高考英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones? You'll help the environment and your guests won't go hungry. "I used to work in school catering and saw a lot of money being thrown away. I thought that was criminal, so I decided to do something about it," said Italian school chef Tiziano Vicentini.
Now, Vicentini has an amazing range of edible plates for schools. The plates are made out of bread dough, so you can eat them afterwards. "These dishes cost a few pennies each and are either eaten by the kids, or go into recycling bins for animal food," explained Vicentini, 50, of Milan. But now other companies are developing edible plates, too. The Edible-Plate Company offers edible plates, bowls, trays and cups. Their products are environmentally-friendly, 100% biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And they're made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally.
They also have a range of cutlery（餐具） made from corn and potato starch（淀粉）. These plates will also help reduce the amount of plastic; we create. Waste from plastic causes a lot of damage to the environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management. Plastic bags often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing tough recycling regulations. And many shops are offering biodegradable plastic bags and eco-safe packaging on their products. To help matters, the International Organization for Standardization (the ISO) has also developed a system to evaluate the biodegradability of products, with a certification and logo scheme, Meanwhile, how about a nice plate for lunch?
（1）Which of the following is not the advantage of edible plates?
A. They are expensive.
B. They can degrade naturally.
C. They are environmentally-friendly.
D. They are made from natural plant.
（2）Which of the following statements is true?
A. Tiziano is from Germany.
B. Edible plates are only used for school catering.
C. Corn and potato starch can be used to make cutlery.
D. The Edible Plate Company doesn't produce edible bowls.
（3）What does the underlined word "this" refer to?
A. The air pollution.
B. The edible cutlery.
C. The toxic gases caused by the burning of plastic.
D. The damage to the environment caused by plastic waste.
（4）What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The measures to stop the pollution.
B. The ways to reduce the plastic waste.
C. How to make edible plates from natural plants. .
D. The plate solution to eating and environmental problem.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了饮食和环境的问题，并且提出了相应的解决方法。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Their products are environmentally-friendly, 100% biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And they're made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally.”可知，“昂贵”不是edible plates的优势。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They also have a ran ge of cutlery（餐具） made from corn and potato starch（淀粉）．”可知，玉米和马铃薯淀粉可用于制作餐具。故选C。（3）考查代词指代。根据第三段中的“Waste from plastic causes a lot of damage to the environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management. Plastic bags often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing tough recycling regulations.” 塑料垃圾对环境造成了很大的破坏，同时也给政府带来了数百万的垃圾管理。塑料袋经常会出现在垃圾填埋场或街道上。而燃烧的塑料垃圾会导致有毒气体污染空气。作为对此的回应，世界各国政府正在出台严格的回收法规。由此可知this指的是“塑料垃圾对环境造成的破坏。”故选D。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones? You'll help the environment and your guests won't go hungry."可知，本文讲述的是饮食和环境问题的解决方案。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，代词指代和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there.
In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban.
Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides.
Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases.
Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality.
For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air.
（1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city?
A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week.
B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday.
C. By limiting the number of new cars.
D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles?
A. Raised the number of public vehicles.
B. Offered free bus and subway rides.
C. Introduced more travel options.
D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city.
（3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico?
A. Alternate-day rules.
B. Tax rises.
C. Congestion charge.
D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage?
A. Mexico —an Island Plateau
B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico
C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones
D. How to Improve Air Quality
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，墨西哥墨西哥政府为了提高空气质量，在实施车辆禁令时提供免费巴士和地铁。他们希望城市应该是无车区。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from dr iving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month.”可知，墨西哥是通过每周有一天禁止私人和联邦车辆来禁止车辆进入城市的。故选A。
(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides.”可知，墨西哥政府在实施车辆禁令时提供免费巴士和地铁。故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段最中的“The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality.”可知，拥挤费有助于改善墨西哥的空气质量。故选D。
(4)考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air.”可知，城市应该是无车区。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
I visited Copenhagen for the first time last Easter. As a student，I'm always strapped for cash，so I assumed I could only afford to breathe the air — but luckily everything about Copenhagen is breathtaking.
I was staying in an Airbnb, and rented a bike so I could cover more ground. One of the first places I visited was the Rundetaarn, or “round tower” built in the 17th century as an astronomical observatory. It has an equestrian staircase (a wide set of stairs big enough for horses to use) that went on and on. As I was going up, I stopped to visit the tower's library hall. At the top, there's a glass platform that gives a view 80-foot straight down, as well as a bell loft. Luckily, the views over Copenhagen from the top were well worth the climb.
After coming down, I hiked up to the Kastellet Fortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue. Taking a photo with her was almost impossible with all the tourists crowding around—but sitting there and hearing the lapping waves of the deep blue Baltic Sea, waiting for the sun to set, was an unforgettable and calming experience.
