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专业四级作文辅导

专业四级作文辅导
专业四级作文辅导

(专业四级)作文辅导

2009年TEM试卷

Part VI WRITING [45 MIN] Section A COMPOSITION [35 MIN]

Tourism is a booming business in China. However, some people worry that too much tourists may bring harm to the environment, while others don’t think so. What is your opinion?

Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:

Will Tourism Bring Harm to the Environment?

You are to write in three parts.

In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.

In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instruction may result in a loss of marks.

专四作文要求:根据所给作文题目、提纲、数据等,在35分钟内写200单词的左右的作文,分值15分,要求:切题、完整、条理清楚、结构严谨、语法正确、语言通顺、表达得体。体裁为议论文、说明文(记叙文、描写文基本不考,但不能排除)。

一、分析往届真题,判断作文命题方式

从以上分析可以看出专业四级命题的特点:

1.题材常常涉及到学生生活,如学习、文化、课外活动、文化艺术节等,大众生活如身体健康的方法、心情愉快的重要性和旅游的作用等,一

些社会热点问题和现象(如网络、环境以及科技的负面影响等话题。)2.体裁以说明文和议论文为主,有时会有二者的配合使用。如“保持好心情的重要性”,首先要阐述出几个重要性,属于说明文;然后在分析

为什么要那样做,属于议论文。因此有的作文以说明文为主,有的以

议论文为主。

3.题型

1)比较选择类作文1995,1996,1999,

2)意义、重要性、危害性说明类作文2000,2001,2003,2006,2008,

3)观点论证类作文1997,2002,2004,2007,2009,

4)提出建议、解决问题类作文1998,2005。

二、评分标准

1.专业四级写作阅卷采用整体评分方法:即:阅卷人员根据作文的内容和语言方面的表现给出归档分,然后适当给奖励或扣分。

2.从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。内容和语言是一个统一体,作文应表达题目所规定的内容,而内容要通过语言表达。要

考虑作文是否切题,是否充分表达思想,也要考虑是否用英语清楚

而确切地表达思想,即考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。

3.分数要正确反映学生的实际写作水平,避免分数趋中现象。最好的给满分,最差的记0分。

4.评分时考虑的四个方面:

1) content:作文是否体现主题思想。即要求文章切题(不跑题),

又要达到全文的统一(围绕一个主题)。

2) organization:组织是否合理。合理的结构主要体现在全文条理

清楚,组织连贯和谐,善于使用衔接手段使行文连贯,有逻辑性。

3) grammar:语法文字是否有重大错误。语句合乎英语语法习惯,文

字通顺、语法正确。避免句子片段、主谓不一、词性不对等(作

文的硬伤)。如Lack, like的用法。

4)appropriateness:得体上的要求:兼顾论题、情景和读者的因素,

使用正式、非正式、亲昵或文学性的词汇、句式、时态、语态、

指示方法等。

5)tidiness卷面布局整洁;字体端正清晰、规范大小写、词间空格、

段前缩进、正确使用标点,避免拼写错误、减少涂改。

(注意:字体可以不漂亮,但必须认真清楚;大小错误都扣分;规范要求书写和标点,避免涂改。严格按照字数要求,不要超出和不

足。照抄指令中原句不记入所写作文字数,因此可以解释或改写。)

5. 作文的五个分数档次:

15, 14—12, 11-9, 8-6, 5-3,(2-0)

三、写作步骤:

1.审清指令理解指令是写作考试至关重要的环节,因为指令包

括了对作文主题、发展方式等方面的要求。

2.确立文章的中心思想(文章的要点),必须明确。中心思想由

主题思想句(Thesis statement)来表现。拟订全文的主题思

想句,确保不跑题。可以将考试指令中的关键词,甚至标题加

以灵活应用,扩充为主题思想句。

3.列出写作提纲将主题思想具体化、条理化。提纲(outline)

