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2017年湖北省孝感市语文中考试题及答案解析

2017年湖北省孝感市语文中考试题及答案解析
2017年湖北省孝感市语文中考试题及答案解析

2017年湖北省孝感市语文中考试题

一、积累运用(25分)

1.选出下列加点字注音有误的一项。()(2分)

A.酝酿.(niàng)确凿.(záo)迸.射(bèng)周道如砥.(dǐ)

B.阴霾.(mái)家醅.(pēi)真谛.(dì)强聒.不舍(guō)

C.瓦砾.(lì)拮.据(jié)蓬蒿.(hāo)千山万壑.(hè)

D.栖.息(qī)翩.然(piān)喧.嚷(xuān)气吞斗.牛(dòu)

2.选出下列书写有误的一项。()(2分)

A.威慑屏障襁褓变幻多姿

B.喑哑溺爱慰藉粗制滥造

C.栈桥倒坍陨落芳草凄凄

D.凋零亵渎惬意通宵达旦

3.选出依次填入横线上最恰当的一组词语。()(2个)

春天带来的温暖,在人身上;志愿者带来的温暖,在人心里。志愿者们的故事,他们因为不同的走上了志愿者之路,又在各自的路上着志愿者精神的种子,在他们眼里,做一个志愿者不仅时尚,而且。

A.不胜枚举理由传播高尚

B.比肩接踵理由播撒伟大

C.不胜枚举缘由播撒高尚

D.比肩接踵缘由传播伟大

4.选出下列句子有语病的一项。()(2分)

A.董卿在主持《朗读者》节目时,旁征博引,妙语连珠,令广大观众目不暇接。

B.中国科学院的科学家们。早在几年前就开始对大脑感知领域进行研究。

C这次大型海上编队驶入印度洋,让中国海军从近海走向元海的愿望成为现实。

D.今年5月,德国的五十二名文化使者从汉堡出发,开始了横跨欧亚大陆之旅。

5.古诗文默写(6分)

⑴好峰随处改,。(梅尧臣《鲁山山行》)

⑵,自缘身在最高层。(王安石《登飞来峰》)

⑶中代中国古典文学的长河中,有许多修身养德的文句。陶渊明的“闲静少言,不慕荣利”提醒我们要淡泊名利;周敦颐的“,”(《爱莲说》)告诉我们要洁身自爱。

⑷过去,“路”大古典诗词中:“,”(填写含“路”字的古诗词名句);今天,“路”在中国宏伟蓝图里,一带一路联世界,全心全意和天下。

6.阅读《骆驼祥子》,感悟名著魅力。(4分)

⑴好的封面,或传递书的整体内容,或城县代表人物,或展示主题情感……和兼而有之,请从下列三幅画中选择一幅合适的画作为小说《骆驼祥子》的封面,并结合小说内容阐述理由。

我选择图(1分)理由:(2分)。

⑵在祥子的心目中,可投奔、依靠的人有两个,一个是小福子,一个是能原谅他、帮助他,被他称为“圣人”的。(1分)

7.综合性学习(7分)

孝感地处美丽富饶的江汉平原,是全国唯一以“孝”命名的中等城市。请阅读以下三则材料,并按照需要完成孝文化专题综合性学习任务。

【材料一】近两千年来,孝感孝子层出不穷,仅明清县志记载,孝感有名有姓的孝子就多达493名,在《二十四孝》中,孝感有三孝,即卖身葬父的董永,扇枕温衾的黄香和哭竹生笋的孟宗;武汉黄陂有木兰庙(曾隶书孝感),当地人都认为代父从军、保卫和平、赤诚报国的花木兰是一个大孝女。

【材料二】数年前,孝感女孩,全国道德模范谭之平,在尽心赡养父亲和继母的同时,刻苦学习。大学毕业后,她竭力心力,艰苦创业,在事业上取得成功后,尽力助养残疾儿童和孤寡老人,她用爱心和事业心丰富着孝感道的时代内涵。