The next day, I visited the Glyptotek art museum, exploring the grand exhibits. I looked into the marble eyes of many Roman gods，and walked down dimly lit staircases to see mummies from Egypt.
Before I unwillingly boarded the train back to the airport, I told myself that I must visit again—to experience the thrills of Tivoli Gardens, try more of the street food and everything else from this amazing city.
（1）Why did the author rent a bike?
A. Because she loved to ride a bike.
B. Because she didn't afford to rent a car.
C. Because she found nowhere to rent other vehicles.
D. Because she wanted to see as many attractions as possible.
（2）What did the author find difficult at the Kastellet Fortress?
A. Finding a sitting place
B. Waiting for the sun to set
C. Listening to the sound of waves
D. Having a photo taken with a statue.
（3）Which of the following didn't the author visit?
A. Rundetaarn
B. Tivoli Gardens
C. Glyptotek art museum
D. Little Mermaid Statue （4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To remember a holiday
B. To introduce a new attraction
C. To share her travel experience
D. To show her love of Copenhagen
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I was staying in an Airbnb, and rented a bike so I could cover more ground.”可知作者租一辆自行车是因为她想要看尽可能多的旅游胜地，故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Taking a photo with her was almost impossible with all the tourists crowding around”可知在Kastellet Fortress，作者发现最困难的事情就是和雕塑拍照，故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“One of the first places I visited was the Rundetaarn,”排除A；根据第四段中的“The nex t day, I visited the Glyptotek art museum, exploring the grand exhibits.”排除C；根据第三段中的“After coming down, I hiked up to the Kastellet Fortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue.”排除D，故选B。
(4)考查写作意图。这篇文章主要介绍了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是分享自己的旅游经历，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
A 12-year-old with end stage cancer, the child's parents had recently moved her from the hospital to her home in the suburbs of Los Angeles. Some days later the girl's breath quickened, and her father phoned the family's hospice nurse. Please come, he said.
The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a two-hour drive in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why don't we connect over FaceTime, she asked. The father agreed, and they connected.
The nurse asked the father to move his daughter gently to her side, then to her back, to lift the child's shirt. The nurse would ask: What do you see, what concerns you, and the father would explain. In this fashion the pair examined the girl --- the nurse on her computer, the father his iPad. Together they decided that the nurse's presence was not necessary, that the child had more time.
Later, the father reported feeling comforted by the nurse. He appreciated her availability, the fact that she could see what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time.
Telemedicine has become a trend in America. Some hospitals have gone so far as to specially design telemedicine clinics. The room is staged like an office but with better lighting. There's a nice desk for the clinician to sit behind, a computer situated stage left, and books in the background. A physician taking a video call from home might wear a pair of headphones, equipped with a mic --- to ensure whatever the patient says isn't broadcast to anyone off-camera. However, there is something more than the technology bit. According to David, the head of the telemedicine pilot the girl's family had been part of, there are some people who are great in person and you put them on camera they're a dead fish. “Some physicians are camera shy. For others, the physical isolation can actually help them be more empathetic.” He adds.
“My experience is that, once you get past some i nitial hurdles, you can maintain an intimate, immediate connection with patients that in some cases may be more useful than even in-person interactions,” David says.
（1）Why did the nurse suggesting connecting via FaceTime?
A. Because she was not allowed to leave her clinic.
B. Because she had to take care of other patients in the clinic.
C. Because it took too much time on her way to patient's home.
D. Because the father didn't pay for her fare of transportation.
（2）How did the father think of the telemedicine service?
A. He doubted the quality of the service.
B. He thought highly of the service.
C. He insisted the service be improved.
D. He challenged the authority of the nurse.
（3）What do we know about the rooms for telemedicine?
A. Better air conditioners are provided for a comfortable environment.
B. Mics are equipped to protect privacy of patients.
C. Professional books are in place for immediate consultation.
D. The room with a computer is situated in the doctor's home.
（4）What challenges may clinicians face in telemedicine?
A. They are afraid of being isolated from patients.
B. They could not examine the patients carefully.
C. They are required to deal with in-person interactions.
D. They may not feel quite themselves in front of a camera.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了远程医疗已经成为美国的一种趋势．有些医院甚至专门设计了远程医疗诊所。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a two-hour drive in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why don't we connect over FaceTime, she asked.”可知，护士建议通过视频通话是因为需要太多的时间她才能到达病人的家。故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“He appreciated her availability, the fact that she could see what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time.”可知，这位父亲感激这位护士的帮助，感激护士可以看到他看见的并和他进行实时讨论，因此推断这位父亲高度赞扬这样的服务。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“equipped with a mic --- to ensure whatever the patient says isn't broadcast to anyone off-camera.”可知，远程治疗室配备了麦克风确保病人的隐私。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“…there are some people who are great in person and you put them on camera they're a dead fish. “Some physicians are camera shy. For others, the physical isolation can actually help them be more empathetic.” He adds.可知，一些内科医生在镜头面前是害羞的。因此推断在远程诊疗时，医生在镜头面前会感到不舒服。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
Do you have a spare room in your house? What about a driveway for your car? Both of these can help you make money. Many people who are feeling the pinch are taking advantage of what's been called the “sharing economy”.
