高中英语：情态动词
一、情态动词的概述
情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态，如需要、可能、意愿和怀疑等，有一定的意义但是不完整，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。
常见的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, ought to, need, dare, shall, will, should, would, be able to.
二、情态动词的具体用法
1. can （其过去式为could）
1)表示能力，意为“能够” She can speak English.
比较：be able to 强调设法做成了某事 =manage to do
The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from it.
表示将来的能力时，一般要用be able to
The baby will be able to walk in a few days.
2)用于肯定句中，表示理论上的可能性。
Anyone can make mistakes.
Don’t throw it away and it can be u seful in future.
3)用于否定句、疑问句中表示推测、怀疑、惊讶等,表示对过去的推测时，用
can/could have done的结构。
This can’t be done by him.
Can it be true?
How can you be so careless!
4)表示请求或许可，此时could比can语气更加委婉。
----Could I come here again tomorrow?
----Yes, you can. (回答时改用can)
【练习】
（1） A computer ______ think for itself; it must be told what to do.
A. can’t
B. couldn’t
C. may not
D. might not
（2）The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.
A. had to
B. would
C. could
D. was able to
（3） They will ______ run this machine on their own in three months.
A. can
B. could
C. may
D. be able to
(4) That big cinema ______ seat 2,000 people.
A. can
B. should
C. ought to
D. is able to
2.may & might
1)表示可能性。
He said that he might not be free that afternoon.
He may/might be ill today.
2)表示许可，意为“可以”，此时在疑问句中might比may的语气更加委婉。
You may go now.
May/Might I use your pen? (否定回答用mustn’t)
3)may用于祈使句，构成“May+主语+动词原形”表示祝愿。
May you be happy.
May you succeed.
4)may/might as well + 动词原形意为“最好….，还是….好”
We may as well stay here.
5)may well do “大概会，可能会”
You may well get confused.
6)may/might have done 表示对过去所发生的事情的推测。
He may have said so.
【练习】
(1) — Could I borrow your dictionary?
— Yes, of course you _______.
A. might
B. will
C. can
D. should
(2) — Might I watch TV after supper? — Yes, you ________.
A. may
B. must
C. might
D. can
3. must
1)表示“必须”，强调主观看法（have to强调客观上必须）
You must do everything as I do.
表示“不必，没必要”时，用needn’t 或don’t have to.
You needn’t go there at once.
注意---Must we turn in our plan this week?
---Yes, you must./No, you needn’t/don’t have to.
2)（只用于肯定句中）表示肯定的推测。对目前状况的推测用 must do 或 must be
doing，对过去的推测用 must have done.
It must be raining outside.
The light is on, so he must be at home.
Look at his new car. He must have earned a lot of money.
3)mustn’t 意为“禁止”
Children must not play with fire.
4)表示“偏要、非要、偏偏”
Why must it rain on Sunday?
Why must you do it?
【练习】
(1) You ______ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. may not
(2) Johnny, you ______ play with the knife, you ______ hurt yourself.
A. won’t ; can’t
B. mustn’t ; may
C. shouldn’t ; must
D. can’t ; shouldn’t
(3) --Will you stay for lunch?
--Sorry, _____. My brother is coming to see me.
A. I mustn’t
B. I can’t
C. I needn’t
D. I won’t
(4) --May I pick a flower in the garden?
-- ________.
A. No, you needn’t
B. Not, please.
C. No, you mustn’t
D. No, you won’t
4. need “需要”
1)need做名词时，构成There is no need (for sb) to do sth. 某人没有必要做某事。
There is no need for us to tell her the news.
2)sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事
sth need to be done = sth need doing 某事物需要被做（want, require）
We need to buy some books.
The flowers need to be watered.=The flowers need watering.
注意对need问句的回答:
--Need I finish the work today?
--Yes, ________________.
No, ________________. No, ________________. needn’t 对其它情态动词的回答:
--Shall I tell John about it? --No, you __________.
--Must we do it now? --No, you __________.
