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成人版一册 Unit 55 教师版

成人版一册 Unit 55 教师版
成人版一册 Unit 55 教师版

Unit 55

A good idea

【名称】形容词比较级不规则变化

【含义及用法】形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。

1. 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级如下,这些不规则变化需要单独记忆:

形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化

2. 形容词前加less 和least ,则表示“较不”和“最不”。

E.g. difficult 难 less difficult 较不难 least difficult 最不难

interesting 有趣 less interesting 较无趣 least interesting 最无趣

3.可数名词的多与少,用many 与few 来表达,相应地,其比较和最高级分别为more ,most 和fewer ,fewest ;不可数名词的多与少,则用much 与little 来表达,其比较和最高级分别为more ,most 和less ,least 。

E.g. I've made more mistakes than you have, and Rachel has made the most.

我出的错误比你的多,而雷切尔出的错误最多。

I've made fewer mistakes than Rachel has, and you have made the fewest.

原级

比较级 最高级 good / well

Better best bad / ill

Worse worst many / much

More most little

Less least old older (新旧或年龄)/elder (兄弟姐妹的长幼关系)

oldest/ eldest far

farther (表示距离,译为“更远”)/ further (表示程度,

译为“进一步的”)

farthest/ furthest

Grammar

我的错误比雷切尔少,而你的错误是最少的。

I've got more water than you have, and Rachel has got the most.

我的水比你的多,而雷切尔的水最多。

I've got less water than Rachel has, and you've got the least.

我的水比雷切尔的少,而你的水是最少的。

Practice

Complete the sentences.

1. Tommy's homework is much ________ (good) than it was last year.

2. The green apple is as ________ (sweet) as the red one.

3. Andy made ________ (many) mistakes than Tina did in the test.

4. It's very boring. This is the ________ (interesting) book I have ever read.

5. This blue ear is cheaper than that car. It means this blue car is ________ (expensive) than that red one.

答案

1. better

2. sweet

3. more

4.least interesting

5. less expensive

解析

1. 句意:Tommy今年的家庭作业做得比去年好多了。本题主要考查形容词比较级的特殊变化,根据

good/well→better→best我们可以判断答案应为good的比较级better。

2. 句意:绿色的苹果跟红色的苹果一样甜。本题主要考查形容词比较级句型中as + 形容词原级+ as的句型,所以sweet在本句中为原级。

3. 句意:在(这次)考试中,Andy犯的错误比Tina要多。本题主要考查形容词比较级的特殊变化,根据

many→more→most我们可以判断答案应为many的比较级more。

4. 句意:这实在是太无聊了,这是我看过的最无聊的书。本题主要考查形容词最高级的特殊变化,由于interesting 为多音节词,所以应该带前缀词,形容词前如加least 则表示为"最不" ,所以答案应为least interesting。

5. 句意:这辆蓝色车比那个车更便宜,就是说这辆蓝色的车没有那辆红色的车那么贵。本题主要考查形容词比较级的特殊变化,形容词前如加less 和least 则表示"较不"和"最不" ,因此表示较不贵的方式应为less expensive。

Sentence structure

【名称】形容词比较级及最高形句型

【含义及结构】

1.A+ be + (much ,a lot ,a little ,a bit , far, even )+ 比较级+ B.

比较级前面可以加上表示“程度”的词或短语,修饰比较级,表示对程度进行强调。

意思是“更…”,“(大/小/多/少/好/坏等)得(多/少)”

E.g. He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。

2. 具体数量词+ 比较级

比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构

表示具体“大多少”,“小多少”,“长多少”,“短多少”等

E.g. I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。

3.比较级+ and + 比较级

意思表示为“越来越……”

E.g. It is getting warmer and warmer.天气越来越暖和。4.“the + 比较级…,the + 比较级…”

表示“越……,就越……”

E.g. The more,the better.多多益善。

5. “less + 原级+ than…”

本句式常常用于表示不及另一方的情况

E.g. She is less healthy than he. 她的身体没有他那么健康。

Practice

Transform the following sentences into another way.

