. Results

From these data, it can be concluded that …

The findings from this research provide evidence that …

Results indicated that the problem is even more serious …

4. Conclusions

It appears tha t …

There might be a need for …

It has been found/proved that …

This dissertation recommends that …

This indicates that there are several factors ….

The main conclusions drawn from this study are …

示例：

(总述)This dissertation examines the impacts of social movements through a multi-layered study of the Mississippi Civil Rights Movements from its peak in the early 1960s through the early 1980s.

(内容)By examining this historically important case, the writer clarifies the process by which movements transform social structures and the constraints when they try to do so.

(对象)The time period studied includes the expansion of voting rights and gains in black political power, the desegregation of public schools and the emergency of white-flight academies, and the rise and fall of federal anti-poverty programs.

(方法)Two major research strategies were used: (1) a quantitative analysis of county-level data and (2) three case studies. Data have been collected from archives, interviews, newspapers, and published reports.

(结论)This dissertation challenges the argument that movements are inconsequential. Some view federal agencies, courts, political parties, or economic elites as the agents driving institutional change, but typically these groups acted in response to the leverage brought to bear by the civil rights movement.

(意义)The Mississippi movement attempted to forge independent structures for sustaining challenges to local inequities and injustices. By propelling change in an array of local institutions, movement infrastructures had an enduring legacy in Mississippi.

Part7 References

■知识点: Science Reference Style

Journals:

1. Y. Shen, Y. P. Jiao, May I pass the exam. Automation. 14, 819-834 (1980).

Books:

1. Y. P. Jiao, May I pass the exam (SEU Press, Nanjing, 1956).

2. Y. P. Jiao, May I pass the exam (SEU Press, Nanjing, ed. 3, 1956), pp. 7-11.

Theses:

1. Y. P. Jiao, May I pass the exam, SEU (1973).

示例：

1. S. Allen, PhD thesis, University College Dublin(2009).

2. M. Wang,& K. Koda, Commonalities and differences in word identification skills among

English second language learners. Language Learning. 55(1), 73-100 (2005).

3. R. Zeelenberg, D. Pecher, Evidence for long-term language repetition priming in conceptual

implicit memory tasks. Journal of Memory and Language. 49, 80–94 (2003).

4. R. E. von Studnitz, D. Green, Interlingual homograph interference in German-English bilinguals:

Its modulation and locus of control. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition. 51, 1–23 (2002).

■知识点:Modern Language Association (MLA) Style

Journals:

1. Yu Shen, Yiping Jiao. “May I pass the exam.” Journal of Jiecao. 59. 1(2000): 835-62

Books:

1. Yu Shen, Yiping Jiao. May I pass the exam. NanJing: SEU Press, 2014.

Theses:

1. Yu Shen, “May I pass the exam.” PhD thesis, SEU, 2009. Print.

示例：

1. Booth, David. Ed. Rethinking Social Development: Theory, Research and Practice. Essex:

Longman, 1994.

2. Mann, Susan. "Myths of Asian Womanhood." Journal of Asian Studies. 59.1 (2000): 835-62.

3. McDonagh, Sean. Why are we Deaf to the Cry of the Earth .Dublin:Veritas，2001.

4. O’Connor, John. "Towards a Greener Ireland.” Discovering Our Natural Sustainable Resources:

Future Proofing, University College Dublin, 15–16 March 2009. Dublin: Irish Environmental Institute, 2009. 65 – 69. Print

Part8 Submitting Paper

■知识点: A submission cover letter(投稿)

Dear Dr. Jiao,

This is a manuscript entitled“MAY I PASS THE EXAM” by Yue Lisha and Wei Jinjin from Laboratory of NOJIECAO, School of Communication and Control Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. It is submitted to be considered for publication as an “Original Article” in your journal.

No conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and manuscript is approved by all authors for publication. I would like to declare on behalf of my co-authors that the work described was original research that has not been published previously, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere, in whole or in part.

In this work, we developed XXXXXX. I hope this paper is suitable for “XXX JOURNAL”.

The Following is a list of possible reviewers for your consideration:

1) Professor Gu E-mail: Guyajie@https://www.doczj.com/doc/5a6456658.html,

2) Professor Qian E-mail: Qianmengxiong@https://www.doczj.com/doc/5a6456658.html,

We deeply appreciate your consideration of our manuscript, and we look forward to receiving comments from the reviewers. If you have any queries, please don’t hesitate to contact me at the address below.

