阅读理解精讲精炼09
36.
Having good etiquette(礼节) at the workplace is very important to be a favorite in an office. However, it's observed that many people aren't aware of the workplace etiquette and this creates a very bad impression in the office. So it's important to know some workplace etiquette tips.
Among all the workplace etiquette guidelines，the most important is to be punctual to your office. Though going late due to an emergency is okay, habitual late comers are never appreciated in any organization. By arriving at your office on time, you show that you're aware of your responsibilities and have respect for the organization. In case you feel that you would be late, call the concerned authority and report the matter to him or her.
Also, a proper knowledge of the workplace email etiquette is a must. In the official emails, you need to mention the subject concisely(简洁地），while at the same time include all the important details which are to be shared. You should use good and grammatically correct language while writing emails.
A knowledge of telephone etiquette in the workplace is very important as well. While talking on the telephone, be polite and listen to what they're saying carefully. Only then should you say what you feel. Speak in a voice which would be heard clearly at the other end.
The workplace guidelines are important even while you're dining or celebrating with your co-workers. If you get a call in between, receive it after you're permitted by the others by saying "excuse me". Don't talk loudly while eating. Greet people well and try to make them feel comfortable while being in your company.
These guidelines will help you become the best employee of a company. All the best!
56. The intended readers of the passage are_______．
A. managers in charge of a company
B. students of a business class
C. people who are out of work
D. general readers
57. Why should you try to be punctual?
A. To prove you are not a habitual late comer.
B. To respect the rules of the organization.
C. To show that you are a responsible worker.
D. To win other workers' respect.
58. How should you write an official email?
A. Write the subject clearly and simply.
B. Include all the details in the email.
C. Make the language as beautiful as possible.
D. Make emails as brief as possible.
59. Which of the following is considered NOT acceptable about making phone calls?
A. Using polite languages.
B. Listening with patience and care.
C. Speaking clearly.
D. Answering a call in a loud voice.
60. In the writer's opinion, workplace etiquette＿
A. is easy to master
B. is considered important by all employees
C. can be helpful in doing your work well
D. will bring you good luck and good salaries
答案与解析：
语篇解读：本文主要介绍一些工作中需要注意的礼节。
56. D. 推理判断题。根据文章首尾段可推断不管是任务人，只要是参加了工作，就有必要掌
握一些工作上的礼节，即文章针对大众读者而写，故选D项。
57. C. 细节理解题。根据第二段“you show that you’re aware of your responsibilities
and have respect for the organization.”可判断，上班准时可显示出你的责任感，故选C项。
58. A. 细节理解题。根据第三段“In the official e-mails, you need to mention the
subject concisely(简练).”可判断选A项。
59. D. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Speak in a voice which would be heard clearly at the
other end.”可知打电话时不需太大声，对话能清楚地听到则可，故选D项。
60. C. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“These guidelines will help you become the best
employee of a company”可判断，工作礼节有助于做好工作，故选C项。
37.
Farmers are being told more needs to be done to stop them injuring at work. One in five British workplace deaths happens in agriculture even though farmers are only a small part of the working population. During the year 2010/11 there were 1,061 injuries in total and it is thought many more go unreported.
Jim Chapman from Warwickshire had his arm torn off by farm machinery seven years ago when he was 23. “You don't realize how much you rely on your second arm until it's gone,” he said. He fe ll against a PTO shaft(传动轴），a spinning metal bar at the back of a tractor. “It catapulted(猛力掷出）me from one side of the machine to the other,” he said. “I landed on the floor, minus all my clothing. My left arm had been ripped off.” He admits that the machi nery was missing part of its proper safety guard. “But again,” he added, “it was a rushed day. There were a few machines that didn't work. Also, I was getting behind with the jobs.”
Over the last 10 years, other industries that you'd think of as dangerous, like building or quarrying(矿采），have lowered the number of workplace deaths and injuries. In the farming industry though, deaths remain high with 34 deaths in 2010/11．Judith Hackitt, the chair of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) says it is "not accep table" that the accident statistics for farming are still high. “People in farming don't have minor(较小的）injuries. When they get injured, it's bad.” she said. “When I said to the National Farmers’ Union(NFU) that if I had sons I would not want them to work in agriculture, it really made them sit up and take notice.” There's a whole host of reasons why farming is as dangerous as it is. It is a very rough industry. Also, it's often because people are left alone. They could be young and inexperienced, or older people, who would have retired maybe five or 10 years ago in other industries.
