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人教版八年级英语考试练习题(附答案及语法讲解)

人教版八年级英语考试练习题(附答案及语法讲解)
人教版八年级英语考试练习题(附答案及语法讲解)

人教版八年级英语考试练习题(附答案及语法讲解)

重点单词复习

◆形容词

1. 外向的_____________

2. 辛勤的_____________

3. 极好的_____________

4. 严肃的_____________

5. 必需的_____________

6. 类似的_____________

7. 有才能的_____________

8. 响亮的;大声的_____________

9. 舒适的_____________

10. 接近_____________

11. 新鲜的_____________

12. 有创造力的_____________

13. 贫穷的_____________

14. 拥挤的_____________

15. 有教育意义的_____________

16. 毫无意义的_____________

17. 富有的_____________

18. 获得成功的_____________

19. 主要的_____________

20. 不幸的_____________

21. 著名的;出名的_____________

【答案】

1. outgoing

2. hard-working

3. fantastic

4.serious

5. necessary

6. similar

7. talented 8.loud 9. comfortable

10. close 11. fresh 12.creative

13. poor 14. crowded 15. educational

16.meaningless 17. rich 18. successful

19. main 20.unlucky 21. famous

【知识拓展】

1. famous

famous著名的,出名的。be famous for, 因为.........而出名,后接闻名的原因,与be well-known for 同义。This place is famous for its cotton. 这个地方以出产棉花而出名。

be famous as, 作为.........而闻名,后接表示职位、名称等的词,与be

well-known as 同义.

Jet Li is famous as a actor in the world.

李连杰是世界上著名的演员。

be famous to, 为.......所熟知,后接某部分人。

This singer is famous to lots of old people.

许多老人都熟知这位歌手。

【典例分析】

Sanya is famous______ its beautiful beaches.

A. of

B.for

C. as

D. out

【答案】B

2. successful

successful adj.成功的,有成就的例句:

He is a successful manager.

他是一位成功的经理。

They are highly successful in business.

他们经商非常成功。

【拓展】

(1)success 不可数名词,成功

可数名词,成功的人或事

Last week's talent show was a great success. 上周的才艺表演非常成功。

(2)succeed vi.成功

succeed in doing sth.

做某事取得成功

China has succeeded in holding the 2008 Olympic.

中国成功举办2008年奥运会。

(3)successfully adv.成功地

They finished building the bridge successfully.他们成功地建成了那座大桥。【典例分析】

Please tell me which colorcan bring you _____.

A. success

B. successful

C.succeed

D. successfully

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:请告诉我那种颜色能给你带来成功。bring sb sth,带给某人某物,A. success 名词,成功;B.successful形容词,成功的;C.succeed成功,动词;D.successfully副词,成功地。根据句意及结构,故选A。

3. close

close做形容词,意为“接近的”,指时间或者空间上接近,常用短语be close to 意为“离……近”,最高级为closest.

close做动词,读音和形容词不同,意为“关上”,反义词是open.

close为副词,意为“接近,靠近”,动词+close to ,sit close to 坐的离……近。

【典例分析】

The store is the __________ to my home. I often do shopping in it.

A. Near

B.closest

C.farthest

D.closes

【答案】B

4. 形容词构词法。

观察下列单词meaningless, wonderful, relaxing, enjoyable,educational会发现:meaning+less=meaningless,

wonder+ful=wonderful,

relax+ing=relaxing,

enjoy+able=enjoyable,

education+al=educational

在以后的阅读中如果再遇到一个名词后加了这些后缀,就可以判断这是一个形容词。

【典例分析】

—Do you like this movie?

—Yes. I think it’s a very movie.

A. expensive

B. successful

C. boring

D. meaningless

【答案】B

【解析】句意:-你喜欢这部电影吗?-是的。我认为这是一部非常成功的电影。expensive 昂贵的;successful成功的;boring无聊的;meaningless无意义的。根据语境可知该选B。

◆副词

1. 大声地_____________

2. 安静地_____________[

3. 清楚地_____________

4. 真正_____________

5. 便宜地_____________

6. 细致地_____________

7. 舒服地_____________

8. 漂亮地_____________

9. 严肃地_____________

【答案】

1. loudly

2. quietly

3. clearly

4. truly

5. cheaply

6. carefully

7. comfortably

8. beautifully

9. seriously

【知识拓展】

1. 方式副词与形容词

1. 方式副词表示动词的行为方式,许多以-ly结构的副词都是方式副词,如carefully,happily, quietly, heavily, warmly, correctly, politely, angrily 等。方式副词通常位于动词(及其宾语)之后:

He read the letterslowly.

他从容不迫地看了那封信。

2. 形容词主要用在系动词或者半系动词后,说明主语的特征,或者用在名词前,修饰名词。在修饰不定代词时往往放在不定代词的后面。

3. 形容词变副词的规律:

1)在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really; helpful-helpfully;

careful-carefully;hopeful-hopefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly;

quiet-quietly

2)以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。

如:busy-busily;angry-angrily; easy-easily

3)某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如:terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently

另外,还有一类副词和形容词词义相同,但拼写却不同,如well和good。

例句He speaks good English.

他讲一口流利的英语。

He speaks English well.

他英语讲得不错。

需注意: friendly;motherly; lovely等词是形容词而非副词。

【典例分析】

Jim is very_____ because he doesn’t like exercise.

