2003 Part A Text 2
6. To paraphrase 18th century statesman Edmund Burke,“all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.”
【译文】借用18世纪政治家埃德蒙·柏克的一句话，“只要好人什么都不做，一个被误导了的运动就能得逞”。
【析句】 To paraphrase 18th century statesman Edmund Burke作句子的目的状语，全句的主语是引号内的内容：主语是all，is是谓语动词，表语是从句that good people do nothing。all的后边接了一个由that引导的定语从句，对all加以说明。
【讲词】 paraphrase表示“解释，改述”，例如：If you think you will want to paraphrase the passage,make a note only of the author’s basic point.（如果你想解释这段话的意思，只要记住作者的基本观点就行。）
triumph意为“成功，胜利”，例如：It was a great triumph when our team won the match.（我们队赢得了这场比赛，这是一场伟大的胜利。）巴黎的凯旋门，用英语来说就是the Arch of Triumph。triumph可以作动词，意为“取得胜利”。Terror triumphed over logic and reason.（恐怖战胜了逻辑和理智。）
7. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates,whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care.
【译文】科学家应该对动物权利鼓吹者作出强有力的回应，因为他们的言论混淆了公众的视听，从而威胁到卫生知识和卫生服务的进步。
【析句】Scientists need… rights advocates是全句的主句，逗号的后边是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰animal rights advocates。定语从句的主语包含两个谓语动词
confusing和threatening。在此句中，thereby并没有连接句子，它只是副词，表示“借以”或“由此”。
【讲词】 respond表示“回答，反应”，例如：I d like to respond to your question.（我来回答你的问题。）The government needs to respond to the situation.（政府应对这种形势作出回应。）respond的名词形式是response。
advocate作动词时表示“鼓吹，提倡”，例如：Chris Stone has advocated “open source” movement since the 1980s.（克里斯·斯通从20世纪80年代起就倡导“开放源代码”运动。）作名词时意为“倡导者，鼓吹者”：an advocate of civil rights（公民权利的拥护者）。
8. For example,a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested on animals—no meat,no fur,no medicines.
【译文】例如，在近期的一次街头集市上，在动物权利宣传点一位老奶奶散发小册子规劝人们不要使用任何动物制品和动物实验制品——肉类，毛皮，药物。
【析句】本句的主干结构是a woman was distributing a brochure。brochure的后边跟了一个that引导的定语从句，限定修饰brochure。anything的后边也接了一个定语从句，限定修饰anything。
【讲词】如果不清楚staff和booth这两个词的意思，那么理解这句话就比较困难。booth指“摊，货摊,亭,棚”等，如telephone booth（电话亭）。an animal rights booth意为“一个动物权利宣传点”。staff在此句中作动词使用，意思“作为……雇员”，在这里相当于汉语的“站点”。
9. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce the se treatments,as well as new treatments and vaccines,animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
【译文】有人不清楚获得这些治疗方法，以及新疗法和新疫苗需要进行动物实验。动物实验对于他们来说，似乎说得好是浪费，说得不好是残忍。
【析句】本句的主干是animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst，句子主干前面的成分（To those… and vaccines）作状语，其中who are… vaccines是一个定语从句，修饰those。而在这个定语从句中，unaware后面的that从句是一个宾语从句。
【讲词】 unaware意为“不清楚，未意识到”：The child,unaware of the danger, picked up the bomb.（小孩没有觉察到危险，他捡起了炸弹。）
at best表示“充其量；至多”：We expect no more than 40 people at best in attendance.（我们估计参加的人数充其量不到40人。）另可表示“在最佳情况下”。
at(the) worst意为“在最坏的情况下，在最保守的估计下”，例如：At worst, the storm will make us postpone the trip.（最坏的估计是暴风雨会使我们推迟行程。）… at best… at worst可译为“往最好的方面看……往最坏的方面看……”。另有一成语：Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.（抱最好的希望，作最坏的打算。）
10. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor,lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth.