Jim wants others to learn from his experience. “Look at what you're doing before you go running in,” he said. “You could make a mistake that you'll live with for the rest of you r life.”
61. Jim Chapman was injured in the workplace mainly because ＿___
A. he crossed the machinery
B. the safety guard of the machinery was gone
C. he was standing at the back of the tractor
D. he didn't notice the PTO shaft
62. In British farming industry,______.
A. farmers take up a large part of working population
B. the number of injuries is bigger than what the public know
C. old machinery was not replaced in time
D. being a farmer is the most dangerous
63．Judith thought＿were (was) not acceptable.
A. the injuries of farmers
B．the high deaths for farming
C. her son's hope to work in agriculture
D. farmers' retiring 5 or 10 years later
64. The underlined phrase `ripped off" in paragraph 2 probably means“＿”
A. turned off
B. got off
C. worn off
D. torn off
65. From the whole text, we can see that Jim feels
A. regretful
B. angry
C. shocked
D. confused
答案与解析：
语篇解读：本文主要介绍英国农民工在做事时的受伤现象。
61. B. 细节理解题。根据第二段“He admits that the machinery was missing part of its
proper safety guard.”可判断Jim Chapman受伤是因为机器的防护装置的脱落，故选B 项。
62. B. 细节理解题。根据第一段“During the year 2010/11 there were 1,061 injuries in
total and it is thought many more go unreported.”可推断英国农民实际受伤人数比所报道的受伤人数要多，故选B项。
63. B. 细节理解题。根据第四段“When I said to the National Farmers’ Union(NFU) that
if I had sons I would not want them to work in agriculture”可知Judith不会让
她儿子从事农业方面的工作，故选B项。
64. D. 词义猜测题。根据第二段“Jim Chapman from Warwickshire had his arm torn off
by farm machinery seven years ago when he was 23.”可推断划线部分应意为“torn off”，故选D项。
65. A. 推理判断题。根据最后一段Jim的讲话可推断他为自己的受伤感到遗憾，故选A项。
38.
Several animal species including gorillas in Rwanda and tigers in Bangladesh could risk extinction if the impact of climate change and extreme weather on their habitats is not addressed, a UN report showed on Sunday.
Launched on the sidelines of global climate negotiations in Durban, the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization shows how higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation and excessive land use have damaged the habitats of certain species, especially in Africa.
"Many ecosystems have already been stressed by increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, unsustainable management practices and even invasive species," Eduardo Rojas-Briales, assistant director general at the FAO's forestry department, said at the launch of the report.
The most affected areas include mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats.
"The remaining populations become enclosed in very small ecosystems, they have inbreeding （近亲交配）problems ... and at the end these species may disappear," he added.
Other examples of affected animals included elephants in Mali, lions in the Serengeti and crocodiles in Malawi.
The report said an estimated 20-30 percent of plant and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming and a significant proportion of endemic species may become extinct by 2050 as a consequence.
Other consequences could include the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases, it said.
The report urges more focus on restoration of damaged ecosystems, especially those key to tackling （应对）climate change such as mangroves（红树林）, inland waters, forests, savannahs（非洲大草原） and grasslands.
The FAO also called for the creation of migration corridors for animals in areas where their movement was constrained.
The organization said while more resources were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed.
It also urged local communities to develop projects that mitigate the impact of climate change on wildlife, naming eco-tourism activities as an example.
56. Why are mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas becoming the most affected
areas, according to the passage?
A. Because animals there are more likely to migrate to other places and create
new habitats.
B. Because of higher temperatures and the rise in sea levels there.
C. Because it is less possible for animals to move to other places and create
new habitats.
D. Because of the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases.
57. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Making something become less serious.
B. Making use of.
C. Developing.
D. Moving from one place to another.
58. All of the following are true EXCEPT “”.
A. The increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, unsustainable
management practices and even invasive species have put great pressure on the ecosystem.
B. We should pay more attention to the restoration of damaged ecosystems
C. All the plants and animal species will be at higher risk of distinction due
to global warming by 2050.
D. For animals living in areas where their movements were limited, we should create
more corridors for them.
59. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. There are no resources available to conserve the biodiversity.
B. It is the local communities rather than the government that should take measures
to protect the species from extinction.
C. It is better for the local communities to restrict eco-tourism activities.
D. The government should take some measures and some policies should be made to
protect the biodiversity though more sources were being used for it.
60. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Animals at risk
B. Global warming and its consequences
C. Solutions to animal distinction
D. Animals at risk due to climate change
语篇解读：气候变化对野生物带来极大的影响，因为有必要采取措施减轻气候变化。
56. C. 细节理解题。根据第四段“The most affected areas include mountains, isolate d
islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats.”可判断选C项。
57. A. 词义猜测题。要求当地发展项目来减轻气候变化对野生物的影响，由此可推断划线词
应意为“使某事物变得更不严重”，故选A项。
58. C. 细节理解题。C项内容与文中“The report said an estimated 20-30 percent of plant
and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming and
a significant proportion of endemic species may become extinct by 2050 as a
consequence”不相符合，故选C项。
59. D. 推理判断题。根据“The organization said while more resources were flo wing to
biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed.”可判断D项正确。
60. D. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍气候变化给野生活带来面临灭绝的影响，故正确答案选D
项。
39.
Holding a cell phone against your ear or storing it in your pocket may be dangerous to your health. This explains a warning that cell phone manufacturers include in the small print that is often ignored when a new phone is purchased. Apple, for example, doesn’t want iPhones to come closer to you than 1.5 centimeters; Research In Motion, BlackBerry’s manuf acturer, recommends 2.5 centimeters.
If health issues arise from cell phone use, the possible effects are huge. Voice calls - Americans chat on cell phones 2.26 trillion(万亿)minutes annually - earn $109 billion for the wireless carriers.
Devra Davis, an expert who has worked for the University of Pittsburgh, has published a book about cell phone radiation, “Disconnect.” The book surveys scientific research and concludes the question is not settled.
Brain cancer is a concern that Ms. Davis examines. Over all, there has not been an increase in its incidence since cell phones arrived. But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in the 20-to-29 age group and a drop for the older population.
“Most cancers have multiple causes,” she says, but she points to l aboratory research that suggests low-energy radiation could damage cells that could possibly lead to cancer.
Children are more vulnerable（易受伤的）to radiation than adults, Ms. Davis and other scientists point out. Radiation that penetrates only five centimeters into the brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid（易吸收的液体）. No studies have yet been completed on cell phone radiation and children, she says.
Henry Lai, a research professor in the bioengineering department at the University of Washington, began laboratory radiation studies in 1980 and found that rats exposed to radiation had damaged DNA in their brains.
Ms. Davis recommends using wired headsets or the phone’s speaker. Children should
text rather than call, she said, and pregnant women should keep phones away from the abdomen（腹部）.
66. Why is the warning in the small print?
A. They don’t want the users to pay attention to it.
B. There is not enough space for the warning.
C. They think people will not care about it.
D. The warning is not important at all.
67. According to Ms Davis, brain cancer increase ____.
A. among children
B. among old people
C. in the twenties
D. among pregnant women
68. Why do children easily be affected by radiation?
A. Because they haven’t grown up.
B. Because they are too young to protect themselves.
C. Because they use cell phones more often than adults.
D. Because their skulls are thinner and their brains are easily hurt.
69. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A. Pregnant women should keep cell phones away.
B. People should use cell phones in the correct way.
C. If you are a child, you’d better text than make phone calls.
D. When y ou use a cell phone, use a wired headset or the phone’s speaker.
70. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Be careful when using cell phones.
B. Don’t hold your cell phone against your ear.
C. Rats exposed to radiation have damaged DNA in their brains.
D. Low-energy radiation could damage cells that could lead to cancer.
语篇解读：使用手机会带来辐射的负影响，因此需要正确使用手机。
66. A. 细节理解题。根据第一段“This explains a warning that cell phone manufacturers
include in the small print that is often ignored when a new phone i s purchased.”