5. dare “敢”
1)用作情态动词时，没有人称和数的变化，其后跟动词原形。
2)用作实意动词时，有人称和数的变化，其后跟to do.
【练习】
一、判断正误
How dare you say such a thing?
How dare you to say such a thing?
He daren’t to speak English before such a crowd, did he?
He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
二、完成句子
（1）She dare not go out alone.
否定句：
一般疑问句：
过去时态的肯定句：
过去时态的否定句：
（2）She dares to go out alone.
否定句：
一般疑问句：
过去时态的肯定句：
过去时态的否定句：
6. will
1)表示意愿、意图和决心，意为“要、愿”(would是其过去式)
Will we buy a car?
I will do my best to help you.
2)疑问句中，与第二人称连用，表示“邀请、请求”(此时would比will更加委婉)
Will you please turn down the TV?
3)表示对现在或将来的推测、估计，意为“可能，想必“
This will be the book you are looking for.
That will be an insect.
4)表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性等，意为“经常，总是，大概，惯于”
Oil will float on the water.
The man is strange. He will sit there for hours without saying anything.
5)用于祈使句的附加疑问句中
Come here early tomorrow, will you?
Don’t go now, will you?
【拓展】Let us go out for a walk, will you? (动作不包括主语you)
Let’s go out for a walk, shall we? (动作包括主语you)
7. would
1)表示推测，意为“大概，也许“，可指现在或过去
That would be in the spring of 1997.
2)表示过去的习惯，意为“过去常常做某事“
The old man would sit near the fire for hours on winter evenings.
3)其他固定句型
would like sth/to do sth
would rather do sth “但愿，宁愿做某事“
would rather that从句 (要使用虚拟语气，时态向后倒)
【练习】汉译英
（1）我宁愿在这儿再待一周。
（2）我宁愿你明天来。
（3）我宁愿他上周就离开了。
8. shall
1)用于一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见或向对方请示(should是其过去
式，多用于间接引语中)
Shall she go now ?
When shall we start the meeting?
Mr. Lin asked if he should get his visa the next day.
2)用于二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁
You shall be punished if you do it again.
You shall have the book when I finish reading it.
3)用于第一人称表决心
We shall finish the task before Friday.
We shall catch up with them.
4)用于三人称，在条约、规定、法令文件中表示义务或规定，意为“必须，应该“
No reader shall remove a book from the library without the permission of the librarian. 【练习】
（1） He ______ be punished if he disobeys. 如果他不服从, 就要受到惩罚.
（2） We are not going to quarrel at all if you ____only let me speak.
只要你让我说话, 我们根本就不会吵架.
（3） --Sir, ____ he go or stay? --Let him go.
A. will
B. shall
C. might
D. could
（4） The door _______ open. 这门经常打不开.
(5) Ronald ______ stay in his small garden for a long time every day in the past.
A. could
B. might
C. should
D. would
(6) You _____ have the book after I read it. 我看完以后一定把这本书给你
9. should
1)表示责任、义务，意为“应当，应该“
We should respect our teachers and parents.
2)表示按照常理经验进行的推测，意为“一定会、应该会“
He should be sixty years old.
He should have got there by now.
3)表示惊讶，难以置信或不应该发生的事情，意为“竟然“
Why should he tell a lie?
The man should be so rude to a lady.
三、归纳总结
1. 表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.
1. I don't know where she is, she _______ be in Wuhan.
2. At this moment, our teacher ________________ our exam papers.
这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。
3. The road is wet. It ________________ last night. (rain)
4. Your mother ______________________ for you.
你妈妈一定一直在找你。
5. Philip ________________________ seriously in the car accident.
菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.
6. ---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.
---She _____________________ (go) by bus.
7. Mike ________________ his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.
迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。
【高考选粹】
1. I thought you _____like something to read, so I have brought you some books.
A. may
B. might
C. would
D. must
2. Where is my pen? I ____it.
A. might lose
B. would have lost
C. should have lost
D. must have lost
3. I didn’t hear the phone. I ___asleep
A. must be
B. must have been
C. should be
D. should have been
4. ---There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.