1. You are taller than I am.

______________________________________________

2. You've got more vegetables than I have.

______________________________________________

3. You've got heavier boxes than I have.

______________________________________________

4. You've made fewer mistakes than I have.

______________________________________________

5. You've got more sugar than I have.

______________________________________________

答案

1. I am the shortest.

2. I've got the least vegetables.

3. I've got the lightest boxes.

4. I've made the most mistakes.

5. I've got less sugar than I have.

vocabulary

整体呈现

idea n. 主意

a little少许

a few几个

teaspoonful n.一满茶匙的(量)

less adj.较少的,更少的

pity n.遗憾

instead adv. 代替

advice n. 建议,忠告

most adj. 最多的(many, much的最高级)

least adj. 最小的,最少的(little的最高级)

best adj. 最好的(good的最高级)

worse adj. 更坏的(bad的比较级)

worst adj. 最坏的(bad的最高级)

重点词汇解析

1. idea

【释义】名词,想法;主意;概念

E.g. I have a good idea. 我有个好主意.

【辨析】区分idea与opinion ,thought, view. Idea表达的含义较广,表示主意,想法,各种看法opinion 主要指对某事具体的看法、观点、想法

E.g.In my opinion, that’s a good idea. 在我看来,那是个好主意.

thought 思想;思考;想法;关心,主要特指成系统的思想,

E.g. I wonder who thought of the idea.javascript:void(0); 我纳闷谁想出这个主意的。

view 意见,表示个人观点,侧重个人意见

E.g. I have the same view.javascript:void(0); 我也有同样的观点。

good idea 好主意

bad idea 坏主意

Intelligent idea 聪明的主意

someone(somebody)’s idea 某人的主意

2. a little

【释义】副词词组,少量地,稍许地

形容词词组,少量的,稍许的

【辨析】区分a little/little

a little修饰不可数名词,表示肯定含义(即为有);虽然少,但是还是有的,词义重心落在”有”的上面.

little 修饰不可数名词,表示否定含义(几乎没有);不仅少,而且是几乎没有,词义重心落在”几乎没有”上.

可数名词的多与少,用many与few来表达;不可数名词的多与少,则用much与little来表达。

E.g. He has little money. 他几乎没有钱.

He has a little money. 他有一点钱.

I have a little milk. 我(杯子里)还有一点牛奶。

I have little milk. 我(杯子里)几乎没牛奶了。

3. a few

【释义】形容词词组,一些

【辨析】区分a few/few

a few 修饰可数名词,表示肯定含义;

few 修饰可数名词,表示否定含义

可数名词的多与少,用many与few来表达;不可数名词的多与少,则用much与little来表达。

E.g. She has a few friends here. 在这里她有几个好朋友。

She has few friends here. 在这里她几乎没有朋友

She has a few books to read. 她有好几本书要看。

She has few books to read. 她没什么书要看了。(她几乎都看完了或者没有可以选择的了)

4. teaspoonful

【释义】名词,一满茶匙的(量) 复数teaspoonfuls

【辨析】One Teaspoonful每次一勺

a teaspoonful of sugar一茶匙糖

two teaspoonful of honey两茶匙的蜂蜜

a level teaspoonful一平茶匙

E.g. I want a teaspoonful of sugar with my coffee. 我的(那杯)咖啡加一茶匙的糖。

Give him one teaspoonful three times a day.javascript:void(0); 每天给他吃这个(药),每天三次,每次一茶匙。

How many teaspoonfuls do you want?你要多少茶匙(糖/蜂蜜等)?

5. pity

【释义】名词,怜悯,同情;遗憾

【辨析】区分pity/shame

两者均可表示“遗憾的事”,常与a连用,指没实现某种愿望而感到遗憾、懊悔或可惜,可以换用。

但是shame还可表示“可耻之事;令人难堪的事”,指说话人对某种行为感到厌烦、憎恶或讨厌,而pity 没有这一意思。

What a pity 多遗憾啊

E.g. What a pity/shame that she can not come! 她不能来真是遗憾!

It is a shame/pity that I can’t help you.很遗憾我没能帮上你(的忙)。

a pity thing 遗憾的事

6. instead

【释义】副词,作为替代

E.g. He is too busy, let me go instead. 他太忙了,让我去吧。

He didn't give John the money, but he gave it to me instead. 他没把钱给约翰,却给了我。

【辨析】区分take the place of/ in (the) place of /instead of

take the place of 取代,代替(做谓语,用在名词,代词前)

in (the) place of 相当于instead of 也是代替的意思,但instead of 还含有“而不是”的意思。

E.g. Who will take the place of Mr White? 谁将代替怀特先生?

