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2020高考英语使役动词用法总结

2020高考英语使役动词用法总结
2020高考英语使役动词用法总结

1

使役动词have, let, make (常用于复合结构)

1.have的用法

1)have +宾语+do(省略to的不定式):表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事,宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。

The rich lady had the singer eat with her servants.这位富有的女士让这位歌手和她的仆人一起吃饭。

I will have him come and help you.我会让他来帮助你的。

2)have+宾语+现在分词:表示让某人或物连续进行某动作或处于某状态中,宾语和宾补是一种主动关系。

The two cheats had the lights burning all night long.这两个骗子让灯整晚亮着。He had us waiting for him three hours yesterday.昨天他让我们一直等了他三个小时。

I have them all talking to each other in English.我鼓励他们用英语交谈。

3)have +宾语+过去分词:表示主语的主观意志,即主语让别人为自己完成某事,宾语和宾补是动宾关系,还可以表示主语遭受到来利或不测的事。

Tom said he had had his TV set repaired.汤姆修了他的电视机。(别人修的)

Tom had his wallet stolen on the bus yesterday.昨天汤姆使他的钱包被偷了。(别人偷的)4)have+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语作宾补

Please have your tickets ready.请准备好你的票。

The Emperor had nothing on.这位皇帝什么都没在做。

I am sure I’ll have him in the argument.

2. let的用法

1)let +宾语+do(省to不定式):表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事,宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。

Let them stay in the classroom and do their exercises themselves.让他们自己待在教室里做练习吧。

Let AB be equal to CD.假设AB等于CD.

2)let+宾语+副词/介词短语作宾补

Let me in and let them out.让我进来,让他们出去。

Who let you into the building?谁让你进到大楼里来的?

3. make的用法

1)make +宾语+do(省to不定式):表示主语“要”“使”“让”宾语干某事,宾语和宾补之间是一种主动关系。此结构常用被动结构。

The teacher made the naughty boy stand there for an hour.老师让这个调皮的男孩在那里站了一个小时。

The naughty boy was made to stand there for an hour.这个调皮的男孩被让在那站了一个小时。

2)make+宾语+过去分词,此结构中的宾语指人时常用到反身代词。

He raised his voice to make himself heard.他提高嗓音让自己被听到。

They will make an important plan known to the public soon.他们不久就会让公众知道这个计划。

3)make+宾语+形容词,宾语亦可是从句。The news made her happy.这个消息使她快乐。

He made it clear that he objected to the proposal.他明确表明他反对这个建议。

2

使役意义状态动词get, leave, set, send, keep, drive, etc.常用于复合结构中

1. get:使成为/变得某种状态或结果。

I can’t get the old radio to work.我无法让那旧收音机工作起来。(接带to不定式作宾补)Can you really get that old car going again?你真能让那旧车运转起来吗?

The farmer got his planting done before the rain came.那农民在雨季前完成了种植。

He got his wrist broken.他折断了手腕。(主语发生了不幸的事)

She soon got the children ready for school.她迅速使孩子们做好了上学准备。

2. leave:使保持/处于某种状态

Leave your hat and coat in the hall.把帽子和外套放在大厅里。

Did you leave the doors and windows firmly fastened?你把门窗紧紧锁上了吗?

Always leave things where you can find them again.总应把东西放在能再次找到的地方。Who left that window open?谁让窗户开着?

Don’t leave him waiting outside in the rain.别让他在外面雨中等待。

Leave somebody / something alone.不要干涉某人或某事。

3. set:使某人或某物处于或达到某种特殊的状态或关系

set somebody at his ease 使某人安逸/舒适/心情放松

set something in order 使某物井然有序

set somebody free / at liberty 使某人获得自由,释放(犯人等)

It’s time we set the machine going. 是我们发动机器的时候了。

The news set me thinking. 这消息使我陷入了沉思。

He set the farm laborer to chop wood. 他让农场工人去砍伐木材。

I have set myself to finish the job by the end of May. 我决心于五月底前完成那工作。

set a thief to catch a thief. 以毒攻毒;令贼捉贼

4. send:使某人或某物急剧地移动

The earthquake sent the crockery and cutlery crashing to the ground. 地震将杯盘刀叉震落在地上。

Mind how you go----you nearly sent me flying. 小心点,你差点将我撞飞了.

