汉译英unit 1
1、当今的大学生，尽管他们努力地想使自己成才，但对未来还是很模糊的。
（estabish oneself）
Today's university students are struggling to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feelings about their future.
2、一个人如果不能找到自我以外的中心，就不能实现他的自我价值。所以，理
想的本科教育必须使学生超越自我。（transcend）
A man cannot find himself without finding a center beyond hi. So the idealism of the undergraduate experience must help the student transcend himself.
3、我们强烈地希望在大学所学到的知识在今后的工作与学习中能起到重要作
用。（reveal ）
We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education.
4. 四年的本科学习班是走向成功生活的唯一道路，这种说法是无法接受的。(go unchallenged)
We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education.
5.对一个关键问题作结论时，如果只是相信所谓专家的意见而不相信自己，不根据调查的结果、不根据数据、那是冒险。（run the risk of; blind faith in）
It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-year undergraduate experience is the only path to success in life.
6.我们的事业需要一批受过良好教育又能关心他人的年轻人，他们能团结一致相互学习，积极参加四化建设。（band together; participate in）
Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caring young people who can band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the four modernizations.
7.如果这所新学校要有生命力，它培养出平的学生不仅要有扎实的基础和熟练的专业技能，还要有奉献精神。（be to endure; commit oneself）
If it is to endure, the new school should help the students not only acquire a sold basic education and become competent in a specific field, but also be ready to commit themselves to others。
8. 如果大学生对考试过于投入就可能把能力与奉献放到次要的地位，这样说一点也不过分。(push to the fringes)
It is not too much to say that if undergraduates excessively devote themselves to examinations, the will push competence and commitment to the fringes.
9. 我甚至没有跟他说话，当然更不用说与他讨论有关你们学校的改建的问题。(much less)
I didn't even speak to him; much less discuss the reconstruction of your school with him.
10. 有人认为考试是很重要的，但也有人认为考试有不少弊端。所以考试留下了一个未能解决的问题---考试对教育有什么影响？（open question)
Some people think examinations are second to none, but some think examinations have a lot of disadvantages. Examinations leave us an open essential question --- what influence do examinations exert on education?
1、他不但是位出色的银行家和公认的贸易专家，而且还是位经验丰富的企
业主管。(not to mention) 、
He is an experienced banker and an acknowledged trade expert, not to mention an excellent managing director.
2、意大利一个和平组织的志愿者不顾危险，已开赴伊拉克首都巴革达组成
人体盾牌""body shield" ，以阻止美国轰炸该地。(regardless of) Regardless of danger, volunteers from an Italian organization for peace have gone to Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, to form a "body shield" for the purpose of preventing the US from bombing the place.
3、在这个家庭里，没有人比朱蒂更能致力于经营房地生意。(be dedicated
to)
Nobody in the family is more dedicated to operating the real estate business than Judy.
4、由于经济不景气，房地产经纪人正处于或降低房价或减少销售量的两难
境地. (dilemma)
Because of the economic depression, real estate agents are in the dilemma of whether to lower prices or let sales fall off.
5、史密斯先生往往靠慎重投资而获取巨额利润。(more often than not) More often than not, Mr. Smith earns great profits by careful investment of his capital.
6、约翰在学校里各门功课的成绩都不怎么样，但在体育方面倒是身手不
凡。(excel at)
John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school, but he excelled at sports.
7、有条不紊的职责交接是家庭企业长期繁荣的一个条件。(transition; long
range )
Ordrly transition of responsibilities is a condition for the long-range prosperity of a family business.
8、在制定投资计划之前，你最好对投资前景有个清楚的了解。(have a clear
picture of )
You had better have a clear picture of prospects before formulating a plan for investment.
9、尽管雕塑费时，但是仍有一些人以雕塑为职业。(time consuming) Although sculpture is a time-consuming art, there are still some people following it as
a profession.
10、这家电脑软件公司正处于从独资经营到合资经营的转化过程中。(in
the midst of )
The software company is in the midst of being transformed from an individual proprietorship to a joint venture。
1、汽车诞生后发展很快，不久就代替了马。（displace）
The automobile was improved very rapidly after it was invented and soon displaced horses.