是文章的框架,可以显现主题发展的脉络。列提纲有助于作者

理清思路,使文章有章可循,有理可依。提纲可以详细可以简

略,可以用短语也可以用句子--(scratch outline, topic

outline, sentence outline)。

4.确定体裁英语作文有四种不同的体裁,各种体裁的写法不同。

从以往的作文可以发现议论文和说明文是考核的重点。但二者

并不泾渭分明,也不排斥。有的以议论为主,有的则以说明为

主。如: Will Phone Kill Letter Writing? 就是议论文—

即对没有定论的观点、现象提出明确的论点,并用论据论证论

点的正确性。如The Importance of Extracurricular

Activities是对已经明确的观点进行阐述。而One Way to

Solve the Pollution就要求提出建议。

5.确定主题句:主题句(topic sentence)是确保段落不跑题的前

提。写主题句最保险的方法就是将考试提示中的关键句,甚至

标题加以灵活应用;也可以直接把它扩充为主题句。

6.安排结构指令对文章的结构有规定:第一段明确观点(简单

导入和主题思想句);第二段提供理由和事例(主题句和有说

服力的细节和事件---一定是具体的例子和事件,不要空虚的

套话);第三段归纳总结(使用表总结的词汇或词组,不要引

出新观点)。

7.草稿写作按照拟订的提纲进行充实,补充必要的细节。在打

草稿的过程中可以不局限于提纲,任意发挥。以提纲为指导,

对主题思想整体布局,通盘考虑。可以对提纲进行调整和修改。

8.适当修改“修改出成绩”,确保主题思想明确,文章不偏题;

确保细节与主题密切相关;确保句子和段落间的衔接;确保文

章无标点、拼写、大小写和语法方面的错误。

四、段落的写法

按照专业四级作文的要求,在35分钟写一篇200左右的短文,因此全文只能有13-14个句子,其中引言段3,4,3句,正文段8,7,7句,结语段3,3,4句即可。

1.段落的一致性(单一性)段落的一致性要求整个段落只有一个主题,即坚持一个中心思想,不要介入不相关的内容,不要转移话题,其中的每句话都要与主题有关,而不能只与上句有关。前后的观点

要一致;内容要求开展充分完整。

2.段落的发展性要求的主题要有具体的内容支撑,可以是事理的论证、事实、细节或例子。避免主题中的关键词发展不充分;观点后

没有中间环节,只有例子;车轱辘话,不向前发展。

3.段落的层次性要求段内之间各句的作用不同,主题句统领全段;支撑句起着发展主题的作用,有的进行事理论证而有的是细节辅助;

总结句概括、归纳全段。(不一定所有的段落都有总结句。)4.段落的连贯性是指论点发展过程中的逻辑性或连续性,是文章可读性的重要衡量手段。如记叙文按照时间顺序展开;描写文按照空间

顺序展开;说明议论文则要求按照事理顺序展开或按照人的一般思

维方式,先有问题再有回答;先有一般现象再有现象剖析;先有正

面论据再有反面论据,或者按照事理的重要程度,先重要后次要等。

保持连贯的方法:反复提及主题但不重复,使用正确的连接手段---

启、承、转、合的词汇(因为英语是“形合”语言)。如As the saying

goes…, However, As far as …is considered, Evidently, In

conclusion, To sum up…等;英语有多种表示不同关系的连接词

汇,如:

1)时间(to begin with, moreover, finally; first of all, next, then, eventually; first, second, third)

2)因果(owing to, due to, in this way, as a result, for this reason, consequently, accordingly )

3)比较、对比(unlike, in contrast, on the contrary, similarly, in the same way, in like manner, just as, whereas, in spite of ) 4)附加 (besides, not only…but also, apart from, furthermore ) 5)递进(furthermore, moreover, equally important, last but not least, additionally, likewise, as well as, besides)

6)举例a case in point, to illustrate, take …for example, as follows, as an illustration, just as)

7)让步(in spite of, regardless of, even though, whereas)

8)转折(on the other side, on the contrary, nevertheless)

9)解释、同位( roughly means, in other words, as…suggests, as regards, as for, in terms of, that is to say…, with regard to ) 10)选择(or rather, rather than, not …but, whether…or, alternately, neither…nor, either.. or)

11)总结(all in all, in short, as has been mentioned, to conclude, in conclusion, in summary, on the whole)