Send that fellow about his business / packing. 叫那家伙滚蛋.

The good harvest sent the prices down. 丰收使物价下跌.

5. drive:使某人处于某状态,迫使某人做某事

Failure drove him to despair / desperation. 失败使他绝望。You’ll drive me mad / to my wits’end. 你会把我气疯的。/ 你会使我穷尽应付的。

Hunger drove him to steal. = He was driven by hunger to steal.他为饥饿所迫而偷窃。

6. keep:使某人或某物保持某种状态

You should keep the children quiet. 你要使孩子们静下来。

The cold weather kept us indoors. 寒冷的天气使我们待在家里。

If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets. 如果你手冷,把它们放在口袋里。

Will they keep me in prison / custody. 他们会监禁/拘留我吗?

I’m sorry I’ve kept you waiting. 很报歉让你久等了。

The doctors managed to keep me going. 医生们设法让我活下去。

3

使役意义动态动词

1. cause 致使,导致(能接直接宾语,双宾语,复合宾语)

What caused his death? 什么导致了他的死亡?

This has caused us much anxiety. 这给我们带来了极大的忧虑。

What caused the plants to die.(=what made them die.)什么使得这些植物枯死。

He caused the prisoner to be put to death. (=he had them put to death.)他使得这些犯人被处死。

2. force 迫使,强迫(宾语后常接介词短语、副词及不定式等)

force one’s way through a crowd 从人群中挤出一条路来.

force a way in / out / through 冲入/出/过

force an entry into a building 强行进入一建筑

force the war upon him 强迫某人作战

force someone into doing something 强迫某人做某事

force sb./ oneself to work hard 迫使某人/自己努力工作

4

“半使役动词”amaze, astonish等

1. 常见的半使役动词

amaze(使某人感到惊呀), astonish(使某人感到惊奇),

bore(使某人感到厌倦), complicate(使某人感到复杂),

confuse(使某人感到迷惑), disappoint (使某人感到失望),

delight(使某人感到高兴), discourage(使某人感到气馁),

distinguish(使某人感到显著), excite (使某人感到兴奋),

encourage(使某人感到鼓舞), exhaust (使某人感到疲倦),

frighten(使某人感到恐惧), interest (使某人感到有趣),

inspire(使某人感到刺激), move(使某人感到激动),

please(使某人感到高兴), puzzle(使某人感到不解),

satisfy(使某人感到满意), surprise(使某人感到惊异),

shock(使某人感到震惊), strike (使某人感到震动),

tire(使某人感到疲惫), upset (使某人感到迷惑不解),等等。

2. 半使役动词的主动式用法:something + vt. + somebody

The exam result satisfied his parents.考试结果令他的父母很满意。The boy’s behavior upset everybody around.这个男孩的行为使周围的每个人都很沮丧。

3. 半使役动词有两个或三个派生形容词,一个加-ing,一个加-ed,有时还有一个加其他后缀构成。

如:interest----interesting, interested;astonish----astonishing, astonished;

please----pleasing, pleased, pleasant;satisfy----satisfying, satisfied, satisfactory.

