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初中英语名词性从句的总结归纳

初中英语名词性从句的总结归纳
初中英语名词性从句的总结归纳

名词性从句

Noun Clause

I本章要点

II名词性从句语法点分述

一、宾语从句

1.引导宾语从句的连接词

a.that引导(that可以省略)

I know (that) most matter has three states(状态).

?Attention?

宾语从句中that不可省略的情况

宾语从句that常可省略,但在以下情况下不能省略

1)当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,可以省略第一个that,其他不能省

略。

I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will get better.

2)当it作形式宾语时

当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时,通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it,将真正的宾语从句移至句末。

结构公式:主语+consider/find/make/regard/think/+ it+宾补+ that +句子/ to do sth

She made it clear to her parents that she would learn to deal with various problems.

★小试身手★

1)特朗普说得很清楚他想当总统。(make… clear)

2)我们理所当然的认为父母应该爱我们一辈子。(t ake… for granted)

3)consider, we, it, should, that, with, importance, all, of, great, we, theory, combine, practice

(连词成句)

b.whether / if引导

1)在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中,不能用if。

I don’t know whether he will study abroad or not.

2)在介词后,只能用whether 和特殊疑问词,不能用if。

His father is concerned about whether he will be kicked out of school.

?Attention?

if或whether引导的宾语从句时,虽具有疑问意义,但从句语序应用陈述句语序。在考试中如果确定句子意思表示“是否”,则一定选择用whether。

★小试身手★

1)I wonder ________ there’s any need to spend so much money on the party.

2)Some people believe ________ a monkey person is sociable.

3)She is worried about ________ she can get promoted.

4)Teacher told the students________ the sun________ (have) eight planets.

2.连接代词以及连接副词引导

★小试身手★

1)只有小孩子知道自己在找什么。

2)Professor Nelson wanted to know ______.

A. when would the conference begin

B. When the conference would begin

C. when will the conference begin

D. when the conference will begin

3)I’m not sure ______.

A. what is the assignment of tomorrow

B. what the assignment for tomorrow is

C. what will the assignment for tomorrow be

D. what will be the assignment of tomorrow

3.宾语从句连词总结

4.宾语从句的语序

宾语从句除个别情况外,全部使用陈述句语序。

★小试身手★

1)Do you know__A___?

A. when the sports meeting will begin

B. when the sports meeting begins

C. when the sports meeting begin

D. when will begin the sports meeting

2)Will this sheep have to have a great deal of grass?

Do you think … (连接成宾语从句)

5.宾语从句的时态

★小试身手★

1)I don’t know if we each have a destiny, or if we’re all just floating around accidentally, like

on a breeze.

2)The scientist told the student that the sun ____________ round. (be)

3)I believe that the friendship between us _______ forever. (last)

4)I knew that our team _____________ (win) the competition.

5)Kate knows what John _____ now.

A. does

B. will do

C. has done

D. is doing

6.宾语从句否定转移

★小试身手★

1)We have to finish the work now.(反义疑问?______________)

2)You never told us why you were late for the meeting.(反义疑问?_____________)

3)Nacy, sweep the classroom, ______?

A. don’t you

B. do you

C. will you

D. doesn’t she

4)--He didn’t go to the lecture this morning, did he?

-- ______. Tough he was not feeling very well.

A. No, he didn’t

B. Yes, he did

C. No, he did

D. Yes, he didn’t

7.宾语从句和动词不定式转换类似

I don’t know what I should do.=I don’t know what to do.

what to do with; how to deal with固定词组用法。

I don’t know what I should do with this messy situation.

= I don’t know what to do with this messy situation.

★小试身手★

宾语从句和不定式转换练习:

1)I believe that he is an honest man. (保持原句意思)

I believe _____ to _____ an honest man.

2)He expected to be forgiven. (保持原句意思)

He expected that he _____ _____ forgiven.

3)He i sn’t in the office now, I think. (保持原句意思)

I _____ _____ he _____ in the office.