A.health

B.healthy

C.healthily

D.unhealthy.

【答案】D

2. carefully

carefully 细致地,仔细地,认真地。副词,经常用来修饰动词。careful,仔细的,认真的。形容词,经常用作表语,或修饰名词作定语。

【典例分析】

He is a ___________ student,and he always listens to the teachers

___________.

A. careful; careful

B. careful; carefully

C. carefully; carefully

D. carefully; careful

【答案】B

【解析】句意:他是一个认真的学生,并且他总是认真听老师讲课。Carefully 认真地,副词,用来修饰动词; careful认真的,形容词,做表语或修饰名词。第一个空修饰名词,第二个修饰动词听的方式,结合句意及结构,故选B。

◆动词

1. 获胜_____________

2. 伸手;到达_____________

3. 损坏_____________

4. 感动;触摸_____________

5. 笑;发笑_____________

6. 分享_____________

7. 选择_____________

8. 扮演_____________

9. 给_____________

10. 打算;计划_____________

11. 希望_____________

12. 忍受_____________

13. 发生_____________

14. 预料;期待_____________

15. 出现_____________

16. 变成_____________

17. 丢失_____________

【答案】

1. win

2. reach

3. break

4. touch

5. laugh

6. share

7. choose

8. act

9. give 10. plan11.hope 12. stand 13. happen 14. expect15.appear 16. become 17. lose

【知识拓展】

1.win /beat 辨析

Win 意为“赢,获胜”通常和“game,war,match,prize等之类的名词作宾语,即Win sth。win也可以做不及物动词,

例如:Who won?谁赢了?

beat意为“击败;胜过,后跟表示与之比赛、战斗的人或代表群体的名词(即对手),即beat sb.

【典例分析】

He always ____ the match when we play ping-pong.

A .beat

B .win C. beats D .wins

【答案】D

2. hope用法小结

hope意为“希望”,后加动词不定式或者从句,没有hope sb to do sth,这种结果。wish意为“希望祝愿”,后接动词不定式或者不定式的复合结果,还可以加双宾语,在接that从句时,经常用虚拟语气。

【典例分析】

They _________ the Palace Museum next week.

A. hope me to visit

B. hope visit

C. hope themselves to visit

D. hope to visit

【答案】D

【解析】:hope to do表示希望去做某事;句意:下周他们希望去参观颐和园。结合句意,故选D

3. arrive, reach, get to辨析

arrive、reach、get to都可以表示“到达”的意思,区别如下:

1.arrive是不及物动词,不可接宾语,但可接here, there, home之类的表地点的副词作状语。如:

We arrived here last night.

我们昨晚到达这儿。

arrive要表示“到达某地”,其后需适当借助介词。通常接介词at (一般用于较小的地方)或in (一般用于较大的地方).

如: We arrived at the station five minutes late.

我们到车站晚了5分钟。

They will arrive in Paris next Monday.

他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎。

2.get to “到达”,后面直接加地点。如:

When we got to the park,it began to rain.

我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了。

但是如果其后是here, there, home之类的表点副词就要省略to。如:

We got there on time.

我们按时达到的那里。

3.reach通常是及物动词(较get更正式),其后直接跟地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)。如: He reached Beijing yesterday.

他昨天到达北京。

※reach 之后也可接here,there,home 等词。如:

When did he reach home yesterday?

昨天他什么时候到家?

【典例分析】

What time did the police ______?

A. get to

B. arrive in

C. arrive

D. get

【答案】C

【解析】句意:警察什么时间到达?get to,arrive in后加达到的地点,由于“达到”后面没有地点,而get往往不单独表示达到,故选C。

【典例分析】

—When did she_________?

—She arrived late. When she _________ the theatre, the movie had been on for 30 minutes.

A. arrive; arrived

B. reach; got to

C. arrive; got to

D. arrive at; reach

【答案】C

【解析】句意:她什么时候到?它会晚到。她到剧院的时候,电影已经开演30分钟了。reach,get to和arrive都有“到达”的意思,reach是及物动,词而

arrive是不及物动词,后面接地点时要加上介词。arrive at“到达小地点”,arrivein“到达大地点”。故选C。

◆代词

1. 两者都_________

2. 哪一个,哪一些_________

3.每人,人人_________

【答案】

1. both

2. which

3. everybody

【知识拓展】

1. both

both两者的,双方的,修饰名词时放在the, these或my等词之前。

词义辨析: all/both

all: 三者或三者以上都,与none和no one是反义词,指代或修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。both:两者都,与neither 是反义词,只能指代或修饰可数名词复数。

【典例分析】

--- Do you like the story Journey to the West or Nu Wa Repairs the Sky?

---_________. I don’t like this kind of stories.

A.Both

B. Either

C.Neither

D. All

【答案】C

2. which

which,形容词或者代词,意为:哪一个,哪一些。

特殊疑问词汇总:

which,哪一个What 什么;How 怎么样;Why 为什么;When什么时间;who,谁。

【典例分析】

—do you feel when you leave your mum and dad?

—I feel a bit sad.

A.What

B.How

C.Which

D. When

【答案】B

【解析】句意:-当你离开你的爸爸妈妈时你感觉怎么样?-我感到有点悲伤。A. What 什么;B.How 怎么样;C.Which哪一个;D. When什么时间。根据回答,故选B。

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