4. 半使役动词的v-ing和v-ed两个分词形容词的用法也有规律,一般而言,作定语时,v-ing分词形容词修饰事物,v-ed分词形容词修饰人或者人的心理活动、表情等;作表语或宾语补足语时,v-ing分词形容词指事,v-ed分词形容词指人或拟人用法,而且作表语的v-ed分词后接事时常有一个介词,如:

The film we saw last night was very interesting.我们昨天晚上看的电影非常有趣。

We were all interested in the film.我们都对这部电影感兴趣。

The frightening hurricane made the girl very frightened.令人恐惧的飓风使这个女孩感到害怕。

The teacher was satisfied with the answer of his students.这位老师对他学生们的回答感到满意。

英语动词用法总结(完整)

英语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择动词 1.The doctor said jokingly that his own infection of the virus _____ the discovery of a vaccine (疫苗)of the disease. A.stood for B.called for C.paid for D.contributed to 【答案】D 【解析】 短语辨析。A.代表 B. 呼吁 C. 为……付出代价 D.导致。句意:医生开玩笑的说,他自己被病毒的感染导致发现了这种病毒的疫苗。故选D。 2.100.----I have been watching “I am a singer” and Gloria Tang (邓紫棋) is my favorite star. ----- Me, too. Her new album is said to be ______ next month. By then, we , fans, will buy some. A.relieved B.delivered C.produced D.released 【答案】D 【解析】D考查动词。句意:--我一直在看“我是一个歌手”而且邓紫棋是我最喜欢的明星。--我也是。她的新专辑将于下月发行。到那时,我们的粉丝们会买一些。A减轻,解除;B 递送;C产生,制造;D发行,发布。故选D。 3.Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to ________ our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago. A.sponsor B.launch C.organize D.plan 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词辨析。难度中等。 【解题思路】该句意为:两位律师捐赠了5,0000美元赞助我校“帮助贫困生”活动…… A项意为“赞助”,符合句意;B项意为“发射,开办”,C项意为“组织”,D项意为“计划”,都与句意不同。故A项正确。 4.It is beyond awkward when everyone around you ______________ laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if it’s a joke told in a foreign language. A.run into B.bursts out C.yells out D.falls into 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:考查动词短语的词义辨析。A.run into快速进入,碰撞;B. bursts out 爆发;C. yells out 大声说出来;D. falls into落入,分成。句意:当你身边的人因一个你不觉得有趣的笑话尤其是用外语来说的笑话而突然爆笑时,你是非常尴尬的。故选B。 考点:考查动词短语的词义辨析

使役动词的用法

标题句:His mother made him get a pack of sugar. 结构:使役动词的用法 所谓「使役」,就是叫人家去做事情,如: 1. 老师叫John 到办公室拿他的书 2. 爸爸叫我明天下午要洗车子 这类的动词,英文中称为「使役动词」,有make, have, let 三个。这三个动词的最大特色,也是必须注意的事项是,其后的第二个动词是用「原形动词」,不可再加to。所以前述的两个例子的英文是: 4. The teacher made/had John get his book in the office. (注:在当作「使役动词」用法中,make = have。) 5. Father makes/has me wash the car tomorrow afternoon.以上两句的使役动词均故意用不同的时态,如此可以清楚地看出其后的加黑动词仍是用「原形动词」。对于「使役动词」的用法,建议背好底下的常用句子: Let's go.(我们走吧!) 这一句不但常用,且句子很短,go 用原形动词,可突显出「使役动词+ 原形动词」的特殊用法。 容易造成混淆的其它动词:「使役动词」只有三个,特殊用法记起来就没事,但依经验显示,真正会造成学习扣分的原因,在于有些动词的对应中文意思和「使役动词」很类似,故容易和上述的「使役动词」混在一起。这些动词有want (要...;叫...) 及ask (要求...)。这两个动词后的第二个动词,并不是用原形动词,而是和其它的大多数的动词一样,是要加to 的不定词。参照底下的例句: 7. The teacher wanted John to get his book in the office. 8. Father wants me to wash the car tomorrow afternoon. 9. Mr. Wang asked them to sit there yesterday.