4)He will pass the exam. We think it possible. (合并为一句)

We think _____ _____ he will pass the exam.

二、主语从句

主语从句可以直接放在句首;也可用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末。

1.主语从句的引导词

主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词引导。

a.that引导

That a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife is a truth universally acknowledged.(用it改写)

?Attention?

that引导的主语从句出现在句首时,that不可省略。

b.whether引导

Whether chewing gum helps prevent tooth decay is unknown to me. (用it改写)

?Attention?

用whether 引导主语从句,而不用if。

c.连接代词引导

所有值得做的事情都值得做好。

?Attention?

连接代词引导,不能用it改写

Whoever leaves last turns off the light.

d.连接副词引导

doesn’t matter.

was a mystery.

?Attention?

谓语动词一律用第三人称单数

e.what引导(相当于中文的“的字结构”),主谓一致问题“看后” What we have is knowledge, but what we need are chances.

★小试身手★

1)沙漠之所以美丽,是因为在它的某个角落隐藏着一口井。

2.主语从句与形式主语it

常见的用it作形式主语的复合结构:

1.It is + n./

adj. +that It is a pity/shame that...

It is a surprise that…

It is a fact that…

It is common knowledge that …

It’s certain that…

It is possible/likely that...

It is obvious/clear that…

It is true that…

It is necessary \important \natural\... that…

可惜的是……

令人吃惊的是…

事实是…

…是常识

肯定…

很可能……

很明显…

的确…

2.It +不及

物动词

+that It happened that...

It occurred to me that…

It appears/seems that…

It turned out that…

碰巧……

我突然想起…

似乎,好像…

原来…

3.It + be +

过去分词

+从句It is said that...

It is known to all that...

It is reported that...

It is believed that...

It is suggested that + (should)do...

据说……

众所周知……

据报道……

据相信…;人们相信…

建议……

★小试身手★

1)纸是中国首先造出来的,这是事实。

2)人类不可能受机器人的控制。

3)我们以前似乎在哪儿见过。

4)据报道,到目前为止,已经有91个孩子在洪水中失去了生命。

?Attention?

1)主语从句中that位于句首时不可省略;但是如果主语从句放在后面,that可以省略。 水能够被用来发电是事实。

2)主语从句放在前面只能用whether,而不能用if;但是如果主语从句放在后面,whether

和if都可以使用。

他是否能安然无恙的回来还是个问题。

三、表语从句

1.表语从句的连接词

a.That连接表语从句,既没有含义也不在从句中担任成分。

人生值得欣慰(solace)之处便是,每一天都有结束的时候。今天亦不例外。

b.从属连词whether, as, as if / though 引导的表语从句,有含义,但在从句中不充当任何

成分。

It seems as if the balloon is filled with helium(氦气).

c.because, why引导的表语从句,通常置于be动词之后的表语从句。

That is why global climate is becoming warmer and warmer.

d.连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever。连接副词

where, when, how, why 这些连词都既有含义也充当一定的句子成分。

The most distant way in the world is not when I stand in front of you, you are not sure I love you. It is when my love is bewildering(痴迷的)the soul, but I can’t speak it out.

e.表语从句只用whether不用if表示“是否”。

问题是许多国家是否能够维护国家主权(state sovereignty)。

f.当主语是reason时,表语从句的连接词用that。

我妈妈伤心的原因是丢了一个包,这个包里装了很多重要的文件。

四.同位语从句

1.同位语从句的连接词

引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that,whether,连接代词和连接副词等。

a.that引导同位语从句

主句中有些词义比较抽象的名词, 如belief, doubt, evidence, idea, fact, hope, possibility, thought等,可以用that引出的从句做同位语,叫做同位语从句,that不可以省略。That 从句的内容即为这个名词的内容,that在从句中不充当成分。

b.whether 可引导同位语从句,但if不能引导同位语从句

2.同位语从句与定语从句的区别

a.意义的不同:

We are glad at the news that he will come.

