选修7
Unit 5 Travellingabroad
要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考
●重点单词
1〃queue n．队列；行列vi.排队
2〃lecture n. & vi.演讲；讲课
3〃qualification n．资格；资历→qualified adj.有资格的；能胜任的
4〃preparation n．准备；预备→prepare vt.准备
5〃recommend vt.推荐；建议→recommendation n．推荐，介绍，劝告
6〃idiom n．习语；成语
7〃comfort n．舒适；安慰vt.安慰→comfortable adj.舒适的→comfortably adv.舒适地
8〃substitute n．代替品；代用品vt.用……代替……→substitution n．代替，取代→substitutive adj.可以替代的，代用的，取代的
9〃requirement n．需要；要求→require vt.需要
10〃draft n．草稿；草案vt.草拟，起草
11〃acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢→acknowledgement n．承认
12〃contradict vt.反驳；驳斥
13〃occupy vt.占用；占领；占据→occupation n．占领，占据
14〃apology n．道歉；谢罪→apologize vt.道歉
15〃routine n．常规；日常事务adj.通常的；例行的
16〃optional adj.可选择的；随意的
17〃agent n．代理人；经纪人
18〃abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的→abundance n．丰富19〃govern vt. & vi.统治；支配；管理
20〃destination n．目的地
●重点短语
1〃adjust to适应；调节
2〃fit in相适应；相融和
3〃be occupied with 忙着做……；忙于某事物
4〃out of the question不可能的；不值得讨论的
5〃apply for申请
6〃take up从事，占……
7〃keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
8〃as far as one is concerned就……而言
9〃day in and day out日复一日
10〃settle in(迁入新居、更换工作后)
安顿下来
11〃get used to 习惯于
12〃in the company of 在……陪伴下
●重点句型
1〃It was the first time she had ever left her motherland. 这是她第一次离开她的祖国。
2〃...we wish Xie Lei all the best in her new enterprise.
……我们祝愿谢磊在新的事业中一切顺利。
3〃Besides,_as far as he was concerned,_what other people thought was not the most important thing.此外，他认为别人的想法并不是最重要的。
4〃I have been so occupied with work that I haven‘t had time for social activities.
我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间去搞社交活动。
●高考范文
(2008·四川非延考区)
你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报，主题为：保护环境从我做起。请你根据下图所示写一篇英语短文。
注意：1.词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
What Can I Do for Our Environment?
Everyone_can_do_something_for_our_environment._____________________________________ ___________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[范文]
What Can I Do for Our Environment?
Everyone_can_do_something_for_our_environment.For me, I should try to save electricity in my daily life. For example, if I am the last person to leave the classroom in the evening, I will always remember to turn off the lights. In order
to protect our forests, I will use paper wisely. I should try to use both sides of paper whenever it is possible. I will not use things like paper cups and disposable chopsticks because they are made of wood. I believe that by doing all these small things we can improve our environment and help make our world a better place to live in.
考点探究互动探究·能力备考
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1〃recommend vt. 推荐；建议
recommend sth. to sb.＝recommend sb. sth.
向某人介绍某物，向某人推荐某物
recommend sb. as/sth. for 推荐某人当/某事做……
recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend doing sth. 建议干某事
recommend that 建议……(从句中用“should＋动词
原形”，should 可省略)
It is/was recommended that... 有人建议……(从句中
用虚拟语气)
[即学即练1](1)He strongly _________________ her ______ our firm for the post.
他极力推荐她到我们公司担任这一职务。
(2)Doctors _______________________________ after supper.
医生建议晚饭后散步。
Recommended
to
recommend taking a walk
(3)I _________________ you ____________ her at once.
我建议你马上去看她。
(4)It is recommended that the machine __________________ every year.建议每年把机器检修一次。
recommend
to see
(should) be checked
2〃comfort n．舒适；安慰vt.安慰
comfort sb.安慰某人
live in comfort生活舒适
a few words of comfort几句安慰的话
It is a comfort to do sth.做……是令人安慰的事
[即学即练2](1)He lives __________________.
他生活极为舒适。
(2)After retirement, he ________________________ reading.
