当前位置:文档之家› 高考名词练习题及答案详解题库

高考名词练习题及答案详解题库

高考名词练习题及答案详解题库
高考名词练习题及答案详解题库

高考名词练习题及答案详解题库

一、单项选择名词

1.—It is reported that Fan Bingbing broke the law of tax.

—Well, the ________ for her is so heavy that it is a warning to high-incomers.

A.reward B.fare C.fine D.charge

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:——据报道,范冰冰触犯了税法。——嗯,对她的罚款很重,这对高收入的人来说是个警告。A. reward报酬;B. fare公共交通费;C. fine罚款;D. charge费用。上一句说范冰冰触犯了税法,因此此处是说对她的处罚(罚款),故C项正确。

2.The success of her book has given her high social .

A.status B.sculpture

C.approval D.figure

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:她的书的成功给了她很高的社会地位。A. status地位;B. sculpture 雕塑;C. approval批准;D. figure数字,根据题意,故选A。

3.He was so nervous during the test. No ______ he didn’t pass the exam.

A.way B.surprise

C.wonder D.matter

【答案】C

【解析】词义辨析。No way没门,没办法,根本不行;No wonder难怪;No matter不管什么。他考试时太紧张了。难怪他没有通过考试。选C。

4.On how to improve our spoken English, Mr. Smith has given us ______.

A.many good advices B.a number of advice

C.much advice D.some advices

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查不可数名词的用法。句意:关于如何提高我们的英语口语,史密斯先生给了我们很多建议。advice为不可数名词,需要使用much或者a lot of来修饰;A项中many修饰可数名词;B项a number of修饰可数名词复数;D项advices错误,故选C。

5.We can’t make out his ______ of the article because there are too many technical terms in it. A.fiction B.abstract

C.claim D.principle

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:我们不能弄清楚他这篇文章的摘要,因为里面有太多的术语。A. fiction虚构类文学作品;B. abstract摘要;C. claim声称;D. principle原则。由“ article ”可知,abstract“摘要”符合句意。故B选项正确。

6.—You’ve taken the lead in the test again. Can you share your ______ for success with us?— Remember, the early bird catches the worm.

A.bonus B.recipe

C.glory D.fancy

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:——你又在考试中领先了。你能和我们分享一下你成功的秘诀吗?——记住,早起的鸟儿有虫吃。A. bonus奖金;红利;B. recipe食谱;秘诀;C. glory光荣;荣誉;D. fancy幻想;想象力。根据句意故选B。

7.—$300, and that’s my last offer.

—OK. It is a ________.

A.charge B.price

C.cost D.deal

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:——300美元,这是我最后的报价。——好的,成交。A. charge 要价;B. price价格;C. cost花费,费用;D. deal交易。It is a deal.意为“成交”,是固定表达。故选D项。

8.-- Do you agree friends you spend time with will change your life in one way or another?

-- Couldn't agree more. Hopefully our students can show great ________ in their choices of friends.

A.accommodation B.discrimination

C.reputation D.distinction

【答案】B

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你同意和你在一起的朋友会以这样或那样的方式改变你的生活吗?——完全同意,希望我们的学生在选择朋友方面表现出很强的鉴别能力。A. accommodation住处;B. discrimination鉴别力;C. reputation名誉;D. distinction区别。根据“their choices of friends”可知此处表示“鉴别力”,故B项正确。

9.In the book, the author describes how Iran has long sought an with America. A.acceleration B.accomplishment

C.accumulation D.accommodation

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:这本书里,作者描述了伊朗如何长期与美国寻求和解。A. acceleration加速,促进;B. accomplishment成就,完成;C. accumulation积聚,累积;D. accommodation和解,膳宿。根据句意,故选D。

10.They celebrate their wedding ________ every year.

A.advantage B.aim C.amount D.anniversary

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们每年都庆祝结婚纪念日。A. advantage优势;B. aim目的;

C. amount数量;

D. anniversary周年纪念日。根据“They celebrate their wedding”可知,此处表示“结婚纪念日”,故D项正确。

11.I have a deep ________ for the city where I spent my childhood.

A.admission B.addition C.affection D.adaptation

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:我对我度过童年的城市有着深厚的感情。A. admission承认;B. addition添加;C. affection感情;D. adaptation适应。have a(n)…affection for表示“对某人/物有着……样的感情”,故C项正确。

12.The two sides have finally reached a(n) _______ , though some small differences(分歧) still exist(存在).