【译文】他们应该对报刊的读者来信及时做出反应，以防止动物权利的误导言论在毫无质疑的情况下横行，从而获得一副虚假的真理的面容。
【析句】这是一个条件句，如果不熟悉lest这个词，理解句子会比较困难。
【讲词】 lest意为“惟恐,以免,免得”，例如：Be careful lest you fall from that tree.（要当心,以免从树上摔下来。）I was afraid lest he might come too late.（我怕他来得太晚。）
deceptive意为“骗人的；容易使人上当的”。Appearance can be deceptive.（外表可能是靠不住的。）
unchallenged意为“未受到挑战的；未受到质疑的；毫无疑问的”。He is an unchallenged political leader.（他是一位无可争议的领导人。）
11. Finally,because the ultimate stakeholders are patients,the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well known personalities such as Stephen Cooper,who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research,but all who receive medical treatment.
【译文】最后，由于最终的利益相关者是病人，因而医疗研究机构不仅应该积极争取像斯蒂芬·库柏这样的名人的支持——他敢于站出来谈论动物实验的价值——而且也应该争取所有接受治疗的病人的支持。
【析句】本句是一个因果复合句，because引导一个原因从句，其后的句子成分是主句。在主句中，主语是the health research community，谓语是recruit，宾语是well known personalities和all。第一个宾语跟了一个同位语（Stephen Cooper），后面又跟了一个非限制定语从句。第二个宾语跟了一个定语从句，说明all。
【讲词】 ultimate意为“最后的,最终的,根本的”，也可以作名词，表示“顶点，极限”。That s an absurdity carried to its ultimate.（这可是极端的荒谬。）stakeholder意为“股东”，延伸指“相关的利益人（方）”：The stakeh olders in the peace process should be encouraged to formulate a new c onstitution for the country.（应该鼓励和平进程的相关各方为这个国家起草一部新宪法。）
2018考研英语长难句小练精讲2 1句精讲： Parents claimed more positive emotions and more meaning in their lives than non-parents, and a closer look revealed it was fathers who most enjoyed these benefits. 【分析】 ●Parents 是主语，claimed是谓语动词，宾语是positive emotions and more meaning in their lives的并列结构，其中more… than…构成了比较级。 ●And 构成了并列句连接，后面分句中a closer look是主语，revealed是谓语，宾语从句it was fathers who most enjoyed these benefits 本身也是一个it was…who…. 构成的强调句。●these benefits 指代前方的more positive emotions and more meaning in their lives。 【词汇】 ●claim v. 声称，断言 ●a closer look 仔细观察 【译文】 相比那些还没做父母的人，为人父母者具有更积极的情感和生活也更有意义。通过更加仔细的观察，可以发现父亲在上述方面更明显。 2句精讲： Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in what the Americans term downshifting has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. 【分析】 ●本句主干是my experiment... has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality。注意其谓语是一个turn sth. into sth.的结构。 ●前面两个逗号之间的是时间状语。主语的修饰部分in what the Americans term downshifting ，此处的难点是term用作动词，term A. B.把…说成…，此处的A就是放置前方的what。 【词汇】 ●term n.学期，条款，术语;v.把…称为 ●tired excuse老掉牙的借口 【译文】 奇怪的是，我在大约两年半的时间里完成两本小说之后，我这个被美国人称为放慢生活节奏的试验已经将我老掉牙的借口变成了确凿的现实。[由于本句截取，中文意思会有些断章取义] 3句精讲： It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. 【分析】 ●本句是简单句，it主语，serves….. to assist为谓语部分，a rapid distribution of goods是宾语，at reasonable price是状语，后面紧接and连接的两个分词结构，做伴随状语：第一个结构是动宾结构，第二个结构是make it adj. to do sth. it作形式宾语，provide for export at competitive prices是真正的宾语。 【词汇】 ●serve to用于 ●distribution n.分配 【译文】它能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可以建立一个稳固
