Unit 1
Short conversations
Listen to five short conversations and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1. A. Run five miles a week.
B. Bike for an hour every day.
C. Walk for 10 minutes after dinner.
D. Do whatever she can to exercise. (做任何她能做的运动.)
2. A. She may have some social events to attend. (她可能要参加一些社交活动.)
B. She seldom drinks full glasses of water.
C. She likes eating fresh fruit and vegetables.
D. She doesn’t like bread with whole grains.
3. A. Smoking is banned in all public places.
B. People can smoke in the designated areas of pubs and bars. (人们可以在酒吧和酒吧的指定区域吸烟。)
C. Restaurants are entirely smoke-free.
D. The smoking rules there are too strict.
4. A. Problems experienced by violent families.
B. Children as direct targets of home violence.
C. Impacts of family violence on children. (家庭暴力对儿童的影响)
D. Children’s emotional and behavioral problems.
5. A. A deep-fried egg.
B. A bowl of wholegrain cereal.
C. A piece of wholegrain bread. (一片全麦面包)
D. A cup of 100 percent vegetable juice.
Listen to a long conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1. A. Working in his office.
B. Walking with a friend.
C. Running in a park. (在公园里跑步。)
D. Exercising in a gym.
2. A. Because practicing tai chi is too boring for her.
B. Because getting up early is too difficult for her. (因为早起对她来说太难了。)
C. Because she has other outdoor activities to attend.
D. Because she often feels stressed after practicing tai chi.
3. A. Running at the gym.
B. Sleeping late at home.
C. Enjoying flowers and trees.
D. Sitting before her computer. (坐在她的电脑前。)
4.A. For exercise like jogging in the zoo. (锻炼身体，比如在动物园里慢跑)
B. For watching the baby pandas grow up.
C. For visiting the zoo together with him.
D. For seeing the special panda exhibits.
Passage 1
Listen to a short passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1.A. The quick tasks. (快速的任务)
B. The most urgent tasks.
C. The most productive tasks.
D. The most important tasks.
2 A. Get up as early as possible to get your work done.
B. Be a night owl and work late to complete your work.
C. Make use of your most productive time of day. (充分利用一天中最有效率的时间。)
D. Manage to get a day’s work done before a fixed time.
3 A. He checks and responds to them frequently.
B. He accesses them only during his real work hours.
C He no longer responds to the most trivial of them.
D He opens his inbox only when it’s necessary. (他只在必要的时候才打开收件箱)
4 A. To discuss the importance of email.
B. To show how to balance work and life.
C. To give some tips on how to manage time. (给出一些如何管理时间的建议。)
D. To share some ideas on how to work well.
Passage 2
Scripts and Answer
Listen to a short passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen for its general idea. When the passage read for the second time, fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear. When the passage is read for the third time, check what you have written.
In a perfect world, we would all avoid too much credit card debt and would never have to deal with the trouble of being unable to meet our credit card payment obligations.在一个完美的世界里，我们都会避免过多的信用卡债务，也永远不会有无法偿还信用卡债务的麻烦But this is not a perfect world, and unfortunately, these 1) distressing (adj.使痛苦的；悲伤的；使烦恼的)situations are the norm for many people.
If you find yourself in this position, or heading there(相差无几
spending（减少你开支）
不顾一切的；令人绝望的；极度渴望的) that you have few options available to you.
want?
One negative aspect of using credit cards instead of cash is that you 5)are totally unaware of the fact that you’re spending real money. The pleasant feelings you experience when you purchase the item 6）are isolated from the unpleasant feelings of making the payment when you get the credit card statement.
Studies 7)affirm that most people are much less likely to buy when paying with cash as opposed to credit cards. So, try leaving your credit cards at home, and pay with cash or check.
To really control your spending and your credit card debt, you need to examine what money means to you. Make an effort to notice how you 8)interact with money and what beliefs and attitudes you have about money. Studies also show that people with low self-esteem engage themselves in more 9) impulse spending and buying things they don’t need.
Remind yourself daily that your worth as a person has nothing to do with how much money you have. Once you 10)are convinced of this, you will break the psychological barriers（心理障碍）that were keeping you from handing your money wisely.
Unit 2
Shorts conversations
1.A. What the man will do after graduation. (这个人毕业后要做什么?)
B. Whether the job market is going to improve.
C. Whether the man should go to graduate school.
D. What the man should do in his last year of college.
2. A. She should work in a hospital.
B. She should have retired earlier.
C. She is too young to be nurse.
D. She looks younger than she is. (她看起来比实际年龄年轻。)
3. A. Having little to look forward to.
B. Facing the day to retire from work.
C. Physical inability and loneliness. (身体上的无能和孤独。)
D. Lack of someone to depend on.
4. A. Having energy and passion.
B. Having plenty of opportunities. (有很多机会。)
C. Having time to explore new places.
D. Having the freedom to pursue his dreams.
5. A. They are not good topics to discuss in a law class.
B. They are rather clear-cut and easy for the court to decide.
C. People don’t have any interest in talking about them.
D. People may have different opinions on the court decisions. (人们对法院的判决可能会有不同的意见)
Long conversation
8. A. How to get a good job.
B. How to see things differently.
C. What to wish for in life. (在生活中希望什么.)
D. What to expect from marriage.
9. A. It helps the sick to have courage.
B. It makes couples appreciate each other. (它让夫妻彼此欣赏。)
C. It gives people patience when finding jobs.
D. It helps you become wiser when you’re older.
10. A. He lost his job and house and was sick for years. (他失去了工作和房子，病了好几年。)
B. He lost the courage to live after getting sick.
C. He got really sick and lost all valuable things.
D. He had a hard time maintaining his marriage.
11. A. Telling the woman an interesting life story.
B. Teaching the woman skills to find a good job.
C. Encouraging the woman to pursue a happy marriage.
D. Giving the woman advice on important things in life. (在生活中重要的事情
上给女人建议。)
Passage One
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.
16. A. They live their whole lives in a mountain.
B. They live to a much older age. (他们活得更久。)
C. They have high expectations for life.
D. They seek doctors’ advice more often.
17. A. About seven years.
B. About five years.
C. About four years.
D. About three years.
18. A. It contains no meat or alcoholic drinks at all.
B. It has hardly any seeds, beans or caffeine.
C. It includes plenty of rich or spicy foods and nuts.
D. It is high in fruit, vegetables and whole grains. (它富含水果、蔬菜和全谷物。)
19. A. Diet and lifestyle are crucial to good health. (饮食和生活方式对健康重要.)
B. Good air quality is the key to living a long life.
C. Genetic factors have much to do with good health.
D. Climate conditions have little impact on one’s life span.
Section C Compound Dictation (10%)
Directions: Listen to passage three times and fill in the blanks with the missing words.