Perhaps the best-known example of a company in this field is Airbnb---an American web business which allows you to rent out your spare room to holidaymakers. It says it operates in 34,000 cities and it has over 1,500,000 listings.It seems to have concerned the market!
A British company is doing something with parking spaces. JustPark's founder, Anthony Eskinazi, says,“When I had the original idea, Ispotted a driveway close to a sports stadium. It would have been so convenient if I could have just parked in that driveway rather than in commercial car park.” And he has a big cl ientele（客户）:around 20,000 people have advertised their spaces on the site, and he says around half a million drivers use it. There are other sites doing very similar things, like Uber and Lyft---these let drivers share their cars with other passengers. Any driver knows how valuable a place to park is .A church near Kings Cross in central London has apparently made over ￡200,000 by renting out space in its yard to travelers!
Because this is a new business world, those rules aren't there yet and many people are happy to share...as long as it pays!
But the sharing economy has its critics: the competitors of these new companies. People who run things like traditional B&B, commercial car parks and taxi services are afraid of ending up out of pocket. And there is another issue: regulations on these new business are unclear. How will renting out your driveway affect your neighbor?
（1）What does the underlined phrase “feeling the pinch” probably mean?
A. Lacking in money
B. Full of curiosity
C. Willing to help others
D. Unsatisfied with their life
（2）Who may be against the sharing economy?
A. A taxi driver who can't find a parking place
B. A priest in the church near Kings Cross
C. A traveller who needs accomodiation
D. A well-known high-end holiday hotel
（3）Why are many people pleased to share according to paragraph 4?
A. They can gain huge profits
B. They needn't pay any fee
C. There are few rules to limit them
D. The new business has no risks
（4）Which of the following words can best describe the booming business?
A. Creative and developed
B. Competitive but unpractical
C. Effective and worrying
D. Traditional and acceptable
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一片应用文，介绍了一些能够获益的方法与例子．文中通过几个例子告诉我们只要能够用心观察每一处的机会，你就会成功从中获益。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Both of these can help you make money”推出feeling the pinch指的是那些缺钱的人出租自己的东西来获取利润。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。在第二和第三段举了很多出租自己物品的例子，如：出租车司机，教堂里的牧师，旅行者。一家住房率很高的知名酒店肯定不需要共享。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Because this is a new business world，those rules aren't there yet and many people are happy to share-as long as it pays!”这句话告诉我们这种共享经济由于是新事物而且没有规则约束，受到很多人的欢迎。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。文章介绍里一种出租自己闲置物品的赚钱途径即共享经济，可以带来利益，但在最后一段中的“regulations on these new businesses are unclear”对这个新行业的规则还不明确。所以确定答案为Effective but worrying。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
Celeste Ng,a new writer,has gained recognition for her first novel,Everything I Never Told You. Ng's parents came from Hong Kong,China in the 1960s.Ng was born in America and grew up in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,and Shaker Heights,Ohio,in a family of scientists.Celeste went to Harvard University and earned an MFA from the University of Michigan,where she won the Hopwood Award.
Although her novel is not about race,the characters are Asian.The main character is Lydia,a teenage girl,who is the favorite of three children born to a white mother and a Chinese-American father.The story is about Lydia's disappearance,and the emotions the family goes through as the mystery unfolds.The whole family deals with sorrow, regret,and exposed secrets as they search for their lost daughter.
Though the characters in this story are Asian,Ng says she didn't really want to include Asian characters.She was afraid people would think the story was about real people in her life.Because she grew up in America and doesn't speak Chinese,she was actually surprised that she https://www.doczj.com/doc/5915556789.html,n characters in the book.
The book has taken off,especially on Amazon,where it won the Editor's Pick for No.1 Best Book of the Year in 2014.Ng is still getting used to the attention,saying she is still amazed when people tell her they have read her book. With so many readers,it's safe to say this is a book you should read.But if you're looking for a simple mystery,this book might not be for you.Most readers warn that you should not read this book unless you're prepared to cry.
（1）The novel Everything I Never Told You______.
A. focuses on a family with a missing child
B. discusses the ways to get rid of regret
C. exposes the secret of the American world
D. talks about the life of teenagers in America （2）Which of the following is TRUE according to Celeste Ng?
A. She wanted to help the Asian people.
B. She was surprised she wrote about Asian characters.
C. She was born in Hong Kong and grew up in America.
D. She wanted people to know the characters were real people in her life.
（3）How do most readers probably find the book?