Enclosed please find the paper.

Thank you and best regards.

Yours sincerely,

Yue Lisha

Corresponding author:

Prof. Dr. Wei Jinjin

XX Lab

XX School

XX University

Nanjing 210096

P.R. China

Tel: (+8625) 87654321

E-mail: Weijinjin@https://www.doczj.com/doc/5a6456658.html,

知识点: Response to revision letter(回复要求修正的信)

Dear Dr. Jiao,

On behalf of my co-authors, we thank you very much for giving us an opportunity to revise our manuscript, we appreciate editor and reviewers very much for their positive and constructive comments and suggestions on our manuscript entitled “May I Pass the Exam”. (ID: IEJ-12-00123).

We h ave studied reviewer’s comments carefully and have made revision which marked in red in the paper. We have tried our best to revise our manuscript according to the comments.

Attached please find the revised version, which we would like to submit for your kind consideration.

We would like to express our great appreciation to you and reviewers for comments on our paper. Looking forward to hearing from you.

Thank you and best regards.

<其余同前>

知识点: Response to the reviewer’s comments(回复修正意见)

Polite Expressions

We are very sorry for our negligence of …

We are very sorry for our incorrect writing …

It is really true as Reviewer suggested that …

As Reviewer suggested that …

We have made correction according to the Reviewer’s comments.

We have re-writte n this part according to the Reviewer’s suggestion.

Considering the Reviewer’s suggestion, we have …

Special thanks to you for your good comments.

知识点: 查询信(你丫敢催…找死呢…)

Polite Expressions

Sorry for disturbing you. I am not sure if it is the right time to contact you to inquire about the status of my submitted manuscript titled “XXX”. (ID: XX), although the status of “With Editor” has been lasting for more than two months, since submitted to journal three months ago. I am just wondering that my manuscript has been sent to reviewers or not?

I would be greatly appreciated if you could spend some of your time check the status for us. I am very pleased to

hear from you on the reviewer’s comments.

Thank you very much for your consideration.

<其余同前>

(英语)英语专题汇编英语一般过去时(一)

（英语）英语专题汇编英语一般过去时(一) 一、初中英语一般过去时 1．What a day! The car I ___________ seems to go wrong again. A. have repaired it B. had repaired C. had repaired it D. have it repaired 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：多么糟糕的一天呀！我让人修好的车又坏了。这里I had repaired 是定语从句，先行词是前面的名词car，关系词that或which在定语从句中作宾语省略了，it也是指代the car，所以定语从句中关系词代替先行词了，it必须去掉。故选B。 2．—My car ________ yesterday. Could you please give me a ride tomorrow? —I'm sorry I can't, I'm ________ Dalian tomorrow morning. A. breaks down; flying at B. has broken down; flying at C. broke down; flying to D. had broken down; flying to 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——我的车坏了，你明天能搭我一程吗？——对不起我不能，我明天早上要坐飞机去大连。break down，出毛病，出故障，根据yesterday，可知用一般过去时，break的过去式是broke，根据tomorrow morning，可知用一般将来时，一些表示移动的动词可以用be+doing，表将来时，故选C。【点评】考查动词的时态。注意根据时间状语确定动词时态。 3．—Have you ever been to South Tower Park? —Yes. I ___________there a few months ago. A. went B. have been C. have gone 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：—你曾经去过南塔公园吗？—是的，几个月前我去那儿了。have been to曾经去过某地；have gone to去某地了；根据a few months ago.可知用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选A。【点评】考查动词时态辨析。根据时间状语确定合适的动词。 4．The car suddenly _________ on the road and went out of control. Finally, it was seen _________ into the wall of the building. A. was broken down; crash B. broke down; crash C. was broken down; to crash D. broke down; to crash 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：汽车在路上突然加速，失去了控制。最后，人们看到它撞到了建筑物的墙壁上。break down和主语car是主动关系，故排除A和C，be seen to do，固定搭配，被看到做某事，故用不定式，故选D。

六年级一般过去时练习题参考答案

六年级一般过去时练习题参考答案一一般过去时的定义一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when – clause, in the past连用。如： What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么？ I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我会到了林涛。 I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿二、用法说明 1表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。如： He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事？ 2在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。如： We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。注：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和

would。如： He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 3表示主语过去的特征或性格。如： At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 4用在状语从句中表示过去将来。如： He said he would wait until they came back. 5一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。如： I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。如： I didn’t know you were here. 没想到你在这里。注意： 1. 表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。如： He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 2. 注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不……”。如：