2.由于汽车污染环境并严重伤害人体，甚至杀人，我们可能不得不削减私人拥有汽车的数量而更多地依赖公共交通系统。(mass transit systems)
We may have to cut down on the number of privately owned cars and depend more on public mass transit systems because cars pollute and maim or even kill people.
3.汽车给我们带来了更好、更为便利的交通时，它也应对诸如空气污染、交通事故、交通拥挤之类的许多问题负责。(be guilty of)
While wheels (automobiles) have brought with them better or more convenient transportation, they are guilty of many sins, such as air pollution, traffic accidents and traffic congestion.
4. 美国人对汽车的热爱以及他们较大的工作流动性时出了名的。(be noted for) Americans are noted for their love for cars and great job mobility.
5. 要是燃料质量和效率的提高和技术的进步能大大减少汽车的排放量，那该多好啊。(if only) If only advances in fuel quality and efficiency and in technology would radically reduce the emissions from automobiles.
6. 在美国，高度发达的公路网使在各地之间来来往往成为可能。(from coast to coast)
A highly developed highway network has made possible the easy movement from coast to coast in the United States.
7. 一想到这条林荫大道的建设速度，参观者都感到很吃惊：这条路不久前还在开挖及铺设排水管。(the very thought of , tear up)
The very thought of the speed at which the beautiful avenue was constructed electrified every visitor; the road had only recently been torn up to lay drain-pipes not long ago.
8. 环境保护主义者严厉谴责了汽车，认为汽车是产生空气污染的主要因素。(denounce) Environmentalists have denounced automobiles, believing they are a major factor in the production of dirty air.
9. 由于有便利的公共交通，在大都市的市郊，许多新建的住宅群拔地而起。(rise up, complex) Many new residential complexes have risen up in the suburbs of metropolitan cities because of the availability of convenient public transportation.
10. 尽管非常喜欢汽车，许多人还是相信广泛地使用公共交通系统能缓解交通拥挤。(lend credence to)
Despite their love for cars, many people lend credence to the extensive use of the public transport system, which can cut down on traffic congestion.
1、一些职业观察家认为，现在的年轻人不再对政治和事业感兴趣；它们越来越关注与它们自身关系更为密切的问题。(preoccupied with)
Some professional observers believe that young people today are no longer interested in politics and causes, but rather, have become increasingly preoccupied with issues closer to themselves.
２、一个妇女所获得的教育程度越高，就越有可能走出小家庭这个环境，到社会上去实现自我。(be likely to, realize oneself)
The higher a woman’s educational attainment, the more likely she is to go out of the private setting of the nuclear family and to realize herself in the community.
３、就我而言，一些已婚夫妇作出选择不要小孩的真正原因是他们非常自恋，以至于他们没有多余的爱给别人。(start a family, lie behind, have no margin of, spare)
As far as I am concerned, what really lies behind the decision of some married couples not to start a family is that they are so narcissistic and have no margin of love to spare others.
４、这家公司甚至在未征求发明人同意的情况下，就将其一项注册过的新发明投放市场。这一行为违反了专利法。(go against)
The company put on the market a registered invention even without asking the inventor’s permission, which goes against the patent law.
５、在一些国家的敦促下，联合国对该国施加压力，迫使其放弃研制使用核武器。(pressure sb. to do)
Urged by some other countries, the United Nations has pressured the country to give up developing and using nuclear weapons.
6、按照每个会员必须是无子女的这一规定，怀特先生及其太太只好退出Non-Parent协会，因为他们很快就要当父母了。(alternative, parenthood) According to the rule that every member should remain childless, Mr. And Ms white have no alternative but to withdraw from the Non-Parent Association, for they will attain parenthood soon.７、他期望通过上演一部肥皂剧来揭示现实生活所固有的复杂性。(Implicit)
He expects to reveal, by presenting a soap opera, the complexity implicit in real life.
８、几乎在每个国家，嗜用麻醉品、酗酒和摧残儿童都有变为最令人思的社会问题的趋势。(loom as)
In virtually every country, drug abuse, alcohol abuse and child abuse loon as most challenging social problems.
９、在接受采访时，这些老年人合理地解释了为什么会对当今青年人产生矛盾心理的原因。(be ambivalent about, rationalize)
When interviewed, these elderly people rationalized why they were ambivalent about today’s young people.