【材料三】孝感市大悟县梁龙,梁小龙兄弟俩为了让瘫痪的母亲得到

更好的治疗,带着母亲来到上海,弟弟白天照顾母亲,晚上打工赚钱;哥

哥白天读书、打工,晚上照顾母亲。梁龙、梁小龙家庭因兄弟齐心协力践

孝道、相互扶持渡难关撑起一个家而荣获“2017年全国最美家庭”称号。

⑴解“孝”字:右图是金文中的“孝”字,是由“子”字和省略笔画的“老”字组合而成,请结合字形解释“孝”字的含义。

⑵明“孝”道:明代在发展“孝”的内涵也在不断地丰富和发展,请结合以上三则材料填充横线上的内容。(3分)

大孝爱国,孝是保卫和平、赤诚报国的庄严使命;

中孝立业,孝是竭尽心力、艰苦创业的时代精神;

A,B;

⑶践“孝”行:为响应孝感市“打造中华孝文化名域”的倡议,班级设计了两项“我和孝文化”实践活动主题,请开动脑筋,另外设计两项活动主题。(2分)

活动主题一:探寻孝感地名由来。活动主题二:开展孝文化主题演讲

活动主题三:。活动主题四:。

二、阅读理解(45分)

(一)古诗词赏析(3分)

过零丁洋

文天祥

辛苦遭逢起一经,干戈寥落四周星。山河破碎风飘絮,身世浮沉雨打萍。

惶恐滩头说惶恐,零丁洋里叹零丁。人生自古谁无死,留取丹心照汗青。

8.本诗表现了诗人的国家之痛和的决心。(1分)

9.说说“惶恐滩头说惶恐,零丁洋里叹零丁。”这两句诗妙哪里?(2分)

(二)文言文阅读(12分)

阅读下列甲乙两个文段,污染和完成10-13题

【甲】虽有佳肴,弗食,不知其旨也。虽有至道,弗学,不知其善也。是故学然后知不足,教然后知困。知不足,然后能自反也;知困,然后能自强也。故曰:教学相长也。(选自《礼记·学记》)

【乙】孔子学琴于师襄子,十日不进①。师襄子曰:“可以益矣。”孔子曰:“丘已习其曲矣,未得其数也。”有间,曰:“已习其数,可以益矣。”孔子曰:“丘未得其志也。”有间,曰:“已习其志,可以益②矣。”孔子曰:“丘未得其为人也。”有间③,曰:“有所穆然深思焉,有所怡然高望而远志焉。”曰:“丘得其为人④,黑而长,眼如远视,如王天下,非文王其谁能为此也!”师襄子辟席再拜,曰:“师盖云《文王操》⑤也。”(选自《史记》有删改)

【注】①进:继续学(新内容)②益:增加、加深③有间:过了一段时间。④为人:作曲的人⑤《文王操》:周文王谱写的琴曲名。

10.选出下列加点字的意义和用法相同的一项是()(2分)

A.其.此之谓乎丘未得其.为人也。

B.弗学.,不知其善也孔子学.琴于师襄子,

C.知不足,然后能自反.也寒暑易节,始一反.焉。

D.学而.不思则罔丘得其为人,黑而.长

11.将下列句子翻译成现代汉语。(4分)

⑴弗食,不知其旨也。

⑵丘已习其曲矣,未得其数也。

12.选出下列对甲乙两文的理解有误的一项是()(3分)

A.甲乙两文都是关于学习的,甲文谈了“教学相长”的观点,乙文讲述了孔子拜师学琴的故事。

B.《礼记》,儒家经典之一。秦汉以前各种礼仪论著的选集,相传为西汉戴圣编撰。

C.乙文中孔子学琴经历了熟悉曲子,掌握技法、领会志向(主旨)、融入曲子(理解作者)的过程。

D.乙文孔子一直不换新内容,是因为他认为《文王操》是最容易学的曲子。

13.孔子学琴的故事印证了“学然后知不足”的道理,请结合乙文具体分析。(3分)

(三)现代文阅读(30分)

拔掉心底的篱笆

我小时候学习成绩不错,但不知从哪儿听来的;一个人如果学习成绩优秀,那么他在体育方面多半会很差。另外,我常常感冒,这让我更加确信我是个体质弱的人,不适合竞技类的运动项目。

有一次学校举办运动会,我很想报名田径比赛,但你知道,我是不会报的。

那天体育老师找到我:你怎么没报项目?我把心底的担忧倒了出来。体育老师的话,刷新了我小时候的“常识”:你错了,人都会感冒,不时地感冒一次,恰恰证明你的免疫系统是敏感且运转正常的,反倒可能说明你体质好;跑步是可以练出来的,也许你在耐劳方面出色,来试试吧!