A.announcement B.agreement C.amazement D.achievement

【答案】B

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管仍存在一些小分歧,但双方最终达成了一致。A. announcement宣告;B. agreement一致;C. amazement惊愕;D. achievement成就。根据“though some small differences(分歧) still exist”可推知,此处表示“达成一致”,故B项正确。

13.The knowledge and skills the trainees have learned can help them make a clear _____ between what is right and wrong.

A.distance B.distinction C.donation D.defense

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。A. distance距离;B. distinction 区别,差别;C. donation 捐款;D. defense防卫,防护。句意:受训者所学到的知识和技能可以帮助他们区分对错。故选B。

14.With the help of the English teacher, he has made in his English writing.

A.a great progress B.much progress

C.little progress D.many progresses

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查不可数名词。句意:在英语老师的帮助下,他的英语写作取得了很大的进步。此处progress“进步”,是不可数名词,所以A/D不正确,再结合句意可知B项符合题意。

15.There is a general _____________ among teachers about the need for greater security in schools.

A.commitment B.composition C.calculation D.consensus

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意:教师们普遍认为有必要加强学校的安全。A. commitment承诺,保证;B. composition作文;C. calculation计算,估计;D. consensus一致,舆论。根据among teachers about the need for greater security in schools可知,这是普遍的“舆论”。故选D。

16._________ Services at Harvard University offers support to disabled students in finding an ideal place to live in.

A.Labor B.Concept

C.Ceremony D.Accommodation

【答案】D

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:哈佛大学的住宿服务为残疾学生提供了寻找理想居住地的支持。A. Labor劳动;B. Concept观念;C. Ceremony典礼;D. Accommodation住宿,根据题意,故选D。

17.Most of his works didn’t gain the international ________ they deserved until his death. A.reputation B.impression C.recognition D.measure

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:直到他去世,他的大部分作品都没有得到应有的国际认可。A. reputation名誉,名声;B. impression印象;C. recognition承认,识别;D. measure测量。结合句意故选C。

18.It makes no ______ to me whether he will go to the city or not. Anyhow, I will go.

A.thing B.difference C.matter D.affair

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他去不去城里对我来说没什么影响。不管怎样,我都会去。A. thing事物; B. difference不同; C. matter事情,问题; D. affair事件,事务。

make no difference to对…无影响,符合句意,故选B。

19.He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ___ was seen at its best when he worked with others.

A.aspect B.appearance C.talent D.character

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:他证明了自己是一个真正的绅士,当他和别人一起工作时,他的性格之美达到了极致。A. aspect方面;B. appearance外貌;C. talent才华,天才;D. character 性格,品质。根据句中a true gentleman 和when he worked with others.可判断绅士在工作时表现出的是性格品质,而不是外表或才华,故选D。

20.I can’t stay out overnight without my parents’ _______.

A.reputation B.prejudice C.presentation D.approval

【答案】D

【解析】

考查名词。句意:未经父母的同意,我不能在外过夜。A. reputation声誉;B. prejudice偏见;C. presentation 授予,介绍;D. approval批准,同意。根据句意,填入approval正确。故选D。

21.Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price.

A.reputation B.campaign C.appetite D.occupation

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:老干妈是中国最好的辣椒酱。该公司通过不断以较低的价格提供高质量的产品而建立了自己的声誉。A. reputation名誉;B. campaign运动;C. appetite胃口;D. occupation职业,占有。由“by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price”可知,reputation“名誉”符合句意。故选A。

22.Children should not see the films full of violent (暴力的) .

A.sights B.views C.signs D.scenes

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:孩子们不应该看充满暴力的电影场景。A. sights景象;B. views风景;看法;C. signs迹象;D. scenes场面;(戏剧的)一场。根据上文“the films full of violent ”可推断,此处指“电影中的场景”。故选D。

【点睛】

scene,view,sight,sign的区别。

1. sight则既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观,又可以指名胜、风景,但表示后者的含义时,习惯上要用复数。如:

The sight was quite amusing. 这景象使人感到有趣。

We saw the sights of Hong Kong by bus. 我们乘公共汽车观看香港的风景。

Mary walked round the town, looking at the sights. 玛丽在城里到处转,逛各处景点。

2. view主要指从某处看到的东西或景象,有时也指“风景”,尤指自然美景(fine natural scenery)。如:

From the window there was a clear view of the mountains. 从窗户往外看是一览无余的群山。The view makes this a good location for a house. 景观使得此处成为建房的好地点。

The view was wonderful. If I’d had a camera, I would have taken some photo—graphs. 风景好极了,要是我带有照相机,我就照几张像了。

3. scene 多指某一特定或具体场面所表示的“景色”、“场景”等,可以是室内的也可以是室外的、可以是城市的也可以是乡村的、可以是活动的也可以是静态的等。如:

There are some pretty scenes in the park. 公园里有几处美丽的景色。

As he entered the room, he was confronted by a scene of disorder. 他进入房间,面对的是一幅乱糟糟的场面。

4. sign 是符号,手势,迹象,指示牌的意思。

Headaches may be a sign of stress.