A. It's about race.
B. It's a sad story.
C. It's a simple mystery.
D. It has a surprising ending.
（4）What is the text mainly about?
A. Celeste Ng and her family.
B. The awards Celeste Ng won.
C. Celeste Ng's learning experience.
D. Celeste Ng and her best-known novel.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个著名的女作家Celeste Ng 以及她的畅销书---Everything I Never Told You的故事。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The story is about Lydia's disappearance, and the emotions the family goes through as the mystery unfolds.”可知，Everything I Never Told You这部小说是关于一个有失踪女孩的家庭。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“she was actually surprised that she https://www.doczj.com/doc/5915556789.html,n characters in the book.”可知，她自己不会说中文，对自己写的书中的人物都是亚洲人物感到很吃惊。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Most readers warn that you should not read this book unless you're prepared to cry.”可知，人们都认为这是一本悲剧小说，看了会哭。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据文中介绍Celeste Ng写了一部小说，小说的内容以及人们对小说的感受。可知D项“Celeste Ng和她的小说”最能概括短文内容。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye, a skilled hand and lots of patience. But in Lenwood Haddock's case, being blind works to his advantage. His trained, sensitive hands are acutely aware of every step of the process. Since beginning his craft in 1986, Lenwood has woven about 145, 000 perfect hammocks.
Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18, during a hunting accident. “My whole working career has been blind,” he says. He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed,
the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks. On his first day of work. “I did a total of one hammock,” Lenwood recalls, laughing. “And then I came home and lay down to sleep. I lift weights, but I wasn't as tough as I thought until I started weaving.lt takes a lot of energy, and you're standing up all day.”
In time, however, Lenwood found he had a knack (窍门) for the job. At first he worked on-site at the company, but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.
There, he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in a variety of sizes. One day, he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.
The process of weaving a hammock involves making and catching hundreds of loops (环). A single missed stitch (织针) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable or even dangerous to use. Experienced weavers miss loops sometimes, but to his company's knowledge, Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. Lenwood's skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes.
The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source. Today, it is the world's largest maker and seller of hammocks, all built by hand.
However, Lenwood's routine has changed little. He works his fingers back and forth across the rows, looping the rope and pulling it. With every hammock, Lenwood presents himself a perfect product. “I'm not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits.
（1）Lenwood stopped doing his first job because .
A. it was for people with good eyesight only
B. the company failed to go on with its business
C. the company didn't produce hammocks
D. he was not skilled at doing woodwork
（2）It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood .
A. has been blind all through his life
B. used to work as a hunter to support his family
C. was born in the 1950s with good eyesight
D. has worked as a hammock weaver for 10 years
（3）What can we learn about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph?
A. He moved very often while he was working on a hammock.
B. He had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock.
C. He had to stay 8 miles away from the worksite to complete it.
D. He needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. the success of the Hammock Source Company
B. a blind craftsman who makes perfect hammocks
C. how to weave perfect hammocks by hand
D. how to become a successful craftsman
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，因故双目失明的美国人Lenwood，用其训练有
素，敏感的双手创造编织吊床的奇迹。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks.”可知，Lenwood十八岁时失明，后来找到第一份工作，但他所在的organization closed，虽没说具体原因，但没有再继续经营下去，故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18,”Lenwood在1973年十八岁时失明推算出来的，也说明在（1973-18=1955）1955年之前他的眼睛是好的。故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.”可知， Lenwood所用的计步器显示，他在店里织吊床总共来回行走8英里，由此可推断出他在工作时经常走动。所以选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。全文讲述了一位双目失明的工人Lenwood，凭借自己的训练有素、敏感的双手敏锐地捕捉到编织吊床过程的每一步，编织中过程甚至是经验丰富的织工也会出错，而Lenwood展示了一个个完美的吊床产品，创造了吊床编织的奇迹。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生在准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
It took me a moment to realize what had happened. Three days had passed and Rita seemed to get weaker and weaker. The rain had stopped. However, the sky was still cloudy, and it was so dark that I couldn't see the buildings even across the road. I took a pressure reading from the weather station: 947mb, which let me know exactly where I was—in the eye of the storm.
There were rains and winds still, but not oppressive (难以忍受的)anymore. There was still no power, hot water or food. Besides, I didn't sleep well for all these days, but I felt more relaxed since the weather report said Rita was leaving. What's more, I was luckier than those people who had lost their homes or even worse, lost their lives because of Rita.
As I travelled further to the west, going after the storm, the damage along the way became less severe. I arrived in Houston after a tricky journey with my fuel supplies almost all gone. However, I came across another storm chaser (追逐者) who had 45 gallons of petrol. He helped me and we shared our working experience these days. With a complete stroke of luck I found a run-down hotel that allowed me to have a room overnight before the midnight. Although there was no running water, no power and no air conditioning, I curled up into a corner and fell asleep quickly.