----It ____a comfortable journey
A. can’t be
B. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have been
D. couldn’t have been
5. It’s nearly seven o’clock . Jack ___be here at any moment.
A. must
B. need
C. should
D. could
2. “情态动词+ have done”用法一览
It must have rained last night, for the road is quite muddy.
Can he have gone to his aunt’s?
He cannot have forgotten it.
It’s too late. I think he may have gone to bed.
He may not have finished the work.
You ought to have done this exercise more carefully.
You shouldn’t have scolded her the truth.
You needn’t have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house.
【过手训练】
1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I for her.
A. had to write it out
B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out
D. ought to write it out
2.I was really anxious about you. You home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave
B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left
D. needn’t leave
3. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he a goal.
A. had scored
B. scored
C. would scored
D. would have scored
情态动词+完成时的语法意义（二） 三、can/could have done的用法 1.can/could have done表示“对过去的可能性推测”，could的语气较can弱。 该结构表推测时无肯定式，一般用于否定句和疑问句。否定句表示“过去不可能发生过某事”，它是must have done的否定式；疑问句表示“过去可能发生过某事吗”。例如： He can’t have forgotten it.他不可能已忘记此事。 Can he have gone to his aunt’s? 他有可能到他姑姑家去了吗？ I saw Mr. Zhang just now and he couldn't have gone to Beijing.我刚才看见张先生了，他不可能去了北京。 Why does he know this? Could someone have told him about it? 他怎么知道? 会是哪个人告诉他了吗? We could not have heard them because of the noise from the river. 由于有河水声我们不能听见他们的话。 Can he have left already? 他会已经离开了吗? They can’t have gone out because the light is on. 他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。 注意：在非正式英语或口语中，偶见到could have done也可用于肯定句，表示推测： She could have forgotten to tell him. 她可能忘记告诉他了。 Tom could have taken the money; he was here alone yesterday. 有可能是汤姆把钱拿走了，昨天他单独一个人在这里呆过。 In the example mentioned above, either method of construction could have been used.在上面提到的例子中，两种建造方法均可能用过。
初二英语情态动词填空练习题含答案解析百度文库 一、初中英语情态动词 1．Harry's been driving all day—— he be tired. A. need B. can C. shall D. must 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：哈利已经开了一整天车了——他一定累了。根据句意可知，开了一整天车，所以推测他累是一定的。所以用情态动词must。故选D。 2．All passengers ______ go through safety check before they take a plane. A. can B. may C. must D. could 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有乘客登机前必须接受安全检查。A. can能够，表示能力；B. may可以，表示许可；C. must必须；D. could可能，可以。登机前必须安检。故选C。【点评】情态动词词义辨析。以及can、may、must、could四个词的词义和用法。 3．According to the law, traffic keep to the left in England. A. may B. must C. need D. can 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：根据法律规定，在英国车辆必须靠左形式。A.may可以，表示允许；B.must必须，表示要求；C.need需要，表示必要性；D.can能，表示能力。根据According to the law,可知法律的要求，应是必须的，应用must，故答案为B。 【点评】考查情态动词。掌握情态动词的常用法。 4．— __________I wear a tie to Janet's birthday party? — No,you needn't. But do remember to bring her a present. A. Must B. Should C. Need D. Can 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——我必须戴领带去参加Jane的生日聚会吗？——不，你不必，但是记住给她带个礼物。对于must的否定回答是用needn't。而should应该；need需要；can可以。所以根据回答可知选A。 【点评】考查情态动词的基本用法。 5．—Life is becoming convenient with the Internet. —That's true! Almost everything ______ be done online. A. must B. could C. should D. can't