１０、不少大学生更关心怎样在毕业后谋得一份报酬优厚的工作，怎样在这个充满竞争的社会里迅速得到提升(be concerned with)
Many college students are far more concerned with how to get a highly-paid job on graduation and how to receive a quick promotion in the competitive society.
Unit5
1、总的来说，人变得越来越有同情心；不少家庭收养了来自市孤儿院的孤儿。(take in, orphanage)
Generally, people have become more compassionate and quite a few families have taken in an orphan from the municipal orphanage.
2、一个有工作的女人既要照顾她的孩子和老人,又要设法保有这份工作,是一件非常困难的事情。(hold down, held down)
It is a demanding task for a workingwoman to look after her parents and her children while holding down a job.
3.起初,我们对他们初次在异国他乡生活感到担忧,但是结果他们在那个国家生活相当不错。(work out)
At first we were worried about their first stay in a foreign country but things there worked out much better for them.。
4.今天，中年人的孩子比他们父母的孩子要少得多；40年后人口老化问题可能成为他们孩子的沉重负担。(weigh on)
Today's middle-aged people have fewer children than their parents did and the aging population problem may weigh on them in about 40 years.
5.希望目前教育改革能为学生更好迎接社会挑战作好准备? (set up)
.It is hoped that the current reform in education will better set students up to meet the challenges from society.
6.政府想把一部分健康护理负担转嫁给个人；但是家庭成员并不总是有空的,因为他们不能离开工作来照顾生病的老人。(break away from)
The government intends to transfer some of the health-care burden to the individual family but family members are not always available for the task because they cannot break away from their jobs to look after the sick elderly.
7.对养老院床位需求越来越大,我们不得不想尽办法腾出床位。(free up)
There is an increasing demand for beds in the nursing home, and we have to try every possible means to free them up.
8.随着该国老年人日益增多,为医疗保健和养老金提供资金可能使政府感到恐惧。(scare the devil out of)
With the large elderly population in this country, financing of health care and pensions could care the devil out of the government.
9.这对年轻夫妇不得不作出牺牲,以避免使他们年迈的慈父伤心。(let down)
The young couple has to make some sacrifice to avoid letting their old beloved father down. 10.他们在照顾年迈多病的老父所经历的一切使他们更具有同情心并向养老院捐了款。(go through)
What they had gone through in looking after their sick old father made them more compassionate, and they made a donation to the nursing home
Arnold Toynbee has said that all progress, all development come from a challenge and a consequent response. Without challenge there is no response, no development, no freedom. So first we owe to our children the most demanding, challenging curriculum that is within their capabilities.
2.德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。没有挑战就没有反应，
没有发展，没有自由。所以，我们首先应该在我们孩子的能力允许的范围内为他们开设最严格最富有挑战性的课程。
long-distance education long-distance education, It is called network education in the file that released by department of education has introduced some , or called contemporary and long-range education network education. It refers to the use of TV and the Internet and other media teaching mode, the remote education is a very popular teaching model, because it broke through the time and space boundaries, accommodation in the school is different from the traditional teaching mode. Using this kind of teaching model of students, do not need to a specific location, anywhere. Students can also through television and radio, Internet, coaching line, a variety of different methods, such as mutual learning. Online learning has superior side, there are also some disadvantages. Learners can not adapt to the network teaching mode. Network education lack of interactivity and authenticity. On the BBS of the remote education, many netizens agree that network education's biggest drawback is the lack of interactivity and authenticity. In network education, between students and students, between students and the teacher only through BBS, E-mail or other network communication tools to communicate, people had built up a relationship is a kind of virtual environment of interpersonal relationships, interpersonal communication gradually from direct to indirect, from the diversification to the simplification, lost the traditional relationship between university students directly group consciousness gradually indifference. Education of students by this way, the collective idea and the spirit of solidarity and collaboration as generally traditional college students, is not conducive to the development of individuals and society.
辽宁省五校2018届高三英语上学期期末考试试题 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分^满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.15. C. ￡9.18. 答案是B。 1. What does the man like about the play? A. The story. B. The ending. C. The actor. 2. Which place are the speakers trying to find? A. A hotel. B. A bank. C. A restaurant. 3. At what time will the two speakers meet? A. 5:20. B. 5:10. C. 4:40. 4. What will the man do? A. Change the plan. B. Wait for a phone call. C. Sort things out. 5. What does the woman want to do? A. See a film with the man. B. Offer the man some help. C. Listen to some great music. 第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. Where is Ben?