退休后他从读书中得到慰藉。
(3)________________________ to know that she is safe.得知她平安无事，这是一个安慰。
in great comfort
took comfort from/in
It is a comfort
(4)A hot cup of milk on a cold night is __________________.在寒冷的夜晚喝一杯热牛奶真是舒服。
(5)I __________________ Jean after her mother’s death.
琼的妈妈去世后，我尽力安慰她。
a real comfort
tried to comfort
3〃substitute n. 代替者；代用品vt. 用……代替
a substitute for ……的代替者；……的代用品
substitute A for B 用A代替B
substitute A with/by B 用B代替A
substitute for 代替；取代
[即学即练3](1)You can ______________ home－made parts ______ imported parts.
＝You can ______________ imported parts ____________ home－made parts.你能用国产零件代替进口零件。
(2)Home－made parts can ________________ imported parts.
国产零件能取代进口零件。
substitute
for
substitute
with/by
substitute for
(3)Vitamin pills are __________________ healthy eating.维生素片不能替代健康饮食。
no substitute for
4〃acknowledge vt. 承认；确认；答谢
acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢
acknowledge doing sth. 承认做了某事
acknowledge sth. as/to be 认为某事……
acknowledge that... 承认……
acknowledge one‘s letter 向某人表示信已收到
in acknowledgement of sth. 对某事表示感谢/承认
It is universally acknowledged that...
……是大家公认的。
[即学即练4](1)He acknowledged ______________________ __.(＝He acknowledged that he had
made a mistake.)
他承认犯了错误。
(2)It is she who wants to _____________ you ______ her daughter. 她想承认你是她的女儿。having made a mistake
acknowledge
as
(3)The shipping company ___________________________ of the goods to be shipped.
航运公司表示所运货物已收到。
acknowledged the receipt
5〃occupy vt. 占用；占领；占据
occupancy n. 占用；使用
occupation n. 侵占；占领；职业
be occupied (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事(in可省略)
be occupied with sth. 从事/忙于某事(用法同busy)
occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth. 忙于做某事
under occupation 在占领之下，占领中
[即学即练5](1)The enemy _______________ the town.
敌人占领了这个镇。
(2)Writing _________________ most of my free time.
写作占去了我大部分的空闲时间。
(3)I ______________ myself ______ writing a novel.
我忙于写小说。
occupied
occupies
occupied
in
6〃keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
keep a close/careful watch on 密切注意/监视
keep an eye on 留神照看
keep away from (使)避开，不接近
keep back 隐瞒不讲；留在后面，阻止
keep down 限制；镇压
keep from 隐瞒；使(自己或别人)不做某事
keep in touch with 与……保持联系
keep off 使不接近，使避免
keep on 继续，持续
keep out 挡住，使进不去，不要进来
keep up 保持(不低落)；保持良好状态
keep up with 跟上，不落后
[即学即练6](1)____________！Then you will succeed!
坚持！你一定能成功！
(2)They sang songs to ________________________.
他们唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。
(3)He ____________ a correspondence ______ Tom.
他和汤姆保持通信联系。
Keep up
keep their spirits up
kept up
with
7〃fit in 相适合；相融合
fit in with sb./sth. 与……合得来；适应
fit sb./sth. for sth. 使……适合/胜任
be fit to do sth./for sth. 适合做某事
[即学即练7](1)I don‘t think he’ll __________________ the other people.我认为他不会与别人合得来。
(2)His experience ______ him perfectly ______ the job/______ ______ the job.
他的经验使他完全胜任这项工作/适合干这个工作。
fit in with
fitted
for
to do
(3)Your car _________________ be on the road.
你的车子适合上路。
Is fit to
Ⅱ.重点句型详解
1〃It_was_the_first_time she had ever left her motherland. 这是她第一次离开祖国。
It/This/That is the first/second/third...time (that) sb. has/have done sth.
这是某人第一/二/三……次做某事。
①It is the first time that I have come to the Great Wall.
这是我第一次到长城。
②It was the second time that he had failed in the exam.
这是他第二次考试失败。
③It will be the first time that he has won the prize.