I woke up the next morning, and what a change! The sky was blue and cars were moving around. Sirens could be heard as convoys (护航队) of emergency managements started to head west towards where I had come from. "The storm had stopped and I could go home. I gave all my remaining supplies to other people at the hotel and headed towards the airport. Houston Airport was not damaged, so I took my flight and drank my first hot drink in four days.
All in all, when I came back home, I was proud that I finally made it again to follow and record the storm and I really learned a lot these days. Although it's dangerous, I love my job as not many
people would go into the eye of an intense storm.
（1）We can know from the passage that “Rita” is ________.
A. a pet
B. a storm
C. a friend of the author
D. a citizen in Houston
（2）What can we infer from the passage?
A. The author was a storm chaser.
B. The storm lasted for at least a week.
C. The author didn't like Houston at all.
D. Houston was very badly damaged by the storm.（3）How did the author probably feel after the storm?
A. Anxious.
B. Disappointed.
C. Satisfied.
D. Scared.
（4）What is the passage mainly about?
A. Ways to survive in a storm.
B. The weather changes in Houston.
C. The author's experience in the storm.
D. Damages caused by the storm in Houston.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章描述了作者亲身经历的一场风暴Rita，作者对于自己能够追逐并且记录这场风暴，感觉非常骄傲。尽管非常危险，但是作者非常热爱自己的这份工作。
(1)推理判断题。由第二段Besides, I didn't sleep well for all these days, but I felt more relaxed since the weather report said Rita was leaving. What's more, I was luckier than those people who had lost their homes or even worse, lost their lives because of Rita.可知，天气预报报道Rita离开了，它让许多人们失去了家园，甚至失去了生命。结合第一段中I took a pressure reading from the weather station: 947mb, which let me know exactly where I was—in the eye of the storm.可推知，"Rita”是一次风暴，选B。
(2)推理判断题。由第三段However, I came across another storm chaser (追逐者) who had 45 gallons of petrol.可推知，作者是一位风暴追逐者，选A。
(3)推理判断题。由最后一段All in all, when I came back home, I was proud that I finally made it again to follow and record the storm and I really learned a lot these days. Although it's dangerous, I love my job as not many people would go into the eye of an intense storm.可推知，在这次风暴之后，作者感觉很满意，故选C。
(4)主旨大意题。这篇文章描述了作者亲身经历的一场风暴Rita，作者对于自己能够追逐并且记录这场风暴，感觉非常骄傲。尽管非常危险，但是作者非常热爱自己的这份工作，故选C。
【点评】写作意图、目的、态度推断题
作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会出来。
询问写作目的的题，选项里常出现的词是：explain(解释), prove (证明), persuade(劝说), advise(劝告), comment(评论), praise(赞扬), criticize(批评), entertain(娱乐), demonstrate(举例说明), argue(辩论), tell(讲述), analyze(分析)等。
询问语气态度的题，选项里常出现的词是：neutral(中立的), sympathetic(同情的),
satisfied(满意的), friendly(友好的), enthusiastic(热情的), subjective(主观的), objective(客观的), matter-of-fact(实事求是的), pessimistic(悲观的), optimistic(乐观的), critical(批评的), doubtful(怀疑的), hostile(敌对的), indifferent(冷淡的), disappointed(失望的)。
9．阅读理解
Learning, Fast and Deep
Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.
The standard route into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of America's top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk.
That is changing.
Last month fast.ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100, 000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning. Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast. ai's course can be completed in just seven weeks.
To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of Jeremy Howard, who founded fast.ai with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school mathematics is sufficient. "No. Greek. Letters," Mr. Howard intones, pounding the table with his fist for punctuation.
Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems which will be useless at best and dangerous at worst. In the earliest days of the Internet, only a select few nerds, namely computer holies with specific skills, could build applications. Not many people used them. Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages, both good and bad. But it was only by opening up to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping, instant global communications and search. If Mr. Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind.
（1）What can we learn about deep learning?
A. It replaces artificial intelligence.
B. It attracts rock stars to practice.
C. It scans patterns for large companies.
D. It helps technicians to create software.
（2）Fast. ai is an organization that .
A. ensures one to obtain a PhD
B. teaches craft in ivory tower
C. offers a course in deep learning
D. requires weeks to apply
（3）The underlined words "No. Greek. Letters"in Paragraph 5 means doing fast.ai course is .
A. easy
B. difficult
C. interesting
D. boring
（4）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .
A. it is quite reliable for anyone to grasp artificial intelligence
B. the Internet has brought forth a flood of useless AI systems
C. opening up to all leads to instant global search and online shopping
D. simplifying software development may result in unexpected outcomes
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人工智能的深度学习被证明很有用，霍华德和数学
家托马斯一起创办的非营利性教育机构致力于让深度学习变得简单。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns…build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.“可知AI技术的一个分支、运用神经网络处理大量数据
并从中寻找模式的"深度学习"被证明非常有用，亚马逊、苹果、Facebook和谷歌愿意开出
六位数高薪，聘请熟练的专业人员编写软件。这说明深度学习能帮助编写软件，故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Last month fast. ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its cou rse in deep learning.“可知。上月，位
于旧金山的非营利性教育机构fast.ai 进入了它开办深度学习课程的第三年。也就是说fast.
ai是一个提供深度学习课程的组织，故选C。
（3）考查句义猜测。根据五段中的”To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn …He says school mathematics is sufficient.“可知让深度学习不再神秘是杰里米·霍华德的目标，为
此，他和数学家雷切尔·托马斯一起创立了fast.ai，让任何想学习编写AI软件的人都能学习
这门技术。霍华德说有中学数学知识就足够了。这说明fast.ai的课程很简单，仅需要中学
数学知识。因此霍华德说"No. Greek. Letters”没有，希腊，字母“是想说fast, ai的深度学习
课程很简单。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”If Mr Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind. “如果霍
华德和其他人如愿以偿，那么让AI软件开发变得更容易将会催生出一批新的不同的果实。
由此推断简化软件开发可能会导致意料之外的结果。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅
读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选
出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
Delhi has been the centre of a succession of mighty empires and powerful kingdoms in India. Numerous ruins scattered throughout the territory offer a constant reminder of the area's history, which makes the city always be a fascinating place for tourists.
With the development of the city and more and more people moving, the city has expanded several times in size. That is why it is called New Delhi. New Delhi, a city with a population of over 20 million people, has its newest problem: never before has this city met with the worst air problem.
Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.
Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.
New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states. Fireworks and firecrackers to celebrate the Hindu festival of Diwali then arrives, leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city. The city's air quality index, which measures a mix of dangerous pollutants, registered an average score of 494 Sunday. That is the highest 24-hour average since Nov. 6, 2016, when it hit 497, according to data measured by the Central Pollution Control Board.
（1）Which of the following is NOT true?
A.Diwali is one of the most important festivals in India.
B.The government did little to protect its citizens against the serious pollution.
C.Such a serious air pollution in New Delhi appears on a regular basis.
D.The index of the recent air pollution is not the worst in the history.
（2）Who may not complain about the serious air pollution?
A.The parents whose children have to stay at home.
B.The pilots whose planes have been diverted or delayed.
C.The manufacturers who produce antipollution masks.
D.The officials who have to work out of their offices.
（3）Which of the following phrases can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5?
A.Sent out.
B.Sent up.
C.Sent in.
D.Sent on.
（4）The title of the passage should be .
A.Problems Caused by the Development of New Delhi
B.Dangerous Pollution Envelops New Delhi
C.Antipollution Masks Are in Great Need in New Delhi
D.Farmers in the Neighboring States are to Blame for Burning Crop Stubble
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但由于污染严重，整个新德里处于危险的污染中，人们必须戴防污口罩，冬天天气寒冷污染物成雾霾，成为世界是污染最严重的城市。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段“Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency desp ite government vows to solve the problem.”印度首都的空气污染飙升至多年来最严重的水平，笼罩着这座城市的浓雾已成为年度公共卫生紧急事件，尽管政府誓言要解决这个问题；第五段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust ..., leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city.” 新德里每年都会被污染吞没，随着天气变冷，汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂排放的污染物、建筑工地和道路上飘动的灰尘，以及邻国农作物秸秆燃烧产生的烟雾，都会形成浓雾。庆祝印度排灯节的烟花爆竹随后到达，使德里现在成为世界上污染最严重的城市；以及第四段中的“Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 在学校、学院、医院和市场上分发了数以百万计的防污口罩。可知，政府尽管发誓解决这种污染，但情况不仅没有改变，反而更加严重，使得人们必须佩戴防毒口罩。由此可判断出政府几乎没有保护其公民免受严重污染。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段“Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 周末期间，由于能见度低，数百架航班被迫改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，官员们紧急采取措施，试图扭转不断恶化的空气质量。学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。由此可知，由于污染严重，学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。所以生产防污染口罩的厂家要加大生产，是不会抱怨的，故选C。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states.”本句是说新德里每年都笼罩在污染中。因为天气变冷，从汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂“emitted”的污染物形成了厚厚的雾霾。根据常识可知，汽车和用煤发电的发电厂会“排放或释放”污染物的。由此可判断“emitted”是排放的意思。故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。本文叙述了随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动，城市规模的扩大，印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题，但周末的能见度低，数百架航班在周末改道、延误和取消，学校和办公室周一关闭，人们必须戴防污口罩，可知，新德里被严重的污染所笼罩。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
小希老师给同学们总结了2018高考英语真题所有阅读理解的A篇，适合高中各个年级的学生练习及备考使用。 【全国Ⅰ卷】 A Washington, . Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