情态动词+have+done是历年高考的重点和难点之一，现将其用法总结归纳如下： 一、must+have+done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句. 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的 2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话,一定是发疯了 二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。 1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。 2.Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home.玛丽不可能偷你的钱,她回家去了 三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。 1.There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?屋里没有灯,他们可能出去了吗? 2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？ 四、could+have+done’是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做. He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.本来他能通过考试，但他太粗心 五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。—What has happened to George? —I don't know. He may have got lost. —乔治发生了什么事？ —我不知道，他可能迷路了。 六、“might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might 与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。 2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。 七、“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。 1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。 2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。 八、“should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” “shouldn't+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了.含有指责对方或自责的含意 1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。 2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him. 看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。 九、“ought to+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做……”，往往表示遗憾。与 “should+have+done”用法基本一样。 I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理应上星期日回家。 You ought not to have given him more help. 你不应该帮助他那么多。 十、“need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn't+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。 I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。 He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldn't have missed the train. 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。 “情态动词＋have done”表示对过去情况的推测或估计，是历年高考的热点。 1．should (ought to) have＋过去分词 表示过去应该做而（实际）没有做的事情,含有责备或遗憾的语气，意为“本应该……”；其否定形式为“should not ／ought not to have＋过去分词”，表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。 Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting , but he didn’t’ show up.（04’广西卷） A.should have arrived B.should arrive C.should have had arrived D.should be arriving [解析]本题中的一个关键词but暗示了“Mr. White按道理理应到了，而他没有到”.故答案选[A] 2．needn’t have＋过去分词表示过去没有必要做某事, 但实际上做了某事。 As you worked late yesterday, you_________ have come this morning.(06’陕西卷) A. mayn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t [解析] He needn't have come，表示“他本没有必要来（实际却来了）”，根据句意，答案应选[D]。 [注意] He didn't need to come yesterday，意为“他昨天没有必要来（实际也没来）”。 3．must have＋过去分词用于肯定句,表示‘过去一定做过某事’,表示一种很有把握的推测 [注意] 对过去发生情况的否定推测常用can’t／couldn’t have ＋过去分词。 I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ it somewhere .（05’北京春季） A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped [解析]本题应选B。本题的前一句说明一个结果，后一句则表示一个原因。 I ____have been more than six years old when the accident happened.(05’天津卷) A. shouldn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't [解析]从题意上分析，本题的前一句陈述一个理由，后一句则是由前一句得出的结论。故本题选[b] 。 4．may／might have＋过去分词表示对过去情况的一种不太有把握的可能性推测，表示“过去可能／大概已做了某事”；否定句表示“过去可能还没有做某事”。 We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. (06’天津卷) A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t Key:[b] 5．can／could have＋过去分词 表示“过去本来可以做某事，但实际上没有做”；否定句表示“不可能已做了某事”；疑问句表示“可能／也许已做了某事吗？”。 --- I stayed at a hotel while in New York . --- Oh, did you? You ＿＿＿＿with Barbara． A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed Key: [A] 巩固性练习：从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。 1．---You didn’t wait for Mr. Smith last night, did you? ---No, but we ______. He didn’t return home at all. A. couldn’t have waited B. needn’t have C. didn’t need to D. should wait 2．Harry ______ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday, but he gave up. A. could B. might C. should D. must 3．---May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six o’clock tonight ?” 1