可推断厂商不想让顾客注意到它而将警示语印得极小，故选A项。
67. C. 细节理解题。根据第四段“But the average masks an increase in brain cancer in
the 20-to-29 age group and a drop for the older population”可脑癌主要发生在20多岁的时候，故选C项。
68. D. 细节理解题。根据“Radiation that penetrates only five centimet ers into the
brain of an adult will reach much deeper into the brains of children because their skulls are thinner and their brains contain more absorptive fluid（易吸收的液体）”可知，小孩更容易受辐射的影响是因为他们的头骨更薄，大脑更容易受伤，故选D 项。
69. B. 推理判断题。最后一段“Ms. Davis recommends using wired headsets or the phone’s
speaker. Children should text rather than call, she said, and pregnant women should keep phones away from the abdomen”所讲述的都是一些正确使用手机以防止辐射的影响的方法，由此判断选B项。
70. A. 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍使用手机的负作用，最后警示人们要正确使用手机。因此
A项更能说明全文的主旨，而其它三项只是文中的细节内容，故选A项。
高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。
3．对症下药，各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的问题简单看一遍，弄懂题意，然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是为某些特定的问题而阅读，因此阅读时要有较强的针对性，对与问题有关的数据，词句等仔细阅读，认真理解，同时结合不同考查内容的题型，采取如下解题对策： （1）事实询问题：这类试题通常是以疑问词what，who，when，where，why，how 等引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。 （2）推理判断题：此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思，对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系，人物的动机，以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西，不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考，切勿想当然，凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 （3）数据推算题：此题要求我们就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断，然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时，要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析，若数据信息较多，还要注意弄清数据之间的关系，同时分清有用与无用信息，最终作出正确判断。 （4）主旨大意题：此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意，因此，只要找准每段的主题句，文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。
20XX年高考英语第二轮复习经典语法讲解及试题集（02） 名词 ▲一、考点聚焦 1.可数名词单、复数变化形式 （1）规则变化。 ①单数名词词尾直接加-s。如：boy - boys, pen - pens。 ②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。如：glass - glasses,box- boxes, watch - watches, brush - brushes。 特例：stomach - stomachs ③以"辅音字母+ y"结尾的变"y"为"i"再加"-es"。如： baby - babies, lady - ladies, fly - flies。 ④以"o"结尾的多数加-es。如：tomato - tomatoes, potato - potatoes, hero - heroes。但以两个元 音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o结尾的词只加-s。 如：radio - radios, zoo - zoos, photo - photos, piano - pianos, kilo - kilos, tobacco - tobaccos。 ⑤以"f"或"fe"结尾的名词复数形式变"f"或"fe"为"v"，之后再加-es。 如：wife - wives, life - lives, knife - knives, wolf- wolves, self - selves, leaf - leaves等。 特例：handkerchief- handkerchiefs, roof - roofs, chief - chiefs, gulf - gulfs, belief - beliefs, cliff - cliffs。 ⑥改变元音字母的。如：man - men, mouse - mice, foot - feet, woman - women, tooth - teeth, goose - geese, ox - oxen。特例：child - children。 ⑦复合名词的复数形式。 （A）在复合词中最后名词尾加-s。 如：armchair - armchairs, bookcase - bookcases, bookstore - bookstores。 （B）man和woman作定语修饰另一个名词时，前后两个名词都要变成复数。 如：man doctor - men doctors, woman driver - women drivers。 （C）与介词或副词一起构成的复合名词应在主体名词部分加-s。 如：brother-in-law - brothers-in-law, passer-by - passers-by。 ⑧有的名词有两种复数形式。 如：zero - zeros 、zeroes; penny的两种复数形式含义有所不同：pence（便士的钱数），pennies(便士的枚数)。 （2）不规则变化。 ①单、复数同形。 如：means, aircraft, deer, fish, Chinese,Japanese, sheep, works（工厂）,cattle。 ②合成名词的复数。 如：boy-friend - boy-friends, go-between- go-betweens(中间人)，grown-up - grown-ups。 ③有些名词通常只用作复数。 如：glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，goods货物，trousers裤子，belongings所有物,wages工资，riches财富, surroundings环境，ashes灰尘, compasses圆规，cattle家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words with sb. 同某人吵架，in high spirits 以很高热情地，give one's regards to sb.向某人问侯，in rags衣衫破烂，It is good manners to do sth.有礼貌做某事。 ④集体名词的数。有些集体名词通常只用作复数， 如：people, cattle, police; 有些名词只用作单数，如：machinery, furniture, mankind, jewellery; 有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看做整体，复数看做集体的各个成员。 如：The crew is large.船员人数很多（指整体）；The crew are all tired.船员们都累坏了（个体）。 2、不可数名词的数 （1）一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词，但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时，可用作可数名词且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：
2020届高考一轮复习语法专项十七：连词连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。 （一）并列连词： 并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and（和），as well as（既…又），both … and（不但…而且），not only … but also（不但…而且），not … but（不是…而是），neither … nor（既不…也不），either … or（不是…就是），or（或者），but （但是），yet（然而），for（因为），so（所以），while（而），when（这时）等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy（暗沉沉的）./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious（光荣的）yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot. （二）从属连词 从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有： 引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as 引导原因状语从句的：because, since, as 引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter（无论）, even if (though) 引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so (as) long as 引导结果状语从句的：so … that …, such … that … 引导目的状语从句的：so that …, in order that … 引导比较状语从句的：as … as …, not so (as) … as …, … than … 引导方式状语从句的：as if … 引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether 间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。 （三）某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别 1、当while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别：①while引导的状语从句中动词必须是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用when代替，等于“at the time that”, “during the time that”。例如：Please keep quiet while (when) others are studying；② when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于“at the time”，也就是说