下载毙考题APP 免费领取考试干货资料，还有资料商城等你入驻 邀请码：8806 可获得更多福利 2018考研英语长难句解析：每日一句(136) 2015年真题Section I Use of English 第6段第2句 Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to see that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population. 译文：尽管所有的对象都选自欧洲裔的人群，但还是刻意小心确保包括朋友和陌生人在内的所有研究对象都从相同的人群中选取。 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。主干结构是：care(主语)+ was taken(谓语)。不定式结构to see+ that引导的宾语从句做目的状语;宾语从句中，主语是all subjects, friends and strangers做all subjects的同位语, were taken做谓语，介词短语from the same population做状语。句首是由Though引导的让步状语从句;从句的主语是all the subjects ，谓语是were drawn，介词短语from…extraction做状语。 词汇指南 drawn[ dr?n](adj.)疲惫的,憔悴的;愁眉苦脸的(超纲词汇)(dra=druɡ-草药，wn=wild-野生的→ 就像晒干的野生草药一样干枯的——引申为疲惫的,憔悴的;愁眉苦脸的。) 考点搭配：drawn-out battle 旷日持久的战争(2012年-阅读4) extraction[ik?str?k??n](n.)提取物，抽样;抽出，拔出(超纲词汇)(2015年-完型)(extract-抽出,拔出;摘录，ion-名词后缀→提取物，抽样;抽出，拔出) 1个派生词： ●extract [iks tr?kt](v.)抽出,拔出;摘录(CET-6、考研词汇)(2008年-阅读4、2015年-完型)(ex-向外，tract-词根,拉扯,抽拉→ 向外拉扯、抽拉出来——即抽出,拔出，引申为摘录。因为所谓摘录就是从整篇文章中所抽出的一部分精华内容。) 考试使用毙考题，不用再报培训班
考研英语长难句解析 长难句 The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider” its State Stre et Bank ruling. (2010 Text2) 难句分析 主句 The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order 主语谓语宾语 宾语从句1 that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s judges 从属连词主语谓语宾语 宾语从句2 that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider” its 从属连词主语定语从句系动词表语从句
本句为多重复合句，句子主干为The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order，stating that...and that...现在分词短语作宾语order的后置定语，说明order的内容。其中stating后面由and并列两个that引导的宾语从句，从句1中由并列连词rather than并列两个名词短语all 12 of th e court’s judges和a typical panel of three，作by的宾语。从句2中主语one issue后面是省略引导词that的定语从句，表语是whether引导的表语从句。
2000 Passage 2 5. The grand mediocrity of today — everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring — means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper middle class India compared to the tribes. 【译文】今天这种极其显著的平均化——每个人的生存机会和子女数量都相同——意味着，与部落相比较，自然选择在印度中上阶层已经失去了80％的效力。 【析句】该句的主语是The grand mediocrity，谓语是means，其后跟着that引导的宾语从句，其中compared to the tribes是过去分词结构作状语，完整的说法是if/when it (the natural selection) is compared to the tribes。破折号中间的成分（everyone…of offspring）是插入语，其中survival和number of offspring都是介词in的宾语。【讲词】 mediocrity意为“平常，平庸”或指“平常的人，平庸的人”。其形容词是mediocre（平庸，平凡，普通）。When something is distinctly not as good as it could be, it is mediocre.（要是某个东西没有明显的好坏之处，那肯定是一个平庸的东西。）结合插入语（破折号里的词语），可以确定the grand mediocrity of today是指每个人的生存机会和后代的数量相同，因此这个词组可以译为“今天这种很普遍的平均化”。offspring有子女的意思，但在这里建议译成“后代”，因为显然难以确定只是指一代人。 6. Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they “look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship,as at something wholly beyond his comprehension.” 【译文】达尔文有一句话描述那些对进化一无所知的人：他们“看待有机的生命如同野人看着一艘大船，以为是某个完全不能理解的东西”。