英语助动词和情态动词及练习 一、概述 不同的时态（一般式、进形式、完成式、将来式），不同的语态（主动、被动），不同的语气（祈使、陈述、虚拟），不同的结构（肯定、否定、疑问），以及说话者本身的态度或命令、请求、愿望、可能等，所有这些都要借助于助动词和情态动词表达出来。助动词一般没有词意，不能单独作谓语动词，除非省略句中。他们只参加时态、语态、语气或否定、疑问结构。情态动词有词义，可以用来表示说话者的语气和态度。主要的助动词和情态动词如下表： 二、助动词 助动词一般没有词意，不能单独作谓语动词。其作用在于帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定、疑问等。 1、助动词be（am, is, are, was, were, being, been）的用法 （1） be后跟现在分词构成进行时态。 Who is playing the violin?谁在拉小提琴？ She was reading a book then.那时她正在读书。 （2）be后跟过去分词构成被动语态。 He was asked to do the work.有人要他干这件工作。 You are invited to attend the meetintg.有人邀请你参加会议。 （3）be 后跟不定式作谓语，有如下几种情况： ①表示计划、安排将要发生的事。 Who are we to meet?我们要见谁呀？ I'm to have supper with John this afternoon.今天下午我要与约翰一起吃晚饭。 ②表示指示、命令，否定式表禁止。 You are to see the headmaster today.今天你必须去见校长。 You are not to enter the room without permission.未经允许你不能进入房间。 ③表示义务、责任等，同should。 You are to be back before 5.你得在5点钟以前回来。 What is to be done?该干什么。 ④表示可能性，与情态动词may, can同义。 Such books are to be found in any library.这种书任何图书馆都有。 Not a sound was to be heard.一点声响也没有。 ⑤表示后来发生的事，可以用来表示命运或注定 They say good-bye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.他们告别了，没想到再也不能相见了。 He was to regret the decision.他有一天会后悔做出这一决定的。 ⑥用于习语 Where am I to go? 我该向何处去？ What am I to do? 我该怎么办？ 2、助动词have(has, had, having)的用法 （1）助动词have可以构成完成时或完成进行时
第九讲情态动词与虚拟语气 (一) 1．can/could (1)表示能力，意为“能，会”。 The smallest good habits can make a big difference. 最小的好习惯会产生很大的作用。 It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying. 过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。 (2)表示推测，意为“可能”，用于否定或疑问句中。can比could语气强。 This can’t/couldn’t be done by him. 这事不可能是他干的。 (3)表示请求或允许。在疑问句中可以用could代替can，语气更委婉。 Could I use your phone, please? 我可以用一下你的电话吗？ (4)表示理论上的可能性。 Always believe that good things are possible, and remember that mistakes can be lessons that lead to discoveries. 要始终相信美好事物的降临并非不可能，失误也会变成经验教训，从而获得更多发现。 (5)用于否定句和疑问句，表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。 He can’t/couldn’t do this. 他不可能这样干。(表示不相信) Can this be done by him?
这可能是他干的吗？(表示疑惑、惊讶) (6)用于固定结构中 ①can’t ... too/enough表示“无论……也不过分；越……越好”。 You can’t be too careful while driving. 你开车时越小心越好。 ②can’t help doing sth.表示“禁不住做某事”。 Hearing this story, I couldn’t help laughing. 听到这个故事，我禁不住大笑起来。 [名师指津] can 和be able to都可以表示能力，二者有时可互换。但be able to 可以表示“终于做成某事”，有更多时态和人称的变化；还可与某些情态动词或系动词连用，如might, ought to, seem等；还可用非谓语动词形式。 If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem. 如果你睡个好觉，那么你就能做出这道题。 He seemed to be able to put complicated thought in simple words. 他似乎能把复杂的思想用简单的话语说出来。 She grasped my hand, not being able to say anything. 她抓着我的手，什么话也说不出来。 2．may/might (1)表示请求和许可。在疑问句中，might可以代替may，语气更加委婉。 May I ask if you are fond of traveling by sea? 我可以问一下你是否喜欢乘船旅行？ Might I borrow your computer? 我可以借一下你的电脑吗？ (2)表示可能性，可以对现在、过去或将来进行推测。通常用于肯定句和否定句。might 比may语气弱。 Parents may scold their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. 当孩子不整洁的时候，父母也许会责骂孩子。但他们也应该理解孩子们的房间是他们的私人空间。 If you forgot to turn it off when you went away, you might burn down the house. 当你离开时如果忘记关掉它，你可能会把整个房子都烧毁的。 (3)表示祝愿，常用结构为“May＋主语＋动词原形！” May you succeed! 祝你成功！