Of all the threats to human society, including war, disease and natural disaster, one outranks all others. （在人类社会面临的所有威胁中，包括战争、疾病和自然灾害，有一种威胁高于所有其他威胁。）It is the aging of the human population. 这就是人口老龄化。The 26proportion of people aged 60-plus around the world is 27 estimated to more than double in 2050. By 2047, for the first time in human history, the number of old people is projected to exceed that of children on the planet.老年人的数量预计将超过地球上儿童的数量。
This change will 28 have profound impacts on human society. One problem concerns the ratio of the number of people of working age to the number of older people, which is known as the “29 potential support ratio潜在赡养率”. This index n. 指标；指数；索引；指针vi. 做索引vt. 指出；编入索引中has fallen from 12 in 1950 to 8 in 2013 and is expected to drop to 4 in 2050. Its decline means that the burden on the young, 30economically and socially（在经济上和社会上）, will rise accordingly.也会随之增加This’ s because older people rely on (依靠，依
赖)the young, not only for care and support but also for the economic productivity that ensures 31 pensions can be paid and health and social costs met. ( 不仅是照顾
和支持，而且还有确保支付养老金和支付保健和社会费用的经济生产力)
A variety of issues in other areas such as family composition, the transfer of property,
the population “age-quake”,家庭构成、
too. For instance, family ties have been weakened by increased mobility and rising divorce, and hence the demand for 33 residential and nursing homes will increase since more older people will need to live in an institution or elder care center.流动性的增加和离婚率的上升削弱了家庭联系，因此对所住宅和养老院的需求将会增加，因为更多的老年人将需要住在机构或老年护理中心。
No matter what the future reality will be, the aging of the human population certainly 34poses a challenge to policy makers, economists and health care specialists around the world. This suggests that the human society will need to 35 be transformed into a structure that has the ability and resources to address the diverse needs of older people. 无论未来的现实是什么，人口老龄化肯定会对世界各地的政策制定者、经济学家和卫生保健专家构成挑战。这表明，人类社会需要转变为一个有能力和资源满足老年人多样化需求的结构.
Unit 3
Short conversations
Listen to five short conversations and choose the best answer to each question you hear. Answers
1.A. Studying for next semester.
B. Getting a part-time job.
C. Earning some money to fly home.
D. Going camping with friends.和朋友去露营
2. A. Because the yoga practice was more suitable for her.
B. Because she didn’t like the swimming lessons.
C. Because the fees for swimming lessons were too high.
D. Because she couldn’t fit two programs into her schedule.因为她不能在她的日程安排中安排两个项目
3. A. Because she will visit her aunt.
B. Because she will meet a couple.
C. Because she will have a visitor.因为她有客人要来。
D. Because she will phone her aunt.
4. A. Lots of food.
B. Warm clothes.
C. A van with a fridge.
D. Cooking equipment.
5. A. Confirm her hotel reservation.确认她的酒店预订。
B. Call to reserve a hotel room.
C. Look for a book about Sydney.
D. Arrange her time for the vacation.
Long conversations
Listen to a long conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear. Answers
8. A. It is in their neighborhood.
B. It is near the woman’s family.
C. It is an entertainment park.
D. It has nice paths and camping sites.那里有很好的小路和露营地。
9. A. By asking their family to help.
B. By using the woman’s backpack.
C. By buying a new grocery cart.
D. By using both their cart and backpack.用他们的手推车和背包。
10. A. Make a special trip plan.
B. Bake a chocolate cake.烤一个巧克力蛋糕。
C. Buy their favorite food.
D. Pay a visit to her family.
11. A. Drink coffee around a campfire.
B. Spend time with their family.
C. Walk together in the beauty of nature.
D. Cook their favorite food for dinner.
Passage 1
Listen to a short passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear. Answers
16. A. Because the museum opens only during the holiday season.
B. Because the exhibition will last for no more than a week.因为这个展览会只有一周的时间。
C. Because the museum workers will soon begin their holiday.
D. Because large crowds of visitors will come to the unusual museum.
17. A. Plenty of televisions that are on sale.
B. Anything that reflects Colombian culture.
C. Beds and sofas that you can try out.床和沙发，你可以尝试
D. Objects that show lifestyle change.
18. A. It provides a practical experience for us to think about laziness.它为我们提供了一个思考懒惰的实践经验。
B. It offers us a good place to have a rest in our fast-paced societies.
C. It teaches lazy people how to change their behavior and lifestyle.
D. It shows how furniture changed to meet the needs of modern people.
19. A. Think about laziness as an enemy of work.
B. Struggle to shorten our working week.
C. Sit down, relax and be lazy for a while.
D. Enjoy our leisure time if our jobs allow us to.
Passage 2
Listen to a short passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, fill in the blacks with the exact words you hear. When the passage is read for the third time, check what you have written.
A solution may be at the hand for holidaymakers who are struggling to find quiet, out-of-the-way places to go. For those who really want to get away from the crowded and much-traveled 26resorts, they now find it possible because a new holiday destination has 27 sprung up —Antarctica. However, this new hotspot, or freezing zone, might only be for those who are fabulously rich if a new policy gets under way. Tourism on Antarctica has been increasing 28 dramatically, from a few thousand people in 1985 to more than 40,000 in 2007. The growing number are 29 having an adverse effect on the untouched environment of the South Pole. To 30combat this, researchers from Holland’s Maastricht University have come up with a sensible solution: Limit the number of tourists allowed to visit and hawk the vacations to those who are determined to go and are willing to offer higher amounts of money than others for the trip.
Many environmental protection agencies agree that there is a need to protect the frozen 31wilderness from the damage created by modern tourism. Antarctica is the last 32 unspoiled place on earth. It has a very delicate ecosystem that could be easily upset by 33 streams of tourists landing in airplanes and using skimobiles. A difficulty exists because Antarctica is not a country and therefore has no government to pass laws or
34guidelines to control the number of visitors. The Maastricht University team’s proposal to 35auction off a fixed number of tourist places seems a workable solution. It would limit the number of visitors and therefore contain the amount of environmental damage, and the money would be used to protect Antarctica’s future.