I will go to this meeting in place of you. 我会代替你去参加这次会议。

instead of 用…代替,而不是…

E.g. We will go by bus instead of on foot. 我们坐车去,而不是步行。

She prefers buying books instead of borrowing them from the library.

她宁可买书而不愿到图书馆去借。

7. advice

【释义】名词,建议,忠告(不可数名词)

E.g. You'd better take my advice next time. 你下次最好听从我的建议。

动词,建议

E.g. I advice you to stop smoking. 我建议你不要再抽烟了。

【辨析】区分advice/suggestion

advice与suggestion都是名词,都表示"建议、意见"的意思

两者的最大区别在于advice是不可数名词

表示"一条建议"用a piece of advice,

"一些建议"是some advice

而suggestion则是可数名词,表示

"一条建议"用a suggestion

"一些建议"是some suggestions

"许多建议"是many suggestions

E.g. I want to give you a little advice. 我想给你提出一点建议。

He gave us many useful suggestions. 他给了我们很多有用的建议。

a piece of advice 一条建议

take one's advice 听众某人的建议

follow one's advice 采纳某人的建议

advice sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

Practice

Complete the words.

1. Those clothes are too old- fashioned and do not s________ me at all.

2. What a p________! He tailed.

3. Please pint a t________ of sugar into the tea.

4. I did not smoke, but ate some biscuits i________.

5. it is a good i________ to cat more and smoke less.

答案

1.suit 2.pity 3.teaspoonful 4.instead 5.idea

Listening

Listen and choose the best answer.

1. Which subject does Tom learn best?

A. English.

B. Moths.

C. Biology.

2. What's Miss Green's telephone number?

A. 95346278.

B. 95436278.

C. 95342678.

3. When did the meeting begin?

A. At 1:40.

B. At 2:00.

C. At 2:20.

4. Who jumped highest at the sports meeting?

A. Sam.

B. Tim.

C. Tom.

5. What are they going to do tomorrow?

A. They're going to watch the volleyball game.

B. They're going to pay a visit to the West Lake.

C. They're going to sleep earlier.

答案

1-5 AAABB

听力原文:

Text 1

Woman: How about your mid-term exams, Tom?

Man: I got an A for English, a C for moths and a D for biology.

Text 2

Woman: Hello! Cart I speak to Miss Green?

Man: Sorry, but she is in her office now, and her telephone number is 95346278.

Text 3

Woman: Sorry, I'm late.

Man: Oh, it's two o'clock now. The meeting has been on for twenty minutes.

Text 4

Woman: Hi, Tom, did Sam jump highest at the sports meeting?

Man: No. He got the second place. Tim won at last.

Text 5

Woman: Shall we go to the volleyball game tonight?

Man: No, we'd better not. We must go to bed earlier.

We are going to visit the West Lake tomorrow.

Exercise

I Multiple choice.

1. There are ~four pairs of shoes and this pair is the ________

A. beautifulness

B. more beautiful

C. most beautiful

D. beautiful most

2. Tom is absent from school, because he is ill. ________.

A. That's good idea

B. What a pity

C. What pity it is

D. That's all right

3. ________ of them know the city very well.

A. No one

B. None

C. Much

D. A lot

4. Have you got ________ money?

Yes, we have ________ money.

A. some; some

B. any; any

C. some; any

D. any; some

5. The white cat is ________ than the black one.

A. more small

B. smaller

C. the smallest

D. smallest

答案

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.D

5.B

II Fill in the blanks.

1. This building is ________ (high) than that one.

2. Tom is the ________ (clever) student in his class.

3. Jenny is ________ (tall) than her friend, Joan.

4. This box is ________ (heavy) than that one.

5. This blue coat is the ________ (cheap) one in our shop.

答案

1.higher 2.cleverest 3.taller 4.heavier 5.cheapest 6.best

III Transform the sentences.

1.This question is difficult. I cannot answer it. (too…to结构)

_______________________________________________________

2.Tom is tall. Jane is taller. (合并为一句)

_______________________________________________________

3.Tom is young. John is younger than Tom. Robert is younger than John. (改为最高级形式) _______________________________________________________

4.He is shorter than any other students in this school. (改为最高级形式)

_______________________________________________________

5.I'm happier than anyone else in the world. (改为最高级形式)

_______________________________________________________

答案

1. This question is too difficult for me to answer.

2. Jane is taller than Tom.

3. Robert is the youngest of file three.

4. He is the shortest in this school.

5. I am the happiest in the world.

IV Translation.