系动词分类用法教学总结

初中系动词总复习 定义 系动词亦称连系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语)(形容词),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 说明: 有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如: He feels ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。(feel是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。)] 分类 1)状态系动词 用来表示主语性质或状态,只有be一词,例如: He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(表示主语的身份--性质) He is ill. 他病了。(表示主语的状态) 2)持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如: He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。 3)表像系动词 用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如: He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。 4)感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如: This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。

This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。 5)变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, t urn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如: He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。 She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。 6)终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实","变成"之意,例如: The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。 His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out 表终止性结果)] 注意事项 系动词本身有一定的词义,不能单独作谓语,后面必须与表语连用。复习系动词时,必须注意以下几个问题: 1. be是最重要的系动词,主语不同,be的形式也不同,且有时态的变化。 通常表示主语的特征、状态和身份等,后面接形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、v-ing、过去分词及表语从句作表语。 特别要注意“由be+过去分词”所构成的系表结构与“由be+过去分词”所构成的被动语态的区别。 前者侧重于表示主语的特征或所处的状态,通常没有由by引导的介词短语。 如:The door was closed. 后者侧重于强调主语是谓语动词所示动作的承受者,表示动作;句中可以用由by引导的介词短语。如:The door was closed by me. 还要注意“由be+ V-ing所构成的系表结构与“由be+ V-ing”所构成的进行时态的区别。

最新使役动词的用法

make的用法make用作使役动词表示“使;使成为”时,可跟复合结构,即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”,其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。现将make的复合宾语结构小结如下: 一、“make+宾语+n.”意为“使、让某人/ 某物(成为)……”。 如:We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。 We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。 二、“make+宾语+adj.”意为“使某人/ 某事(变得)……”。如:The news that our team had won made us very happy. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。 We must make the rivers clean. 我们必须净化河水。 友情提示:当宾语是不定式短语或从句时,多用it作形式宾语。如:I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件,人人都要准时。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。 三、“make+宾语+do sth.(不带to的不定式)”意为“使某人做某事”。 如: The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天

干十二个小时的活。四、“make+宾语+V-ed(过去分词作宾补)”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作,表示被动的意思,意为“使某人/ 某事被……”。如: The good news made us excited. 这个好消息使我们兴奋。 四、“make+宾语+V-ed(过去分词作宾补)”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作,表示被动的意思,意为“使某人/ 某事被……”。如: The good news made us excited. 这个好消息使我们兴奋。 五、“make+宾语+V-ing(现在分词)”这一结构表示的意思是“使某人/ 某事一直在……”。现在分词与宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。如: He makes the boy standing all the time. 他让那个男孩一直站着。 Get的用法Get的用法很多,但在每种搭配中get的意义是不完全相同的。大多数情况下,get是及物动词,有时它也可以起到连系动词的作用。 1.get+sb(sth) 叫来某人(弄到事物)Please go and get him.去把他叫来。She got high marks in the final examination. 2. get+sb+sth / get+sth+for sb 为某人弄到事物Will you please get me a ticket for the football match?请给我弄张足球票好吗?

英语系动词用法小结

英语系动词用法小结 重庆市奉节中学何朝平 英语系动词的功能主要是把表语(名词、形容词、某些副词、非谓词、介词短语、从句)和它的主语联系在一起,说明主语的属性、特征或状态。它有自己的但不完全的词义,不能在句中独立作谓语,必须和后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语。它虽是虚词,但是其用法是复杂的,而且不可忽视。许多英语初学者会因此出现这样那样的错误,然而许多语法书却没作专门系统的介绍。因此,我们有必要小结一下英语系动词用法,以便大家参考。我想从以下四个方面归纳一下英语系动词的用法:I、常见系动词错误及其成因;II、系动词分类;III、系动词用法应注意的8个问题;IV、系动词与高考及其练习。 I、常见系动词错误及其成因: 学英语的中国学生在使用系动词时会碰到以下两个问题:一是有漏掉系动词的倾向性,因为汉语中无系动词,如: I afraid he won’t come tomorrow(am) 二是误用系动词,如: His hair changed grey .(混淆了change 与turn,grow) His hands feel coldly.(feel本身作系动词与实义动词的差别不清) 这主要是因为学生没有把英语中的系动词与实义动词的用法区分开来。二者结构区别如下表,其后所接词性不尽相同,成份也不同。