We can draw the conclusion from what we have talked about…

Personally, I… For these reasons…

According to the above analysis, we can arrive at the conclusion that…等连词,

如能在专四考试过程中恰当的运用上面所列的连接词汇,就会增加句子之间的连贯性,使句子地道、流畅,也就必然能够获得较高的分数。

五.开头段/引言段的写法

1.“引-限-提”法

对题目进行分层认识,正确认识题目各个信息之间的关系。然后经过引题、限题、再限题,直到点题,写出相关性好的开场白。如: 2002年的题目 The Best Way to Stay Healthy “题眼”是healthy,然后限题:healthy --stay healthy—ways to stay healthy—the best way to stay healthy,即从总的健康、保持健康、保持健康的办法、保持健康的最好办法,最后提出自己的观点。

(1)It is estimated that 70 percent of the middle-aged people in such big cities as Beijing and Shanghai are in a sub-health condition.(2) Therefore, health has become an important issue for the whole society. (3) As to how to stay healthy, “so many people, so many minds”.(4) some people favor physical exercise, while other prefer a balanced diet. (5) In my opinion, doing physical exercise is the best way to stay healthy.

2.利用指令扩写、改写

因为在专业四级的作文中,照抄指令不计算字数,但我们可以根据指令中的情景写出相关性好的开场白,如2002年的作文指令为(1)Nowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of health.(2) And they have different ways to stay healthy. (3)For example, some exercise everyday; others try to keep a balanced diet.(4) What do you think is the best way to stay healthy?句(1)说明人们对健康越来越重视,句(2)(3)表明人们保持健康的方法,(4)表明你的态度。

句(1)的释义为:

a.Today, with the improvement of living standard, people attach more

and more importance to health;

b.Today, with the heavy pressure from family, education, and career,

people pay special attention to their health;

c.Nowadays, the importance of health has been increasingly

acknowledged by people.

句(2)的释义为:

a.They are trying to find various ways to keep healthy;

b.The ways to stay healthy may vary from person to person/may be

varied among people.

c.As to the ways to keep healthy, “so many people, so many minds.”句(3)的释义为:

a.Some people favor physical exercise, while others prefer a

balanced diet.

b.Some people insist on physical exercise; others hold that a

balanced diet is a better choice.

句(4)的释义为:

a.In my opinion, …is the best way to stay healthy.

b.As far as I am concerned, …is the best way to stay healthy. 根据以上译义,开场白可以写为:

a>Today, with the improvement of living standard, people pay

more attention to their health. They are trying to find

various ways to keep healthy. Some do physical exercises

every day, but others prefer keeping a balanced diet. As far

as I am concerned, doing physical exercises is a better choice

to stay healthy.

b>Today, with heavy pressure from family, education, and career,

people pay special attention to their health condition. As

to the ways of keeping healthy, “so many people, so many

minds.” Some people favor physical exercise, while others

prefer a balanced diet. In my opinion, doing physical

exercises is the best choice.

c>Nowadays, the importance of health has been increasingly

acknowledged by people. The ways to stay healthy may vary from

person to person/may be varied among people. Some insist on

physical exercise; others hold that a balanced diet is a

better choice. As far as I am concerned, keeping a balanced

diet is the best way to stay healthy.

d>Today, with the improvement of living standard, people attach

more and more importance to health. As to the ways of keeping

healthy, “so many people, so many minds.”Some people

insist on physical exercise; others hold that a balanced diet

is a better choice. In my opinion, doing physical exercise

is the best choice.

3. 论点+解释

开场白最简单的写法是在段落一开始就直截了当的表明自己的观点,然后对论点稍加解释说明,以便下文的发展限题。如:

a> The Best Way to Stay healthy

(1) There are various ways to keep healthy, but enough sleep

is definitely the basic element to stay fit.(2) I have several

reasons to support my view.

b> Why People Work

(1) Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to

provide happiness and contentment.(2) We’re all used to

thinking that work provide the material things of life--- the

goods and services that make possible our modern civilization.(3)

But we are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides

the more intangible, but more crucial, psychological well being

that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.

4. 贴切简单的例子+观点

故事能引起人的兴趣,所以在开场白中采用趣闻趣事或情景描写可以引起读者的注意力。故事可以是自己的经历或从报纸或新闻中听到的,

千万不能是所有人都听过的例子。如:

Last National Day, I visited the Great Wall, a place I had been longing for since I was a young girl. I was deeply moved by

its magnificence. Moreover, the trip brought me into the history,

the Chinese history of fighting against the aggressors’and the

history of Chinese people.Besides scenery pleasure and history

education, travel broadens people’s mind in other ways.My trip

to Qu Fu enriches my understanding of the Chinese culture.