2019考研英语长难句解析(57) ( 2011年真题Section ⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text3 第1段第1句) We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and Growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus. 译文：我们往往把二战后的几十年视作繁荣和发展的时代，数以百万计的士兵回到家乡，靠着政府对退役军人的资助读大学或在婚姻登记处排队办理结婚手续。 分析：本句的主语是We，谓语是tend to think of，宾语是the decades，由as引导的介词短语是该宾语的补足语。decades 后面的现在分词短语immediately following 做后置定语修饰decades ，time后的介词短语of 则是修饰time的后置定语。本句的第二部分是with引导的伴随状语，该伴随状语由with soldiers returning ，going and lining 组成。本句的难点在于对think of as 这一结构以及伴随状语中三个并列部分的理解。 词汇指南 tend [tend](v.)走向,趋向;倾向;照料,看护(CET-4)(t=to-去，end-末端,尽头朝末端去、伸展即走向,趋向，引申为倾向;照料,看护。) 考点搭配：tend to 倾向于(2008年-阅读1) 1个派生词： ●tendency [ tend?nsi](n.)趋势,趋向;倾向(CET-4)(2010年-阅读3)(ency-名词后缀) marriage[ m rid?](n.)结婚,婚姻;婚礼(中考词汇)(marri=marry-结婚，age-抽象名词后缀结婚,婚姻;婚礼) 3个扩展词： ●marry [ m ri](vt.)娶,嫁(vi.)结婚(中考词汇)(2006年-阅读1)(mar=march-三月，r-双写，y-名
第五讲特殊句式及长难句解析 1．简单句、并列句、复合句 从句: 名词性：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 形容词性：定语从句 副词性：状语从句--- 时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、比较、方式 2．省略句、比较结构、倒装句、分割结构 英语中还有一些特殊句式，出现在阅读理解中，势必会成为我们理解文章的障碍。但是，特殊句式还是有语法规律的，因此，如果我们能熟练应用特殊句式的语法规律，在阅读中一眼就能识别并领会这些特殊语法现象，障碍就基本克服了。 1.省略句 资料47 To err is human; to forgive, divine. Brevity is the soul of wit. 文体畅晓，其智乃见。（省略是将句子中的赘述部分删去，避免重复，使句子更简洁，加强表达内容的连贯性和逻辑性。被省略的部分大多是主语、谓语或谓语中的助动词等。文章中的省略现象会使句子成分短缺，造成句子不完整，如果看不出句子中省略了什么成分，就容易造成对文章的理解困难。 省略句一般只有当各组成部分有共同的成分才可能出现省略。对于这类句式，其难点在于发现省略成分，一旦找出并补充完整，句意理解就会大大简化。 省略句如果出现在翻译中，在翻译的时候，一定要把省略的部分翻译出来，否则会扣分。A：and 连接的并列句的省略 材料48页：Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.（2002） 分析：很明显，and with it possibly the only way to solve our problem，是一个省略句，with 做状语一般表示伴随，这一个分句只有一个状语加一个名词结构，构不成一个完整的句子。实际上，与前句相同的成分才会被省略，前一句的谓语部分是：will continue to be rejected. 所以，后一分句补充完整就是：with the rejection of the technology of behavior, possibly the only way to solve our problem will continue to be rejected. 练习：1. The reasons for poverty are many, but for the most part center on illiteracy, the lack of opportunities and in some cases pure laziness. (主语the reasons) 2.He majors in English, and I, in French. (谓语major ) 3.Self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismay. (省略主谓) B：状语从句中的省略 规则：当主句的主语与从句主语一致时候，且从句的谓语动词是Be动词时候，从句可省略主谓。See 材料48页1. 让步状语从句2 时间状语从句 3．If handled properly and not misused, the clone technology will only bring more benefit than disaster to mankind. (条件状语从句) 4．Some people look as if afraid of nothing. (方式状语从句) 5．The computer is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary. （比较）真题例句1 Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorable to life except planets like our own revolving round a sun. 这是复合句。in which引导定语从句，修饰astronomical body. 介词except引起的短语作
考研英语长难句经典例子解析 来源：文都图书 考研英语的长难句在广大考生心中一直是一个超级大难点，数不清的生词，看不明白的句型和混乱的时态都让考生脑袋大了不止一圈儿，所以今天这篇文章就和大家分享一下攻克长难句的技巧。以《考研英语长难句解密》中的一句超长的长难句为例。 【经典长难句】 The increase in numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of house work and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire. 【词汇突破】 have to do with…与…有关 Economic necessity 经济需求 pool of single women workers 单身女工的资源 high marriage rates 高结婚率 【参考译文】20世纪，在家庭外被雇佣的女性人数增加了，这与其说是由于家务活的机器化和闲暇时间的增加，还不如说是由于女性自身的经济需求和由于高结婚率。正是高结婚率减少了单身女工劳动力资源的数量，而在这之前很多情况下，她们是雇主们会雇佣的唯一女性。 像书中的解句顺序一样，攻克长难句首先应该拿下句中的生词和短语，这是基础，是盖房所需的砖瓦，然后再攻克句法，拿下房屋结构，这样再对照参考译文，以前觉得很难的长难句就“柳暗花明又一村”了。希望大家首先消除内心对长难句的恐惧心理，静下心来好好分析，好好学习，争取早日拿下长难句，拿下考研英语！加油！