Unit 4
Part I. Listening Comprehension (35%)
Short Conversations
1. A. Build more homes for homeless people.
B. Create more jobs for homeless people.
C. Provide financial help for homeless people.为无家可归的人提供经济援助。
D. Move homeless people to a fixed address.
2. A. Holding some social activities.
B. Organizing a basketball match.
C. Helping colleagues learn from each other.
D. Firing some inefficient colleagues.
3. A. Drive home even if the traffic is heavy.
B. Use the subway to avoid heavy traffic.乘坐地铁以避免交通拥挤。
C. Never go across town during rush hours.
D. Walk home instead of driving during rush hours.
4. A. Help Kate in her quest for financial independence.
B. Support Kate’s decision financially and psychologically.
C. Extend a helping hand and give love to poor people.伸出援助之手，关爱穷人
D. Provide help to poor people in Africa as volunteers.
5. A. How to reduce living expenses in our homes.
B. How to recycle used bottles in our life.
C. How to grow green plants for our homes.
D. How to reuse items to live a green life.如何再利用物品，过绿色生活。Long conversation
8. A. Because he isn’t satisfied with his team.
B. Because he has too much work to complete.因为他有太多的工作要完成。
C. Because he has met someone he doesn’t like.
D. Because he is afraid of his demanding manager.
9. A. To help him do his work in her free time.帮助他在空闲时间做他的工作
B. To get more people to work on his team.
C. To get his manager to reduce his workload.
D. To join his team to work for him herself.
10.A. He should count more on others’ help.
B. He should have confidence in himself.他应该对自己有信心
C. He should learn to deal with pressure.
D. He should accept more people into his team.
11. A. Because it is open all year long.
B. Because it is No.365 on 6th street.
C. Because it serves 365 different dishes.
D. Because it offers seasonal foods.因为它提供季节性食物
Passage 1
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.
16.A. Less innovation efforts.更少的创新努力。
B. Lowered product quality.
C. Poor working relationships.
D. Bad employment situation.
17.A. 46 percent.
B. 43.5 percent.
C. 61 percent.
D. 45.3 percent.
18.A. Because as a group, they are happy with what they are doing.
B. Because they are sure they will improve business performance.
C. Because they have better ability to deal with worker-boss relationship.
D. Because they see more opportunities for promotion as baby boomers retire.
因为随着婴儿潮一代的退休，他们看到了更多的晋升机会。
19.A. People have been expecting too much from their companies.
B. Welfare benefits have to be provided to satisfy workers.
C. The reasons for job dissatisfaction are found to be various.工作不满意的
原因有很多。
D. Economic reasons are the main cause of job dissatisfaction.
Passage 2
Directions: Listen to the passage three times and fill in the blanks with the missing words.
In recent years, doctors have focused on the growing rate of diabetes among children and young people. But the most common kind of diabetes, type II, is more 26Prevalent as people grow older and gain more weight. Before you know it, there is more fat around the waist and hips than you remembered. The statistics are 27scary enough to make you want to stop eating immediately.
The World Health Organization says by 2015, more than two billion adults will be overweight and 700 million will 28be classified as obese. Being overweight or obese is an expanding problem in many countries. Less physical activity and foods high in fat and sugar are considered as causes for this global 29epidemic.
Some researchers studied how body composition, the 30ratio of lean tissue to fat, and increased weight affected the risk of diabetes in more than 4,000 adults, aged 65 and older.
At the beginning of the study, none of the participants had been 31diagnosed with diabetes. Researchers assess the relationship between being overweight and the disease through 32keeping track of their body mass index.
According to researchers, even among adults over the age of 75, having a higher body mass index 33was still associated with a considerably higher risk of diabetes. Men who were obese had a five and a half times higher risk of diabetes than those who were just overweight. For women, the risk was about three and a half times higher. As hard as it might be, making sure your weight stays at a healthy level is the only way to keep the risk of diabetes down. The results 34affirm the importance of weight control during the middle and later stages of life 35in terms of reducing diabetes risks. The study has sent a warning signal to those who don’t think that there is much connection between their waists and their health.
Unit 5
Short conversations
New words
Capitoline Museums /'k?pit?lain mju:'zi:?mz/ 卡匹托尔博物馆(罗马）
Culture notes
Capitoline Museums: a complex of art galleries in Rome. The complex was initially founded in 1471, making it one of the first museums in the world open to the public. Listen to five short conversations and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1. A. She is best at folk music.
B. She is a really young singer.
C. Her music style is unique.她的音乐风格很独特。
D. Her performances are on sale.
2. A. How to appreciate Italian art.
B. When to start their tour in Italy.
C. Where to find good Italian food.
D. What to do on their tour of Rome.罗马之旅该做些什么?
3. A. Pop music.
B. Modern opera.现代剧
C. Pencil drawing.
D. American poetry.
4. A. 4 hours.
B. 6 hours.
C. 7 hours.
D. 9 hours.
5. A. It has superb sound quality.
B. It can only be watched online.
C. The actors have good speaking skills.
D. The actors remain silent throughout it.演员们自始至终保持沉默。
Long conversation
New words
streetca r/'stri:t?ka:/n.有轨电车
Golden Gate Bridge 金门大桥（旧金山）
Culture notes
streetcar: a vehicle running on steel rails along public urban streets. It draws electric power from an overhead wire.
Listen to a long conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1. A. She likes the changes in many sites.
B. She finds many sites stay unchanged.她发现许多网站没有改变。
C. The city is more beautiful than before.
D. The city looks the same as 15 years ago.
2. A. Getting to the top of a high hill.
B. Resting for a short moment.
C. Enjoying sunshine on the beach.
D. Viewing the bridge from a hill.从山上看桥
3. A. Visit Chinatown after eating.
B. Go to see the bridge immediately.
C. Eat before continuing their tour.在继续他们的旅行之前吃点东西。
D. Wait to enjoy the beautiful sunshine.
4. A. To truly experience it in no rush.不急于真正体验它。
B. To taste special foods in different restaurants.
C. To spend full days seeing each place.
D. To look for amazing things never seen before.
Passage 1
Listen to a short passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1.A. A woman who likes paintings.
B. A woman who was a silk merchant.
C The wife of a wealthy merchant.富商的妻子
D The wife of the painter himself.
2. A. The use of a wood panel.木板的使用。
B. The use of a special canvas.
C. The quality of the oil paints.
D. The accuracy of the human form.
3.A. Leaving some brush marks on purpose.