5.引言(数据、格言、谚语)+观点

为了避免写作的主观性,我们可以在作文中出现别人的声音,如数

据(According to a recent poll, 61percent of American high school students have admitted cheating on exams at least once.)、别人

的话(My teacher often said that you can’t tell a book by its cover. )、名人的至理名言(“Love makes all hard hearts gentle”

by George Herbert)、或一条颠扑不破的谚语(A friend in need is a friend indeed.)等作为文章的开头。但应注意所引内容对主题的准确和合适。如:Honesty: Is it going out of Style?

a> (1)According to a recent poll, 61 percent of American high

school students have admitted cheating on exams at least once. (2)It can be argued such a response may not mean much. (3)After all, most students have been faced with the temptation to peek at a neighbor’s test paper. (4)And students can be hard on themselves in judging such behaviors. (5)However, there are other indications that high school cheating may be on the rise.

b> As a Chinese saying goes, traveling ten thousand miles and

reading ten thousand book is the top ideal for people. Travel does broaden our minds. It enables us to appreciate beautiful scenery, value the culture and customs of a people and learn the history.

c> Students’ Individuality Should Be Considered in Teaching

“Every human being”, stated by William Ellery Channing somewhere, “is intended to have a character of his own; to be what no others are, and to do what no others can do.”Students’ individual characters and their turn of mind decide the way they learn knowledge. Therefore, in teaching their individuality should be taken into consideration.

6. 疑问或问题+观点

开场白中出现疑问或问题可以引起读者思考,因为读者会尝试回答或思考该问题的解决思路。这样可以使读者投入在写作中,而作者可以顺理成章的做答或讨论。如: Why I teach?

Why do I teach?My friend asked the question when I told him that

I didn’t want what was considered for an administrative position.

He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “step-up”

toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power. Certainly I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me.

Why, then, do I teach?

7.不同或相反的观点+观点

这种方法也叫反转法,作者用自己的主题相反或不同的观点开头,然后与之相悖。表明自己的观点和立场。

如: What Makes the World Go Around?

Some people think it is love that makes the world go around.

Other of less romantic but more practical turn of mind say it isn’t love; it is money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go around. Energy is the currency of ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends.

8. 场景描写

通过生动的描写把文章的主题、事物、现象反映出来,以引起读者的兴趣。此法可用于记叙文或议论文。描写的开头是文章的“闪光点”,

但笔墨不必太多,因为描写是为主题铺垫,几个动感很强的动词即可达到效果。如: Why College Students Take Part-time Job

Nowadays college students are seen waiting on tables, cleaning in stores, advertising in streets, teaching in families and doing whatever work they can find. It has become fashionable for college students to do some odd jobs in their spare time. But I think, as a college student, doing part time job will definitely had bad influence on their study.

9.直入主题/开门见山

直截了当的指出文章的主题比较适用于议论文的写作,便于抓住主题、避免离题。如:No More Video Games

Teenagers are spending far too much time and energy in video arcades these days. In my opinion, video games should be done away with. They are nothing but a waste of time, money and energy.

10. 定义法

定义法是通过对文章要讨论的主题,尤其是不太熟悉的主题进行释义来引出议论。如:Should Euthanasia Be Advocated

Euthanasia, q quiet and easy death, or “mercy killing”, has become a heated topic among people recently. Many people applaud it and argue that euthanasia should be advocated in our society. But I disagree strongly with this idea.