你完全能想象当时有多高兴,猛然发现自己的先天条件并无缺陷,甚至有优势,那些被

我看得比山还重的束缚,仅仅是因为过去的我孤陋寡闻。

我最终报名参加了长度最长的长跑比赛,拿了第三名。

高中二时,学校文理分科。从小到大,我的数学成绩没有语文成绩好,虽然也不低,师长们多年来在耳边不停提醒我:你数学需要提高啊!你偏科啦!我渐渐也承认了这个现实:我脑子不灵,于是我报了文科班,但依旧对数学这一科怕得要死。分科之后,教我们数学的是当地名声赫赫的泰斗级老师。

有一次他问我:你成绩那么好?为什么不把数学也兼顾一下呢?我说:老师,我从小数学就偏科,我不擅长学数学。

他接下来的一番话刷新了我读高中时的“常识”:你错了,咱们现在学的内容跟以前的知识并没太大联系,从前学得不好,现在可能学得好;你刚刚的表达不准确,什么叫“我不擅长数学”?数学领域分为代数、几何,等好多部分,涉及的能力有人的空间想象能力、逻辑思维能力等,我看你的逻辑能力就很强,可能擅长数学中的一部分。

我听到这话别提多高兴,感觉整个人都解放了:原来,“科学表明”,我在数学领域不但不是废物,而且非常“有戏”。那学期的考试,数学满分值150,我拿了142分。

参加工作后,一位读者朋友过了不惑之年,想学外语,但恐于年龄大学不成,问我怎么办。说实话,我没法盲目地激励他。众所周知,人岁数一大,大脑会退化。后来,我偶然看到这样一则消息:最新研究结果显示,中老年人计算速度及注意力方面确实下降了,但脑细胞丝毫没减少,在模式识别、逻辑推理方面不降反增,年纪大了也不存在“舌头变硬学发音会吃力”这一说。我赶紧把这喜讯告诉他,他像我小时候一样欢喜,如今已经学有小成了。人的和你多恐惧和心理障碍,都是自己强加给自己的,抑或是早年间被别人在脑海里围起来的篱笆。你经历得越多,知道得越多,就越有可能发现很多自己以前觉得是问题的地方其实都是不问题。另一个方面,可能这世上从来就不存在什么难以逾越的篱笆,有时候,脚下的障碍其实是一排娇弱的花。(摘自《青年文摘》有删改)

14.联系全文,说说你对标题“拔掉心底的篱笆”含义的理解(2分)

15.请梳理全文,完成下列表格(3分)

16.语言品味(4分)⑴体育老师的话,刷新了我小时候的“常识..

”(赏析加点词语)⑵感觉整个人都解放了:原来,“科学表明”,我在数学领域不但不是废物,而且非常“有戏”。(从语言风格的角度赏析句子)

16.“可能这世上从来就不存在什么难以逾越的篱笆,有时候,脚下的障碍其实是一排娇弱的花”,如何理解这句话的含义?(3分)

17.成长过程中我们不可避免会遇到各种心底的篱笆,说说留在你心底的篱笆是什么?结合本文给你的启示说说该如何拔掉它们?(3分)