B. Hiding the subject's face in the background.
C. Putting the subject's hands and face in shadows.
D. Drawing the subject with accurate details.以精确的细节绘制主题。
4. A. The process of painting the Mona Lisa.
B. The reasons for the fame of the Mona Lisa.《蒙娜丽莎》出名的原因
C. The influence of the Mona Lisa on Italian art.
D. The techniques used in preserving the Mona Lisa.
New words
Mona Lisa《蒙娜丽莎》（油画名）
completion /k?m'pli:?n/ n.完成；圆满
aerial /'e?ri?l/ a.鸟瞰的；空中的
Passage 2
Listen to a short passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear. When the passage is read for the third time, check what you have written.
Each January, the entertainment community and film fans around the world turn their attention to the Academy Awards, which are officially known as the Oscars. Interest and 1anticipation builds to a fevered pitch leading up to the Oscar telecast in February, when hundreds of millions of film lovers tune in to watch the 2glamorous ceremony and learn whom the highest honors in filmmaking will 3 be conferred upon . The Oscars reward the greatest cinema achievements of the previous year. There are up to 25 categories of awards for outstanding individual or 4collective efforts. In each category, there are as many as five nominees determined by members of the relevant Academy branch. For instance, only film editors may 5 nominate for the Achievement in Film Editing Award. There are two categories standing as 6exceptions to this rule, namely the Best Picture category, for which nominees are selected by the entire membership, and the Best Foreign Language films, which are chosen by a committee of members drawn from all branches.
The members of the Academy are some of the world's most 7accomplished motion picture artists and professionals. There are roughly 6,000 members, who vote for the Oscars using secret ballots. The results of the vote are kept in 8 absolute secrecy until the TV presenters open the envelopes and reveal the 9 recipients on live television. In addition to the regular annual awards presented by the membership, the Board of Governors, which is the governing body of the Academy, 10is entitled to grant Scientific and Technical Awards, Special Achievement Awards and some other honors.
As one of the highest honors in the film industry, the Oscars acknowledge excellence
in filmmaking and carry great significance in the world of film.
New words
ballot/'b?l?t/n.无记名投票
Unit 6
Part I. Listening Comprehension (35%)
short conversations
Listen to five short conversations and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1. A. They have fewer pages.
B. They are disappointing.
C. They are worthy of reading.
D. They report important issues.
2. A. Hosting a radio program.主持广播节目。
B. Giving a lecture on management.
C. Doing a presentation in a company.
D. Attending a meeting on project development.
3. A. It shows the reality of our life.
B. It makes viewers feel superior.它让观众感到优越
C. It’s a good way to show one’s talent.
D. It’s embarrassing for people to watch.
4. A. By hanging out with their friends.
B. By chatting with others in person.
C. By watching movies in the theater.
D. By communicating on the Internet.
5. A. It is anti-social.
B. It is disconnecting people.
C. It is bringing families closer.它拉近了家庭之间的距离。
D. It is connecting different families.
Long conversation
Listen to a long conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1. A. Because the son is playing computer games with his friends.
B. Because the son is expected to help the mother cook dinner.
C. Because the father is meeting with his colleagues online.
D. Because the father is chatting with some friends online.
2. A. Because he needs to find out the results of a sports game.
B. Because he has to call his father during dinner time.
C. Because he will get into trouble for missing important news.
D. Because he wants to check the news about a golf player.
3. A. Having dinner without any electronics.在没有任何电子设备的情况下吃饭
B. Eating dinner together at home every day.
C. Spending at least 45 minutes on dinner.
D. Turning off all electronics during the night.
4.A. We have to use electronics carefully at home.
B. We overestimate the benefits of having electronics.
C. Electronics sometimes cause family disagreements.
D. Electronics sometimes have bad effects on people.
Passage 1
Listen to a short passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
1. A. Because it makes news report closer to reality.
B. Because it covers dominant events in our life.
C. Because it shows the depressing side of the world.
D. Because it gives us a break from the harsh realities.因为它让我们从严酷的现实中解脱出来。
2. A. They make every life decision carefully.
B. They desire to have a healthy lifestyle.
C. They do their utmost to gain attention.他们尽最大努力来吸引人们的注意。
D. They tend to stay away from social media.
3. A. Because they fuel the entertainment industry.
B. Because they help people to boost their business.
C. Because they inspire people to lead a meaningful life.
D. Because they contain things desired by common people.因为它们包含了普通人想要的东西
4. A. Celebrities’ lives are in fact depressing and harsh.
B. Celebrities’ lives are similar to those of common people.名人的生活和普通人的生活很相似。
C. Celebrity news is often shown for entertainment only.
D. Celebrity news is similar to other kinds of entertainment news.
Passage 2
Listen to a short passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear. When the passage is read for the third time, check what you have written.
British tabloids provide their readers with an exciting mixture of gossip, entertainment and news. They 1)differentiate themselves from mainstream broadsheets by giving prominence to celebrities, sports and crime stories.
No matter how many people 2) frown upon tabloid newspapers, it is a fact that the tabloids are popular and successful. The public has a demand for
3) concise news dose with minimum text and eye-catching pictures, and the tabloids are giving the readers just that. Here are some of the reasons why the British tabloids continue to enjoy popularity and success.
First of all, the British tabloids 4) combat the new media wisely. Print media all over the world is facing 5) severe competition from the new media, be it the Internet or television, and no one 6) is geared up for the competition better than the tabloids. Most of the British tabloids have
7) embraced the new media instead of competing with them and hence have created e-
versions or online editions of their daily tabloid editions.
Second, the British tabloids are getting the format right. They have maintained a 8) compact format, which is rather convenient for the reader to pick up, read and carry. The text is short and 9) is supplemented with eye-catching pictures. The entire format stresses more on the visual appeal rather than the textual content.
The British tabloids are proud of being what they are and accept that they are profit driven and aim for good business. The readers want 10) sensational news, and the tabloids have it. They do not compete with the serious newspapers, but rather carve special market for themselves. In this way, they have earned a readership segment that is large enough to keep them going in the business.