需要注意的是:开头段要言简意赅,不宜笔墨太多,一、两句话就要过渡到主题上,否则会影响主体段和结尾段的字数安排。避免说话兜圈子、主题不明确和词不达意。主题思想句(主旨句)----表达作者观点、立场或思想的句子,必须出现在开头段。

六、中间段/主体段的写法

1.中间段要有主题句(topic sentence),因为英语中的说明文和议论文需要主题句。(主旨句是针对全篇文章,是全文内容的总结,并依靠全文的段落支持。因此应出现在开头段里。)主题句是对整个段落而言,它是段落思想的

概括,并靠整个段落中的例子、细节等来支持、开展。因此主题句应支持主旨句(thesis statement),对主旨句有体现力;并靠段内句子支持,对段落有概括力。

2.中间段需要根据主旨句确立结构和层次关系—逻辑性和重要性(先提问,后回答,先正面后反面,先次要到重要)

3.中间段的内容应该紧扣主题,其中各个发展句的内容要有典型性和真实性。句句要与主题句有关。

4.中间段要对引言段中的主题思想发展和充实,因此需要在主题句的引领下的论证和说明主题思想。因此在确立主题句后,着手对那些有可能支持主题思想句的素材进行筛选。理想的素材要有典型性---所选材料能结合事物的本质,具有代表性和很强的说服力、真实性---所选材料是客观事实,而非作者杜撰,增加文章的可信度和紧扣主题,相关性---所选材料与主题思想相关,紧扣主题。

5.主题句的扩展方法有:时间顺序法、程序展开法、空间开展法、演绎归纳法、对比对照法、举例法、因果法、分类法、定义法等。详见《英语写作手册》88-109页的讲解和例文。

七、结尾段/结语段的写法

对整个段落和整篇而言,自然的结尾非常重要,尽管段落可以没有结尾句,但文章一定需要一个自然而符合逻辑的结尾段。

1.总结主题,但不要简单重复

主题的变通(同义反复)+观点概括如: Why Do I Teach Why, then, do I teach? (1)I teach because I like the pace of the academic calendar. June, July, and, August offer an opportunity for reflection, research, and writing.(2)I teach because teaching is a profession built on change. When the material is the same, I change---and, more important, my student change.(3) I teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my own lessons, to stimulate myself and my students. As a teacher, I am my own boss. If I want my freshmen to learn to write by creating their own textbooks, who is to say I can’t? Such courses may be huge failures, but we can learn from failures.(4) I teach because I like to ask questions that students must struggle to answer. The world is full of right answers to bad questions. So teaching gives me pace, variety, freedom, and challenge.(段落结尾句)

2.反诘问句

段落结尾处的问题可以使读者参与问题的思考,给读者留下深刻的印象。

如: What makes pollution so severe nowadays? Firstly, people throw life wastes so carelessly, with them littering streets, rivers and field. Secondly, the development of economy deteriorates our environment to a great extent. The major pollutant is the industrial waste. The waste gas dirts the air and the waste liquid from factories poisons the water.

Thirdly, some pollutions spread out fast without effective solution to them. Green house effect, for instance, has caused the iceberg at the two poles to melt, which means that lots of countries will be flood- stricken. How can we live a happy and healthy life, if our environment is too polluted to have fresh air to breathe or clean water to drink?/ If our environment is going to be polluted in these ways, what a world shall we leave our later generations?(段落结尾句)

3.提出建议,呼吁行动

提建议是很好的一种结尾方式,尤其在利弊、优缺对比之后建议人们合理安排,趋利避害是很自然的事情。在要求写某事物的必要性、重要性、有益处等的文章中,结尾处适合提出建议,因为既然重要、有好处我们就要行动起来。如: How to Develop a Good Study Habits?

There are other techniques that might help you with your study. Only a few have been mentioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. Talk with your classmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. To improve your study habits will definitely improve your grades.(文章结尾句)

4. 展望未来

文章的结尾处提出对文章或段落所讨论或说明的事理、观点的一种展望,从而把主题引申到更高的意义层次上。要求提出建议的文章,一般结尾要展望一下采用作者的建议可能的前景。如:2005对艺术节提建议的文章可以结尾为:

Of course, there should be other shows to attack more students and show their own talents. I really hope that my suggestions are of help to the festival. I wish this festival could be held successfully and it would be a real show of our talents. (文章结尾句)

1998对污染问题提出解决污染的文章,自然结尾处要展望采取建议后的良好结果和前景。如:

I believe by using electricity to replace petrol as an important source of power, the world would be “cleaner”, where we can breathe more freely and trees will turn green again. (文章结尾句)

5. 提出警示

指出所讨论的问题的严重性或可能出现的严重性,以引起读者对问题的重视。如: Ease Burden of Our School Children一文的结尾:

