PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A (1 point each)
1. A. The man shouldn't care what Sandra said.
B. The man shouldn't listen to Sandra.
C. The man should talk openly with Sandra.
D. The man should get back home early.
2. A. A boss and an employee.
B. A lawyer and a client.
C. A shop assistant and a customer.
D. A bus driver and a passenger.
3. A. The woman helped to do part of the experiment.
B. The woman proposed some good ideas in the experiment.
C. The woman was grateful for the success of the experiment.
D. The woman recommended some useful books for the experiment.
4. A. It is very neat.
B. It is a mess.
C. It is very pleasant.
D. It is a hell.
5. A. He got the camera at a very low price.
B. The camera is very expensive.
C. The camera is worth nothing.
D. He does not like the camera.
6. A. Because it provides free service.
B. Because it is the best store of its kind.
C. Because it has a great variety of goods.
D. Because it has high quality goods there.
7. A. Because he is going to find a new job.
B. Because he has to work over-time in the office.
C. Because he is going to move to a new town.
D. Because his job is too demanding for him.
8. A. Because he is very inspiring.
B. Because he is very brave.
C. Because he made some great achievements.
D. Because he is a successful ruler.
9. A. He is very stem with his employees.
B. He works very hard himself.
C. He is very satisfied with his employees.
D. He makes excessive demands on his employees.
Section B ( 1 point each)
10. A. Because his mother wanted him to learn.
B. Because he preferred the violin to the piano.
C. Because he heard a friend of his play it.
D. Because he thought the violin was for classical music.
11. A. He joined the Army Orchestra.
B. He stopped playing the violin.
C. He played more than 100 concerts a year.
D. He played classical music for American soldiers.
12. A. Everyone needs music'.
B. People are born musical.
C. Children love music more than adults.
D. Music is the product of human civilization.
13. A. In developed countries.
B. In developing countries.
C. In European countries.
D. In Asian countries.
14. A. They teach and convey cultural values in schools.
B. They work as volunteers in developing countries.
C. They help take care of the AIDS patients.
D. They take care of their own grandchildren at home.
15. A. They can no longer perform their jobs well.
B. They don't want to work any longer.
C. They have to give up their jobs to youngsters.
D. No boss would like to hire older employees.
Section C ( 1 point each)
16. Sam Maloof is the best-known ___________ of hand-made furniture.
17. According to Sam Maloof, a successful chair or table contains something of ___________.
18. Where are the 65 pieces of Mr. Maloof's furniture shown?
19. What did People Magazine call Sam Maloofin 1986?
20. How much does a piece of Maloof's furniture cost today?
PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )
Section A (0.5 point each )
Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
21. The focus on profitability pushes the systems unreasonably large, rendering them more vulnerable to terrorist attacks.
A. declaring
B. verifying
C. making
D. indicating
22. The 8.5-ton Shenzhou III spaceship has been substantially improved in terms of the life-support system.
A. technologically
B. considerably
C. structurally
D. internally
23. According to the American judicial system twelve people constitute a jury.
A. compose
B. overthrow
C. dispose
D. surpass
24. With so many trivial matters to attend to, he can hardly get down to reading for the test.
A. participate in
B. cater to
C. indulge in
D. see to
25. The decently dressed son and the humble-looking father formed a striking contrast.
A. astonishing
B. humiliating
C. noticeable
D. fleeting
26. Nowadays the prevention against SARS has assumed new significance and attracted much attention.
A. carried on
B. taken on
C. worked on
D. embarked on
27. At the economic forum, each speech by a distinguished guest has to be translated simultaneously.
A. once in a while
B. at the same time
C. in a broad sense
D. as soon as possible
28. Studies of the role of positive thinking in our daily lives have yielded interesting results.
A. specific
B. active
C. creative
D. confident
29. This training course is intended to improve the competence of English of the staff.
A. proficiency
B. grasp
C. efficiency
D. competition
30. Students are supposed to set aside enough time for recreations and sports.
A. set apart
B. leave out
C. go about
D. put up
Section B (0.5 point each)
Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a dingle bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
31. Some of the old customs have continued ___ politeness although they are no longer thought about now.
A. in the way of
B. in the eyes of
C. in the face of
D. in the form of
32. One of the chief functions of slang words is to consolidate one's _____ with a group.
A. identification
B. specification
C. introduction
D. superstition
33. Given the other constitutional grounds elaborated by the justices, the association ______that schools should continue to test, if they so choose.
A. preserves
B. safeguards
C. maintains
D. conserves
34. Finding out information about these universities has become amazingly easy for anyone with the Internet ______.
A. entrance
B. admission
C. access
D. involvement
35. Lack of exercise as well as unhealthy dietary habits can increase the risk of ______.
A. mobility
B. morality
C. maturity
D. mortality
36. On this bridge many suicide attempts are _______; lives can be saved.
A. impulsive
B. responsive
C. destructive
D. speculative
37. Abraham Lincoln was born on a small farm where the forests were _____ by wild animals.
A. resided
B. inhabited
C. segregated
D. exhibited
38. Some teenagers are so crazy about video games as to play them many hours _____, if possible.
A. on purpose
B. on hand
C. on credit
D. on end
39. Authorities of wildlife have spent millions of dollars on the protection of nature ______.
A. reserves
B. preservatives
C. conservatives
D. reservations
40.The young lady is Mr. Smith's step-daughter, her ______ parents having died in an accident.
A, ecological B. psychological C. physiological D. biological
PART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)
Directions: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the
corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
No one knows for sure whether the type of tea you drink makes a difference in health, but experts say all kinds of teas probably have some health 41 . Each contains high levels of antioxidants (抗氧化剂), 42 affect the process by which oxygen interacts with a substance to change its chemical 43 . But, the way tea is processed can change antioxidant levels 44 color and taste.
Green tea is made by picking the leaves and quickly heating them to stop oxidization. Green tea typically has a 45 , fresh taste. Black tea is processed to fully oxidize and ferment (发酵) the leaves and create a stronger taste. Some experts suggest that this 46 some variation in health effects between black and green teas. The more rare white tea is considered the finest of teas because it 47 the youngest buds from the plant, which are still covered with whitish hairs when they're picked. White and green teas have 48 amount of caffeine. But even black teas contain only about half as much caffeine as coffee.
Herbal teas are something 49 different. They are made from the leaves, flowers or roots of various plants. Herbal teas can vary widely 50 their health effects.
41. A. advantages B. benefits C. merits D. profits
42. A. where it B. that C. which D. when it
43. A. elements B. ingredients C. fragment D. composition
44. A. as well as B. as it is C. as far as D. as it were
45. A. faint B. mild C. tender D. gentle
46. A. joins in B. hands in C. results in D. gives in
47. A. composes of B. makes out C. makes up D. consists of
48. A. less B. the least C. more D. the most
49. A. entirely B. inevitably C. enormously D. irresistibly
50. A. in case of B. in proportion to C. in exchange for D. in terms of
PART IV READEING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)
Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Singletons, referring to those who live alone, are being comforted by well-meaning friends and family and told that not having a partner is not the end of the world. So, it would seem that they can say, yes, it is not. But no, in fact, it is the end.
A gloomy study has just been released that says that the international trend towards living alone is putting an unprecedented strain on our ecosystem.
For a number of reasons--relationship breakdown, career choice, longer life spans, smaller families--the number of individual households is growing. And this is putting intolerable pressure on natural resources, and accelerating the extinction of endangered plant and animal species. And here is worse news. Running a refrigerator, television, cooker, plumbing system just for selfish little you is a disastrous waste of resources on our over-populated planet. "The efficiency of resource consumption" is a lot higher in households of two people or more, simply because they share everything. Well imagine that. Just when you thought living alone was OK, you would find that all the time you were the enemy of mankind. Every time you put the kettle on the stove for a cup of coffee you were destroying Mother Earth. Indeed, it is not just your mother who is a bit worried by your continuing single status--you are letting
down the entire human race by not having a boyfriend or girlfriend. The trouble is that society has a group instinct and people panic and hit out when they see other people quietly rebelling and straying away from the "standard" of family and coupledom.
The suggestion is .that singledom should be at best a temporary state. Unless you are assimilated into a larger unit, you can never be fully functional.
Try "communal living." There are all these illustrations of young attractive people having a "great time," laughingly bumping into each other. It looks like an episode of the TV series "Friends."
And the message is clear: Togetherness is good, solitude is bad, and being single on your own is not allowed.
51. Well-meaning friends and family members often tell those who live alone that _______.
A. they should end their singtedom as soon as possible
B. they should live together with other singletons
C. singledom is an acceptable life-style
D. singledom can shorten one's life-span
52. Which of the following may NOT be the reason for the increasing number of households as mentioned in the passage?
A. Many people get divorced because of unhappy marriage.
B. Now people can afford to support a household individually.
C. Some people have to sacrifice family life for their careers.
D. Many people live much longer than before.
53. The author thinks living alone is disastrous mainly because singledom is ______.
A. harmful to people's life
B. destructive to our ecosystem
C. dangerous to plants and animals
D. unworkable in our society
54. It is implied in the passage that singletons are usually ________.
A. self-reliant
B. self-conscious
C. self-sufficient
D. self-centered
55. When seeing others living alone, some people panic because they think singledom is ________.
A. abnormal
B. diversified
C. unimaginable
D. disgusting
56. The author suggests that singletons should _________.
A. find boy friends or girl friends
B. live with their parents and other family members
C. live together and share more with their friends
D. watch more episodes of the TV series "Friends"
Passage Two
In 1999 when MiShel and Carl Meissner decided to have children, they tackled the next big issue: Should they try to have a girl? It was no small matter. MiShel's brother had become blind from a hereditary condition in his early 20s, and the Meissners had learned that the condition is a disorder passed from mothers to sons. If they had a boy, he would have a 50 per cent chance of having the condition. A girl would be unaffected. The British couple's inquiries about sex selection led them to Virginia, US, where a new sperm-separation technique, called MicroSort, was experimental at the time. When MiShel became pregnant she gave birth to a daughter. Now they will try to have a second daughter using the same technique.
The technique separates sperm into two groups--those that carry the X-chromosome (染色体) producing a female baby and those that carry the Y-chromosome producing a male baby.
The technology was developed in 1990s, but the opening of a laboratory in January 2003 in California
marked the company's first expansion. "We believe the number of people who want this technology is greater than those who have access to it," said Keith L. Btauer, the company's clinical director.
This is not only a seemingly effective way to select a child's gender. It also brings a host of ethical （伦理的）and practical considerations--especially for the majority of families who use the technique for nonmedical reasons.
The clinic offers sex selection for two purposes: to help couples avoid passing on a sex-linked genetic disease and to allow those who already have a child to "balance" their family by having a baby of the opposite sex.
Blauer said the comply has had an impressive success rate: 91 per cent of the women who become pregnant after sorting for a girl are successful, while 76 per cent who sort for a boy and get pregnant are successful.
The technique separates sperm based on the fact that the X chromosome is larger than the Y chromosome. A machine is used to distinguish the size differences and sort the sperm accordingly.
57. Why did MiShel and Carl decide not to have a boy?
A. Because they might give birth to a blind baby.
B. Because Carl might pass his family's disease to his son.
C. Because the boy might become blind when he grows up.
D. Because they wanted a daughter to balance their family.
58. When MiShel gave birth to her first girl, the new sperm-separation technique _______.
A. had already been well-developed
B. had not been declared successful
C. was available to those who wanted it
D. had been widely accepted in the medical world
59. Which of the following is the author's primary concern regarding the application of the new technology?
A. The expansion of the new technology may not bring profits to the companies.
B. Most people who use the technology will not have a baby as they want.
C. The effect of the new technology still needs to be carefully examined.
D. Increasing use of the technology may disturb the sex balance in the population.
60. According to Mr. Blauer, by using the new technology, _________.
A. 91% of the women' successfully give birth to girls
B. 76% of the women get pregnant with boys
C. it is more successful for those who want to have girls
D. it is more successful for those who want to have boys
61. The sperm-separation technique is based on the fact that the chromosomes responsible for babies' sex ________.
A. are of different shapes
B. are of different sizes
C. can be identified
D. can be reproduced
62. We can infer from this passage that the new technology ___________.
A. may not guarantee people a daughter or a son as they desire
B. is used by most families for nonmedical reasons
C. has brought an insoluble ethical dilemma for mankind
D. will lead to a larger proportion of females in the population
Passage Three
Without question there are plenty of bargains to be had at sales time---particularly at the top-quality shops whose reputation depends on having only the best and newest goods in stock each season. They tend, for obvious reasons, to be the fashion or seasonal goods which in due course become the biggest bargains.
It is true that some goods are specially brought in for the sales but these too can provide exceptional value. A manufacturer may have the end of a range left on his hands and be glad to sell the lot off cheaply to shops; or he may have a surplus of a certain material which he is glad to make up and get rid of cheaply; or he may be prepared to produce a special line at low cost merely to keep his employees busy during a slack period. He is likely to have a good many "seconds" available and if their defects are trifling these may be particularly good bargains.
Nevertheless, sales do offer a special opportunity for sharp practices and shoppers need to be extra critical. For example the "second" should be clearly marked as such and not sold as if they were perfect. (The term "substandard", incidentally, usually indicates a more serious defect than "seconds".) More serious is the habit of marking the price down from an alleged previous price which is in fact fictitious. Misdescription of this and all other kinds is much practiced by the men who run one-day sales of carpets in church halls and the like. As the sellers leave the district the day after the sale there is little possibility of redress. In advertising sales, shops may say "only 100 left" when in fact they have plenty more; conversely they may say "10,000 at half-price" when only a few are available at such a drastic reduction. If ever the warning "let the buyer beware" were necessary it is during sales.
63. Which kind of goods can be among the best bargains?
A. Cheapest goods
B. Newest goods
C. Seasonal goods
D. Goods in stock
64. The Second paragraph deals with all of the following types of goods EXCEPT _________.
A. surplus goods
B. low-cost goods
C. the end lot goods
D. exceptionally valued goods
65. In order to maintain his business during a bad time, a manufacturer may
A. have his goods produced at low cost
B. sell his goods at a very low price
C. have his employees sell his goods
D. try to produce high quality goods
66. The passage suggests that "seconds" __________.
A. are of better quality than "substandard goods"
B. attract buyers as particularly good bargains
C. are defective but marked as perfect
D. are goods with serious defects
67. The word "redress" (the underlined word in the last paragraph) probably means _______.
A. dressing again
B. change of address
C. compensation for something wrong
D. selling the same product at different prices
68. During sales shoppers should ________.
A. find the best bargains at every opportunity
B. beware of being cheated
C. buy things that are necessary
D. pay more attention to the price
Passage Four
How many of today's ailments, or even illnesses, are purely psychological? And how far can these be alleviated by the use of drugs? For example a psychiatrist concerned mainly with the emotional problems of old people might improve their state of mind somewhat by the use of anti-depressants but he would not remove the root cause of their depression--the feeling of being useless, often unwanted and handicapped by failing physical powers.
One of the most important controversies in medicine today is how far doctors, and particularly psychologists, should depend on the use of drugs for "curing" their patients. It is not merely that drugs may have been insufficiently tested and may reveal harmful side effects (as happened in the case of anti-sickness pills prescribed for expectant mothers) but the uneasiness of doctors who feel that they are treating the symptoms of a disease without removing the disease itself. On the other hand, some psychiatrists argue that in many cases (such as chronic depressive illness) it is impossible to get at the root of the illness while the patient is in a depressed state. Even prolonged psychiatric care may have no noticeable effect whereas some people can be lifted out of a depression by the use of drugs within a matter of weeks. These doctors feel not only that they have no right to withhold such treatment, but that the root cause of depression cart be tackled better when the patient himself feels better. This controversy is concerned, however, with the serious psychological illnesses. It does not solve the problem of those whose headaches, indigestion, backache, etc. are due to "nerves". Commonly a busy family doctor will ascribe them to some physical cause and as a matter of routine prescribe a drug. Once again the symptoms are being cured rather than the disease itself.
It may be true to say, as one doctor suggested recently, that over half of the cases that come to the ordinary doctor's attention are not purely physical ailments. If this is so, the situation is serious indeed.
69. The author thinks that drugs used for treating psychological ills _________.
A. could be ineffective in some cases
B. usually have harmful side effects
C. can greatly alleviate the illnesses
D. can remove the root causes
70. The controversy mentioned in the passage focuses on ___________.
A. whether psychologists should use drugs to cure their patients
B. how psychologists should treat their patients
C. the fact that all of the drugs have harmful side effects
D. the extent to which drugs should be used to fight psychological illness
71. The passage indicates that psychologists ___________.
A. find it impossible to remove a psychological disease
B. feel dissatisfied at treating their patients with drugs
C. believe that the root cause of a disease can be ignored
D. can do nothing if the patient is in a depressed state
72. When treating patients with psychological problems, some doctors feel that they___________.
A. are at a loss for treatment
B. have no right to use drugs
C. have to cure their patients by any means
D. should use drugs to treat the symptoms
73. A family doctor would normally consider a headache or backache as a result of ___________.
A. a more serious disease
B. some emotional problem
C. a physical disorder
D. prolonged work
74. Regarding the situation of psychological problems the author feels ___________.
A. concerned
B. hopeless
C. surprised
D. disappointed
Passage Five
Those who make the rules for financial institutions probably should take a modified oath. Their pledge would be: First, do no harm. Second, if the reforms put before me are unclear, don't approve them.
Charles Morris may not have intended his new book Money, Greed, and Risk to cast such a dim light
on the regulators, but it does. In fact, it may serve as a wake-up call for true believers in our current regulatory structure, most of which was erected in the 1930s and most of which Morris seems to favor, despite the stupid results it has caused.
Morris, a former Chase Manhattan banking executive, outlines in great detail; again and again, how regulators, lawmakers, firms and many of the customers marched straight into mortgage, currency, thrift ( 互助储蓄) and other investment disasters. His discussion of Regulation Q, an attempt by Congress in the 1960s to rescue ailing savings and loans by regulating interest rates, reveals not only Congressional economic illiteracy, but also the deep harm such foolish thinking can do to the real economy.
After some 260 pages listing the foolish things of Wall Street, regulators and lawmakers, Morris draws some pessimistic conclusions: "One constant in all the crises is that the regulatory responses come only after a crisis hits its peak." For example, it "took the S&L crisis of the 1980s to bring honest accounting to thrifts, and it wasn't until the banking sector suffered huge losses in real estate and foreign loans that regulators began to enforce strict capital standards."
So, what is the point of regulation? Morris, who is excellent at recounting tales of regulation gone bad, asserts that regulation is absolutely necessary, that it is the essential plumbing in our economic house. Nevertheless, Mr. Morris should have noticed that plumbing requires plumbers, and while a good one can keep a house functional, a rotten plumber can turn a minor drip into a ruinous flood.
75. The passage is primarily concerned with _________.
A. recommending Morris's new book
B. criticizing Morris's attitude to regulations
C. describing current economic situations
D. commenting on financial regulators
76. Which of the following is true of Money; Greed and Risk?
A. It discusses the importance of plumbing in keeping a house functional.
B. It describes a great number of financial disasters in detail.
C. It analyses the reasons for regulating the banking industry.
D. It emphasizes the flaws in the financial system of the 1930s.
77. Regulation Q is quoted in the passage mainly to _________.
A. demonstrate what kind of examples Morris has cited in his book
B. illustrate that misguided policies can be very harmful to economy
C. support Morris's statement about the incompetence of Congressmen and bankers
D. refute Morris's conclusion about the foolishness of the government regulations
78. The government regulations often fail to bring the desired result partly because ________.
A. the regulators do not understand economy well
B. the regulations are enforced before a crisis hits its peak
C. banking executives do not believe in the current regulatory structure
D. the standards for financial institutions are not consistent
79. According to the passage, which of the following is true of Morris?
A. He needn't have recounted so many financial disasters.
B. He has little faith in the present-day regulatory system.
C. He has failed to point out that regulators are more to blame than unwise regulations.
D. His book will undermine the readers' faith in the current regulatory structure.
80. The author's attitude towards Morris's new book can best be described as______.
A. scornful
B. appreciative
C. satirical
D. critical
PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)
Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II.
What's strange about man is that he has yet to learn to settle disputes by some means other than war. Not only does war take a heavy toll of lives, but leads to increased tension. The use of sophisticated weapons is apt to bring about disasters to human health, although the reluctance to eliminate weapons of mass destruction on the part of the big powers will not necessarily end up with conflicts. The chances are that man will have his own civilization destroyed if the notion of the survival of the fittest still applies to the international community. We cannot help wondering how many years it will take for the world to eliminate war once for all.
Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)
Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II.
运用世界领先的技术将使中国有可能摆脱贫穷。来中国的国外游客吃惊地发现在以前又脏又穷的地方出现了高楼大厦。他们的所见所闻使他们得出的结论是：中国不仅远非落后，而且正向小康社会迈进。
PART VI WRITING ( 30 minutes, 10 points )
Directions: Write a composition of approximately 150 words according to the topic given below.
TOPIC :
Do you agree with the statement that the traditional teacher-centered lecture format used in many colleges and universities discourages independent thinking? Give some reasons to support your point of view.
参考答案:
英译汉
人类的奇怪之处在于仍然未学会以非战争的手段解决冲突。战争不仅造成重大伤亡，而且加剧紧张局势。尽管大国不愿销毁大规模杀伤性武器也不一定导致冲突，但尖端武器的使用会给人类健康带来灾难。如果适者生存这一观念仍适用于国际社会，那么人类的文明就很能遭到毁灭。我们不禁要问世界需要多少年才能彻底消灭战争。
汉译英
The application of world-leading technologies will make it possible for China to shake off poverty. Foreign visitors to China are surprised to find that high-rises have sprung up in what used to be dirty and poor. What they see and hear leads them to the conclusion that not only is China far from backward, but well on the way to the well-off society.
GET Cloze 2012/6 “ A better, richer and happier life for all our citizens.” That's the American 41. In practice, it means living in a spacious, air-conditioned house, owning a car or three and maybe a boat or a holiday home, not to mention flying off to 42 destinations. The trouble 43 this lifestyle is that it consumes a lot of power. If everyone in the world started living like wealthy Americans, we 44 need to generate more than 10 times45 energy each year. And 46, in a century or three, we all expect to be47 by an army of robots and zoom up into space on holidays, we are going to need a vast amount more. Where are we going to get so much power from? It is clear that continuing to rely on 48 fuels will have catastrophic results, because of the dramatic warming effect of carbon dioxide. But alternative power sources will affect the climate too. For now, the climatic effects of "clean energy" sources are trivial 49 those that spew out greenhouse gases, but if we keep on using ever more power over the coming centuries, they will become ever more 50. 41.A.constitution B.dream C.history D.character 42.A.exotic B.patriotic C.supersonic D.alcoholic 43.A.on B.for C.at D.with 44.A.shall B.will C.should D.would 45.A.much more B.more than C.as much D.of more 46.A.if B.though C.while D.so 47.A.taken to B.attended to C.attached to D.submitted to 48.A.rock B.stone C.fossil D.diamond 49.A.according to B.based on C.such as https://www.doczj.com/doc/5b9233262.html,pared with 50.A.signified B.imperative C.indispensable D.negligible
（北京）中国科学院大学2013年考研光学真题中国科学院大学 2013 年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学统一考试试题 科目名称：光学 考生须知： 1．本试卷满分为 150 分，全部考试时间总计 180 分钟。 2．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或草稿纸上一律无效。 3．可使用无字典存储和编程功能的计算器。 1. 概念题(15 分，每小题 3 分) 1) 解释光的反射定律和光的折射定律 2) 解释光学系统的孔径光阑和视场光阑 3) 解释辐照度和辐亮度 4) 同一个物体，经针孔与平面镜所成的像有何不同？ 5) 在夜晚的江面上，为什么路灯生成的倒影是拉得很长的一条光带？
2. 置于空气中的平凸薄透镜，其光焦度为 2 ?1m ，折射率为 1.5，求薄透镜焦距和凸面的半径。（6 分） 3. 有一个焦距为 200mm 的胶片照相机，在速度为 18km/h 的列车上拍摄 10m远的物体，如果拍摄的方向垂直于列车前进方向，求能够拍摄到清晰照片时，允许的最长曝光时间是多少？（假定人眼的极限分辨角为 1 角分）(8 分) 4. 显微镜目镜焦距为 25mm，使用此显微镜分辨清楚相邻 0.00075mm 的两个点，求需要选择物镜的倍率是多少？（假定人眼的视角分辨率为 1 角分，即 0.0003弧度）（8 分） 5. 一架 10×的开卜勒望远镜，物镜焦距为 100mm，求望远镜目镜焦距？与观察无限远目标相比，当用此望远镜观察距离 500mm 处的目标时，需要的调焦距离是多少？假定该望远镜的物镜和目镜之间有足够的调焦可能，求此时仪器的实际视放大率等于多少。(13 分)
6. 今有一振动方向与入射面的法线成45度角的线偏振光以48 37′角入射到玻璃空气界面上，玻璃折射率为n=1.51。试确定反射光的偏振状态(光电场矢量末端轨迹、旋向)。 (12 分) 7. 一束振动方向垂直于入射面的线偏振激光和一束太阳光分别以60 角斜入射到折射率为n = 1.5的窗玻璃上，若不计玻璃内的多次反射和折射，求其透过率，并说明它们透过窗玻璃后的偏振状态将发生怎样的变化。 (14 分) 8. 今有一波长为λ = 5μm 的红外光垂直入射到两表面镀有折射率为n = 2.35 膜层的锗片( n = 4 )上，膜层的光学厚度为 1.25μm，若不计吸收损耗，试计算该光透过锗片后光能的损失为多少？ (10 分) 9. 在杨氏实验中，点光源为中心波长λ = 500nm 、线宽?λ = 10nm 的复色光源，试求观察屏上最多能看到多少级干涉条纹。 (12 分)
一、交际英语 1．--Have a cup of tea, ? --Thanks a lot. A don’t you B haven’t you C shall me D will you 2.-- ? --He is not very well. A Who is he B What is he C How is he D Who he is 3.—Why didn’t you come to my birthday party yesterday? -- . A Excuse me, my frie nd sent me a flower B Fine, I never go to birthday parties C Well, I don’t like birthday parties D Sorry, but my wife had a car accident 4.—This box is too heavy for me to carry upstairs. -- A You may ask for help B I’ll give you a hand C Please do me a favor D I’d come to help 5. -Could I ask you a rather personal question? -Of course, . A good idea B that’s right C never mind D go ahead 二、词汇与结构 6．I don’t know the park, but it’s to be quite beautiful. A．said B．old C．spoken D．talked 7．Mike is better than Peter swimming. A．for B．at C．on D．in 8．The young lady coming over to us our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that! A．must be B．can be C．woul be D．could be 9．Had you come five minutes earlier, you the train to Birmingham. But now you missed it. A．Would catch B．would have caught C．Could catch D．Should catch 10．Eggs, though rich in nourishments, have of fat. A．a large number of B．the large number C．a large amount D．the large amount 三、阅读理解 Passage 1 Snowflakes look like white stars falling from the sky. But there have been times when snow has looked red, green, yellow, or black. There have been snowflakes of almost every color. Think how it would seem to have colored snowflakes coming down all around you. Black snow fell in France one year. Another year grey snow fell in Japan. It was found that the snow was mixed with ashes. his made it look dark. Red snow had come down in other countries. When this happened, the snow was mixed with red dust. Most snow looks white, but it is really the color of ice. Snow is ice that comes from snow cloud. Each snowflake begins with a small drop of frozen water. More water forms around this drop. The way the water freezes gives the snowflakes its shape. No two snowflakes are ever just the same size or shape. Sometimes the snowflakes are broken when they come down. Other snowflakes melt as they fall. All snowflakes are flat and have six
2015年1月研究生英语学位课统考（GET）真题试卷 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. VOCABULARY 3. CLOZE 4. READING COMPREHENSION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITING LISTENING COMPREHENSION Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet. 听力原文：W: What are you doing, Sam? M: I'm looking for a job through the classified ads in the paper. W: Have you tried networking? Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? 1． A．Try job agencies. B．Read newspaper ads. C．Receive extra training. D．Contact other people. 正确答案：D 解析：女士说：你在做什么，Sam?男士说：我正在看报纸的分类广告找工作。女士说：你没试试你的人脉圈?networking的意思是“通过社交活动获得的人际关系网”，所以女士的 建议是找认识的朋友帮助推荐工作。 听力原文：M: How much sleep do you usually get? W: About seven hours a night. But last night, I slept an extra half hour. Q: How much sleep did the woman get last night? 2． A．About six and a half hours. B．About seven and a half hours. C．About seven hours. D．About eight hours. 正确答案：B解析：男士说：你通常睡多长时间?女士说：每天晚上大概7小时。但是昨天晚上我多睡了半小时。an extra half hour指的是在每天7小时的基础上多睡了半小时，就是7个半小时。听力原文：W: The house price this year is so high. I cannot even afford to rent a one-bedroom flat. M: Now I know how to become a millionaire. Purchase a three-bedroom flat in 1984 and wait patiently for 30 years. It's simple. Q: According to the man, how can one become a millionaire? 3． A．Live a simple life for 30 years. B．Rent a three-bedroom flat in 1984. C．Buy a three-bedroom flat in 1984. D．Save money for 30 years. 正确答案：C解析：女士说：今年的房价太高了。我甚至连一居室的公寓都租不起了。男士说：现 在我知道怎么成为百万富翁了。1984年买一套三居室的公寓，耐心等30年。就这么简单。男士的 意思是，在1984年买一套三居室公寓，然后等房价上涨，等上30年就能成为百万富翁了。 听力原文：W: Hey, Joe. Did you read this chart? M: No, what is it about?
附件4 中国科学院大学 研究生课程学习及学分要求暂行规定 （2015年3月16日校长办公会议通过） 根据《中国科学院大学学位授予工作细则》、《中国科学院大学关于研究生课程设臵的指导意见》和《中国科学院大学研究生课程教学组织管理暂行规定》，结合中国科学院大学（以下简称“国科大”）研究生培养的实际情况，特制定本规定。 一、总则 1.本规定旨在规范国科大在学研究生有关学分要求、选课、考核等课程学习过程中的相关事项。此处“研究生”指的是在国科大正式注册的研究生，即按照国家招生计划录取的、在国科大校部和中国科学院所属各研究院、所、台、站、中心等单位（以下简称“研究所”）攻读硕士（以下简称“硕士生”）和博士学位的研究生，包括硕博连读研究生（以下简称“硕博生”）、直博生和普通招考博士研究生（以下简称“普博生”）。 2.国科大研究生的培养贯穿于国科大校部组织的集中教学阶段和在科研院所的科研实践阶段。集中教学阶段为期1个学年，一般包括秋季、春季和夏季学期。硕士生、硕博生、直博生须参加集中教学阶段的课程学习，
特殊情况须经国科大教学委员会批准。 二、学分要求 3.国科大研究生的培养实行学分制，研究生获得学位所需的学分，由课程学习学分和必修环节学分两部分组成，二者不能相互替代。必修环节包括开题报告、中期考核、学术报告和社会实践等部分，由各研究所依据国科大有关培养方案的规定，结合学科特点、研究生工作量等因素核定学分和完成期限。 4.硕士生申请硕士学位前，总学分应不低于35学分，包括课程学习30学分和必修环节5学分。课程学习包括学位课和非学位课的学习。学位课学分不低于18学分，其中，公共学位课6学分，专业学位课不低于12学分。非学位课中公共选修课不低于2学分。 专业学位硕士研究生在上述规定前提下，参照国科大相关培养方案，工程硕士必须修读《知识产权》、《信息检索》和《专业英语》三门公共课，共计4学分。 参加集中教学的硕士生，在集中教学阶段，课程学习总学分应不低于25学分，其中，公共学位课6学分，非学位课中公共选修课不低于2学分。 5.硕博生与直博生在申请博士学位前，总学分应不低于42学分，包括课程学习37学分和必修环节5学分。课程学习包括学位课和非学位课的学习。学位课学分不低于25
2016年6月研究生英语学位课统考真题 PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A ( 1 point each) Directions:In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet. 1. A. Beauty has advantages and disadvantages. B. Beauty has different meanings to different people. C. Beauty brings attention and opportunities. D. Beauty comes from action and good qualities. 2. A. She is using the book now. B. She may give him a hand. C. She cannot lend him the book. D. She will keep the book for him. 3. A. Rachel lives fairly close to her. B. Rachel visits her quite often. C. Rachel comes here once a month. D. Rachel rarely gets to see her. 4. A. She forgot about the time change. B. She didn’t receive the text message. C. Her roommate forgot to give her the message. D. Her roommate was too nervous to tell her. 5. A. He should have got better grades. B. The test was based on lecture material. C. She misplaced her textbook. D. Small luck plays a big role. 6. A. On the 16th of June. B. On the 18th of June. C. On the 9th of June. D. On the 8th of June. 7. A. Go to sleep. B. Watch the movie later.
一、资源与环境学院简介 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院（资环学院）成立于2004年，是中国科学院大学的基础学院之一。著名自然地理学家秦大河院士任名誉院长，著名环境科学专家江桂斌院士任院长。师资队伍及科研遵循“三统一、四融合”的科教融合办学方针，资环学院由中国科学院生态环境研究中心承办，地理科学与资源研究所与植物研究所协办。学院与欧美、日本、澳大利亚等国家的大学和研究机构有着密切的学术合作，具有多个硕、博士生联合培养项目，为有志于出国深造的研究生开辟了一条便捷途径。资源与环境学院的研究生除了可申请教育部设立的各种奖学金外，还可以申请“中国科学院研究生奖学金”、“中国科学院院长奖学金”等各类奖学金，同时，实行“研究助理”、“管理助理”和“教学助理”制度，有利地保证了研究生正常生活与学习需求。 资源与环境学院2019年预计招收硕士学位研究生30名（包括: 预计接9收推免生10名；环境材料与污染控制技术研究中心约4名；建筑研究与设计中心约4名）。 二、中国科学院大学地图学与地理信息系统专业招生情况、考试科目 三、中国科学院大学地图学与地理信息系统专业分数线
2018年硕士研究生招生复试分数线 2017年硕士研究生招生复试分数线 四、中国科学院大学地图学与地理信息系统专业考研参考书目 843遥感概论： 1. 赵英时等，《遥感应用分析原理与方法》（第二版），北京：科学出版社2013. 2. 梅安新等，《遥感导论》，北京：高等教育出版社，2010. 3. 戴昌达等，《遥感图像应用处理与分析》，北京：清华大学出版社，200 4. 839地理信息系统： [1] 张康聪（Kang-tsung Chang）（作者）, 陈健飞等（译者），地理信息系统导论（第八版），科学出版社，2016年。 [2] 周成虎，裴韬等，2011. 地理信息系统空间分析原理，科学出版社。 841生态学： 1.戈峰主编，现代生态学（第二版），北京：科学出版社, 2008 2.李博主编，生态学，北京：高等教育出版社，2000 五、中国科学院大学地图学与地理信息系统专业复试原则 1.英语测试。满分100分，包括：英文自我介绍（不超过3分钟）（20分）、英文听力会话（30分）、科技文献翻译（50分）。 评分标准：从语法、词汇、表达与交流等方面考察综合运用英语的能力 2.业务能力测试。满分100分，包括：本科阶段课程学习情况；科研工作情况；专业知识问答。 评分标准： （1）现有专业知识与硕士期间计划从事的科研活动的吻合程度(20分) （2）掌握知识的广度、深度和扎实程度（20分）
Test Seven, Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (15 minutes) Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections. Section A Directions: This section is to test your ability to give proper answers to questions. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a pause. The questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. A) Mary is not here, because she is ill. B) No, it isn't. C) Yes, it is. D) We are ready. 2.A) I am not hungry. B) But the price is too high. C) I like doing some cooking. D) I want to have a rest. 3.A) No, you can't. B) Yes, you can. C) I want a seat near the window. D) That's all right. 4. A) Thank you. B) I agree with you. C) Me, too. D) A little better. 5.A) It's snowing now. B) I like it. C) Yes, the grounds are white. D) it sounds good. Section B Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 6.A) $16. B) $32. C) $8. D) $64. 7.A) Patient and doctor. B) Waitress and customer. C) Wife and husband. D) Secretary and boss. 8. A) Worried and frightened. B) Quite unhappy. C) Very relaxed. D) Angry with the professor. 9. A) The woman was late for coming. B) The woman asked the man to wait. C) The man was annoyed by her late coming. D) The man was quite all right. 10. A) Young people are quick in making decisions. B) They seldom stay long on one job. C) They are easy to lose jobs. D) They are too eager to succeed. Section C Directions: In this section you will hear a recorded passage. The passage is printed in the test paper, but with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be read three times. During the second reading, you are required to put the missing words or phrases on the Answer Sheet in order of the numbered blanks according to what you have heard. The third reading is for you to check your writing. Now the passage will begin. Dick was a sailor on a big ship. It went to Japan and Australia, so Dick was often on the ship for some months at a time. When he (11) up in the morning and looked out, he only (12) the sea, or sometimes a port. When he was twenty-three, Dick married and bought a small (13) with a garden in his wife's town. It was (14) away from the sea. Then he had to go back to his ship, and was away (15) home for two months. He went from the port to the town by bus, and was very happy to see his wife again.
研究生英语学位考试模拟试卷(一) (模拟试卷的听力部分没有编辑录音) Non-English Major Graduate Student English (Model) Qualifying Test 请查看答案 II. V ocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points) Section A (0.5 point each) Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has one word or a set of words underlined. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet. 16. The noise was so faint that it was impossible to be sure what it was or even where it came from. a frightening b general c lou d d indistinct 17. The clerk had to break off the conversation in order to await on a customer. a interrupt b hurry c continue d begin 18. The new tax law is explicit; that type of certificate is tax exempt. a definite b deficient c harsh d imprecise 19. Most high school students look up to the star player on the football team. a envy b respect c trust d pursue 20. His winning the award was the highest attainment of his career. a desire b spectacle c achievement d joy 21. He was able to mend the cup and saucer. a wash b repair c decorate d mold 22. It is ridiculous to become angry with such an insignificant matter. a sinful b tragic c absur d d unpardonable 23. The crowd swelled until the noise made could be heard for miles. a shouted b cheered c grew d scattered 24. The flowers will wither in a few hours. a blossom b dry up c open d revive 25. The automobile's exhaust system gave off foul smelling fumes. a attracted b neutralized c emitte d d condensed Section B (0.5 point each) Directions: There are ten sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted. Choose the word or words from the four choices given to best complete each sentence. 26. Unless all staff members agree to _____ to the plan, there may be further changes in the course of action. a infer b prefer c adhere d assure 27. It is hard to reconcile his splendid speech _____ his actual behavior. a to b with c on d from 28. Advertisements may arouse a strong wish for something; how the need is filled will probably be ______ the individual. a on to b up to c as to d down to 29. ______ I like very much to do science, as a teacher I have to go over the students' papers and theses. a As far as b So far c Much as d In so far as 30. We all argued with him not to sign the contract with that company, but _____. a to no purpose b to good purpose c on the spot d in good shape 31. Plato's teachings had a profound _____ on Aristotle. a effect b affect c affectation d take 32. The professor tried to _____ interest in archaeology by taking his students on expedition. a encourage b stimulate c diminish d take 33. He is among those lucky Chinese students who have won_____ to first -rate U.S. universities. a permission b profession c admittance d admission 34. Probability is the mathematical study of the_____ of an event's occurrence. a likelihood b desirability c predictability d malleability 35. Under the director-responsibility system, the party secretary's task is to fully support the director in his work and ______ the Party's policies are observed and State quota met. a to see to b see to it c see to it that d to se e to it III. Close Test (15 minutes, 10 points) Directions: Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word(s) you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet. A democratic country is obliged to give some thought to the question of who is allowed to vote. In Britain, the ..36.. is extended to all people over the age of
中国科学院大学学生户口使用指南 国科大学生处户籍办公室编 2015年3月 一、基本信息 1、国科大学生集体户口基本信息 户口首页地址：北京市海淀区中关村南一条3号 户口登记机关：北京市公安局海淀分局中关村派出所 户口类型：非农业集体户口 2、中关村派出所基本信息 办公地点：北京市海淀区中关村南三街甲15号（中国科学院行政管理局西侧） 办公时间：9:00-12:00，14:00-17:00 咨询电话： 3、国科大学生处户籍管理办公室基本信息 业务范围：新生户口落户，毕业生户口迁出，在校生户口卡借用、复印件及开具户籍证明 办公地点：北京市海淀区中关村东路80号（保福寺桥南）青年公寓东平房131室 咨询电话：（周末不上班，节假日及寒暑假另行通知） 4、国科大教职工、博士后集体户口由户籍办管理 联系电话： 二、新生户口迁移指南 1、学生户口是否需要迁到学校？ 学生进入中国科学院大学就读，可自愿选择是否将户口迁入学校集体户口。户口迁移仅限入学或离校（毕业/退学）时办理，在校期间无法将户口迁入或迁出。 2、学生户口迁入学校有何作用？ 学生在校就读期间将个人户口迁入学校集体户口，便于就近办理出入境证件及签证、结婚生育手续、无犯罪证明、公证以及其他需要户口材料的手续。不迁入集体户口不影响毕业后的留京落户。 3、哪些新生的户口可以迁到学校？ 由中科院北京地区研究所录取的非定向研究生，可自愿选择将户口迁入学校； 录取类型为定向、委托或非脱产自筹培养研究生，不能办理户口迁移手续；
已持有北京市、上海市常住家庭户口或工作单位集体户口的新生，户口不迁入学校； 春季入学/转博的研究生，可于当年9月份随秋季新生一起办理户口迁入。 4、新生户口迁入地址 由京外地区持《户口迁移证》迁入的新生务必确保迁移地址准确，否则无法落户。 5、新生户口迁移材料具体要求 ①从京外地区迁入的新生，需上交《户口迁移证》。迁移证中“出生地”和“籍贯”两项信息必须具体到市或县，且婚姻状况不得为空。如有遗漏必须返回迁出地派出所更正（手写更正处需盖章确认）或提交相应证明材料。否则不予接收，无法落户。 ②来自北京各高校的新生，需上交《常住人口登记卡》。户口卡中“出生地”和“籍贯”两项信息必须具体到市或县，且婚姻状况不得为空。如有遗漏必须返回原派出所更正，否则不予接收，无法落户。 6、新生如何办理北京市身份证？ 根据北京市公安机关规定，持《户口迁移证》入校的京外新生，可在入学时同时办理北京市居民身份证。办理时需采集个人照片及指纹，并缴纳工本费20元/人。具体时间安排请留意相关通知。 采集身份证照片时，请穿着深色有领衣服，露出眉毛及耳朵，勿佩戴首饰、发饰，勿化浓妆。7、新生入学多久后可以使用户口？ 因涉及信息核查、材料制作、指标审批等手续，入学新生（含春季、秋季新生）的户口一般要到当年12月底方可使用，具体时间以相关通知为准。启用同时发放京外迁入新生的北京市身份证。 三、在校生户口使用指南 1、在校生如何借用户籍材料？ 在校生借用户口，需首先到所在研究所（院系）研究生主管老师处开具借用户口的介绍信，准确填写借用事由，经办人签字后分别在骑缝处及落款位置加盖公章。于工作时间持介绍信及本人学生证到学生处户籍管理办公室办理相关事宜。 2、在校生如何办理出入境证件？（详见附件1） （1）因私出入境证件包括：普通护照、《往来港澳通行证》、《大陆居民往来台湾地区通行证》； （2）户口已迁至学校的在校生办理因私出入境证件，可直接进入北京市公安局网站在线预约，并持身份证原件及近期二寸免冠白底彩色照片（不需户口）前往预约受理大厅办理即可； （3）户口未迁入学校集体的在校生也可在京办理出入境证件，需首先进入北京市公安局网站在线预申请，申请审核通过后网上预约，根据预约的时间，持①个人户口簿原件及复印件②居民身份证