(news的内容就是that he will come,故that引导的是同位语从句。)

We are glad at the news that he told us.

(that从句是限制the news的内容的,即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是他的news,故that从句为定语从句。)

b.引导词的功能上的不同:

that引导同位语从句时,它不充当句子成分,而引导定语从句时,它作为关系代词,要么充当定语从句的主语,要么充当定语从句的宾语。

Today there is evidence that the resources of the sea are as seriously threatened as those of the land.

There is no doubt that Premier Wen Jiabao is an excellent leader.

五、名词性从句的注意事项

1.语序问题

2.连接词的选用问题

a.that, whether, if, as if都不作句子的任何成分。

因此,它们所引导的句子结构必须完整。that 一般用于确定的语气中,引导宾语从句时,口语中的that可省略,而其他情况中的that一般不可省;而whether, if一般用于不确定的语句中。如:

That he learnt English before is certain.

他学过英语是肯定的。

I don’t know whether / if he will learn English.

我不知道他是否会学英语。

He looks as if he knows English.

看起来他好像知道英语。

★小试身手★

1)It seems a perpetual(永恒的)rule that flops(失败)are produced elatedly(兴高采烈的)

and masterpieces painstakingly(辛苦的).

2)This is where all dreams begin.

3)What we should care about is not where it’s headed but what we see and how we feel. I love

you not for who you are, but for who I am with you.

4)The news got around that the general manager would marry his secretary in the company.It

still remains a mystery what he will assign for the class.

5)Happiness doesn’t depend on who you are or what you have; it depends solely on what you

think.

6)Please remember what you do now will decide your future directly.

7)What we anticipate seldom occurs; what we least expect generally happens.

8)You will never know what you will be.

III Review

一、选择题(中考题型) :

1. Do you think ______ an American film tomorrow?

A. is there

B. there's going to be

C. will there be

D. there's going to have

2. What do you think ______ these young people so excited?

A. making

B. to make

C. makes

D. that makes

3. --Where do you think ______ he ______ the computer?

--Sorry, I have no idea.

A. /; bought

B. has; bought

C. did; buy

D. does; buy

4. I was told ______ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computer.

A. that how

B. how that

C. when that

D. that when

5. I want to know ______.

A. what is his name

B. what's his name

C. that his name is

D. what his name is

6. -- We never know ______ the old man is.

-- That say he is a teacher.

A. what

B. who

C. which

D. where

7. Would you please tell me ______ next, Mr Wang?

A. what should we do

B. we should do what

C. what we should do

D. should we do what

8. They were all pleased with ______ them.

A. what you said

B. what did you say to

C. what you spoke

D. what you had told

9. Do you know ______ during the coming summer holiday?

A. what will Tom do

B. what did Tom do

C. what Tom will do

D. what Tom did

10. -- I don't know ______. Could you show me the way?

-- Certainly.

A. where the post office is

B. where is the post office

C. where I can get to the post office

D. how can I get to the post office

11. I don't remember where ______ in the city when he was young.

A. did he work

B. he worked

C. he had worked

D. he has worked

12. They asked me ______ during the May Day holidays.

A. where had I gone

B. where I had been

C. where had I been

D. where I had gone

13. Can you tell me ______? I'm his old friend.

A. where does Jim live

B. when will Jim come back

C. where Jim has gone

D. how is Jim

14. -I'm waiting for the mail. Do you know ______ it will arrive?

-Usually it comes by 4:00.

A. how

B. when

C. where

D. what

15. - Do you know ______?

- Next year.

A. when he came here

B. when did he come here

C. when he will come

D. when will he come here

16. -- Do you know ______?

--They moved here soon after their son was born.

A. when would the Green move here

B. when the Greens moved here

C. the Greens would moved here

D. when the Greens would move here

17. Could you tell me ______?

A. when will Tom come back

B. when does Tom come back

C. when Tom will come back

D. when Tom comes back

18. -- I really want to know ______ Li Lei is.