Unit 7
Part I. Listening Comprehension (35%)
Short Conversations
1. A. They teach competition as an essential driving skill.
B. They need more supervision over the high charges and bribes.他们需要对高
昂的费用和贿赂进行更多的监督
C. They are too few to meet the rising demand.
D. They have a demand for more competent instructors.
2. A. More food assistance programs are needed for ill-nourished people.需要为营
养不良的人提供更多的粮食援助项目。
B. The hungry and ill-nourished population in the world is increasing.
C. Only a small percentage of the world’s population lives in poverty.
D. Food security issues have become less serious than they used to be.
3. A. Help people realize the dangerous situation of old people.
B. Help people recognize the importance of old people to our society.
C. Help people change their understanding and feelings about old age.帮助人们
改变对老年的理解和感受。
D. Help people create an attractive environment for old people to live.
4. A. Climate change is happening faster than we think.
B. Governments should cooperate more to solve the problem.政府应该加强合作
来解决这个问题。
C. Human activities cause greater climate change than nature does.
D. Climate change is causing great damage to human beings.
5. A. She finds physical exercise exhausting.
B. She stopped exercising two years ago.
C. She lost 70 pounds of her body weight.
D. She often gives up what she tries to do.她经常放弃她想做的事情。
Long Conversation
8. A. Withdraw some money from their bank.
B. Move to an emergency shelter in their city.
C. Listen to the radio for news about the storm.
D. Go to a store to get more emergency items.去商店买更多的紧急物品
11. A. Batteries and flashlights.
B. Flashlights and cash.手电筒和现金。
C. Cash and clothing.
D. Water and food.
12. A. Because they have got too much cash at home.
B. Because they can only use cash in an emergency.
C. Because stores might not accept credit cards in a storm.
D. Because the credit card machines may not work properly.因为信用卡机可能
无法正常工作
13. A. $ 200.
B. $ 500.
C. $1,300.
D. $1,500.
Passage 1
16. A. The slow process of ordering goods from wholesalers.
B. The stealing of retail items from their stores by thieves. 小偷从他们的商店里
偷走零售商品。
C. The difficulty of making steady profit from selling goods.
D. The various expenses they have to pay for running the store.
17. A. Sell goods at higher prices than they normally do.以比平时更高的价格出售商
品
B. Sell high-priced goods only to ensure profit.
C. Keep their prices low to attract more buyers.
D. Charge an extra tax on goods sold in their store.
18. A. Wholesalers.
B. Manufactures.
C. Small businesses.
D. Large retailers. 大型零售商。
19. A. Punishing shoplifters on the spot.
B. Employing more security guards.
C. Putting security devices on products.在产品上安装安全设备。
D. Sending warning messages to shoplifters.
Passage 2
It is common knowledge that drug abuse leads to harmful consequences. Why then do people, particularly youngsters, continue to use drug? Psychologists claim that there are three basic 26) motivations that influence people to take drugs: curiosity, stress and environment factors. First, young people take drugs because they are curious, so they simply want to have a try. But the 27) hazard is that they don’t know taking seemingly innocent drugs can 28) develop an appetite for stronger drugs later on. Secondly, young people take drugs because they are frustrated due to problems 29) associated with parents, school or the opposite sex. They want to escape from the stress caused by all these problems. Thirdly, the environment can also 30) contribute to drug-taking. If, for instance, a youngster belongs to a community, school, or peer
group where other youngsters take drugs, he or she may soon be tempted to 31) follow suit, for fear of exclusion or non-acceptance.
There is a growing 32)consensus among psychologists about the best possible approach to the problem of youngsters’ addiction to drugs. They believe that school 33) authorities and social workers should work together to provide young people with much needed education on the dangers of drug abuse. Moreover, parents can do a great job in leading their children away from drugs by showing them attention, concern and love. Parents who always scream at their children and keep talking about their 34) inadequacies are regarded as likely drug pushers. A warm and happy family, where children get maximum encouragement and support, is most powerful against the attack of drugs. It is no 35) exaggeration to say that a happy home is a drug-free home. Unit 8
Part I. Listening Comprehension (35%)
Listen to five short conversations and choose the best answer to each question you hear. 1．A. They have characters with an unusual fate.
B. They tell stories of adventures in the world.
C. They make readers fall in love with reading.
D. They enable readers to have different experiences.他们让读者有不同的体验。
2. A. Because she can have more books to read.
B. Because she can have a place to talk freely.
C. Because she can meet people with similar interests.因为她可以遇到兴趣相投的人
D. Because she can take the chance to join other clubs.
3．A. People today have few fun games to play.
B. People today are too distracted and read little.今天的人们注意力太分散，很少读书。
C. People in the past watched too much TV.
D. People in the past didn't have Internet access.
4. A. She doesn't do much reading to her children.她不怎么给孩子们读书。
B. She isn't successful in parent-child relationship.
C. Her children are very curious about the world.
D. Her children lack a strong desire for reading.
5. A. It contains lots of characters.
B. It develops its plot based on facts.
C. It remains popular all the time.它一直很受欢迎。
D. It was written over 100 years ago.
Listen to a long conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear.
8. A. The words of the song.
B. The writer of the song.这首歌的作者。
C. The story told in the song.
D. The time the song was written.
9. A. To show his musical talent.
B. To show his appreciation of art.
C. To show his respect for Van Gogh.来表达对梵高的敬意
D. To show his knowledge about Van Gogh.
10. A. He wasn’t popular during his lifetime.他生前并不受欢迎。
B. He never tried to make his art understood.
C. He sold 72 paintings from a total over 2,000.
D. He sold one of his paintings after 72 attempts.
11. A. They both had extraordinary talent in painting.
B. They both liked to work on themes about stars.
C. They both liked writing songs very much.
D. They both showed persistence in their pursuit of art.他们都表现出对艺术的执着追求。
Passage 1
Listen to a short passage and chose the best answer to each question you hear。
16.A. To help first-grade students overcome reading problems.帮助一年级学生克
服阅读问题。
B. To help first-grade students develop an interest in reading.
C. To help all primary school students gain reading skills.
D. To help all primary school students pass reading exams.
17. A. They ask students to read many long novels.
B. They give students difficult materials to read.
C. They help students find the best way to learn.他们帮助学生找到最好的学习方法。
D. They require students to take lessons once a week
18. A When they can write stories in their own words.
B. When they have reached the average level of the class.当他们达到班级平均水平时。
C. When they can read long books with no difficulty.
D. When they have mastered all important reading strategies.
19. A. It has no long-term effects.
B. It takes too much class time.
C. It produces no obvious results.
D. It costs more than other programs.它比其他项目花费更多。
Passage 2
Almost forgotten these days, Mollie Panter-Downes’ work provides a vivid impression of life in the Second World War.
A Londoner by birth, Mollie Panter-Downes wrote for The New Yorker for about 50 years. In the 1930s, she sold the magazine a few poems, some short stories, and a piece about Jewish 26) refugee children coming to England. In 1939, with war approaching, Harold Ross, the editor of the magazine, was 27)desperate to find a London correspondent, and his fiction editor suggested Panter-Downes.