2005 Part A Text 2 6. Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive,the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way?人生中最幸福的就是身体健康 【译文】还记得科学家们宣扬吸烟会致人死亡，而那些怀疑者们却坚持认为我们无法对此得出定论的时候吗？还记得怀疑者们坚持认为缺乏决定性的证据，科学也不确定的时候吗？还记得怀疑者们坚持认为反对吸烟的游说是决心摧毁我们的生活方式，而政府应该置身事外的时候吗？ 【析句】这里有三个问句，第一个问句的结构比较明了，而后两个问句则省略了Do you remember… insisted，只有两个由that引导的宾语从句。注意英语中，常会省略并列结构中的相同成分。 【讲词】 lobby作名词时意为“大厅”，作动词时表示“游说”。The President lobbied the bill through Congress.（总统游说国会通过这项提案。）作动词的lobby 其名词形式可以是lobbying（游说，院外活动），也可以是lobby。进行院外活动的人、进行疏通的人或说客，英文叫lobbyer或lobbyist。out to(d o…)“力图要……的”。 7. There are upsetting parallels today,as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. 【译文】科学家们一波接着一波，试图告诫我们要认清全球气候变暖正在带来日益严重的威胁，在此情形之下现在又出现了令人不安的类似事情。 【析句】 as在句中是连接词，引导一个从句，说明在什么背景之下又出现了类似的事情。在这样的结构中，as可以翻成“当（在）……时候”，或者适度对句子进行调整。不管怎样，应该清楚There are upsetting parallels today是主句，是全句的核心。
2001 Passage 5 18. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although,in the manner of a disgraced government minister,I covered my exit by claiming “I wanted to s pend more time with my family”. 【译文】一次平级的人事调动伤了我的自尊心，并阻断了我的事业发展，这促使我放弃自己相对高调的职业，当然，就像出丑的政府部长那样，我借口“我想有更多的时间与家人呆在一起”来掩饰我的去职。 【析句】本句中a lateral move是主语，promoted是谓语，that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress是a lateral move的定语，although,…with my family是状语，其中逗号之间的in the manner of a disgraced government minister 是插入语。 【讲词】 lateral move译成“侧面人事调动”着实让人费解。lateral有“侧面的”意思，但它也表示“平级的”。 block作名词意为“木块，石块，街区，阻挡”，作动词时一般表示“妨碍,阻塞”。体育活动中的阻挡，英语就用block来表示。 high profile意为“较高的姿态，较引人注意”，其反义词是low profile。例如：She likes to keep a low profile.（她喜欢保持低调。） 19. Curiously,some two-and-a-half years and two novels later,my experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. 【译文】奇怪的是，我在大约两年半的时间里完成两本小说之后，我这个被美国人称为“放慢生活节奏”的试验，却使我老掉牙的借口变成了确凿的现实。
考研英语长难句：名词性从句-同位语从句所谓同位语，就是用来补充说明名词的成分。当我们用一个完整的句子来补充说明名词时，即构成同位语从句。所以同位语从句都是位于一个名词后面，用来进一步说明前面的名词的内容，这个名词就是同位语的先行词。 1.它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。后面可以接同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility，decision等（一般的“抽象”名词都可用），例如： 【第1句】 I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 2.英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that（不能省略），whether，连接代词what，who。连接副词how，when，where等。（注：if不能引导同位语从句。）例如：【第2句】 He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 Our teacher gave us some advice how we (should) use the computer. 老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。 3.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．他突然想起敌人可能已经逃出城了。 1. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random by-products of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. (2005 Text 3) 【念念有词】 I)formulate v. 制定；规划（策略，提议）；（简练或系统地）阐述；用公式表示。formulate a policy / theory / plan / proposal 制定一项政策/理论/计划/提议；She has lots of good ideas, but she has difficulty formulating them.（她有很多好想法，但很难把它们表达出来。）