飞花令:古代文人的烧脑游戏

今年,国内最火的原创综艺节目莫过于央视的《中国诗词大会》,复旦才女武亦姝在舞台上玩转流传千年的飞花令,激活了国人文化记忆的飞花令也圈粉无数。

在各种脑残网络语泛滥的当下,这种全民复古行为俨然成为一道文化奇观。

要聊到“飞花令”,就不得不提及中国源远流长的酒文化。酒令是酒文化的重要组成部分,它在筵席上是助兴取乐的饮酒游戏,萌生于儒家的“礼”,最早诞生于周。饮酒行令既时间

心底的篱笆拔掉篱笆后小时候

以为学习好则体育差A 高二

相信语文好则数学弱B 参加工作后C 英语有小成

是古人好客传统的表现,又是他们饮酒艺术与聪明才智的结晶。

“飞花”出自唐代诗人韩翃的名诗《寒食》中的“春城无处不飞花”。行飞花令时选用诗和词,也可用曲,但选择的句子一般不超过7个字。这里举个例讲讲这种游戏的规则。酒宴上甲说一句第一字带有“花”的诗词,如“花开堪折直须折”。乙则接“落花人独立”,花在第二字位置上。丙接“感时花溅泪”,花在第三字位置上。以此类推,“花”在第七个字位置则一轮完成,可继续循环下去,答不上或答错的则罚酒。

尽管也是一种酒令,不过飞花令比“五魁首,六六六”之类的民间酒令高难多了,没有诗词基础的人根本玩不转它,所以这种酒令也成了文人墨客们的最爱。

在本季《中国诗词大会》中,节目组引进并改良了飞花令,为每场比赛设置一个关键字,不再仅用“花”字,而是增加了“云”“春”“月”“夜”等诗词中的最高频字,也不再拘泥于关键字在诗句中的顺序。在场上选手完成答题后,由选手得分最高者和百人团答题成绩的第一名,来到舞台中间,轮流背诵含有关键字的诗句,获胜者直接挑战擂主。

“飞花令”是真正高手之间的对抗,挑战者必须在极短时间内完整说出一联诗句,这不仅考察选手的诗词储备,更是临场反应和心理素质的较量,因而“飞花令”的竞赛感很强,这是观赏性和文化内涵兼备,因此产生了强势的朋友圈刷屏现象。(选自新浪网,有删改)

19.古代飞花令和央视改良后的飞花令都“烧脑”,为什么?请仔细阅读全文后作答。(2分)

20.选出下列理解和分析不符合原文意思的一项是()(3分)

A.央视《中国诗词大会》中的飞花令激活了国人的文化记忆,吸引无数粉丝。

B.飞花令是古代酒令的一种。它萌生于儒家的“礼”,最早诞生于周朝,是古人饮酒

艺术与聪明才智的结晶。

C.飞花令中的“飞花”二字出自诗句“春城无处不飞花”,行飞花令时可选用诗词、曲

中的句子,但句子一般不超过7个字。

D.《中国诗词大会》中,节目组引进改良了飞花令,不讲究关键字在诗句中的位置,

具有很强的竞赛感,观赏性和文化内涵兼备。

21.班级模拟古代飞花令游戏开展诗词各句背诵比赛,比赛设置的关键词是“笛”,小玲背诵的名句是“怀旧空吟闻笛赋,到乡翻似烂柯人”,按照古代飞花令的规则,小玲是第几个上台背诵的学生?为什么?(2分)

“颜值”是当前社会热词,人们关注和重视外貌,喜欢用各种方式提升自己的“颜值”。甚至有不少毕业生因为即将面试而走进整形医院,希望通过整容为面试吃一颗“定心丸”。

爱美之心,人皆有之。拥有让人赏心悦目的容颜,确实更容易给人留下好的第一印象,增加一份竞争的筹码。但是,任何整容手段都会有风险,美貌也有保质期,稍有不慎,美容不成反毁容;更何况,再美的容貌也有老去的一天。

一个人一生最可靠的颜值并不是皮相上的外在中美,而是因奋斗产生的内在之美,比如丰富的知识,美好的性情,出众的气质等。

奋斗增添丰富的知识,奋斗的人励志勤学,刻苦磨炼,不断丰富自己的知识积累,增长自身才干,能够健康成长不断进步,在激情奋斗中绽放青春光芒,这才是美的源泉,与其冒着巨大风险在动刀,不如多花些时间和精力读书、思考、实践。

奋斗塑造美好的性情。奋斗的人,最开心,俗话说“相由心生”,内在善良温暖的人必然眉眼柔和,内心坚定乐观的人必然经常喜在眉梢,而内心忧郁自寻烦恼的人往往愁眉苦脸。你也许怒能决定五官的组合,但能决定五官组合而成的表情;你也许无法决定五官的形状,却可以决定五官呈现的柔和度。