Thereafter, she started to write for The New Yorker, specifically for a column 28)
entitled“Letter from London”. Weekly or fortnightly, Panter-Downes would put together a letter of about 1,500 words and had it cabled to New York. There it needed almost no editing because her writing was always concise.
American readers 29) became informed of the war in England through Panter-Downes’ letters. They read of the evacuation of pets as well as children, and the difficulties people 30) are confronted with not just in terms of losses of ships and territory but also in terms of no food and hot-water bottles. The British temper found a splendid 31) spokesperson in Panter-Downes. She also desired to give voice to the people of all classes, and her willingness to 32) seek out working-class Londoners was evident in a report about a dustman’s family in 1944. Panter-Downes went on writing "Letter from London" into the 1980s. She wrote reporter Pieces and 33) profiles on such subjects as the British Museum and novelist E. M. Forster. Several of her books, for example Ooty Preserved (1967) and At the Pines (1971), largely appeared in The New Yorker. She 34) stayed loyal to the magazine for decades until 1985, not long after it as acquired by Samuel I. Newhouse, Jr. Today Panter-downes is 35)virtually unknown in Britain. It seems a terrible shame to risk losing a writer who makes accurate yet subtle observations about human beings and how they deal with life.
新视野大学英语视听说教程4第二版答案Unit 1 enjoy your feeli ngs! Anger Correct answers irritated blow up
Correct answers Happi ness Correct answers
badness Correct ansv/ers cheerless depressed heartbroken in low spirits out or sorts Basic liste ning practice Keys: CBDAD l Liste ning In Task 1 what a clumsy man! Keys: ACDCB Task 2 causes of depression Keys:(1)families (2)chemicals (3)information (4)certain symptoms (5)self-esteem (6)thinking patter ns (7)mood (8)divorce (9)physical abuse (10)fi nan cial difficulties (11)stress (12)a nxiety Task 3 happ in ess in dex Keys: BDAAC l Let ' s Talk Keys: (1) shy (2) crying (3)scared (4) came down (5) fun (6) nice (7) two sisters (8) argue (9) touch (10) bad time (11) speak (12) comfortable (13) brother (14) adults (15) children (16) sec on dary (17) growing up (18) lear n l Further Liste ning and Speak ing
The Temptation of a Respectable Woman Mrs.Baroda was a little annoyed to learn that her husband expected his friend, Gouvernail, up to spend a week or two on the plantation. Gouvernail's quiet personality puzzled Mrs.Baroda. After a few days with him, she could understand him no better than at first. She left her husband and his guest, for the most part, alone together, only to find that Gouvernail hardly noticed her absence. Then she imposed her company upon him, accompanying him in his idle walks to the mill to press her attempt to penetrate the silence in which he had unconsciously covered himself. But it hardly worked. "When is he going — your friend?" she one day asked her husband. "For my part, I find him a terrible nuisance." "Not for a week yet, dear. I can't understand; he gives you no trouble." "No. I should like him better if he did — if he were more like others, and I had to plan somewhat for his comfort and enjoyment." Gaston pulled the sleeve of his wife's dress, gathered his arms around her waist and looked merrily into her troubled eyes. "You are full of surprises," he said to her. "Even I can never count upon how you are going to act under given conditions. Here you are," he went on, "taking poor Gouvernail seriously and making a fuss about him, the last thing he would desire or expect."
Uint1 II. Basic Listening Practice M: I’m beside myself with joy. I’m so lucky. Guess what? I’ve won a lit of money in the lottery. W: Yeah? Well, you do know that money is the root of all evil, right? Q: What does the woman mean? W: Mary was furious. Her son wrecked up her car. M: He shouldn’t have driven a car without a driver’s license. He‘s still taking driving lesson. Q: What do we know about Mary’s son? 3.M: Susan, I hear you’re going to marry that guy. Some people think you’ll regret it. W: Is that so? Only time tell. Q: What does the woman imply? 4. M: Mary, I just want to say how sorry I was to learn of your mother’s passing. I know how close you two were? W: Thank you. It was so sudden. I’M still in a state of shock I don’t know what to do. Q: Which of following is true? 5. W: I get furious at work when my opinions aren’t considered just because I’m a woman. M: You should air your view more emphatically and demand that your vice be heard. Q: What is the woman complaining about? Keys: 1.C 2.B 3. D 4.A 5.D III.Listening in Task 1.What a clumsy man! Maria: Jack, can you help me move this heavy box? Jack: No problem, Maria. Here let me lift this end... Oops! Maria: Ouch! My foot! Come on, can't you be a little more cautious? Jack: I'm so sorry. It was an accident. No need to be furious! Maria: You're always so clumsy, Jack. I'm really losing my patience with all the stupid mistakes you make around the office. Jack: Calm down, Maria; I'll certainly be more careful next time. This was just an accident. Maria: If you aren't more careful, then next time someone could be badly hurt. Oh, look! The glass in the box is all broken now. Mr. Johnson is going to fly into a rage. Jack: Oh no! What can I do to keep him from hitting the roof? Maria: Well, you can begin by helping me clean up the mess and then honestly tell
新视野英语第四册作文 UNIT1 Parents differ from children in their career choice. The question of who should be responsible for planning their career often causes problems for many children. Parents think that they know their children well enough to decide what kind of job suits them. They are afraid that their children are too young to decide their future on their own. However, many children would argue that they should be left free to make their own choices. The other aspect of career choice is that parents and their children are often different in their opinions of the ideal profession. Parents would prefer children to choose some professions that are stable and could bring prestige and economic benefits. But some children would rather choose professions that are challenging and require independent and creative thinking. UNIT2 Charlie Chaplin is a great comic for his native land Britain, but even more so for the world. On the stage he often wore tiny moustaches, huge pants and tailcoats that were perhaps more characteristic of Europeans and may be not much of the British. Since more than half of the roles Chaplin played were in silent films, people throughout the world had no difficulty understanding his films. With sound movies, Chaplin created a nonsense language that had no known nationality and was accepted and appreciated by people all over the world. For most of his lifetime he did not stay in his mother country; he traveled throughout the world to appear on the stage for people of different nationalities. UNIT3 It is difficult to get a welfare client's wheelchair repaired. Once my wheelchair needed repairing, and I notified my caseworker. She gave me a lecture that I hadn't taken good care of my wheelchair. Then she told me that I must have the patience to wait until she had the time to report my wheelchair conditions to my medical worker. Then the medical worker called the wheelchair repair companies to get the cheapest bid and informed the main welfare office at the state capital. It took them another several days to consider the matter. When they finally got my wheelchair repaired, I had been confined to bed for more than half a month. UNIT4