If we do not ease our school children’s study burden now, just imagine what would become of our children in a few years: their eyes short-sighted, their backs hunched, there are nothing but bookworms. Therefore, easing our children’s study burden is not a necessity, but

a must. (文章结尾句)

需要注意的是:注意保持结尾段与主题思想的一致,避免模棱两可的表达;简洁明了,切忌画蛇添足;避免空喊口号,或老生常谈; 避免出现崭新的观点。

八、常见作文类型与题目

1. 意义、重要性、危害说明类作文:

1)The Importance of Elective Courses

2)The Major Advantages / Disadvantages of Advertising

on TV

3)Being Indulged in Computer Games/ Chatting on the

Internet Is Harmful

4)The Importance of Building China into a Harmonious

Society /Sustainable society

5)The Importance of Keeping a Good Relationship with

Your Classmates/Teachers/friends/Parents/Roommates

6)The Most Important Thing in a Job Interview/to

Success/in Cross-Cultural Communication

7)The Importance of Diligence in Study/Work

8)E-Mail, the Greatest Invention in My Eye

9)The Importance of All Round Education

10) No Wasting

11) The Advantages/Disadvantages of Cell Phone

12)The Importance of Food Safety

2.观点论证类作文

1)Are You Still Using Disposable Chopsticks?

2)Do College Students Face the Reality after

Graduation?

3)Is thrifty Necessary in Modern Society?

4)Examination—Harmful or Useful?

5)Which Weighs More---School Brand or Major?/Money or

Work?/Certificate and Ability?

6)Should Class Attendance Be Required?

7)The Entry of Education into Market—A Good thing or

Bad Thing?

8)Is Film Giving Way to TV?

9)Reserve Certain High Level Jobs for Women

10) Excessive Assignment Should be Reduced

11) Man-Made Beauty Is Not Beauty

12) Studying in a Foreign University Does Good To

Students

3.现象解释类作文

1)Teenagers Smoking Soars

2)The Cheating in Exams/academic thesis

3)My View on Campus Marriage

4)Voluntary Blood Donation

5)The Popularity of Private Tutoring

6)Why Are Men and Women Not Equal at Home/ in Society?

7) The Three Links Between the Mainland and Taiwan

8)Exam-Oriented Education and Quality-Oriented

Education

9)The Great Changes in City Construction

10)The Popularity of Private Cars

11)On Foreign Snacks

12) Appearances Are Deceitful

4.提出建议、解决问题类作文

1)One Way to Save Water/Power/Money

2)The Best Way to Budget Your Money at School

3)The Best Way to Stop Fake Commodity

4)One Way to Keep Oneself Happy

5)The Best to Face Difficulty

6)One Way to Solve Transportation Problem

7)The Best to Prevent Traffic Accident

8)One Way to Stimulate Consuming

5.比较类作文

1)Television as a Better Source of Entertainment

2) A Balanced Diet: a Better Way to Stay healthy

3)Is a Big University Superior to a Small University?

4)Home Education Overweight Oversea Education for

Chinese Children

5)Internet, a Better Way to Get Information

6)Which school Do You Prefer: a Boarding School or a

Day School

7)Printed Books as a Better Source of Knowledge

8)I Prefer a Big Family

9)Electronic Dictionaries will not Kill Printed

Dictionaries

10) Major Is More Important Than School Brand in College

Choice

(1-10的题目要求比较两个事物的优缺点,然后表明倾向)

11)Where to Live: in the City or in the Country?

12) Where to Receive High Education: Abroad or at Home?

13) Where to Work: Developed Cities or West China?

14) Whether to Further Study or to Find a Job Soon After

Graduation

15) Where to Eat: in a Restaurant or at Home

(11-15的题目要求比较两个事物的利弊,然后表明倾向)

16)The Advantages and Disadvantage of Taking Part Time

Jobs

17) The Positive and Negative Effects of TV Advertisement

18) What Are the Advantages and Disadvantage of Cell

Phones? (Cell phones: Both a Blessing and a Curse)

19) Advantages and Disadvantages Computers Bring to

People

20) Advantages and Disadvantages of Owing a Car

(16-20的题目要求比较一件事物的利与弊,分别列举优缺点,表然后明自己的态度)

九、写作题目的范围

校园生活:学习、活动、考试、就业、校园现象等

1.上大学的目的是什么?