一般过去时讲解及习题

一般过去时 1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn't） ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren't） ⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn't +动词原形，如：Jim went home yesterday. Jim didn't go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+一般疑问句？如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? What did Jim do yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则： 1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3．末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied 5

【英语】一般过去时总结以及易错点

【英语】一般过去时总结以及易错点一、单项选择一般过去时 1．I _____ the washing machine. It’s working OK now. A．was repairing B．repaired C．would repair D．had repaired 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：我修了洗衣机，它现在可以正常工作了。结合句意可知，“修洗衣机”的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。故选B项。 2．--I wonder what makes you a good salesperson. --I as a waiter for three years, which contribute a lot to my today’s work. A．serve B．have served C．had served D．served 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：考查时态。根据句意，做服务员是过去发生的事，因此才说对现在销售员的工作产生很多帮助，用过去式即可，句意：我想知道什么使你成为一个好的销售员。我当服务员三年，这对我现在的工作很有帮助。故选D 考点：考查时态 3．Mary cleverly met the customer’s requirements that you ___________ to deal with, so she won the competition. A．failed B．fail C．may fail D．must fail 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：玛丽巧妙地满足了你没能应付的客户的要求，所以她赢得了比赛。根据句意可知句子用一般过去时态，故答案为A。 4．Only after talking to two students__________that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. A．I did discover B．did I discover C．I discovered D．discovered I 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：考查倒装句。Only位于句首强调状语时，主句要用部分倒装，句型为：only+状语+be/助动词/情态动词+主语。故选B。【知识归纳】

人教版英语英语一般过去时复习含答案百度文库

人教版英语英语一般过去时复习含答案百度文库一、初中英语一般过去时 1．Yao Ming, a basketball giant, ___________ water polo when he was young. A. is playing B. used to play C. is used to playing D. was playing 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：姚明，一个篮球天才，当他年轻时经常玩水球运动。根据when he was young，可知句式时态是一般过去时，used to do sth.过去经常做某事；be used to doing，习惯做某事，故选B。【点评】此题考查一般过去时。根据上下文的联系确定句子时态。 2．The old man _________________ Bajin was a famous writer. A. was called B. is called C. called D. calls 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：老人巴金是一位著名的作家。谓语动词是was，故此处缺少非谓语动词，call与man是被动关系，故是过去分词用后置定语，故选C。【点评】考查非谓语动词，注意过去分词的用法。 3．He_________ me his name, but I can't remember it now. A. tells B. will tell C. told D. is telling 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：他告诉我他的名字，但我现在记不起来了。根据下文but I can't remember it now.可知以前告诉过我，要用一般过去时，tell的过去式told，故选C。【点评】考查一般过去时的构成和用法。根据语境确定的动词的时态。 4．2016?连云港）—Did Billy and Anna find a way out at last? —Yes, they a plan and did it. A. were working out B. worked out C. are working out D. have worked out 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态。句意：—比利和安娜最后找到了方法了吗？—是的，他们做好了计划并且找到了方法。根据and后的动词did可知，空格处也应该用一般过去时。故选B。 5．John and I ________ to visit his grandparents last Sunday afternoon.

(完整版)一般过去时讲解及练习

一般过去时 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, an hour ago, the other day, ,yesterday morning (afternoon, evening), last night (week, month, year…), a moment ago , a week ago, three years ago… just now,in the past等。 Where did you go just now? 2）谓语动词形式为动词的过去式，一般在动词原形后加-ed, I was tired last night，昨天晚上我很累。 We visited the museum yesterday.昨天我们参观了那个博物馆。二、一般过去时的构成 1.was/were+形容词/名词/...如 I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。 Mr.Green was not a teacher last year.去年格林女士不是一个老师。系动词be的过去式为am,is→was are→were 第一人称单数(I)/第三人称单数(he/she/it)+was 第二人称单数(you)/各人称复数(we/you/they)+were. 2.实义动词的过去式+其他成分 My mother went shopping yesterday.