Unit 2 Text A 1.Why won’t oil prices rise at all over the long time? Firstly, because producers need the cash from oil too much to let their supply be interrupted for long. Secondly，and more important, because demand growth can't push prices upward as long as it is balanced by supply growth. 2.Why can’t the members of the OPEC raise oil prices? Because if they do，non-OPEC sources will grab market share by developing fields where technology has made production affordable. 3.Why have most majors cut their costs on oil? Because technology lets the companies maintain healthy earnings at steadily lower oil prices. 4.Who takes a lead in the oil companies? Those that master technology and efficiency, such as Shell, Exxon, and British Petroleum. 1. In the first year of peace, Lebanon’s GDP soared by almost 40%. A. flew B. hovereed C increased D. decreased 2. SAIC’s previous skirmishes with investigators had attracted little attention. A. conflicts B. struggles C. skates D. arguments 3. The boy grabbed hold of my bag and disappeared quickly into the crowd. A. seized B. snapped C. snatched D. sneaked 4. Although Chicago has fared better than some cities, unemployment remains a problem. A. got on B. charged C. offered jobs D. provided welfare 5. The dwarfs were devastated, because they could not figure out how to save Snow White this time. A. calculate B. rate C. consider D. decide 6. His distrust of the power of critics made him ready to gibe at Divid Sylvester. A. laugh B. ridicule C. susceptible D. harmful 7. Children are most vulnerable to abuse within their own home. B. sensible C. susceptible D. harmful more persuasively. A. Rather than B. Other than C. Less than D. Short for Text B 1. It snakes in and out of ports, along our busiest highways and through our most crowded cities. A. sneaks B. jerks C. crawls D. travels 2. She adjusted her glasses and peered at the man. A. gaped B. gazed C. glared D. ogle 3. Southeast winds nudged the oil slick onto the shore.
2011-2012学年度第一学期高三年级 英语试题 第一部分英语知识运用(共四节,满分55分) 第一节语音知识(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出所给单词的正确读音,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。、 1. loose A. present B. usual C. usage D. rose 2. south A. courage B. soup C. southern D. trousers 3. official A. concert B. ocean C. coast D. century 4. steam A. hear B. nearly C. mean D. heart 5．judge A．museum B. husband C．true D. huge 第二节情景对话(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 根据对话情景和内容,从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有两个为多余选项。 A: Any good news? B: Not really. 6 So I was left behind after school yesterday. A: 7 B: Sometimes I do. The day before yesterday, I was quiet in my history class but I still had to stay after school. A: 8 B: Because I fell asleep. But it wasn’t m y fault. 9 A: I advise you to take school more seriously. If you don’t pass your exam, you will have to drop out and work as a result; B: 10 If I have a job, I have to do dull work every day. But now I am in school, I must listen to dull teachers every day. A: Something must be wrong with you. Go to the psychologist first. A: You are lazy. B: I don’t understand. C: You made your teacher angry. D: Better keep quiet in class. E: The lesson is dull. F: I don’t think it makes much difference. G: I was talking without being asked in class. 第三节语法和词汇知识(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分) 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 11.The CEO needs an assistant with ____ little knowledge of German and ___ experience in administrative management. A. the, an B.the, / C. a, an D. a, / 12. Many houses were destroyed in the heavy rain. They should get them _____. A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. repair 13. Allow children to voice their opinions, ____ they are different from your own.