2.学习期间的最大压力是什么?

3.课外活动、课外打工的意义是什么?

4.毕业如何找工作?如何面试?如何就业?继续深造还是马

上就业?就业难的主要原因是什么?

5.在学习和生活上听从父母劝告还是按照自己的意愿?

6.如何理财?如何支配自己的大学时间?

7.如何看待大学生谈恋爱/结婚问题?

8.考试的作用/考试作弊

9.参加各种社团的意义是什么?

10.和同学、室友及老师等和谐相处最重要的是什么?

社会与家庭:社会生活、社会规范、社会问题、家庭模式、关系、教育等

1.交流是促进社会关系的重要方法

2.你认为解决城市交通的最好办法是什么?开辟车道还是减少车

辆?

3.你对公众场合吸烟、高声打电话、大声说话有什么看法?

4.如何看待这些浪费现象:餐厅、饭店的剩饭剩菜、水房水龙头

关不紧、空调的温度过高或过低?

5.对于灾区和贫苦学生,你能作什么?

6.家庭模式有哪些?你喜欢哪一种?

7.怎样看待代沟?如何消除?

8.高离婚率对社会、家人、孩子的影响是什么?

9.表扬还是惩罚孩子,哪个更好?孩子和电脑、孩子和兴趣班?

10.大学生毕业后的就业、择业和创业?

科技与媒体:媒体、网络、书籍、电脑、手机、电视等

1.媒体的主要作用是什么?

2.计算机的利弊、优缺点、用途是什么?

3.计算机能否代替人脑?计算机翻译代替英语学习?

4.互联网的利与弊?

5.通讯手段的多样化:手机、电话、写信、电子邮件

6.娱乐渠道:电影、电视、网络、mp3/mp4

7.科技评论

8.电视在现代人生活中的作用?

环境与自然:人与动物、人与自然、环境污染、环境可持续性发展

1.环境污染(水、噪音、空气)的根源和解决办法?

2.人与自然的关系?

3.人与动物的关系?

4.环境可持续性发展中你认为什么最重要?

5.森林的保护的重要性(乱砍乱伐、一次性筷子)

6.全球变暖、白色垃圾、热浪

7.自然灾害的预防与措施

8.建设与发展的关系

人本主义:衣食住行、娱乐、健康、工作、观念、婚姻

1.饮食结构的改变和调整

2.娱乐形式中你最喜欢那一种?

3.健康的重要性和保持健康的方法

4.工作的乐趣和意义

5.你理想中的工作是什么?择业中兴趣和高薪的关系?

6.如何面对现代对传统的挑战?

7.家庭模式变化的原因?

8.如何看待“丁克”家庭?

其他话题:

1.友谊或爱情的重要性及保鲜方法?

2.如何培养自信?

3.如何看待幸福?

4.如何克服紧张情绪?

5.守时的重要性?

6.如何看待“人造美女”和淳朴自然?

7.如何理解明星的实力和运气之间的关系?

8.明星与追星族?

9.如何看待现代的流行音乐?

十、写作模式范文赏析

1.比较类作文

Major Is More Important than School Brand in College Choice

After years of preparation for high education, it is time for high school students to decide which school to enroll. Among various factors, school brand and major become the most important factors to be taken into consideration. Between them I hold major is more important than school brand.

My preference for a good major rather than school brand lies in the following two reasons. The first one is an ideal major can motivate me to make greater efforts in academic study. As a popular saying goes,

interest is the best teacher. With a major of great interest, I will exert more efforts on it and more inspiration will come out. But in a famous school with no ideal major, though there are learned supervisors, and excellent teaching facilities, I will feel dull with no academic interest. The second reason is that a good major means a good occupation in the future. The reputation of a famous college is very important in job hunting. But what employers need are faculties who can do special jobs. So they pay more attention to the employee’s quality and ability in specialties.

From what we have discussed above, we can safely get the conclusion that major outweighs school brand in our decision of college entrance.

2. 意义、重要性、危害性说明类作文

Being Indulged in Computer Games Is Harmful

An excellent college student flunked because he could not concentrate on the study for being indulged in computer games. He spent nearly all the money on games, which was earned by his father’s selling blood. When his father knelt down to beg him to return to school, he was too numb to show any regret. When computers’ entertaining function is highly spoken of, such a problem does deserve our serious concern.