新视野大学英语视听说教程第四册 听力练习录音文本和答案 Uint1 II. Basic Listening Practice 1. Script M: I’m beside myself with joy. I’m so lucky. Guess what? I’ve won a lit of money in the lottery. W: ? Well, you do know that money is the root of all evil, right? Q: What does the woman mean? 2. Script W: Mary was furious. Her son wrecked up her car. M: He shouldn’t have driven a car without a driver’s license. He‘s still taking driving lesson. Q: What do we know about Mary’s son? 3. Script M: Susan, I hear you’re going to marry that guy. Some people think you’ll regret it. W: Is that so? Only time tell. Q: What does the woman imply? 4. Script M: Mary, I just want to say how sorry I was to learn of your mother’s passing. I know how close you two were? W: Thank you. It was so sudden. I’M still in a state of shock I don’t know what to do. Q: Which of following is true? 5. Script W: I get furious at work when my opinions aren’t considered just because I’m a woman. M: You should air your view more emphatically and demand that your vice be heard. Q: What is the woman complaining about? Keys: 1.C 2.B 3. D 4.A 5.D III. Listening In Task 1: Soft answers turn away wrath. Mary: Dam! You’re spilled red wine on me. My new dress is ruined. John: I’ m terrible sorry! What can I do to help? Here’s s ome water to wash it off. Mary: Stop splashing water on me! Oh, this is so embarrassing! I’m a mess. John: Well, you do look a little upset. Please don’t blow up. Don’t lose your cool. Mary: Hmm, you’ve got the nerve talking like that! Who shouldn’t fly of f the handle? This dress cost a fortune. John: You look really cute when you’re mad. I kid you not. Some people do look
Unit 1 Enjoy your feelings! Lead in II (1)M:I'm beside myself with joy. I'm so lucky. Guess what? I've won a lot of money in the lottery. W:Really? Well, you do know that money is the root of all evil, right? Q:What does the woman mean? (2)W:Mary was furious when her son wrecked up her car. M:He shouldn't have driven a car on his own without a driver's license. He's still taking driving lessons. Q:What do we know about Mary's son? (3)M:Susan, I hear you're going to marry that guy. Maybe you'll regret it. W:Is that so? Only time will tell. Q:What does the woman imply? (4)M:Mary, I just want to say how sorry I was to learn of your mother's passing. I know how close you two were. W:Thank you. It was so sudden. I'm still in a state of shock. I don't know what to do. Q:Which of the following is true? (5)W:I get furious at work when my opinions aren't considered just because I'm a woman. M:You should air your views more emphatically and demand that your voice be heard. Q:What is the woman complaining about? C B D A D l Listening In Task 1 what a clumsy man!
Unit 1 Text A： Language focus： Words in use crumbled discern surpass shrewd conversion distort radiant ingenious stumped proposition Text A： Language focus： Word building： Practice 1 delicacy bankruptcy accountancy secrecy vacancy urgency atmospheric magnet metallic gloom guilt mastery Text A： Language focus： Word building： Practice 2 bankruptcies atmospheric delicacies urgency accountancy gloom magnet metallic mastery vacancy guilt secrecy Text A： Language focus： Banked cloze mentioned determine gained responsible heavily 1 / 24
opposite analytical distorted stumped Text A: Language focus: Expressions in use were dripping with in exchange for flared up make an analogy between set a date for make……out of made a pact had appealed to Text AiTranslation: Task 1 亚里士多德是古希腊的哲学家和科学家。他的作品涵盖了许多学科，包括物理学、生物学、动物学、逻辑学、伦理学、诗歌、戏剧、音乐、语言学、政治和政府，构成了第一个综合的西方哲学体系。亚里士多德是第一个将人类的知识领域划分为不同学科的人，如数学，生物学和伦理学。他相信人所有的观念和所有的知识在根本上都是基于感知能力。他对自然科学的看法构成了他许多作品的基础。他几乎对他所处时期的每一个人类知识领域都作出了贡献。他的作品包含了人们所知的最早的关于逻辑的正式研究，即使在今天，亚里士多德哲学所涵盖的方方面面仍是学术研究的重要课题。他的哲学对所有的西方哲学理论的发展有着经久不衰的影响。在去世2,300多年后，亚里士多德仍是最有影响力的哲学家和科学家之一。 Text A：Translation： Task 2 The Doctrine of the Mean is the core of Confucianism. The so-called "mean" by Confucius doesn't mean "compromise" but a "moderate" and "just-right" way when understanding and handling objective things. Confucius advocated that this thought should not only be treated as a way to understand and deal with things but also be integrated into one's daily conduct to make it a virtue through self-cultivation and training. The Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core of Confucianism but also an important component of traditional Chinese culture. From the time it came into being to the present, it has played an invaluable role in the construction of national spirit, the transmission of national wisdom, and the development of national culture. Text B: Reading comprehension： Understanding C-A-B-D-B-D-C-A Text B： Language focus: Words in use triggering obscure hypothesis formulate
新视野大学英语视听说教程第四册听力原文及答案 Uint1 II. Basic Listening Practice 1.Script M: I‘m beside myself with joy. I‘m so lucky. Guess what? I‘ve won a lit of money in the lottery. W: Yeah? Well, you do know that money is the root of all evil, right? Q: What does the woman mean? 2.Script W: Mary was furious. Her son wrecked up her car. M: He shouldn‘t have driven a car without a driver‘s license. He?s still taking driving lesson. Q: What do we know about Mary‘s son? 3. Script M: Susan, I hear you‘re going to marry that guy. Some people think you‘ll regret it. W: Is that so? Only time tell. Q: What does the woman imply? 4. Script M: Mary, I just want to say how sorry I was to learn of your mother‘s passing. I know how close you two were? W: Thank you. It was so sudden. I‘M still in a state of shock I don‘t know what to do. Q: Which of following is true? 5. Script W: I get furious at work when my opinions aren‘t considered just because I‘m a woman. M: You should air your view more emphatically and demand that your vice be heard. Q: What is the woman complaining about? Keys: 1.C 2.B 3. D 4.A 5.D III. Listening In Task 1: Soft answers turn away wrath. Mary: Dam! You‘re spilled red wine on me. My new dress is ruined. John: I‘ m terrible sorry! What can I do to help? Here‘s some water to wash it off.