2015 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题Section 1 Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Though not biologically related, friends are as related as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a study published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has 2 . The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both 5 .While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin. The study 9 found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain, for now. 10 Perhaps, as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that 12 us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 than nal kinship of being friends with 14 !One of the remarkable
期期末测试题 Ⅰ、Translate The Following Terms Into Chinese 、 1、entity concept 主题概念 2、depreciation折旧 3、double entry system 4、inventories 5、stable monetary unit 6、opening balance 7、current asset 8、financial report 9、prepaid expense 10、internal control 11、cash flow statement 12、cash basis 13、tangible fixed asset 14、managerial accounting 15、current liability 16、internal control 17、sales return and allowance 18、financial position 19、balance sheet 20、direct write-off method Ⅱ、Translate The Following Sentences Into Chinese 、 1、Accounting is often described as an information system、It is the system that measures business activities, processes into reports and communicates these findings to decision makers、 2、The primary users of financial information are investors and creditors、Secondary users include the public, government regulatory agencies, employees, customers, suppliers, industry groups, labor unions, other companies, and academic researchers、 3、There are two sources of assets、One is liabilities and the other is owner’s equity、Liabilities are obligations of an entity arising from past transactions or events, the settlement of which may result in the transfer or use of assets or services in the future、 资产有两个来源，一个就是负债，另一个就是所有者权益。负债就是由过去得交易或事件产生得实体得义务，其结算可能导致未来资产或服务得转让或使用。 4、Accounting elements are basic classification of accounting practices、They are essential units to present the financial position and operating result of an entity、In China, we have six groups of accounting elements、They are assets, liabilities, owner’s equity, revenue, expense and profit (income)、会计要素就是会计实践得基础分类。它们就是保护财务状况与实体经营
广东省清远市清城区高三第一学期期末统考（B）卷 英语试题 (本卷满分150分，时间120分钟) 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man want to do? A．Fly a kite． B．Go to the park． C．Play on the Internet． 2．What will the girl buy this evening? A．Sunglasses． B．A scarf．C．Gloves． 3．What does the man suggest the woman do? A．Take a taxi．B．Walk to the hotel．C．Ask someone else for help．4．Who is probably the woman? A．A hotel clerk．B．A police officer．C．The man's wife． 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A birthday party．B．New Year's gifts．C．The man's parents． 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the party for? A．A birthday． B．A graduation ceremony．C．A wedding． 7．Where does the man’s cousin 1ive now?
2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解 Section I Use of English 1、【答案】C.Few【试题考点】词义辨析和上下文语境 【解析】此题词义辨析和上下文语境。首句为主题句：今天，我们生活在一个GPS系统，数字地图和其他导航应用程序都在我们的智能手机上唾手可得的世界。空格所在句指出：我们中_____在没有电话，个人GPS或其他导航工具的情况下直接走进树林。本句有without 与few构成双重否定表肯定，根据语义应该填入few(几乎没有人)，符合文意。 2、【答案】C.run【试题考点】词组搭配 【解析】此题考查词组搭配。run on battery表示手机用电池发动，运行。其他选项：Put on(穿上;使运转);take on(承担;呈现);come on(快点;开始)，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[C] run。 3、【答案】B.If【试题考点】逻辑关系 【解析】此题考查逻辑关系。空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。此处为假设的情况，故填入if(如果)符合上下文的表达。其余选项：Since(因为;自从),though(虽然),until(直到)带入后，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[B]If。 4、【答案】D.literally【试题考点】词义辨析 【解析】空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。此处literally表示确实地，真正地，带入原文语义通顺：你的确找不到北方。其余选项：Formally(正式地)，relatively(相对地)，gradually(逐渐地)带入后，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[D]literally. 5、【答案】A.back【试题考点】词义辨析和上下文语境 【解析】空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。前文讲lost(迷路)，此处填入back(回到)文明之地相互呼应，故正确答案为[A]back。 6、【答案】[B]off【试题考点】词义辨析和词组搭配 【解析】此处考察词义辨析和词组搭配。空格所在句的句意为：当你____路径，但不是完全______的区域，你需要回答两个问题：在这个特殊区域，哪儿条路是下坡?哪儿里有最
.. ;.. 一．中古英语时期 Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and the most important specimen (范例、典范)of Anglo-Saxon literature, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language. The romance is a popular literary form in the medieval period（中世纪）. It uses verse or prose to sing knightly a dventures or other heroic deeds. Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the greatest English poets, whose masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,was one of the most important influences on the development of English literature. Chaucer is considered as the father of English poetry and the founder of English realism. 二．文艺复兴Renaissance Renaissance r efers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It marks a transition(过渡) from the medieval to the modern world. It started in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture（雕塑）and literature, and then spread to the rest of Europe. Humanism is the essence of Renaissance -----Man is the measure of all things. This was England’s Golden Age in literature. Queen Elizabeth r eigned over the country in this period. The real mainstream of the English Renaissance i s the Elizabethan drama. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance E ngland are Christopher Marlowe and W illiam Shakespeare. The greatest of the pioneers of English drama was Christopher Marlowe. Francis Bacon was the best known essayist of this period. “Of Studies” is the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays. Thomas More ——Utopia Edmund Spenser——The Faerie Queene 相关练习 1. Which is the oldest poem in the English language? A. Utopia B. Faerie Queene C. Beowulf D. Hamlet 2. _____ is the father of English poetry. A. Edmund Spenser B. William Shakespeare C. Francis Bacon D. Geoffrey Chaucer 3. ____ is not a playwright during the Renaissance period on England. A. William Shakespeare B. Geoffrey Chaucer C. Christopher Marlowe D. Ben Johnson 三．莎士比亚William Shakespeare “All t he world 's a stage, a nd all the men and women merely p layers.”——William Shakespeare William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright in the world and the finest poet who has written in the English language. Shakespeare understood people more than any other writers. He could create characters that have