仁爱版八年级英语情态动词专题 一、教学内容：情态动词 二、重难点内容：情态动词的语法特征及用法 三、具体内容： 1. 情态动词的语法特征 (1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 (2)情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。 (3)情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 (4)情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。 2 比较can 和be able to (1)can/could 表示能力；可能（过去时用could）, 只用于现在式和过去式（could）。be able to可以用于各种时态。 例如：They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他们很快就能告诉你消息了。 (2)只用be able to的情况：a. 位于助动词后。 b. 位于情态动词后。 c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。 d. 用于句首表示条件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事时，用was/were able to，不能用could。 例如：He was able to flee（逃走）Europe before the war broke out. = He managed（办理）to flee Europe before the war broke out. 他在战争爆发之前逃离欧洲。 注意：could有时不表示时态 (1)提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。 例如：Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗？ Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 可以/不可以。 (2)在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。例如： He couldn’t be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。 3. 比较may和might (1)表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。 例如：May God bless（赐惠于，赐福于）you! 愿上帝保佑你！ He might be at home. 他可能在家。 注意：might 表示推测时，不表示时态，只是可能性比may 小。 (2)成语：may/might as well，后面接不带to 的不定式，意为“不妨”。 例如：If that is the case, we may as well try. 如果情况确实如此，我们不妨试一试。 4. 比较have to和must (1)两词都是“必须”的意思，have to 表示客观的需要，must 表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要。 例如：My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事） He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）
初二英语英语情态动词知识点总结含答案百度文库 一、初中英语情态动词 1．—Must I clean the classroom now? —No, you_______. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：--我必须现在把教室打扫干净吗？--不，你不必。must I do …?的否定回答是No, you needn't 或者 No , you don't have to 。根据是否定回答，故选C。 2．—Where is Monica? I can't find her anywhere. —She be in the library. She loves reading books when she is free. A. must B. need C. can't 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——莫妮卡在哪？我到处都找不到她。——她肯定在图书馆，她喜欢空闲时看书。A肯定，肯定句中表示推测，B需要，C不可能，否定句中表示推测，根据 She loves reading books when she is free ，可知是肯定句表示推测，故选A。 【点评】考查情态动词，注意情态动词表推测的用法。 3．We __________ pay to get into the concert. It's free. A. can't B. mustn't C. might not D. don't have to 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们进入音乐会不必付钱。这是免费的。A.can"t 不可能； B. mustn"t 禁止； C.might not 可能不；D. don"t have to不必。根据It's free.可知音乐会是免费的，因此不必付钱。故选D。 4．—Where is George? —He _______ be here just now. His coffee is still warm. A. need B. can't C. must D. shouldn't 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——乔治在哪里？——他刚才一定在这里，他的咖啡还是热的。A. need需要； B. can't 不能，不可能（表示推测）； C. must 必须，一定（表示推测）； D. shouldn't不应该；根据His coffee is still warm.可知表示肯定推测一定在这儿；故
情态动词+完成时
情态动词+完成时 （modal verbs + have + past participle） 情态动词和动词原型连用，表示对目前或将来情况的看法或态度 情态动词和完成时连用时，表示对过去情况的看法或态度。 1. should+have+过去分词表示过去“本应该┅”，实际上是说话人在表达责 备，抱怨或遗憾的意思。 We should have cut away the jungle bush. 我们本应该把丛林的灌木砍掉。 How I regretted the days when I had played and should have studied. 我多么懊悔我把本应该好好学习的日子都玩掉了。 s houldn’t+have+过去分词表示过去“本不应该┅”而实际上做了的动作。 You shouldn’t have told anyone about it. 你本来不应该告诉任何人。 They shouldn’t have left so soon. 他们本来不应该去得那么早。 2. ought to + have + 过去分词表示过去“本应该┅”，相当于“should + ha ve + 过去分词” You ought to have helped him. 你本应该帮他一把。 You ought to have returned these books to the school library last week. 上周你就应该把这些书还给学校图书室。 否定形式oughtn’t to + have + 过去分词= shouldn’t + have +过去分词eg. You oughtn’t to have taken his umbrella away. 你不该把他的伞拿走。 He oughtn’t to have been there.