新视野大学英语4听说教程答案 Unit One Warming Up F T NG Listening Understanding Short Conversations 1~5 A C B B D 6~10 B A C C D Understanding a Long Conversation 1~5 A B A C B Understanding a Passage 1~5 A A D B C Undenstanding a Radio Program 1 married in ST.Paul’s Cathedral 2 was a guest at the wedding ceremory 3 wore a hat with flowers at the wedding 4 is remmembered as having been naughty 5 was one of the designers of the wedding dress Culture Talk T F F T Listening and Speaking 1 They have high status. 2 They get the attentions of the public. 3 Using their fame to make money. Homework Supplementary Listening Task 1 1~5 D A B B A Task 2 1~5 C A B B A Task 3 1、shortage 2、assigned 3、centered 4、hospitalization 5、treatment 6、colleague 7、decentralized 8、There’re nurse-managers instead of head-nurses 9、decidea among themselves who will work what to do and when 10、an equal with other wise presidents of the hospital Unit Two Warming Up 1、Her new book 2、Original 3、Use your own words to complete it,this question has no correct answers. Listening Understanding Short Conversations 1~5 D D D C B 6~10 A A B C D Understanding a Long Conversation 1~5 D A B B A Understanding a Passage
新视野大学英语4课 后作文
第一单元 1. 父母对孩子职业选择的影响 Firstly, parents usually tend to look for a much stabler job as the first choice for their child. On the opposite, most young people prefer to create their own career. Secondly, parents maybe want their child work in a government or bank department, whose welfare is much better than other private sectors. By contrast, a number of young people would like to challenge themselves. In addition, I think young people want to choose their interested job as career. This may not comply with their parents' anticipation, either. 1.My Ideal Job我理想的工作 There are various kinds of jobs in the world, such as writing, nursing, teaching and engineering. But different people choose different jobs as their ideal careers. This is because everyone has his own interest. As for me, I have made up my mind to be a teacher. I choose to do so mainly for three reasons. First, I want to teach because I like the pace of
Topic 1: A Logical Fallacy I Have Committed What is a logical fallacy? A logical fallacy is, roughly speaking, an error of reasoning. When people speak of logical fallacies they often mean to refer to this collection of well-known errors of reasoning, rather than to fallacies in the broader, more technical sense given above.Look at a seemingly fallacious example: "if I fail my exams, I can't graduate. If I don't graduate, I won't get a good job, so I'll probably do odd jobs after graduation."This is a common fallacy, and some are taking it for gospel truth，just like I used to be.But in fact,some people can’t graduated from college or poor students not get goods grades also achieve great success in their future.We can't judge others by their present performances .Maybe they just can’t adapt their current study or lifestyle.I think the reason for this fallacy is that most people think mark is the main factor to determine the future，so they always put the mark in an important position and ignore other factors to our future. Topic 2: The Pursuit of Beauty Some people spend their whole lives to look for beauty，Some people spare no effort to keep young face,Some people are indifferent to the end of his life but comprehend the true meaning of beauty.So,What is beauty? In my eyes,beauty is a young man who gives his seat to the old,beauty is the police man who serves the people every day，as well as a children who take stray animals.The beauty in my heart is something invisible but can be feeling.In fact,We divide beauty into physical beauty and inner beauty.Physical beauty more focused on people, mainly refers to the body, appearance,its attention is the morphological characteristics of people.Inner beauty refers to the beauty of the inner world of human beings, and is the concrete embodiment of human’s thoughts, morality, sentiment, character and so on. Therefore, inner beauty is also called spiritual beauty.As for me ,I would like to pursue inner beauty.I think ,inner beauty is a manifestation of people’s thought altitude.Through it,we can recognize a real person.There is a saying goes：don’t judge a person by his appearances.So,inner beauty is willing to pursue.
新视野大学英语第四册课后作文 Unit1 Parents differ from children in their career choice. The question of who should be responsible for planning their career often causes problems for many children. Parents think that they know their children well enough to decide what kind of job suits them. They are afraid that their children are too young to decide their future on their own. However, many children would argue that they should be left free to make their own choice. The other aspect of career choice is that parents and their children are often different in their opinions of the idea profession. Parents would prefer children to choose some professions that are stable and could bring prestige and economic benefits. But some children would rather choose professions that are challenging and require independent and creative thinking. Unit2 Charlie Chaplin is a great comic for his native land Britain, but even more so for the world. On the stage he often wore tiny moustaches, huge pants and tailcoats that were perhaps more characteristic of Europeans and may be not much of the British. Since more than half of the roles Chaplin played were in silent films, people throughout the world had no difficulty understanding his films. With sound movies, Chaplin created a nonsense language that sounded like no known nationality and was accepted and appreciated by people all over the world. For most of his lifetime he did not stay in his mother country; he traveled throughout the world to appear on stage for people of different nationalities. Unit3 It is difficult to get a welfare client’s wheelchair repaired．Once my wheelchair needed repairing，and I notified my caseworker. She gave me a lecture that I hadn’t taken good care of my wheelchair. Then she told me that I must have the patience to wait until she had the time to report my wheelchair conditions to my medical worker. Then the medical worker called the wheelchair repair companies to get the cheapest bid and informed the main welfare office at the state capital．It took them another several days to consider the matter. When they finally got my wheelchair repaired，I had been confined to bed for more than half a month． Unit4 Compare the new welfare system with the old one and you would find a world of difference between the two. Under the new welfare system, the law encourages welfare clients to work on their own for a gradual shift away from welfare, and this is not the case in the past. Welfare clients now can develop their talents to make money. In the past, they often cheated to bleed the system for a few extra dollars. Now caseworkers will gladly help their clients find appropriate jobs rather than act like detectives to try to seek out any unreported properties. Today many welfare clients have made a choice to live a life of complete honesty and they tell the truth to caseworkers and declare any extra income they make. In cases like this, caseworkers will feel greatly relieved because they don't need to search for any cheating as in the past. Unit5 Some people prefer to live alone whereas some others have to live alone for one reason or another. Those people believing in inspirational solitude argue that no companion is more companionable than solitude. Literary giants such as William Wordsworth, John Milton and Henry Thoreau enjoyed living alone on purpose. Hunters or explorers enjoy themselves as they venture out to tame the great wild areas. On the other hand, there are some other people who have to live alone due to various reasons: being divorced, widowed or never married. Many of them feel bitter to live in solitude. They have no one to talk to and as a result they talk at length to themselves and to their pets and to the television. Unit6 Typically there are two kinds of people who choose to live alone on purpose. The first group of people is artists. They believe in the inspiration in solitude. One of my friends is a writer. He enjoys the time when he is alone because he can stay up late to read and, above all, concentrate on his writing