【英语】高考英语总复习--英语语法填空 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A few months ________(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she ________(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, ________(explain)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. "This woman felt every bit her age." she recalled. "I don't let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I ________ (make)over the years. I'm only as old as I feel." Each of us has ________actual age, the number we celebrate on birthdays. But some 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds look and feel ________(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some ________(connect)among them. People ________a healthy lifestyle and a fortunate genetic inheritance(继承)tend ________(score) "younger" on these assessments. When scientists ask, "How old do you feel, most of the time?" the answer can reflect the state of people's physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, ________is called "subjective age". 【答案】earlier；noticed；explaining；have made；an；youthful/young；connection/connections；with；to score；which 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，有的人看起来比实际年龄小，是因为健康的生活方式，好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻，研究发现一个人的心态可以反应他的主观年龄。（1）考查形容词。根据后文的had finished过去完成时，可判断事情发生在过去之前，a few months earlier“几个月之前”，可以和过去完成时连用，故填earlier。 （2）考查时态。根系句子可知此处是从句谓语动词，此处考查固定句型had done…when(从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事突然就……，故填noticed。 （3）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the woman和explain（解释）之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填explaining。 （4）考查时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词，根据下文的over the years(在过去几年里)判断该句为现在完成时，主语为I，故填have made。 （5）考查冠词。age的可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，又actual是元音音素开头，故填an。 （6）考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为feel的表语，youth的形容词是young和youthful，故填young/youthful。 （7）考查名词。此处应填名词作为finding的宾语，connect的名词形式connection为可数名词，some可以理解为“一些/某个”，故此处可以用名词单数形式，也可用复数形式，故填connection/connections。 （8）考查介词。句意：拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人倾向于在这些评价中获得高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意表示“有”的介词是with，故填with。（9）考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth固定短语，“倾向于做某事”，故填to score。
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Yellowstone National Park is the flagship of the National Park Service and a favorite to millions of visitors each year. The park is a major destination for all members of the family. By driving the grand loop road, visitors can view the park from the comfort of their vehicle and also take a rest at one of the many roadside picnic areas. How much is the entrance fee? $25 - Private, noncommercial vehicle; $20 - Motorcycle or snowmobile (winter); $12 - Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc. This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. A $50 park annual pass provides entrance for a single private non-commercial vehicle at Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. The $10 Interagency Senior Pass (62 and older) is a lifetime pass available to U.S. citizens or permanent residents. Where can you stay? Inside Yellowstone, you can choose to stay in modern or historic hotels and cabins inside the park like the Old Faithful Inn, the world's largest log structure. For those who want to be a little closer to nature, there are 12 campgrounds with a range of services from primitive pit toilets to shower and laundry facilities. There's also RV camping with and without dumping stations. Staying outside the park gives you unique Old West experiences but still keeps you close to park attractions. If you're taking a road trip to Yellowstone, you'll want to check out our Hotels and Cabins On The Road section. （1）The entrance fees listed on the web page don't apply to _______. A. temporary residents in the USA B. vehicles involving business activities C. visitors out of a certain age range D. private motorcycles and snowmobiles （2）What are you likely to acquire in the Old Faithful Inn? A. Unique old west experiences. B. Primitive pit toilets and shower. C. Knowledge of origin of the park. D. RV camping with dumping sites. （3）Where does the passage probably come from? A. A magazine. B. A textbook. C. A notice. D. A travel guide. 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了黄石公园的门票以及可以选择的住宿及游玩的地方。 （1）考查细节理解。根据小标题“How much is the entrance fee?”下分别列出了私家非商务车入园的价格，摩托车或雪地车（冬季）入园的价格以及16岁以上的人步行、骑自行车或