我妈妈昨天去购物了。 His uncle worked in Beijing in 2014. 他叔叔2014年在北京工作。三、一般过去时的句式

完整小学英语一般过去时总结

一般过去时 A．结构 ① be动词（is，am, are）→ was/were 主语+ 谓语 ②实义动词→相应的动词过去式 ①表示过去的事实或状态。例：He was very busy an hour ago.他在过去的一小时非常忙碌。 I was eight years old last year. 我去年8岁。 ②表示在过去某个时间内所作的事情，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例：She bought many books yesterday .昨天她买了很多书。 I played table tennis with my friend last Monday. 上周一我和一个朋友打了乒乓球。表示过去的时间状语，有：yesterday，last week,last year,two days ago,... B．动词的过去式动词有规则动词和不规则动词之分。规则动词的过去式都是以-ed结尾，而不规则动词的过去式是没有规则。 ①一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。如：wanted，played。 ②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。如：hoped，lived。 ③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopped, shipped。 ④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加ed。如：studied，worried。 ⑤有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, eat-ate, swim-swam, buy-bought, see-saw, lose-lost teach-taught, bring-brought, think-thought, fall-fell, hurt-hurt, break-broke, win-won,

英语一般过去时用法总结(完整)

英语一般过去时用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择一般过去时 1．—Ann is in hospital. —Oh, really? I ________ know. I ________ go and visit her. A．didn’t; am going to B．don’t; would C．don’t; will D．didn’t; will 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：—Ann住院了。—真的吗？我不知道啊。我要去看她。根据句意，“不知道她住院”是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时；“我要去看她”是将来要发生的事情，而且是临时决定做的事情，应使用will表将来。故D正确。 2．This summer holiday, many foreign students _______ to China for a holiday. A．come B．have come C．had come D．came 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：今年夏天，许多外国学生来中国度暑假。表示过去时间发生的事，此处是陈述事实，用一般过去时。故选D。 3．Mary cleverly met the customer’s requirements that you ___________ to deal with, so she won the competition. A．failed B．fail C．may fail D．must fail 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：玛丽巧妙地满足了你没能应付的客户的要求，所以她赢得了比赛。根据句意可知句子用一般过去时态，故答案为A。 4．When I___ to the cinema, the film___ for 5 minutes. A．got, had begun B．get, will begin C．got, had been on D．got, has been on 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始了五分钟。for five minutes为一段时间要求谓语动词要用延续性动词，故A和B先排除，而从句的动作发生在主句动作之后，从句用一般过去时态，主句用过去完成时态。故选C。

一般过去时练习题及配套参考答案

一般过去时练习题及配套参考答案一、单项选择一般过去时 1．Only when the police showed her the evidence ________ that she had stolen the money. A．she admitted B．she had admitted C．did she admit D．had she admitted 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】考查特殊句式中的部分倒装。句意：只有当警察把证据给她看的时候，她才承认偷了钱。only置于句首，主句要用部分倒装，即be动词、情态动词、助动词放在主语前。时态要用一般过去时，故选C。【点睛】当“only+状语”位于句首时，后面的句子要用部分倒装，其中only后的状语可以是副词、介词短语、从句等。但在only后作状语的是从句时，从句不用倒装，要部分倒装的是主句。 2．—You’re late again. —Sorry. I ________ to set my alarm clock. A．forget B．will forget C．forgot D．would forget 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词时态。上句：你又迟到了。下句：对不起，我忘了设定闹钟。根据语境可知，“忘记”是过去的一件事情，所以句子用一般过去时态，故选C。 3．Not until he went through real hardship _____the love we have for our families is important. A．had he realized B．did he realize C．he realized D．he had realized 【答案】B 【解析】考查部分倒装句和时态。not until这样的否定词放在句首的时候，后面的主句是部分倒装，就是将be动词，助动词或情态动词放在主语前面，而且这句话的从句是过去时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作前面，不可能是过去完成时，用一般过去时。句意：直到他经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们对家庭的爱是很重要的。选B。【考点定位】考查部分倒装句和时态 4．Only after talking to two students__________that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. A．I did discover B．did I discover C．I discovered D．discovered I 【答案】B 【解析】