https://www.doczj.com/doc/5412627013.html,/menu/201209/198057.shtml 2012 1. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that weaken the court's reputation for being independent and impartial. 【分析】复合句。主句主干为justices acted。in several instances 和in ways作状语，that 引导定语从句修饰ways。 【译文】然而，在一些情况下，法官的行为方式削弱了法院保持中立且公正的名声。 【临摹】不同于硅谷的那些企业，印度这些公司在思路上可能更有创意。 2. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted as impartial judgements. 【分析】复合句，主句为That kind of activity makes it less likely, it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that 引导的名词性从句。 【译文】这类行为使得法院的裁定被认为是公正判决的可能性有所下降。 【词法拓展】
it 作形式宾语放在动词与宾语补足语之间，指代不定式、动名词、从句等，此时，it 无实际意义。这种情况只能用于能以名词或形容词作宾语补足语的动词后面，如feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine, suppose, think, deem, regard, count 等。3. At the very least, the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary. 【分析】复合句。At the very least在句首作状语，that 引导定语从句修饰the code of conduct。 【译文】至少，法院应当服从适用于联邦司法系统其余部门的行为准则。 4. They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have no need to cultivate political support. 【分析】复合句。主句为They gave justices permanent positions, so 引导目的状语从句，从句主干为they would be free...and have no need...。 【译文】他们给予法官们终身任期，以便法官们能自由地推翻当权者，且无需拉拢政治支持。 5. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty and property. 【分析】复合句。主句为Constitutional law is political。because 引导原因状语从句；其中分词短语rooted in... 作定语修饰choices, 介词短语like liberty and property 修饰concepts。
1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. 结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。since引导原因状语从句。此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energy American fashion。在定语从句中，that做主语，makes做谓语，it做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语（不定式短语内部to combine是主干，few farmers是宾语，with high yields 是状语），possible做宾语补足语。this指代前句中提到的这种困境。energy pinch译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。 译文：这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。 2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison. 结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。since引导原因状语从句the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter。主句中又有that引导的宾语从句that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison。此宾语从句中又套嵌一个由介词with+which引导的定语从句with which we are comparing our subjects 修饰先行词the scale。scale在此处意为“尺度、衡量标准”。 译文：既然对智力的评估相比较而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所用的尺度能够提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。 精品文档
2001 Passage 2 6. A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide—the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. 【译文】今天，所谓的数字差别，即把世界划分为信息富有地区和信息贫乏地区，非常引人瞩目。 【析句】本句的结构较简单，抓住attention is being paid to the digital divide就可以了，注意破折号后面的名词短语实际上是对digital divide一词的定义。遇到英语中的破折号时，如果翻成中文也可用破折号，也可以不用破折号。 注意要学会利用如破折号、括号、逗号等标点符号来定位一个词的补充说明成分。 【讲词】 so-called意为“所谓的,号称的”，常常带有一种贬义。The so called master of Kungfu turned out to be a cheat.（所谓的功夫大师结果是个骗子。）divide常以动词的形式出现，但它也可以是名词，表示“划分，区分；分水岭；差别”。例如，我们常说的城乡差别就可以说成the rural urban divide。 7. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized,it is in the interest of business to universalize access — after all,the more people online,the more potential customers there are. 【译文】随着互联网的日趋商业化，上网普及对商家是有利的——毕竟，上网人数越多，潜在的客户就越多。 【析句】 As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized是伴随状语，并非原因状语。As意为“随着”，而非“因为”或“由于”。主句是It is in the interest of business to universalize access。破折号后面的句子成分是进一步解释说明前面的主句。