-- It is said that he is much better these days.

A. what

B. how

C. where

D. who

19. -- Do you know ______?

-- Yes, I do. She came here on foot.

A. where Kate came from

B. how Kate came here

C. when Kate comes here

D. why Kate didn't come here

20. Could you tell me ______ the bike without any help this morning?

A. how does he mend

B. how he mends

C. how he mended

D. how did he mend

二、按要求改写句子,每空限填一词。

1. The girl wondered where she would meet her friends the next morning. (改为简单句)

The girl wondered__________ __________meet her friends the next morning.

2. John asked, “Can you look after my pet dog while I’m away?” (合成宾语从句)

John asked __________I __________look after his pet dog while he was away.

3. English isn’t difficult to learn. I think so. (合并为一句)

I _____ think that English _____ difficult to learn.

4. She knows that I’ve sold this house. (改为反义疑问句)

She knows that I’ve sold this house, _____ _____?

5. I think she will succeed. (改为反义疑问句)

I think she will succeed, _____ _____?

6. Granny doesn’t believe that I did anything w rong that morning. (改为反义疑问句)

Granny doesn’t believe that I did anything wrong that morning, _____ _____?

7. I don’t suppose it will rain. (改为反义疑问句)

I don’t suppose it will rain, _____ _____?

8. I believe that he is an honest man. (保持原句意思)

I believe _____ to _____ an honest man.

9. We believe that the story is true. (保持原句意思)

The story _____ _____ to be true.

10. He expected to be forgiven. (保持原句意思)

He expected that he _____ _____ forgiven.

三、翻译下列句子

1.运动会这个星期或是下星期开都没有关系

2.我们现在做的以前从来没有做过。

3.你能告诉我这本字典是属于谁的吗?

4.我为什么迟到的原因是我在半路上遇到塞车了。

5.你们的任务是在六点钟以前想尽一切办法找些吃的回来,否则,今晚我们就得挨饿。

6.你想象不到他们在收到这份精美的礼物时有多么激动。

初中英语语法知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .

10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

初中英语语法大全

初中英语语法大全 名词 一名词的定义:表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词。 二名词的分类: 名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。 2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 注意 专有名词一般第一个字母要大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。 名词的种类 注意 物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目来计算,称为不可数名词。不可数名词前不能加冠词a或an来表示量。 (三)名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式: 1.单数 英语中,如果我们要表示一本书、一只鸟、一棵树等概念时,要用名词的单数

形式,表示名词的单数,要在名词前加冠词a或an。 This is a desk . 这是一张书桌。 There is an orange on the table . 桌上有一个橘子。 an orange 一个橘子 an new orange (×)→ a new orange (○) 一个新橘子 a desk a old desk (×)→ an old desk (○) 一张旧课桌 关键字:初中英语语法大全初中英语语法总结初中英语语法辅导英语语法大全名词复数名词所有格复数冠词抽象名词 a和an的使用区别 a加在以辅音开头的名词前,如a book,a pen。 an加在以元音开头的名词前,如an egg,an apple。 注意 有时a,an后面紧接的不是单数名词,而是a (an) +形容词+单数名词的形式。 这时判断用a还是an来表示“一个”的概念时,要看形容词开头字母的发音,而不是看名词。 2.复数

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)知识讲解

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I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。whom代替人,是宾格,在定语从句作宾语,在非正式英语常可省略。例如:Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗? This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。(在非正式英语中,主格who代替了宾格whom,亦可省略) whose一般代替人,有时亦可代替物,是所有格,在定语从句作定语。例如:The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字,你知道吗?(关系代词whose指代先行词hotel,正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which,意思是:the window of the hotel。) (二)关系代词which的用法 which代替物,在定语从句作主语或宾语,作宾语时还可省略。例如: I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。(which可以换成that) Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。(which可以换成that) (三)关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物,在当代英语中大多指物,在定语从句作主语或宾语,作宾语时还可省略。例如: Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗?(that可以换成who) Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge?