七年级英语双休日作业 班级：姓名：等级 英语句型变化总结练习 1、含有be动词am，is，are构成的句子： 变一般疑问句时把am，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用问号即可。 变否定句时直接在am，is，are后面加not即可。例如： 肯定句:He is a student. 一般疑问句: a student? 否定句: He a student. 肯定句：We are from China. 一般疑问句: from China? 否定句：We from China 2. 由情态动词can, may, should等构成的句子: 变一般疑问句时把can, may,提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可. 变否定句时直接在can, may,后面加not即可. 例如: 肯定句: She can swim. 一般疑问句:she swim? 否定句: She swim. 3. 由行为动词构成的句子: 需要加助词do或does. 变一般疑问句时把do/does放在句子前面. 变否定句时在主语后面加don’t / doesn’t , 谓语用动词原形。例如: 肯定句: They play football after school. 一般疑问句: play football after school? 否定句: They football after school. 肯定句：Tom watches TV every day. 一般疑问句: Tom TV every day? 否定句: Tom TV every day.
注意：变否定句时相关词的改变 肯定句变否定句时，除将谓语变为否定式外，句中其他词语也可能随之改变： 如将some改为any，too和also改为either，and改为or等：There are some birds in the tree. 树上有些鸟。 →There aren’t ______ birds in the tree. 树上没有鸟。 He likes the book, too. 他也喜欢这本书。 →He doesn’t like the book, ______. 他也不喜欢这本书。He likes singing and dancing. 他喜欢唱歌和跳舞。 →He doe sn’t like singing ______dancing. 他不喜欢唱歌也 不喜欢跳舞。补充练习： 根据句后括号内的要求，填入句中所缺的词： 1. I know the answer. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ know the answer? 2. We can see some birds. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ see ______ birds? 3. There is a computer in the house. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ a computer in the house? 4. There are some flowers on the teachers’ desk. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ any flowers on the teachers’ desk? 5. There are some apples on the tree. (否定式) There ______ ______ ______ apples on the tree. 6. I think he is old. (否定句) I ______ think he ______ old.
情态动词精选练习 1. _____ I go out to play now，Mum? No，you______ ． A．May，shouldn't B．Can，needn't C．Must，can't D．May．mustn't 2. Help me with this case．_______ you? A．don't B．will C．do D．shall 3. They started early that morning in order that they______ there before noon．A．might get B．may get C．would get D．got 4. A teacher do every exercise，but a pupil________． A．needn't，must B．may not，must C．needn't, needn't D．can't, must 5. If you _____ do as I tell you，you______ go to the party． A．can，shan't B．will, won't C．won't，shall D．won't, shan't A．will B．would C．do D．can 7. Don't believe him．His story ______ be true． A．mustn't B．needn't C．shouldn't D．may not 8. ---She must have gone back to the valley． ---No, she ____ . The entrance to it was nowhere to be found． A．mustn't B．needn't C．couldn't D．hadn't 9. You need not do it at once,________? A．needn't you B．mustn't you C．don't you D．need you 10. He must be in the classroom．______ he? A．mustn't B．can't C．isn't D．Can 11. Let's go to the library．shall we? ________． A．No，I can't B．Yes．I will C．Yes，thank you D．No，We'd better not 12. You ought to have called him yesterday． Yes, I know I_______． A．ought to B．ought to have C．ought to have done D．ought to have called 13. ---Why did you keep it a secret from me? ---I ____ about it． A．should be told B．ought to have been told C．should have told D．ought to be told 14. The work _______ be finished in such a short time． A．wasn't able to B．couldn't C．ought D．could 15. He looks very tired．He ____ to bed too late last night． A．must go B．must have gone C．could go D．didn't go 16. The door ______ lock． mustn't．D won't ．C may not ．B can't ．A