头痛可能是紧张的迹象。

The sign on the wall said ‘Now wash your hands ’.

墙上的牌子上写着“请洗手”。

23.You’ll find this map of great ________ in helping you to get around in London.

A.value B.effect C.concern D.vision

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析,句意:你将会发现这份地图在助你环游伦敦上的巨大价值。A. value价值,重要性;B. effect影响,效果,作用;C. concern关心,忧虑;D. vision视力,美景,想象力。综合句意,这份地图对于指明旅行方向是有帮助的,对游客而言有“价值”/是很重要的,故选A。

【点睛】

词义辨析的考查,可以很深入,因此单词学习不应浮于表面。本题容易误选B,因为仅凭中文释义,而认为地图在帮助环游伦敦上有“作用”/有“效果”,似乎也说得通。但假如我们查询effect对应的英文释义:1)The effect of one thing on another is the change that the first thing causes in the second thing. 2)The effects in a film are the specially created sounds and scenery. 我们就能发现词义辨析的重要性。实际上,effect在表示“作用,影响”方面,主要用于表达因果关系(cause and consequence),强调一个事物对另一个的影响,且贬义为多;而在effect表示“效果”方面,则以音响、舞台灯光、荧屏效果为主,在本题中显然均不适用。因此,吃透词义十分关键。

24.One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages.

A.mistake B.error C.blame D.fault

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:迪士尼的卡通人物之一唐老鸭总是急着去挑别人的毛病,给各个年龄段的人带来笑声。A. mistake错误;B. error错误;C. blame责备;D. fault缺点、毛病。find fault with sb是固定搭配,表示“挑某人毛病”,故D项正确。

25.Whatever we do, we will make it. As long as we take the ________ we should have to

achieve our goal.

A.sympathy B.technique C.passion D.patience

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:不管我们做什么,我们都会成功的。只要我们有激情,我们就应能实现我们的目标。A. sympathy同情;B. technique技巧;C. passion激情;D. patience 耐心。根据“we should have to achieve our goal.”可知此处强调“拥有实现目标的激情”,故C 项正确。

26.If you want to get a good ___________, you’d better stand on the top of the hill.

A.sight B.scene

C.look D.view

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:如果你想有一个好的视野,你最好站在山顶上。A. sight景象;B. scene场面;C. look样子;D. view视野。习惯用法:get/have a good view“有好的视野或视角”。故选D。

27.The worker was satisfied with his boss because he was offered a good .

A.salary B.price C.service D.reason

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个工人对他的老板很满意,因为他的薪水很高。A. salary薪水;B. price价格;C. service服务;D. reason理由。根据The worker was satisfied with his boss可知,此处指这个工人被提供了一个好的薪水。故选A。

28.Be sure to read the ______ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer. A.instructions B.solution C.descriptions D.message

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:在你使用新电脑前,一定要阅读说明书上的说明。A. instructions指示,说明;B. solution解决方法;C. descriptions描述;D. message信息。结合句意可知,此处用“说明”符合语境,故选A项。

29.The building under _____for stay-at-home children will be completed in March

A.contribution B.construction

C.coincidence D.composition

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析及固定搭配。contribution贡献,捐赠,捐助;construction建造,建筑物; coincidence巧合; 一致;composition作文,作曲。句意: 正在被建的留守儿童楼将于3月竣工。本句说的是建筑物,因此要用建造中。under construction意为“(正在)修建中”,因此选B。

30.This new phone is aimed at young people in the 18- 25 age ______ and in the eye of them, the product can ______ a message to other people that they are well-off.

A.range; deliver B.dimension; convey C.range; convey D.dimension; deliver 【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词和动词辨析。句意:这款新手机针对的是18- 25岁的年轻人,在他们眼中,这款产品可以向其他人传达一个信息,他们很富裕。短语in ...age range“在……年龄范围内”,故第一空应用range,dimension表示“尺寸;体积”;第二空中deliver表示“交付;递送”,convey表示“传达;传输”,结合句意故选C。

相关主题
文本预览
相关文档 最新文档