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最新大学有机化学期中考试试题

最新大学有机化学期中考试试题
最新大学有机化学期中考试试题

有机化学

(2010 — 2011 学年度第 一 学期)

《 有机化学 》

课程

)

一、命名下列各化合物及写出下列化合物的结构式(本大题共10题,每题1.5分,共15分)

(1)

(2) C C

H 3C

H 3CH 2C (C H 3)3

(3)

(4)

C H 3CH 3

(5) (要求标出手性碳原子的R\S 构型)

(6)(Z )- 3- 甲基 – 4 – 异丙基 – 3 – 庚稀

(7) CHClBrF (用费歇而投影式表示化合物的R 构型)

(8)对氨基苯甲酸

(9)(2Z ,4Z )-2-溴-2,4-辛二烯

(10)2,3-二硝基-4-氯甲苯

(CH 3)2CHCH 2C(CH 3)3

C

CH(CH 3)2

H

H 3C CH COOH

Br H

H CH 3

二、选择题(本大题共20题,每题1分,共20题,每题1分,请把答案写到下面的表格)

1.二氯丙烷可能的构造异构体数目是多少?( ) A :2 B :4 C :6 D :5

2、下列化合物进行硝化反应时最容易的是:( ) A :苯 B :硝基苯 C :甲苯 D :氯苯

3.CH 3CH 2C≡CH 与CH 3CH=CHCH 3可用哪种试剂鉴别? (

)

A :硝酸银的氨溶液

B :Br 2的CCl 4溶液

C :三氯化铁溶液

D :酸性KMnO 4溶液 4. 下列化合物不能被酸性KMnO 4作用下氧化成苯甲酸的是?( )

A : 甲苯

B : 乙苯

C :叔丁苯

D :环己基苯 5.在下列构象式中,能量最高的是( )

6. 下列碳正离子中最稳定的是( )

7.下列结构式中,与

H

CHO OH

2OH 相同的是( )

A 、

B 、

C 、

D 、

H

CHO

OH

CH 2OH

H

C OH

CH 2OH

H

O

OH

H

2OH

8.在亲电取代反应中,活性最大的是( )

9.下列化合物中无芳香性的是(

A. B.

O

C. D.

10.分子式为C 5H 10的三员环化合物,其可能的异构体总数为( ) (a )6个 (b )

5个 (c )4个

(d )3个 11.下列化合物中无旋光性的是(

A. H

OH B. Cl C. C 2H 5

H 5C 2

H OH H D. CH 3

CH 3Br H OH H

12.薄荷醇

理论上所具有的立体异构体数目应为: ( )

(A) 8种 (B) 16种 (C) 2种 (D) 4种

A 、

B 、

C 、

D 、

33

H H

3CH 3

CH 3CH A 、

B 、

C 、

D 、

CH 3CH CH CH 2+

CH 3CH +

CH CH 2CH 2CH CH 2CH 2

+

CH +

CH 2CH CH 2

CH 3A 、

B 、

C 、

D 、

CH 3Cl CH 3

C

H 3OH

13.反-2-丁烯与溴加成得( )体。

(A) 外消旋体 (B) 非对映体 (C) 内消旋体 (D) 对映体 14.下列描述正确的是( )

(A).含有手性碳的化合物必定有旋光性 (B). 不含手性碳的化合物肯定无旋光性

(C).物质具有旋光性的根本原因是其分子结构具有手征性

(D).外消旋体没有旋光性,内消旋体具有旋光性

15.内消旋酒石酸与外消旋酒石酸什么性质相同 ( )

(A) 熔点 (B) 沸点 (C) 在水中溶解度 (D) 比旋光度

16.下列烯烃中结构最稳定的是( )

(a)

(b)(c)

(d)

C H 3C

H 3CH 3H

C

H 3CH 2H

C H 3H

CH 3

H C H 3CH 3C

H 3CH 3

17.某烯烃经臭氧化和水解后生成等物质的量的丙酮和乙醛,则该化合物

是:( ).

(A) (CH 3)2C =C(CH 3)2 (B) CH 3CH =CHCH 3

(C) (CH 3)

2C =CHCH 3

(D) (CH 3)2C =C =CH

2

18.下列四个反应中哪个属于自由基历程:

ClCH 2CH 2CH Cl

CH 2BrCH 2CH 3CH 2ClCH 2CH 3

CH 3CH 2CH 2CN

19.下列属于共振杂化体的是:

CH 2

CH 2

+

O OH

CH 2

H

H +

CH 2H

H +

O

O

20.2-甲基丁烷与溴在光照下反应的主要产物是:( )

(A):(CH 3)2CHCH 2CH 2Br ; (B):(CH 3)2CHCH Br CH 3; (C):CH 2BrCH(CH 3)CH 2CH 3; (D):(CH 3)2CBrCH 2CH 3

三、完成下列反应方程式,写出其主要产物(本大题共10空,每空2分,共20分)

(9)

(10)

CH 3

Cl 3C CH CH 2

CH 3CH 2CH CH 2HOCl

CH 3C CCH 3HC

CCH 2CH

CH 2

O

O

O

3

CH 3CH 2CH 2

Cl

+CH(CH 3)2Cl 2

+

H 2 S O 4

C H 3 C H 2 C C

H 2 C H 3

H C

C H 3

大学英语泛读教程4(第三版)期中期末试卷Reading Master 1_Final Exam B

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大学有机化学试题及答案最新版本

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