一般过去时的用法详解

一般过去时的用法详解公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-

一般过去时一．定义一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。谓语动词要用动词的过去式，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday昨天、last night昨晚、last week上周、last year去年，等。二．动词过去式的变化 1. be词的过去式：?am?is?的过去式为was;?are的过去式为were 注：在这种构成中，be动词有人称和数的变化，即要根据主语选用was?/?were。Be动词分为单数和复数，主语为单数用was, 主语为复数用were 2. 规则动词的过去式 a. 一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed。 look→looked play→played start→started b. 以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d。 live→lived use→used c. 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，先将 y 改为i ,再加–ed。 study→studied try→tried fly→flied d.以重读闭音节（即辅音＋元音＋辅音）或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加–ed。 stop→stopped plan→planned prefer→preferred 2. 不规则动词的过去式是需要记忆的，详见书上的不规则动词表三．一般过去时的基本用法

1. 表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 eg. He suddenly fell ill last night. (他昨晚突然病倒了) 2. 表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作。 eg. She went to the cinema once a month when she was at school. (她上学时每个月去看一场电影) When I was in the countryside, I often walked by the riverside. 我在乡下时经常在河边散步。 3. 一般过去时表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often经常，always总是，once a week一周一次，等表示频度的时间状语连用。 eg. She went to the cinema once a month when she was at school. (她上学时每个月去看一场电影) 4.叙述过去连续发生的一件件事。 eg. She got up early, fetched water, cleaned the room and then went out for a walk. 她早早起床，提水，打扫房间然后出去散步。四．一般过去时的判断标志词 yesterday , the day before yesterday , last + 时间 , this morning 时间 + ago , just now , a moment ago , in + 过去的时间五．一般过去时的句型转换 1. 谓语动词为be动词时陈述句式：主语 + be(was , were) + 其它. 否定句式：主语 + be(was , were) + not + 其它. 一般疑问句：Be(was , were) + 主语 + 其它？

一般过去时总结

一般过去时总结(Simple Past Tense) 一般过去时也译为单纯过去时。例A：He worked very hard last year. （去年他很用功。）例B：Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday. （史密斯先生昨天买了一辆新车。）例C：They were here only a few minutes ago. （几分钟前他们还在这里。）一、一般过去时的用法：解说：一般过去时最明显的现象就是常由表达过去之时间的副词或副词短语来修饰它（如各例句的斜体字部分）。这些常用于修饰一般过去时的副词有：yesterday, yesterday morning （afternoon, evening ）, just now （刚才）, before （以前）, then （at that time ）（当时）, last +时间（如last week, month, year, Monday, … January, … spring, …, etc. ）, that +时间（如that day, afternoon, summer, …, etc. ）, 时间+ ago（如a few minutes ago, two weeks ago , years ago, … etc.）二、一般过去时的主要语法功能： 1. 表示过去发生的动作或情况, 过去时间可以由状语或上下文表示出来： e.g. He returned home very late last night. 他昨晚很晚回家。 He turned off TV at midnight. 他午夜才关了电视。他常常在午夜后才关电视。He often turns off TV after midnight.

人教版英语英语一般过去时用法总结附解析

人教版英语英语一般过去时用法总结附解析一、初中英语一般过去时 1．John ________ his grandma every day when she was in hospital. A. visited B. was visiting C. visits D. is visiting 【答案】 A 【解析】【点评】句意:奶奶住院时，约翰每天去看她。奶奶住院是过去的状态，在这期间发生的约翰每天看望奶奶的动作指的是过去经常反复发生的动作，用一般过去时态，动词用过去式。故选A。 2．—I am sorry I _______ my exercise book at home. — Don't forget _______ it to school tomorrow. A. forget; to take B. left; to bring C. forgot; to bring D. left; to take 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】forget忘记；leave留下；bring带来；take带走。句意：抱歉，我把我的练习本忘在家里了。——明天不要忘了把它带到学校来。Forget后接动名词表示忘记做过的某事，接不定式是忘记去做某事，结合语境可知上文描述的是刚才发生的动作，故从句谓语动词用过去时态，下文表示不要忘记做某事，选A。【点评】该题型是属于基础题型，是必考内容。英语动词同汉语一样具有一词多义，一词多性的特点。解答此类问题首先要理解每个单词的基本含义，并注意交叉含义间的区别，了解其特殊用法及习惯搭配等特点，然后结合语境选择正确答案。英语宾语从句的时态和主句没有必然的联系，需结合语境进行具体分析。 3．He_________ me his name, but I can't remember it now. A. tells B. will tell C. told D. is telling 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：他告诉我他的名字，但我现在记不起来了。根据下文but I can't remember it now.可知以前告诉过我，要用一般过去时，tell的过去式told，故选C。【点评】考查一般过去时的构成和用法。根据语境确定的动词的时态。 4．John and I ________ to visit his grandparents last Sunday afternoon. A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone 【答案】 B