1.这是我见过的最好的旅馆。

_______________________________________________________

2.我的礼物比你的少。

_______________________________________________________

3.你有一些信封吗?

_______________________________________________________

4.我是班里最矮的学生。

_______________________________________________________

5.这是我听到的最坏的消息。

_______________________________________________________

答案

1. This is the best hostel I've ever seen.

2. I've got fewer presents than you have.

3. Have you got any envelopes?

4. I am the shortest student in my class.

5. This is the worst news I've ever heard.

Sample test

1. ---Who is ________ running star in your college?

---I think Philip is. (2007长春中考)

A.famous B. more famous C.the most famous D.less famous

2. --- What bad wearer! (2008重庆中考)

---Yes. The radio says it will be even ________ later on.

A.bad B.badly C.worse D.worst

3. ---Which month has ________ days in a year? (2011雅安中考)

---February.

A.few B.little C.the least D.the fewest

4. ---what do you think of the dress? (2007河南中考)

---Wonderful. I don't think I can find a ________ one.

A.good B.better C.bad D.worst

5. China is one of ________ countries in the world. (2011南充中考)

A.larger B.largest C.the largest

答案

1. C

【解析】句意:——谁是你们大学最著名的跑步明星?——我想是菲利普。题干中有“in your college”这个表范围的短语,故判断应用最高级,故选C。

2. C

【解析】句意:——天气真糟糕!——是啊,广播说过会儿更糟糕。even后要用比较级,所以用worse。

3. D

【解析】句意:——一年中哪个月的日子最少?——二月。本题主要考查形容词的最高级。在一年中这个范围之内,用最高级形式,days为可数名词用fewest。故选择答案D。

4. B

【解析】句意:我想我不会找到(比这件)更好的衣服了。本题主要考查用比较级形式表示最高级的意义。考查形容词的比较级。由“Wonderful”知对方在称赞衣服好。故选择答案B。

5. C

【解析】句意:中国是世界上最大的国家之一。本题主要考查比较级和最高级的用法。”one of the+形容词的最高级+名词复数”表示:最……的之一.

高三译林版一轮教师用书:第1部分 必修5 Unit 1 Getting along with

Unit 1Getting along with others Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写 1.pretend v i.&v t.假装;装扮,扮作2.beg v t.&v i.请求,恳求;乞讨3.focus n.焦点;重点 v i.&v t.集中于……;(使)聚焦4.remark n.&v i.评论,谈论5.quarrel n.&v i.争吵,争执6.blame v t.责备,指责 n.责任;责备,指责7.overcome v t.克服,解决 8.attitude n.态度,看法 9.eager adj.热切的,急不可待的10.betray v t.出卖,背叛 11.envy v t.& n.羡慕,忌妒12.swear v t.&v i.发誓;咒骂 Ⅱ.拓展单词——能辨别 1.admit v t. &v i.承认;允许进入,接纳→admission n.承认;进入;许可2.forgive v t.原谅,宽恕 →forgiveness n.原谅,宽恕 3.manner n.方式;态度,举止

→manners n.礼貌;礼仪 4.argue v i.争吵,争论 →argument n.争辩,争论 5.apologize v i.道歉 →apology n.道歉 6.disagree v i.不同意,有分歧 →disagreement n.分歧,争论,意见不一7.amuse v t.娱乐,消遣,使发笑 →amusing adj.好笑的,有趣的 →amused adj.高兴的 →amusement n.娱乐,消遣 8.mercy n.宽恕;仁慈 →merciful adj.仁慈的;宽容的 9.respond v i.做出反应,回应 →response n.回答;反应 10.dislike v t.不喜欢,厌恶 →like v t.喜欢 11.rely v i.依靠,依赖 →reliable adj.可靠的,可依赖的 12.hope n.& v. 希望 →hopeful adj.有希望的,怀有希望的,满怀希望的 →hopefully ad v. 有希望的,有前途地 →hopeless adj.没有好转希望的,无望的;糟透的Ⅲ.阅读单词——要识记 1.sincerely ad v.真诚地 2.sensitive adj.易生气的;敏感的;体贴的 3.topic n.话题 4.adolescent adj.青春期的

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