The most serious harm of computer games comes from their contents, which affect children’s mental health. Many games involve violence, such as fighting and killing. To win or kill their opponents, children are permitted to use all various means like guns, knives and bombs. When they are enjoying the pleasure of success, a violent turn of mind is developed and rooted in them, which may include future violent behaviors in their real life. Being indulged in computer games also does harm to children’s health. The radiation from the computer can arouse many uncomfortable feelings, like headache, poor eyesight and even losing hair. Being lack of sleep and dinner, children are more likely to get irritable and suffer from severe malnutrition.

Of course, it is not the end of the story. Being indulged in computer games also affects children’s study, and their communication with others. All these facts show that it is time for us to manage computer games by the whole society.

3. 观点论证类作文

Reserve Certain High-Level Jobs for Women

Nowadays, most of the high paying, powerful, and responsibility-demanding jobs are held by men. Some people suggest that the government should reserve a percentage of these jobs for women. I do agree with this opinion, because our society could benefit a lot if more women were in the positions of power for the following reasons.

First, women may make greater contribution to the development of the society because of their peculiar way of thinking. Women tend to care more about details, which may decide the success or failure of a matter to some extent. The more detailed consideration, the fewer loopholes there are in an important plan. With female leaders’ thoughtful consideration, work decisions and plans may be more comprehensive. Secondly, women’s nature of tenderness and tact in communication may make high-level jobs more fruitful especially in some fields demanding harmonious interpersonal communication. Conflicts are unavoidable in any work, and the negotiation among various parts to reach agreement is especially critical. In these cases, women, with their born tact to communicate with others may play an important role in negotiating.

As the above-mentioned advantages for providing more high-level jobs to women, though it may arouse problems against tradition, reserving high-level jobs for women is a course worthy of our efforts, considering the contribution women make in high positions.

4.现象解释类作文

Why Do College Students Have Difficulty in Finding a Job

In recent years college graduates are facing greater change in job markets. To avoid such an embarrassment, many students even choose to further their study to wait for another three years for a possible job opportunity. The reasons for the employment difficulties lie in the following three aspects.

Firstly, the enlarged college enrollment supplies more than enough graduates with a certain specialty. There has been an overabundance of executive secretaries, lawyers, and workers etc. Therefore in the contest for a single position by tens of hundreds of graduates, most will suffer the failure. Secondly, job finding also comes from the curricula design of many colleges. They have not adjusted their majors and subjects to meet the demand of modern society, so that students cannot find a position in the market to apply their knowledge in practice. Thirdly, I believe the difficulties also come from the graduates themselves. The job demands are quiet unbalanced between developed areas and undeveloped areas. A large number of graduates would rather stay jobless in big cities than take positions in small or undeveloped cities.

Taking all these reasons into account, we’d like to suggest that the government should have a micromanagement in college enrollment and major design, and students should have a broader and more reasonable view about careers.

5. 提建议、解决问题类作文

One Way to Solve Pollution from Vehicles

Cities are not as clean as they were 20 years ago, which has become a serious problem deserving our great concern. One important source of air pollution, generally believed, is vehicles, which emit a large amount of waste gases into the air. To solve the problem, many and varied proposals have been presented, like limiting the number of vehicles, and using smokeless fuel.My advice is that electricity-replacing fuel should be an effective way to solve pollution from vehicles.

Electricity contributes to the solution to vehicle pollution for two reasons. The first reason is that electricity is a clean power. Unlike fuel containing toxics like plum bum, benzene, etc., electricity will not emit any such waste gases. Many electricity- powered bicycles have appeared which have made our cities cleaner. The second reason is that electricity may make the air protection sustainable. In the long run, electricity is more easily available than fuel. Compared with the fuel exploration, which depends on the limited reservoir of crude oil in the sea or on the land, electricity can be generated widely from wind, water, and oil. If some technological difficulties are solved, I believe electricity will certainly be a way to replace fuel as driving power.

From the above evidence, we can easily see the prospect electricity may bring us in solving the problem of vehicle pollution. We are expecting a cleaner world.

The end

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