高考英语阅读理解——出题与解题方法（杨老师） 应用文（抓题干）广告、通知记叙文（划时、人、事）说明文（找主题句）特点：分值重，知识广，篇幅大，用时多。题型上主要有细节题、推理题、主旨题、猜词题等。 开卷准备：九字真诀不要怕，划一划（划主题，难句，划核心词），X一X（答题时） 一、细节理解题（标记定位法） 一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题(细1)，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题(细2)，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案切不可望文生义。特别注意句子的逻辑关系。如：表因果的because, since, as等；表转折的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。 二、推理判断题（用细节推） 考查考生根据已知信息做出合理的推断或判断，包括要求考生体会作者的态度、观点、意图等。常用提问方式有：We can infer/learn from the（last） paragraph that. It can be concluded from the passage that. The passage implies/suggests that. What can be concluded from the passage? The author's purpose of writing the passage is.这需要学生读懂原文，完全理解文中的细节信息，对其进行分析、推算，从而得出正确的结论。 三、语义猜测题（构词法、语境法） 要注意从以下三个方面着手： 1）标点符号或同位语部分，and或or猜 2）根据对比、因果关系猜 but，however，yet，otherwise，though这些表转折，because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词， 3）根据构词法知识猜测词义：UN- IN- IM-- dis mis 派生，合成，转化，缩略，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出组成的新词词义。 Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/herself. 四、主旨大意题（重点）哪怕没读懂全文，懂了中心句，一样能做对题 （寻找主题句）文章主题与段落主题 一般来说，文章主题都在第一段或最后一段表明。某一段的主题句也常出现在段首或段尾，而且常有一些表归纳关系的信号词，如in short, In a word, in brief, to sum up, to conclude等。 其常用提问方式主要有：What is the main idea/topic of the passage? The central point of the selection is that. The author is mainly concerned with. The passages mainly about等。
（英语）高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 In America, parents tend to encourage their children to develop their potential (潜能) to the fullest extent. Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and the confidence necessary to work toward their goals. American parents are always active in concentrating on what their kids can do, not what they can't. As a result, millions of American boys and girls grow up hoping to become actors and athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of them even want to become president. American parents often encourage their children to become involved in extra activities of all types at school, such as student government, sports and music. They believe that only through taking part in these activities can their children become mature young adults. As we all know, school work is important. But parents should realize that the social skills their children learn from natural conversations with each other are as important as schoolwork and the skills they will need in the future work. What's more important in their work is that their children should have a sound knowledge of physics or the ability to communicate effectively. As a rule, Chinese parents don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do, nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities. Children are typically advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to spend a lot of time in doing much schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time to do so. Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children. I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles should take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it. （1）From the passage, we know the American parents pay much more attention to . A. the social skills than Chinese parents B. their children's studying hard and well C. what their children want but they can't D. extra activities than schoolwork （2）According to the passage, Chinese parents . A. know more than American parents to educate their children B. owning ambition and confidence is necessary and important C. pay much more attention to their children's fine future D. don't encourage their children to participate in extra activities （3）From the passage, we can infer . A. American children are brave and adventurous B. American children are more active in their studies C. Chinese children have the ability to communicate effectively D. something should be done to develop the potential of the children in China （4）What's the writer's attitude towards Chinese education reform? A. Neutral. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Negative. 【答案】（1）A
I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order
高考英语阅读理解真题汇编及答案解析（11） 摘要：阅读理解题的“三步法”：1．略读。目的是了解短文的主旨大意和便于迅速掌握短文的语篇结构。2．查读。同学们要先通读题干，做到胸中有数；再将短文读第一遍，锁定某些特定信息进行快速阅读，迅速选出最佳答案；先易后难，先做细节题，后做推论题。3．重读短文重点。核查。同学们做题的关键是看清题目的要求，读准的关键是分清句子的结构和确认词性词义。 When Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job,she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standards-based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. For her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges,she’s been named national teacher of the year. Principal Waynes Kettler said he’s worked with many outstanding teachers in his22years as an educator,but Peterson is“just that one step above anybody I’ve ever worked with before.” Kettler and others at Monte Cristo Elementary School talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music. When students were reading S.E.Hinton’s novel The Outsiders in their regular classroom, Peterson helped them write a30-minute play with scenes from the book.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused no race,equality and social justice,the themes of the book.Peterson composed two other songs herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book. The honor means a lot to residents of Granite Foils.It’s inspiring to know that people from small towns own even win national honors. As national teacher of the year,Peterson will spend the next year outside the classroom, as a national and international spokeswoman for education. Not surprisingly,She is a big believe in the value of arts education.She said it’s essential for schools to offer classes such as art or music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that motivates them to come back to school day after day. 65.The underlined word“daunting”in Paragraph1most probably means__________. A. discouraging B.interesting C.creative D.unbearable
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.