II.系动词分类: 一、根据系动词后所跟结构,我们可以把英语系动词分为两大类:完全系动词(其后只能跟表语的动词,如be, seem)和半系动词(其后既可跟表语作系动词用法,也可跟宾语或状语作实义动词用,如look) He looked sad at the news.(“看起来”,系动词用法)例如:1) He looked sadly at the boy.(“看着”,实义动词用法) He looks a clever boy .(“看起来”,系动词用法) 2) He looks at a clever boy.(“看着”,实义动词用法)在英语中,某一动词是多义词,既有实义动词用法,又有系动词用法。学生务必弄清其二者区别。切忌把二者混为一谈,这也是会考、高考常见考点。此类常见易混词有: change listen look touch ①turn ②hear ③see ④ become sound seem feel eat continue last remain ⑤⑥⑦continue ⑧stay taste keep remain leave 二、根据系动词的意义,我们把英语系动词分为四类: A.五大感官系动词B.状态系动词 C.动态系动词D.双谓语系动词 A.五大感官系动词,描述一种感官性质。由实义感官动词变化而来,都是半系动词。 1.look“看起来像是”,后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。

最新英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)

最新英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1.Students surf the internet _______ more information about the university they are dreamt of. A.found B.finding C.having found D.to find 【答案】D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式,指上网的目的。故选D。 2.Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house. A.lead B.leading C.led D.to lead 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知,这是个there be 句型,因此,此处用非谓语动词,path与lead是主动关系,因此用现在分词,故选B。 3.______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies. A.Having exposed B.Being exposed C.To expose D.Exposed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动名词。句意:暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。分析句子成分发现even for a short time是插入语,may influence是谓语,前面的部分应该是主语,be exposed to“暴露于”,要用动名词Being exposed to。故B选项正确。 4.The lecture, _______at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A.starting B.being started C.to start D.to be started 【答案】A 【解析】 选A start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系,故排除B、D两项。不定式作定语时,常表示动作尚未发生,故排除C项,此处用现在分词作后置定语,表示主动。 第四步:根据与谓语动词的先后关系确定时态 非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前用过去分词或v.-ing形式/不定式的

使役动词have用法小议

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连系动词用法详解86062

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(完整版)英语使役动词用法

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仁爱七年级英语动词用法小结

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大使役动词的用法

授课内容 六大高考英语使役动词用法 一、have“使,让”,不用于被动语态。 1.have +宾语+do“让……做某事”,动作执行者为宾语。? He had the boy say it clearly. 2.have +宾语+doing“让……做某事”,动作执行者为句子宾语,但动词必须为持续性动词,后面常接时间段。 He had her standing in the rain for two hours. 3.have +宾语+done 1)“叫、让、请别人做某事”,表动作的执行者不是主语也不是宾语而是别人。或“遭遇不幸事情”。 I’ll have my bike repaired this afternoon. You’d better have your bad tooth pulled out. He had his wallet stolen at the station. 4.have +宾语+adj./adv./prep.“使…处于某种状态”。 Please have your money ready. 二、make “使……”,有轻微强迫之意。 1.make +宾语+do,“迫使某人做某事”,被动语态为be made to do。 The boy made the girl cry. The workers were made to work late at night. 2.make +宾语+doing“使……处于某种状态”,并强调动作的主动性。? The story made him feeling sad. 3.make +宾语+done“使处于某种状态”,并强调动作的被动性。? Please speak louder to make yourself heard. 4.make+宾语+adj./adv./prep./n.“使……处于某种状态”。? His illness made him very weak. 三、Let“使,让?” 1.let +宾语+do“让……做”,被动语态为be let (to) do?。 Let’s go there, shall we? They won’t let their teacher be treated like that. 四、get“使,让” 1.get +宾语+to do “让……做某事”,强调未来性动作。? He got his brother to help him.

【英语】英语动词用法总结(完整)

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(完整版)使役动词的用法

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