奋斗形成出众的气质。中国古语云“腹有诗书气自华”。高尔基也说过,“学问改变气

2017年上海中考英语真题(附详细解析答案解析)

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大连市2017年初中毕业升学考试 英语 第I卷选择题(共68分) I. 单项填空(本题共12小题,每小题1分,共12分) 从各题所给的四个选填中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.Let's promise to be friends of the earth and not to pollute . A.it B.you https://www.doczj.com/doc/5315324297.html, D.them 2.Shall we stop and wait for others? They will catch up a few minutes. A. at B. on C.in D.for 3.My bike is . It will be fixed tomorrow. A. new B.light C.dirty D.broken 4.Tony is an honest boy and he never tells a lie. We all him. A.see B. miss C. hate D.trust 5.Stop! Don't cross that rope! Can't you see the sign,kid? “” A.No photos. B.No entry. C.No parking. D.No littering. 6.In North America,you cannot stand too close to people. Give them more personal . A.fun B.space C. time https://www.doczj.com/doc/5315324297.html,rmation 7. Summer camping is a great experience for students. It is good to help them . A.wake up B.get up C.hurry up D.grow up 8.-Have you decided where to spend your holiday? -Not yet. We go to Beijing. A.may B.must C.should D.need 9.He didn't use to be active in school,but now he gets lots of . A.choices B. money C. attention D. problems 10.The fans cheer us on and I feel more confident to win the game. A.politely B.carefully C. slowly D. loudly 11.Shopping bags shouldn't be thrown away.We should them. A.buy B.borrow C.reuse D.repair 12.---Hi, Lingling! How was your school trip? ---We took a tour to Dalian Forest Z00. A.Take care. Bye! B.It was great fun! C. Have a good trip! D.It looks really great. Ⅱ.完形填空(一)(本题共12小题,每小题1分,共12分) 阅读下面短文,理解其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was raining. I went into a café and asked for a coffee. While I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were many people in the place, __13__ I sensed loneliness. I saw their bodies, but I couldn’t feel their souls(灵魂) because their souls belonged (属于)to the ___14___ .

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孝感市2017年高中阶段学校招生考试 英语试卷 温馨提示: 1.答题前,考生务必将自己所在县(市、区)、学校、姓名、考号填写在试卷上指定的位置。 2.选择题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题的答案必须写在答题卡的指定位置,在本卷上答题无效。 3.本试卷满分120分,考试时间120分钟。 听力部分(20分) Ⅰ.情景反应根据你所听到的句子,选择正确的应答语。(共5分,每小题1分) 1. A. Good afternoon! B. Nice to meet you, too. C. You’re welcome. 2. A. Thank you. B. I don’t know. C. No, they aren’t. 3. A. With Tom. B. In the park. C. Good idea. 4. A. It doesn’t matter. B. Yes, I’d love to. C. Here you are. 5. A. Have a good time! B. Sorry to hear that. C. It was boring. Ⅱ.对话理解根据你所听到的对话选择正确答案。(共10分,每小题1分) 6. What’s the weather like tomorrow? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. 7. What color is the sweater? A. White. B. Red. C. Blue. 8. Whose science magazine is it?

A. Mary’s. B. Dave’s. C. Mark’s. 9. How often does Tina practice the piano? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Every day. 10. What time are they going to Hubei Museum this Saturday? A. At 8:30. B. At 9:00. C. At 9:30. 听下面一段长对话,回答11—12两个小题。 11. How was Eric’s trip? A. Excellent. B. Boring. C. Surprising. 12. With whom did Eric go fishing? A. Grandparents. B. Grandfather. C. Grandmother. 听下面一段长对话,回答13—15三个小题。 13. How much is the shirt? A. 160 yuan. B. 170 yuan. C. 180 yuan. 14. Where did Michael buy the shirt? A. On the Internet. B. In Hangzhou. C. In a supermarket. 15. What is the shirt made of ? A. Cotton. B. Silk. C. Plastic. Ⅲ.短文理解根据你所听到的短文内容选择正确答案。(共5分,每小题1分) 16. Where does Mrs. Taylor work? A. In a library. B. In a school. C. In a hospital.

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