单词频率释义 national 27国家的according 23依照 alert 23警报 university 22大学 product 22产品 battery 18电池 device 18装置，设备receive 17接受，接收increase 17增加 campus 17校园 award 16奖品 service 15服务information 14信息 project 14计划，方案financial 14财政的，金融的crime 13犯罪 program 13节目，程序package 13包裹 robot 12机器人 step 12脚步，步伐education 12教育 federal 12联邦的 tax 12税 recycle 11再循环，回收online 11在线 store 11储存，储藏nuclear 11核 author 10作者 provide 10提供 article 10文章 quality 10品质，质量website 10网站 festival 10节日 medical 10药的，内科的state 10情形，国家concern 10涉及，关系到wheelchair 10轮椅museum 9博物馆 report 9报告 future 9未来，将来economic 9经济 design 9设计government 9政府material 9材料 power 8力量organization 8组织 energy 8能量 disaster 8灾难emergency 8紧急情况present 8目前，礼物professor 8教授 industry 8工业 subject 8主题；科目 effort 8成就；努力cause 8原理 research 7研究 poet 7诗人 include 7包括 safety 7安全性 semiconductor 7半导体 member 7成员 tobacco 7烟草 amount 7总数 diagnose 7诊断 reduce 7减少 describe 7描述 infer 7推理，推断 prize 6奖品 signal 6信号 damage 6破坏 environment 6环境 technology 6技术 exhibition 6展览 improve 6提高 encourage 6鼓励 academy 6学会；学院 consumer 6消费者 management 6管理 marketplace 6市场 community 6社区 brain 6大脑 underline 6在……下面划线 smoke 6烟 teenager 6十几岁的青少年 involve 6包括，笼罩 immigrant 6移来的，移民的 legacy 6遗产 lack 6缺乏 adult 6成年人 publish 6出版，刊印 action 6动作、行动 however 5但是 decade 5十年、十 teen 5青少年 below 5在……下面 title 5头衔entitle expect 5期待 laboratory 5实验室 special 5特别的 effective 5有效的 millisecond 5毫秒 charge 5费用、充电 hurricane 5飓风 administrator 5管理人 partner 5合伙人 scalp 5头皮 cap 5帽子 deal 5交易 loan 5贷款、借出 media 5媒体 natural 5自然的 necessary 5必须的 benefit 5利益，好处 effect 5结果，效果 develop 5发展 salesman 5售货员 produce 5制造 offer 5提供，出价 excite 5刺激，使兴奋 solution 5解答，解决办法 poetry 5诗，诗意 merchant 5商人 application 5请求，申请，应用 drug 5药，毒品 recent 5最近的 form 5形状，外形 wireless 5无线的 complete 5全部的，完全的 major 5主修课 fuss 4大惊小怪 career 4职业 electrical 4电的 rent 4租 debt 4债务 square 4正方形，广场 unite 4联合，团结 attack 4攻击，袭击 promote 4促进，提升， distributor 4发行人 variety 4变化，多样性 command 4命令，掌握 disable 4使残废 source 4来源 protect 4保护 solid 4固体，立体 afford 4供得起 shock 4振动，震惊 tuition 4学费 force 4力量，武力 statistic 4统计数据 environmental 4环境的 raise 4上升，提出 purpose 4目的，意图 possible 4可能的 success 4成功 expert 4专家 brochure 4小册子 issue 4出版，发行 social 4社会的 mention 4说起，提起 attitude 4姿势，态度 global 4全球的 apply 4申请，适用 manage 4处理
高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧大全 一、四选一型阅读 高考阅读不同文体按照题型分类主要分为五大类：细节题、推理题、主旨大意题、词义句意猜测题、结构顺序题。 1、细节题解题技巧 细节题，顾名思义，就是指针对文章的某个细节而设置的试题。细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后实行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节（通常是四个）放在一起要求考生判断是非（选出准确的一项或选出错误的一项）或对几个细节实行排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是使用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项实行比较从而确定答案（此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换）。 现在围绕上述的定位理论，引申出几个小的技巧： （1）关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题，如涉及到数字（日期、时间、价格等），就能够在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息，还有人物姓名、地点名词等等，其他的还包括一些提示情节发展，或条纲性关键字眼，如First， Next， Finally等等。 As a young girl growing up in the 1930s， I always wanted to fly a plane， but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2020，when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. （2020年高考英语北京A篇） What happened to the author in 2020？ A. She flew an airplane
高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide. As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school. Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God. （1）How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school? A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams. C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence. （2）Why did the author's parents put him into an English school？ A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast. C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter. （3）What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school? A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并分析了具体原因。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.