（英语）高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. （1）It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol （2）What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. （3）Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. （4）Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】（1）A
高考英语二轮专题总复习语法精品复合句 怎样理解名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句？ The question is when they won the game. 表语从句 When they won the game is the question. 主语从句 I have the question when they won the game. 同位语从句 I wonder when they won the game. 宾语从句 表语、主语、同位语和宾语通常由名词充当，所以表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句统称为名词性从句。 Do you know the time when they won the game? 定语从句 定语通常由形容词充当，所以定语从句也叫形容词从句 When they won the game, I had just finished my job. 状语从句 状语通常由副词充当，所以状语从句也叫副词性从句。 结论：从句的分类是依据其在主句中的句子成分而定的。 三类从句的引导词有所不同 定语从句引导词有：疑问代词和疑问副词（但不包括what和how） 名词性从句引导词：①所有定语从句使用的引导词； ②what和how； ③少量连词：whether/if, as if/though; ④以-ever结尾的疑问词：whatever, whenever等 状语从句引导词有：①所有连词； ②以-ever结尾的疑问词：whatever, however等 定语从句引导词数量最少，状语从句引导词最多。名词性从句引导词与定语从句引导词最接近（但范围更大），状语从句引导词与定语从句引导词差别最大。状语从句引导词与名词性从句引导词有部分交叉（以-ever结尾的疑问词）。另外，when 和where是这三类从句有可以使用的公共引导词。 引导词的理解 定语从句引导词没有自己的字面意义，只有指代意义：指代先行词，也就是说引导词意义等于先行词词义；但名词性从句和状语从句引导词不同，它们都具有自
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A 1. The word “homework” in the first paragraph refers to ______. A. work that is given by teachers for students to do at home B. Websites such as https://www.doczj.com/doc/5c4023330.html, and https://www.doczj.com/doc/5c4023330.html, C. tools and suggestions offered by websites D. market research and informal research
2. The underlined sentence in the passage means that you’d better ask for a raise ______. A. when the employer has a normal pulse rate B. when the employer is in a good mood C. when the company has a good financial situation D. when the company’s practices are more flexible 3. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The employer will give you a raise because of your personal reasons. B. You should show them that you’re worthy of a salary increase. C. You can tell your boss the exact number of salary increase you want D. Schedule a meeting with your boss but don’t push too hard. 4. It can be inferred in the last paragraph that ______. A. If your boss won’t give you a raise, you’d better take fewer responsibilities. B. It is a wise way to get a raise by letting your boss know you are doing more. C. Only if you find a proper time to talk with your boss will you get a raise. D. You should schedule a meeting within a few months to discuss the matter again. B Here’s one number to keep in mind during your next cell phone conversation: 50. A new experiment shows that spending 50 minutes with an active phone pressed up to the ear increases activity in the brain. This brain activity probably doesn't make you smarter. When cell phones are on, they emit (发出) energy in the form of radiation that could be harmful, especially after years of cell phone usage. Scientists don't know yet whether cell phones are bad for the brain. Studies like this one are attempting to find it out. The 47 participants in the experiment may have looked a little strange. Each one had two Samsung cell phones attached to his or her head — one on each ear. The phone on the left ear was off. The phone on the right ear played a message for 50 minutes, but the participants couldn't hear it because the sound was off. With this set-up, the scientists could be sure they were studying brain activity from the phone itself, and not brain activity due to listening and talking during a conversation. After 50 minutes with two phones strapped to their heads, the participants were given PET scans. The PET scan showed that the left side (the side with the phone turned off) of each participant's brain hadn't changed during the experiment. The right side of the brain, however, had used more glucose, which is a type of sugar that provides fuel to brain cells. These right-side brain cells were using almost as much glucose as the brain uses when a person is talking. This suggests th at the brain cells there were active ― even without the person hearing anything. That activity, the scientists say, was probably caused by radiation from the phone. Henry Lai, who works at the University of Washington in Seattle, is uncomfortable with the data related to cell phones. Holding a cell phone to your ear during a conversation is “not really safe,” Lai told Science News. Lai is a bioengineer at the University of Washington in Seattle. He wrote an article about the new study for a journal, but he did not work on the study. Bioengineers bring together ideas from engineering and biology. For those who don't want to wait to find out for sure whether cell phones are bad for the brain, there are ways to talk more safely. You can have short and sweet conversations, use a