初二英语英语情态动词知识点总结含答案推荐精选 一、初中英语情态动词 1．— Dick, ________ I use your e-dictionary? — Yes, sure. ________ you give it to David after you use it? A. will; Would B. may; Might C. can; Could D. shall; Should 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:一Dick我可用一下你的电子词典吗?一当然可以。在你用完后你能把它给他David吗？根据句意及题干分析第一空表示请求允许，所以可以用may或can;第二空是表示对别人的请求.所以用could表示更加委婉，故选C。 2．—How amazing this robot is! —Wow, it has video cameras in its eyes, so it “see” and interact with people. A. may B. can C. must D. should 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：—这个机器人多么惊人啊！—哇，在它的眼睛里有摄像机，因此它能看见和人打交道。A. may 可以，可能；表示许可，B. can 能；表示能力，C. must 必须；D. should应该；根据it has video cameras in its eyes,可知是有能力看见，故选B。 【点评】考查情态动词辨析。熟记情态动词的含义和用法。 3．According to the law, traffic keep to the left in England. A. may B. must C. need D. can 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：根据法律规定，在英国车辆必须靠左形式。A.may可以，表示允许；B.must必须，表示要求；C.need需要，表示必要性；D.can能，表示能力。根据According to the law,可知法律的要求，应是必须的，应用must，故答案为B。 【点评】考查情态动词。掌握情态动词的常用法。 4．Please don't make so much noise. I ________ hear the speaker very well. A. needn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. mustn't 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：请不要发出那么多噪音。我不能很好地听清楚发言者的话。needn't不必；can't不能；shouldn't不应该；mustn't禁止。根据前半句的Please don't make so much noise.可知别人发出了太多噪音，所以他无法听见演讲者的话，故用情态动词can't。故选B。 【点评】考查情态动词，结合句意和词义做出判断。 5．A hard-working man ______ become a great scientist, but a great scientist _______ be a
Period Ten 情态动词和助动词 重点掌握情态动词can, may, must, need等词在语境中的运用，情态动词在句子中常用来表示“能力，允许，禁止，意愿，可能”等情感或态度。掌握助动词do, will, shall, have, be在句中的作用。 一、情态动词 1. 情态动词的定义 情态动词表示说话人对所述动作或状态的态度或看法。情态动词本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和动词一起构成谓语，在各种人称后都用同样的形式。 2. 情态动词的用法 (1)can的用法 ①表示人或物本身所具有的能力，意为“能，能够，会”。eg: Can you skate? 你会滑冰吗？ She can speak a little Chinese. 她能讲一点儿汉语。 ②表示可能性，意为“可能会”，常用于否定句或疑问句。eg: Can it be true? 那会是真的吗？ That can’t be Mary; she’s in hospital. 那不可能是玛丽；她住院了。 (2) could的用法 ①could可以表示过去的能力，若表示现在的能力时，语气比can委婉。eg: She couldn’t swim half a year ago. 她半年前不会游泳。 What a good idea! Maybe I could talk about English names. 你的想法太好！也许我能谈谈英国人的名字问题。 ②表示礼貌，常用在疑问句中，意为“能，可以”，答语一般用can。 —Could I borrow your bicycle? 我可以借一下你的自行车吗？ —Yes, you can./ No, you can’t. 是的，可以。/不，不行。 ③表示猜测、怀疑等态度，一般用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。对现在情况表示猜测时，could 比can更 不确定，其结构为“can/could+动词原形”；对过去表示猜测时，结构为“can/could+ have+过去分词”。eg: You could be right, I suppose.我想可能是你对。 Don’t worry. They could have just forgotten to phone. 别担心。他们很可能只是忘了打电话。 (3) may和might的用法 ①表示允许，用于肯定句。eg: You may come if you wish. 你要来就来吧。 Passenges may cross by the footbridge. 乘客可使用步行桥。 ②表示许可，用于疑问句。might是may 的过去式，比may语气委婉。eg: May I come in? 我可以进来吗？ Might I make a suggestion ? 我可以提个建议吗？ ③表示客观不可能性。eg: Take an umbrella with you. It may rain. 带上雨伞，可能会下雨。 (4) must的用法 ①must表示“必须”时多用于肯定句或疑问句，其否定回答用needn’t；，用于否定句时，表示“不应该，不 许可，不准，禁止”。eg: I must go to the bank to get some money. 我得到银行去取些钱。 Cars mustn’t park in front of the entrance. 入口处不得停放汽车。 ②它在肯定句中，还可表示“推测”，意为“一定”。“must be”表示对现在某事的推测；“must have done” 表示对过去的推测；反意疑问时，要根据must后的be或have来做。eg: