英文说明文写作
【篇一：英文说明文写作】
> > > > 英语说明文的写作方法英语说明文的写作方法就说明对象
而言，英语说明文可分为对客观具体事物的说明和对主观抽象观念
的说明两大类，比如：对 laser（激光）、 computer problem of year xx（计算机xx年问题）等等的说明都是对客观或者具体事物
的说明，而 the successful interview（谈成功的面试）、 how to write good english composition（如何才能写好英语）等是对主
观抽象观念的说明。对我们中学生朋友来说，在汉语说明文的教学
中似乎比较侧重前者，即解释客观具体事物的说明文。但在英语说
明文中，阐述和说明主观抽象观念的说明文占了很大的比重，其中
有些类似汉语中的议论文。但是无论是对客观具体事物的说明还是
对主观抽象观念的阐述，英语说明文从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：第一部分一般是文章的第一段，提出文章的主题，也就是说，
文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；第二部分是文章的主体，可由若
干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；第三部分是结尾段，
对文章的主题作归纳总结。从英语说明文的结构可以看出，要写好
英语说明文的关键在于第二部分如何对文章主题进行展开说明。在
英语中，常见的用来展开文章主题的方法有下列几种：罗列法（listing）
在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点，然后常用first，second，and finally加以罗列说明。罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明
文之中，下面这篇学生作文就是用罗列法写成的：
early rising
early rising （早起） is helpful in more than one way. first， it helps to keep us fit （健康）。
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【篇二：英文说明文写作】
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准
确的科学知识或正确。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两
大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词
及科学小品等都属于说明文。
按写作方法,英语说明文主要分为下面六种类型:
1.例证法
这是用具体例子来说明人或事物的特征、本质及其规律的方法,所用
例子必须有代表性、典型性,能体现人或事物的本质特征。这是用特
殊来说明一般的方法。通常在主题句后,用 for example 或 for instance 等短语引导出具体的例子。例如:
our life today depends very much on energy. for example, machines have made our life easier than it used to be. the machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods-everything. factories use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell.
这段主要是讲能源问题。第一句为主题句,概括地说出我们目前的生
活很大程度上依赖能源。接着用举例的方法从三方面说明能源的作用。
2.定义法
下定义就是给说明对象一个明确概念。这是科学而严密的说明方法。它既能揭示事物的本质特征,勾勒其大概,描绘其轮廓,同时也能确定事物的范围和界限。下定义是多方面的,可以给人、事物、等下定义。
例如:
an ideal teacher must have the following characteristics. he should know his subject, but he can make mistakes if he is willing to learn. his personality is as important as his scholarship. an ideal teacher must be enthusiastic. he should
be a bit of an actor and he shouldnt be afraid to show his feelings and express his likes and dislikes. an ideal teacher is one who grows, learns, and improves himself along with his students.
本段的展开是通过对一个模范教师下定义的方法,关键词ideal teacher在文中多次重复,能加深读者的印象。
3.分类法
分类法是对同属不同类或同类而不同种的人或事物,根据不同性质进
行分门别类地说明的方法。分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一。分类必须遵守分类规则,使分类对象具有统一属性,依据同一分类
标准,并使分类的子项相互排斥,不互相包蕴。例如:
as far as political views are concerned, people fall into three categories. first are the conservative people. conservatives are
opposed to sudden or great changes. second are the liberal people. these people are in favour of progress and reform. but their opinions often seem too idealistic. third are the moderate people. the moderates keep everything within reasonable limits. they are more practical in this hard world. in my opinion, most people seem to belong to this group.
本段把人按政治观点分为三类:保守派(conservative people)、自由派(liberal people)和温和派(moderate people),并对他们各自的特
征进行了简要的分析。
4.因果关系法
事物变化的原因和结果是紧密相关的。如果某个现象的存在必然引
起另一个现象的发生,那么,这两个现象之间就具有因果关系。因果关系包括由果推因(由结果去推测原因)和由因推果(由原因去推测结果)
两种情况。因果关系符合人们的日常思维逻辑,因而在写作中得到广
泛应用,常用 because, as, since, so, now that, if...then, the reason is that...等表示因果关系。例如:
of the four seasons, i like spring best. i prefer spring because
it is a season of much joy and gaiety. new life bursts out everywhere. plants wear a green coaagain and colourful flowers blossom in gardens and mountains. the old come outdoors for fresh air and the young plan for outdoor activities. life becomes so energetic and happy.
第一句为本段主题句,末句是总结句。在主题句后,作者用了四个句子阐述自己喜欢春天的理由。
5.比较对照法
有意识地把两种相反、相对的事物或同一事物相反、相对的两个方
面放在一起,用比较的方法加以描述或说明,指出其相同点,这种写法叫作比较;指出其不同点,叫作对照。比较和对照各有不同的侧重,但两种方法经常结合使用。
进行比较对照通常有两种方式。第一种方式采用先a后b的结构,即
a1,a2,a3...;b1,b2,b3...。第二种方式采用ab交错结构,即
a1,b1;a2,b2;a3,b3...。第一种方式采用先a后b的结构实际上是把
一个段落(或一篇文章)分割为两部分,先全面讲a,再全面讲b,这样做
较难收到强烈的对比效果。多数人认为第二种方式比较好,因为把对
比的双方ab逐点交错,可以避免行文的单调沉闷,对比的效果也会更
鲜明突出。例如:
itiseasytobeawinner.awinnercanshowhisjoypublicly.hecanlaug handsinganddanceandcelebratehisvictory.peoplelovetobewith winners.winnersareneverlonely.unlikewinners,losersarethelon elyonesoftheworld.itisdifficulttofacedefeatwithdignity.losersca nnotshowtheirdisappointmentspublicly.theycannotcryorgrieve abouttheirdefeat.theymaysufferprivately,buttheymustbecompo sedinpublic.theyhavenothingtocelebrateandnoonetosharetheir sadness.
这段采用先a后b的对照方式,阐述胜利者和失败者的不同特征。这
种写法较易操作,但行文往往比较平淡单调。再来看看ab交错的比较方式:
ilikehavingatwinsister.whenshe’shappy,i’mhappy.whenshefeel sunhappy,ifeelthesame.often,iknowwhatshe’sgoingtosay.some times,iknowwhatshe’sthinking.ilikewhatshelikes.ihatewhatshe hates.welikethesamemusic,thesamefoodandthesamebooks.
这段采用ab交错的比较方式,阐述孪生姐妹的相同特征。这种写法较流畅自然,给读者的印象也更鲜明突出。
6.过程分析法
thereareseveralstepstoplantatree.first,digaholelargeenoughfort hetree,buttheholeshouldnotbetoodeep.second,putthetreeinthe holesothatitisstraight.third,puttheearthbackintotheholeagain.p ushitdownhardwithyourfootseveraltimes.finally,waterthetreewe ll,asoftenaspossible.
这段分析了植树过程中的几个步骤。全段层次分明,连接词语
(first,second,third,finally)的使用加强了语句的连贯性。
还必须说明的是,在实际写作中,我们很少单独采用上述几种方法中的
某一种。不少段落(或文章)的写作都是综合使用各种不同的写作方法。同时还应明确,在写作中有意识地侧重使用某一种方法是有好处的。
此外,上述这些说明文的写作方法在议论文中也常被采用。如何使用
这些方法,写出一篇好的文章来,还需在平时认真积累,勤加练习。
温馨提醒： 对于英语基础较差的同学，作文可采用背模板的方法应对。 以下模板仅适用于英语书面表达较差，到目前为止看到题目仍然无从下笔的同学。实属考前临时抱佛脚的无奈之举。 基础较好的同学，请按照题目要求与提示正常完成写作。 写作注意事项： 1、无论如何要写够字数80词 2、如果实在无法写出完整的符合语法的句子，可以按题目提示的中文顺序罗列你所知道的 英文单词 3、一时想不起如何拼写的英文单词，可以到阅读理解等题目中查找。 万能模板1：（适用所有作文类型） The topic of 此处抄写作文题目is becoming more and more popular recently. It is my thinking about this topic below. This First point is very important. 此处翻译题目的中文提示1（如果实在不会写，可抄写阅读理解中的句子两到三个凑数，如能做适当修改更好） This Second point is important, too. 此处翻译题目的中文提示2（如果实在不会写，可抄写阅读理解中的句子两到三个凑数，如能做适当修改更好） So I believe that we should pay more and more attention to this topic from now on. 万能模板2：（适用所有作文类型） I think it is very important to understand 此处抄写作文题目. Why? That’s because many people don’t understand it well enough nowadays. For one thing, 此处翻译题目的中文提示1（如果实在不会写，可抄写阅读理解中的意义有关联的句子两到三个凑数，如能做适当修改更好） For another, 此处翻译题目的中文提示2（如果实在不会写，可抄写阅读理解中的意义有关联的句子两到三个凑数，如能做适当修改更好） It is my point of view about此处抄写作文题目above. Let’s pay more and more attention to this together from now on. 万能模板3：（适用所有作文类型） I think此处抄写作文题目is an interesting topic. Many people around me are talking about this. In my opinion, we should understand 此处抄写作文题目like this. First, 此处翻译题目的中文提示1（如果实在不会写，可抄写阅读理解中的意义有关联的句子两到三个凑数，如能做适当修改更好） Second, 此处翻译题目的中文提示2（如果实在不会写，可抄写阅读理解中的意义有关联的句子两到三个凑数，如能做适当修改更好） In conclusion, let’s pay more and more attention to this together from now on. 万能模板4：（适用信件类作文） Dear **,
英语说明文写作课教案
英语说明文写作课教案 【篇一：高三英语写作课教学设计】 高三英语写作课教学设计 （时间:2009-3-11 15:04:26 ） 一、教学目标 知识目标：1、明确高考书面表达的要求，学会在规定时间内完成审题、确定文体、抓住要点、组织语言、书写修改等一系列工作。 2、学会内容表达的完整性、行文的连贯性、遣词造句的准确性。能力目标：提高学生写作水平和综合运用英语的能力。 二、教学辅助：多媒体 三、教学过程： （一）lead-in 导入的任务是唤起注意，酝酿情绪，带入特定的语言交际场。在教师的指导下进行回答问题，小组讨论。 1、要求学生回答下列问题： what is pocket money? do you have pocket money? 2、四人小组讨论下列题目： how do we deal with our pocket money? 通过以上提问，让学生尽快进入角色，对如何使用零花钱，说出自己的看法。让学生分小组活动，四人一组，教师巡视，需要时给予帮助，并参与学生的讨论。引导学生扩大词汇量和英语惯用法，指导他
们掌握英语基本句型，尤其是五个基本句型和动词句型。然后，选出某一小组的代表向全班汇报他们小组讨论的内容，再请1—2位学生发表他们的观点。 3、将“how to use our pocket money?” 写在黑板中的上方。向学生布置接下来的任务：today we are going to discuss how to write a report on “how to use pocket money for high school student?” （二）presentation 指导学生分析写作材料，找出所有内容要点，已有材料，掌握事实。用大屏幕展示写作材料： 书面表达（满分25分）（nmet2004天津卷） 假设你班将举行一次英语班会，主题为“中学生应如何使用家长给的零花钱”。请你根据提示写一篇发言稿。 使用方式好处 存入银行养成节约的习惯 购买书籍获取知识 其他培养兴趣（音乐、体育、集邮等） 注意：1、词数：100左右； 2、考词汇：零用钱——pocket money dear friends,_______________________________________________ ________________ ______________________________________________________ _______________ ______________________________________________________
英语说明文的写作方法 英语说明文的写作方法 说明文是介绍、说明客观事物的一种文体，它以“说明”为主要表达方式，用来说明情况。它通过介绍情况、说明事物的特征，给 人以正确思想或科学知识。说明文主要说明或解释某种事物的形态、性状、本质、特征、成因、用途、结构、工作原理等，或提供背景 知识和指导。它只是客观地介绍、解释事物，使读者获得知识和信息，并不需要发表主张、作出证明。因此写作的态度应是客观的、 冷静的，不能带有主观随意性。一般说来，知识简介、商品介绍、 游览手册、科技读物、工作总结、试验报告、教材辅导等，都属于 说明文之列。 说明文的`段落往往以一个主题句开头，提出文章想要阐述、说 明的主要内容，接下来就是对文章的主题进行展开说明。在英语说 明文的写作中，展开文章主题的常见方法有以下几种： (1)罗列法 在文章一开始就提出需要说明的东西和观点之后，常用first，second，third，…andfinally这些表示顺序的词对需说明的事物 或观点加以罗列说明和阐述。罗列法广泛应用于各类指导性的说明 文中。 (2)分类法 这是将写作对象分门别类后进行说明的方法。分类必须遵守分类规则，使分类对象具有统一属性，依据同一分类标准，使分类的子 项相互排斥，而不相互包藏。 (3)举例法
这是用具体的例子说明人或事物的特征、本质及其规律的方法。所用例子必须具有代表性、典型性，能体现人或事物的本质特征。通常在主题句后用forexample，forinstance等引出具体例子。 (4)定义法 这是英语说明文常用的一种写作手法。这种手法主要用于对具体事物的概念进行说明或对某一物体的功能下定义。它既能揭示人或事物的本质特征，同时也能确定说明的范围和界限。 (5)过程分析法 过程分析就是把事物发展过程分为若干步骤，然后逐一加以分析说明。这种写法在说明文中使用得相当广泛。 (6)比较法 有意识地把两种相反、相对的事物或某一事物的两个方面放在一起，用比较的方法加以描述或说明，指出其相同点或不同点。
高考英语指导写作专题：图表说明文 一，图表说明 1，分类：数字表、函数关系图、曲线图(graph)；表格(table)；几何图形(figure)；图形表、饼状图(pie chart)；条状图、柱状图(bar chart)； 平面图、示意图、外形图(diagram)。 2，一般可分三个层次来写： 按照题目要求描述图表反映的总情况，即概括大意。 对数字进行仔细的比较，抓住特点进行分析、归纳并找出产生变化的原因。 读图表后的想法、结论、评论或针对反映出的问题采取的解决措施。 二．表达方式： 1，常用的描述句型The table/chart/diagram/graph shows that ... According to the table/chart/diagram/graph... As is shown in the table/chart/diagram/graph... As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures... We can see from the figures/statistics... It is clear/ apparent from the figures/statistics... 2．图表中数据(data)的具体表达法 数据(data)在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time 在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time 增加：increase/raise/rise/... 减少：decrease/grow down/drop/fall/decline 稳定：remain stable 3．描写变化的形容词及副词 rapid/rapidly，dramatic/dramatically，significant/significantly，sharp/sharply steep/steeply，steady/steadily，gradual/gradually，slow/slowly，slight/slightly 三、写作模板 As (is) shown/indicated by the figure/in the table/graph/pie chart/chart，_____ has been increased/decreased significantly/steadily from _____ to_____. From the sharp decline/rise in the chart，it goes without saying that_____. There are at least two reasons accounting for / contributing to ____. On the one hand, _____ On the other hand, _____. _____is due to the fact that_____. In addition， _____is responsible for_____. Maybe there are other reasons to show. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing/persuasive. As far as I am concerned，I hold the view that_____. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded. 四，作文范例 1，最近你校对中学生的消费情况进行了调查。请根据调查表提供的信息写一篇英语短文，简要介绍调查结果并谈谈你对中学生消费的看法。
作文范文 请以“How should parents help their children to be independent?”为题，按照以下要点写作： 1. 目前很多父母为子女包办一切 2. 其实父母应该。。。。。。 In recent years, the vast majority of Chinese parents tend to …… And most children …… According to a survey, of all the parents interviewed, over 80% ……and more than 85% ….. However, kids cannot depend on their parents forever because …… Besides, being independent …… Therefore, parents need to realize the importance of helping their children to be independent. Parents should encourage their children to …… By doing so, parents …… In addition, parents should urge their kids to …… For example, …… 范文 In recent years, the vast majority of Chinese parents tend to make arrangements and decisions for their children. And most children take such excessive attention for granted and depend on their parents for almost everything. According to a survey, of all the parents interviewed, over 80% still accompany their children to schools, even to examinations, and more than 85% do housework for their kids including cooking
英语说明文的写作方法 1.罗列法（listing） 在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点，然后常用first，second，…and finally加以罗列说明。罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明文之中。 罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落，我们可以注意模仿学习 There are several good reasons why we should learn a foreign language. First of all，…Secondly，…And finally，… We should try our best to plant more trees for several good reasons First of all，…Secondly，…And finally，必须指出的是，有时罗列法并不一定有明确的first，second…等词，但文章还是以罗列论据展开的。 2.举例法（examples） 举例法是用具体的例子来说明我们要表达的意思，常用for example，for instance，still another example is…等词语引出 举例法和罗列法有时可以结合使用：即用罗列法来列出例子，用例子充实罗列的说明。 3.比较法（comparison and contrast） 比较法是对两个对象进行比较，从而进行说明的写作手法。比较法又可细分为比较相同点（comparison）和比较不同点（contrast）两种方法 在比较相同点的时候，常用到similarly，also，too，in the same case，in spite of the difference等这样的词语。however，on the other hand，in contrast，but，nevertheless等表示转折的词语常用来引导对不同点的比较。 4.定义法（definition） 定义法也是英语说明文中常用的写作手法，特别是在对具体事物概念进行说明时经常使用。定义法的基本要素是定义句。英语中常见定义句的模式是 被定义对象is所属类别+限制性定语比如 A bat is a small mouse-like animal that flies at night and feeds on（以…为食品）fruit and insects but is not a bird. 5.顺序法（sequence of time，space and process） 顺序法是指按时间、空间或过程的顺序进行说明的一种写作手法。比如按照时间顺序介绍一个科学家的生平，用空间顺序阐述逐渐开发西部的重要意义，用过程顺序法解释葡萄酒的生产过程等等。 6.分类法（classification）分类法是将写作对象进行分类说明的一种写作手法 Some books are to be tasted，others to be swallowed，and some few to be chewed and digested， that is，some books are to be read only in parts，others to be read，but not curiously，and some f ew to be read wholly，and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy， and extracts made of them by others；but that would be only in the less important arguments， and the meaner sort of books…
写作指导(7) 说明文 1．说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，用简洁明了的语言来解说事物、阐明事理，从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。 2．在高考书面表达中，其主要命题形式为图表式作文，有时也以图画式和提纲式作文来呈现写作材料。 3．它要求语言要简明扼要，通俗易懂，说明过程讲究层次性和条理性。 4．这种文体通常用第三人称，时态以一般现在时为主。 根据以下图画，写一篇英语短文，描述今昔通讯方式的变化，以及这些变化给人们生活带来的影响。
注意：1.词数：100左右； 2．参考词汇：通讯communicate (with sb.)vi.，communication n．；互联网the Internet n．。 案例分析⊙ 从材料的呈现方式(两幅图对比)及材料所提出的要求“描述变化及影响”可知，本文应该用说明文体来写作。时态的把握是本文的一大难点，一般情况下，说明文应用一般现在时，但本文描述的是今昔通讯方式的变化，所以在描写过去通讯方式的时候要用一般过去时，例如：In the past，people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone及 It used__to__take several days to hear from each other.在描写过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响时，谓语动词要用现在完成时，例如本文的起始句可用“Great changes have__taken__place in the
way of communication in people’s life in recent years”及讲述影响的过渡句“With these changes，people’s pace of life has__been__quickened__and people’s work has__been__made more efficient ”。相对来说，本文用第三人称容易把握。 Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in people’s life in recent years. In the past，people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone.But now almost everyone has his own mobile phone.People can communicate with each other almost at any place and at any time.What’s more，people have easy access to the Internet，which enables them to send and receive emails whenever they like.With these changes，people’s pace of life has been quickened and people’s work has been made more efficient.It used to take several days to hear from each other，but now it takes only
2020年高考英语说明文写作 1.阅读下面的短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的概要。 In 1878, when Margaret Wolfe Hungerford wrote “Beauty is in the eye of the beholder”, she was stating that there was no consistent（never changing）view on beauty. Standards of beauty change across time and cultural groups. Traditions and fashions, like society itself, change and adapt with time. So it is reasonable that our ideas of beauty change as well. In 19th-century Europe, women used to wear corsets to achieve a body shape that is no longer considered healthy. Men would wear woolen shawls across their shoulders. It is hard to imagine that they would be seen as attractive in the 21st century. Nowadays, in the western world, one in every ten people has a tattoos or a form of body art. In the past, some cultures used tattoos as an addition to costumes, to show family associations or to mark criminals so that they could easily be recognized. In contemporary society, culture remains a major part in determining our ideas of beauty. In some countries, young women follow slimming diets to lose extra kilos in preparation for their wedding day. In other cultures, looking thin for a husband-to-be is not what a woman desires at all—rather, looking a little overweight is considered more attractive. With the influence of history, society and culture, there are no precise criteria which can be used to judge what is beautiful. Life long commitment and, indeed, the survival of society itself rely on people seeing beauty in difference and depth. The human race would soon die out if we could only see beauty within a set of limited criteria. Physical beauty must also be accompanied by an attraction to something deeper within a person. This particular kind of attraction is found in a wide range of personal qualities, e.g. kindness, warmth, a healthy conscience, etc. judging the appeal of a person's inner beauty is much more subjective. It takes more than a casual glance to appreciate and it is much more important than physical beauty. Beauty, therefore, has more than one dimension. We are influenced by our culture, our biology and our time in history to notice physical beauty quickly and easily, but it is inner beauty that requires us to truly see. Beauty is certainly in the eye of the beholder. 2.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Fisherman Salvador was just trying to make a living on the sea with fellow fisherman Cordoba. Two days into the journey, disaster struck, and the two men would begin the greatest challenge of their lives. The boat was loaded with tons of provisions, including 70 gallons of gasoline, 16 gallons of water, 50 Ibs of sar - dines for bait(鱼饵). They also had a mobile phone, kept safe in a plastic bag, a GPS, and a two-way radio. The two had never spoken before or worked together, but they liked fishing and both of them seemed to know what they were doing. Two days later, the weather was getting worse and worse. Salvador was trying to remain calm, but Cordoba was not prepared. He held on to the rail(围栏) for dear life as the waves crashed around them, vomiting(呕吐）and crying. When the storm finally passed, Salvador noticed that they had drifted far away from land. To make matters worse, the motor had stopped working. Salvador called his boss on the radio, but there was no response. Even worse was the fact that the GPS they has brought with them had stopped working.
大学英语作文万能模板 （一）段首句 1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。 Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides，______. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，…… People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious. 8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。 ______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
1. 成功的四个步骤 Four Steps to a Successful Four Steps to a Successful The first time in life? Then grasp your chance with your perfect performance on the dating night, by learning the following principle in heart. Dress properly. While everyone wants to give an impressive debut on the first date, you should avoid wearing something too bizarre to be accepted. If you are still in school, a sportswear can fulfill your purpose. For businessman or grownups, casual clothes are recommended. Never put up your working uniforms,no matter how well you like that Armani suit. It is no work. A few accessories such as a pair of sunglasses or silver loops on the wrist can add up to the romance sphere. Take a bath before dating. And if you like, spray a little perfume, but unless you're sure that he or she likes the smell,don't use ones that are too strong. Watch your manner. You're no prince of the Scotland nor Cinderella in the legend. Proper manners will ensure a lasting relationship while bad ones scare away your sweetheart. And do make sure you do not boast about your fortune, for, not everyone are green addicts. And your way of smiling, or your greatestoath, should neither be "coy" nor "by St. Loy!" after the nun in Chaucer. Be a little sensitive than merely innocent. Do make sure you do not intrude his or her privacy on the first date. For there maybe something deeply concealed within the inner core of every heart, of which the owner doesn't share often with anyone but his intimacy. Finally, wish you good luck. May you get your hearts combined and start a new journey in the miracle of life and love. Stay tuned till a borderline is reached, and keep on through out the whole way. 简评 看来第一次约会真是令人兴奋并紧张期待的。为第一次约会所提出的建议也是仁者见仁、智者见智。王永同学用词简单、结构精炼，读起来节奏快，例如：“Dress Properly....If you are still in school，a sportswear can fulfill your purpose.For businessman Orgrowmups，casual clothes are recommended.”这样的文章结构像是在提醒我们时不我待，要抓住机会，抓紧时间。 2. 我的宿舍生活My Dormitory Life
分类法 分类就是按照事物的不同特点将它们划成多个类别。事物可以按照不同的标准进行分类，标准则取决于分类的成因。例如，在分析某系学生的构成情况时，如果想了解他们的学习情况，可以将他们根据考试成绩划分为若干组；如果想研究是否有可能组织一场足球比赛或是篮球比赛，可以根据对足球和篮球的爱好程度把学生划分成若干组。 不管分类的目的是什么，分类的标准必须具有普适性和排他性，也就是说分类标准必须覆盖分类样本集中的所有样本元素，而且样本集中的任一元素只能隶属于分类标准项次中的唯一一项。例如，把学生分成男生、女生和运动员是不合适的，这一标准违反了排他性原则，因为某个学生可能是男生的同时又是运动员，他占据了两个分类项次。再如，把学生分成中学生和大学生在有些情况下也不一定合适，该标准违反了普适性原则，即有些学生既不是中学生也不是大学生（如小学生）。 表示分类的名词： 种：kind, sort, type 类：group, classification, category 组成成员：member 分部/分支：division/branch 纲：class 目：order 科：family 属：genus 种：species 表示分类的动词和动词短语： 将……按……分类（排序）：class, classify, divide, categorize, group, place, arrange 属于某一类：belong to, fall into, be classed with 包括若干类：there be, contain, consist of, comprise, include, be composed of, be comprised of 组成……类：make up, constitute, compose E x e r c i s e s 1. Read the following passages and discuss whether they follow the classification criterion of exclusiveness and inclusiveness. Passage 1:
2012高考英语写作系列事物说明说明文 事物说明（说明文） 优秀范文 The Chinese People’s Dream中国人的梦想 The Chinese people have been dreaming of going into space for a long time. In the years 1999 to 2002 China launched three unmanned spacecrafts successfully. On Dec. 31th, 2002, the launch of the fourth spacecraft “Shenzhou Ⅴ” was another big success and the spacecraft returned to the earth safe on January 5th, 2003. During its flight, seven scientific experiments were carried out. The purpose of the flight is to make preparations for the launch of a manned spacecraft next time. The successful launch and return shows that China is able to send a person into space soon. In 2003, the first manned spacecraft is expected to be sent into space. By then the Chinese dream has come true. have been dreaming of going into space. 一直梦想进入太空。 unmanned spacecraft 无人驾驶飞船 during its flight 在飞行期间 carry out 开展，进行make preparations for 为……作准备 be able to send a person into space 有能力载人进入太空 by then 到那时 Mobile Phones 手机 Great changes have been taking place in the ownership of mobile phones in China. At the end of 2002, there were 20 million mobile phone users. By the year 2005, the number will reach up to 30 million.
英语说明文的写作方法 就说明对象而言，英语说明文可分为对客观具体事物的说明和对主观抽象观念的说明两大类，比如：对（激光）、（计算机年问题）等等的说明都是对客观或者具体事物的说明，而（谈成功的面试）、（如何才能写好英语作文）等是对主观抽象观念的说明。 对我们中学生朋友来说，在汉语说明文的教学中似乎比较侧重前者，即解释客观具体事物的说明文。 但在英语说明文中，阐述和说明主观抽象观念的说明文占了很大的比重，其中有些类似汉语中的议论文。 但是无论是对客观具体事物的说明还是对主观抽象观念的阐述，英语说明文从结构上看大致可分为三个部分：第一部分一般是文章的第一段，提出文章的主题，也就是说，文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容；第二部分是文章的主体，可由若干个段落组成，对文章的主题进行展开说明；第三部分是结尾段，对文章的主题作归纳总结。 从英语说明文的结构可以看出，要写好英语说明文的关键在于第二部分如何对文章主题进行展开说明。 在英语中，常见的用来展开文章主题的方法有下列几种：罗列法（）在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点，然后常用，，…加以罗列说明。 罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明文之中，下面这篇学生作文就是用罗列法写成的：（早起），（健康）。
，（做早操）。 ，，，（使能够），，，，，，罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落，我们可以注意模仿学习：，…，…，…，…，…，必须指出的是，有时罗列法并不一定有明确的，…等词，但文章还是以罗列论据展开的。 举例法（）举例法是用具体的例子来说明我们要表达的意思，常用，，…等词语引出。 下面这篇学生作文就是用举例法写成的：（娱乐）。 ，，（有活力的），，，，，-，，，，，-，（肌肉）（体力活）（采纳），，（轻松），-可以看出，举例法和罗列法有时可以结合使用：即用罗列法来列出例子，用例子充实罗列的说明。 比较法（）比较法是对两个对象进行比较，从而进行说明的写作手法。 比较法又可细分为比较相同点（）和比较不同点（）两种方法，比如：（长度），（结构）。 ，（主题句），（主题所在），，（引导的），（结束句）——，，——，，（例外），（说明文的）可以看出，在比较相同点的时候，常用到，，，，等这样的词语。 ，，，，，，（）。 ，（位置），（拉长的）（接触），-，，（顶），，'（对手）（区别）这是一篇用比较不同点的手法写的说明文。 从文章中可以看出：，，，，等表示转折的词语常用来引导对不同点