一般过去时(参考)说课讲解

一般过去时(参考)

语法:动词的一般过去时教学目标: 1.能掌握动词过去式的变化规则和一般过去时的用法 2.能灵活运用一般过去时进行肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的句式转换。教学重点: 一般过去时的句式结构及运用教学难点: 灵活运用一般过去时进行句式转换教学过程: 课前延伸（1、）语法导入：| I am a student.(我是个学生。)【一般现在时】 I was a student.（我曾经是个学生。）【一般过去时】找出上面的不同之处吗？（2）学生自主学习：初步理解一般过去的用法，并能把握和运用be动词的一般过去时的句式结构用法：一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如: once upon a time 从前

just now 刚才 a moment ago 刚才 yesterday 昨天 Yesterday morning 昨天上午 the day before yesterday 前天 in the past 在过去 last year 去年 last month 上个月 a week ago 一周前 two years ago 两年前 in 1990 在1990年 in 2003

在2003年提示：一般过去时态中相应的谓语动词要变成动词过去式，如is/am →was, are →were, do→ did, have/has→had ,want→wanted ,see→saw 等含有be动词的一般过去时的基本句式： 1．肯定句：主语 + was/ were + 其他 . e.g. 1）I was born in 1994. 2）There were many trees in our country ten years ago. 2.否定句：主语+ was not( wasn’t)/ were not (weren’t) + 其他 e.g. 1) He wasn’t well-behaved at primary school. 2) We weren't here yesterday. 3.一般疑问句:Was/ Were + 主语+其他？ Yes, …was/were./No, …wasn’t/weren’t e.g. 1)Was Miss Zhao your first teacher？=>Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t. 2) Were they busy making the project last week? =>Yes, they were./ No, they weren’t. 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/ were +主语+ 其他？ e.g.1)What was your first friend like? 你的第一位朋友是怎样的？=> He was very friendly and well-behaved. 2) when were you born? 你什么时候出生的？=> I was born in 1990. 测试学生学习掌握的was /were 的情况. 1. There ____ a big garden with lots of trees in it last year.

一般过去时详解

1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为； 2.一般过去时的基本用法 1带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时如：yesterday（昨天）、two days ago…（两天前……）、last year…（去年…）、theother day（前几天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、just now（刚才）、in the old days（过去的日子里）、When I was 8 years old（当我八岁时…）、at+一个时间点Did you have a party the other day？前几天，你们开了晚会了吗？Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷锋是个好战士。(在谈到已故人的情况时，多用过去时) 2有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。 I didn''t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.） I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病） 3.动词变化规则： 1．直接加ed：work——worked look——looked play——played, 2．以不发音e结尾的单词，直接加d：live——lived hope——hoped use——used,3以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：study——studiedcarry——carriedworry——worried, 4以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：enjoy——enjoyedplay——played5以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed：stop——stoppedplan——planned 不规则变化的动词过去式：is/am-wasAre-werebegin-beganbring-brought 1/ 3

英语一般过去时专项练习试卷(有参考答案)

一般过去时练习题一、写出下列不规则动词过去式及过去分词形式： am,is- are- do- see- say- give- get- go- come- have- eat- take- run- sing- put- make- read- write- draw- drink- fly- ride- speak- sweep- buy- swim- sit- bring-- can- cut- become- begin- draw- feel- find-found forget- hear- keep- know- learn- leave- let- lose- meet- sleep- speak- teach- tell- write- wake- think- 二、用be动词的适当形式填空。 1. I ______ an English teacher now. 2. She _______ happy yesterday. 3. They _______ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends. 5. The little dog _____ two years old this year. 6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited. 三、句型转换。 There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：______________________________________________ 一般疑问句：___________ 肯定回答：___________否定回答：__________ 2 They played football in the playground. 否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：___________ 肯定回答：___________否定回答：__________ 四、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go) 4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______. 8. What _____ she _____ (find) in the garden last morning? She ____ (find) a beautiful butterfly. It ____ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday 10. We all ___ (have) a good time last night. 11. He _____ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 12. Helen ____ (milk) a cow on Friday. 13. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read) 14. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play) 15. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now. 16. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.

一般过去时讲解及练习讲解学习

一般过去时讲解及练习