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A. some modern women prefer a life of individual freedom. B. the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day Europe. C. some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonely. D. Most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable. 5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To review the impact of women becoming high earners. B. To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism. C. To examine the trend of young people living alone. D. To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships. Passage Two American dramas and sitcoms would have been candidates for prime time several years ago. But those programs －though some remain popular －increasingly occupy fringe times slots on foreign networks. Instead, a growing number of shows produced by local broadcasters are on the air at the best times. The shift counters longstanding assumptions that TV shows produced in the United States would continue to overshadow locally produced shows from Singapore to Sicily. The changes are coming at a time when the influence of the United States on international affairs has annoyed friends and foes alike, and some people are expressing relief that at least on television American culture is no longer quite the force it once was. “There has always been a concern that the image of the world would be shaped too much by American culture,” said Dr. Jo Groebek, director general of the European Institu te for the Media, a non-profit group. Given the choice, he adds, foreign viewers often prefer homegrown shows that better reflect local tastes, cultures and historical events. Unlike in the United States, commercial broadcasting in most regions of the world －including Asia, Europe, and a lesser extent Latin America, which has a long history of commercial TV －is a relatively recent development. A majority of broadcasters in many countries were either state-owned or state-subsidized for much of the last century. Governments began to relax their control in the 1980’s by privatizing national broadcasters and granting licenses to dozens of new commercial networks. The rise of cable and satellite pay-television increased the spectrum of channels. Relatively inexperienced and often financed on a shoestring, these new commercial stations needed hours of programming fast. The cheapest and easiest way to fill airtime was to buy shows from American studios, and the bidding wars for popular shows were fierce. The big American studios took advantage of that demand by raising prices and forcing foreign broadcasters to buy less popular programs if they wanted access to the best-selling shows and movies. “The studio priced themselves out of prime time,” said Harry Evans Sloan, chairman of SBS Broadcasting, a Pan-European broadcaster. Mr. Sloan estimates that over the last decade, the price of American programs has increased fivefold even as the international ratings for these shows have declined. American broadcasters are still the biggest buyers of American-made television shows, accounting for 90% of the $25 billion in 2001 sales. But international sales which totaled $2.5 billion last year often make the difference between a profit and a loss on show. As the pace of foreign sales slows －the market is now growing at 5% a year, down from the double-digit growth of the 1990’s －studio executives are rethinking production costs. 6. Which of the following best characterizes the image embodied in American shows? A. Self-contradictory B. Prejudice-free C. Culture-loaded D. Audience-targeted 7. The intervention of governments in the 1980’s resulted in __________ . A. the patenting of domination shows and movies B. the emergence of new commercial networks C. the promotion of cable and satellite pay-television D. the intense competition coming from the outside 8. The phrase “on a shoestring” (Para. 6) most probably means __________. A. in need of capital B. after a fashion C. on second thoughts D. in the interests of themselves 9. The main reason why American dramas and sitcoms are driven out of prime time is that ____. A. they lose competitiveness B. they are not market-oriented C. they are too much priced D. they fall short of audience expectations 10. American studio producers will give thought to production costs __________. A. if they have no access to popular shows B. because their endeavors come to no avail C. since bidding wars are no longer fierce D. as international sales pace slows down Passage Three How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales 1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (th at is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy. 2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying. 3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.