人教版中考英语中考英语总复习初中英语连词完整归纳含答案解析

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初中英语语法总结(完整)

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我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或影响仍存在。 They have lived in Beijing for five years. 他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4.一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响,只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用,如:yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot. 他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5. 过去进行时 表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。 Beijing was hosting the 29th Olympic Games in August 2008. 在2008年8月,北京正在举行29届奥运会。 6. 过去完成时 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作,即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”,句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语,这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till ) They finished earlier than we had expected. 他们提前完成了(工作)。 7. 一般将来时 表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用。 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天就要离开北京。 8、将来进行时 表将来某个时间正在发生的动作,或按计划一定会发生的事情。 I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。 9、将来完成时 表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情,时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如:by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. 到下个月底,他步行将达到1000英里。 英语共有十六个时态、四个体。(注:四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。) 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式,如:直陈式,命令式等。

初中英语知识点总结:连词知识点总结

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Not only she but also I am wrong.不但她错了,我也错了。 He not only made a promise,but kept it.他不仅许诺,而且做到了。 6.as well as也、又 We will rescue Henry as well as you.除了你,我们还要营救亨利。 He likes basketball as well as football.除了足球,他还喜欢篮球。 二、常用的从属连词: (一)引导时间状语从句的连词有:when,while,since,until,after,before,as soon as 1.when当……时 When we got there,the meeting had begun.我们到时,会议已经开始了。 It was raining when she arrived at the station.她到达车站时,正在下雨。588.es 2.while正当……时,正在……时。(while引导的从句中,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,且常常用进行时。 Don’t make any noise while others are reading.别人读书时不要制造噪音。 She sang while she was walking.她边走边唱。 3.since自从 It’s just a month since we arriv ed here.我们到这儿刚好一月了。 My mother has been ill since I left home.自从我离开家我妈妈就一直生病。 4.until直到……为止

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(一)关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。例如: An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。 whom代替人,是宾格,在定语从句作宾语,在非正式英语常可省略。例如: Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗? This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago. 这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。(在非正式英语中,主格who代替了宾格whom,亦可省略) whose一般代替人,有时亦可代替物,是所有格,在定语从句作定语。例如: The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字,你知道吗?(关系代词whose指代先行词hotel,正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which,意思是:the window of the hotel。) (二)关系代词which的用法 which代替物,在定语从句作主语或宾语,作宾语时还可省略。例如: I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。(which可以换成that) Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。(which可以换成that) (三)关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物,在当代英语中大多指物,在定语从句作主语或宾语,作宾语时还可省略。例如: Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗?(that可以换成who)

初中英语语法总结(完整)

初中英语语法总结(完整) 【注】 构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴,它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式,动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来,就构成了以下一般完成进行完成进行现在现在一般时do现在完成时have done现在进行时is doing现在完成进行时have been doing过去过去一般时did过去完成时had done过去进行时was doing过去完成进行时had been doing将来将来一般时will do将来完成时will have done将来进行时will be doing将来完成进行时will have been doing过去将来过去将来一般时would do过去将来完成时would have done过去将来进行时would be doing过去将来完成进行时would have been doing英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有六种,但是常考的或较常用的只有9种。 要掌握英语的时态和语态,必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。

1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语;表示客观规律和永恒真理等。H e usually goes to work at7 o’clock every morning、他每天7点上班。 2、现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动:或表感情色彩,加强语气。与频率副词,如always,constantly,continually,again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。W e are having English class、我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或影响仍存在。T hey have lived in Beijing for five years、他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4、一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响,只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用,如:yesterday; last week; in1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot、他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5、过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。B eijing was hosting the29th Olympic Games in August全文结束》》、在xx年8月,北京正在举行29届奥运会。

初中英语三大从句总结

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