2006 Part C 10. I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral problems. 【译文】我会把他定义为一个对道德问题进行苏格拉底式思考并将此作为自己人生首要责任和快乐的人。 【析句】本句的主干结构比较简单：I shall define him as an individual。但是注意修饰an individual的是一个定语从句，其宾语是the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems,介词结构（as his primary duty and plea sure in life）作其补语。 【讲词】 define在句中的含义为“定义；解释”。define sth. as sth.是一个常见的结构。The Chinese term of yuanfen in common usage can be defined as the “binding force” that links two persons together in any relationship.（汉语中的“缘分”通常是表示两个人之间的“凝聚力”。）Job stress can be defined as the harmful physical and emotional responses one experiences at work.（职业压力可以定义为人们在工作时所遇到的有害的身体和情感反应。） elect意为“选举”，但还可以表示“选择；决定”。She elected to return to work after her baby was born.（她决定孩子出生后再去做工作。）有时可以把elect译成“当作”，或根据句意不一定直译。 11. His function is analogous to that of a judge,who must accept the oblig ation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. 【译文】他的职责与法官相似，必须承担这样的责任：用尽可能明了的方式来展示自己做出决定的推理过程。
2018考研英语长难句解析：每日一句(44) 2006年真题Section ⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text 1 第5段 Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power. 译文：罗德里格斯指出，全世界偏远山村的孩子都是阿诺德·施瓦辛格与加思·布鲁克斯这样的超级巨星的影迷和歌迷，然而一些美国人却担心，居住在美国境内的许多移民不受国家同化力的影响。 分析：本句是由转折连词yet连接的两个并列分句，两分句均为主语+谓语+宾语从句的结构。第一个分句的主干结构是Rodriguez notes that…;在谓语notes后由that引导的宾语从句中,children是主语，are是系动词，fans of superstars是表语，in remote villages around the world是修饰主语的后置定语，like…是修饰superstars的定语。第二个分句的主干结构是some Americans fear that…，谓语fear后由that引导的宾语从句,从句中immigrants是主语，remain 是系动词，immune 是表语,to the nation’s assimilative power是状语，主语后面的现代分词短语living within the United States是修饰它的后置定语。 词汇指南 children[ t?ildr?n](n.)(child的复数)孩子们(中考词汇)(child-小孩、儿童，ren=eren-复合后缀,表人——其中en-表人举例：citizen-公民、warden-看守人、maiden-少女) remote[ri m?ut](adj.)相隔很远的,遥远的;偏远的,偏僻的;关系疏远的(CET-4)(re-一再、反复，mot-词根,动,移动，e-后缀 → 一再地移动、离出发点越来越远的——即相隔很远的,遥远的，引申为偏远的,偏僻的和关系疏远的等含义。) 1个形近词： ●remold [ ri: m?uld](v.)改造,重塑(= reshape)(超纲词汇)(2003年-阅读1)(re-重新，mold-模型→ 重新定型——即改造,重塑。) village
句子一： For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. 句子分析： 第一、句子可以拆分为三段：For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, / and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been / had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. 第二、句子的结构： 1)主干结构是并列句they do not compensate for..., and thus do not tell... 2) how able是表语前置，正常语序是：an underprivileged youngster might have been how able 3)最后一个句子是虚拟语气句的倒装结构：had he grown up under more favorable circumstances等于If he had grown up under more favorable circumstances 第三、词的处理： hey 指示代词，测试 compensate for 弥补 gross social inequality 明显的社会不公 and thus 因此 ell 说明 underprivileged 贫困的、物质条件差的