那将是他第一次获奖。
拓展：(1)the first time “第一次”，名词短语引导时间状语从句。如：
He was curious about everything the first time he went abroad.第一次出国他对什么都好奇。
(2)for the first time “第一次”，介词短语在句中做时间状语。如：
When I met him for the first time, he was making a speech.我第一次见他时，他正在演讲。
[即境活用1]I thought her nice and honest ______ I saw her.
A〃first time B．for the first time
C〃the first time D．by the first time
答案：C
解析：the first time 引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次”。
2〃Besides, as_far_as_he_was_concerned,_what other people thought was not the most important thing.此外，他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。
as/so far as sb./sth. is concerned是固定句式，意为“在某人看来，就某人或某事而言”。类似短
语还有：
so/as far as I can see 依我看来
so/as far as I know 就我所知
as far as the eye can see 就视线所及
as far as it goes 就……而论
as far as 那么远，直到，就……而言
so far＝up to now 迄今为止
by far ……得多，最(修饰比较级或最高级)
①As far as I am concerned, this is the most important point.对我来说，这是最重要的一点。
②As far as money is concerned, she‘s hopeless.
她在金钱方面简直无可救药。
[即境活用2]—Michael was late for Mr Smith's oral class this morning.
—How come? ______ I know, he never came late to class.
A〃As far as B．So far
C〃By far D．As far
答案：A
解析：as far as I know, 据我所知。
易错点拨自我完善·误区备考
1.It's the first time...句式
[应用1](1)I thought her nice and honest ______ I met her.
A．first time B．for the first time
C．the first time D．by the first time
答案：C
解析：the first time可引导时间状语从句。
(2)－It’s the second time that I ______ to Shanghai.
－What great changes! It’s ten years since I ______ it last time.
A．have been; left B．had been；left
C．am; had left D．come; had left
答案：A
解析：在表时间的句式It be＋time＋since从句中出现了时间状语last time，故从句应用一般过去时，排除C、D两项，结合It be＋the＋序数词＋time(that)从句时态特殊要求，可知A项为最佳选项。
2. besides的用法
[应用2](1)I don’t mind picking up your things from the store. ______，the walk will do me good.
A〃Sooner or later B．Still
C〃In time D．Besides
答案：D
解析：besides副词，意为“况且，再说”。该句意为“我很乐意去商店把你的东西取回来。再说走一走对我自己也有好处”。根据题意，D项正确。
(2)(2007·全国Ⅱ)Some people choose jobs for other reasons ______ money these days.
A〃for B．except
C〃besides D．with
答案：C
解析：考查考生对介词的理解。根据句意“在如今，人们选择工作除了钱还有其他原因”，表示“除了”，只有except与besides有此意。except为排除在外、不包括，而besides为包括在内，故用besides。
3. as far as...的用法
[应用3](1)______ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.
A〃As long as B．As far as
C〃Just as D．Even if
答案：B
解析：逗号前后并非表示条件、让步关系，也不是用来加强语气。应用as far as I can see来缓和语气，表示“在我看来，只有一种可能脱离危险的办法”。
(2)______ you can do what you like.
A〃As long as I’m concerned
B〃As far as I’m concerned
C〃As far as I’m concerning
D〃As soon as I’m concerned
答案：B
解析：本题考查了固定短语的用法。此句可译为：就我而言，你可以做你所喜欢做的。as far as one is concerned是固定短语，也可写成so far as one is concerned，表示“就……而言”。
高效作业自我测评·技能备考
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1〃Chance usually g_________ the outcome of the game.
2〃Can you s___________ for the singer who is ill?
3〃Previous teaching experience is a necessary
q_______________ for this job.
4〃It's great c___________ to the mother to see the children growing happily, especially after her husband died.
5〃Most of the bedroom is o___________ by the big bed.
governs
substitute
qualification
comfort
occupied
6〃Products strongly _______________ (推荐) to customers by salesgirls are not necessarily of good quality.
7〃A lot of care and attention is ____________ (需要) in keeping the pets.
8〃The theory is generally ____________ (认为) to be true.
9〃We eventually arrived at our holiday ___________ (目的地)．
10〃We need a spirit of ___________(事业心) if we are to achieve something.
recommended
required
acknowledged
destination
enterprise
Ⅱ .单项选择
1〃—Daddy! I can pronounce these words.
—______！You are doing very well.
A〃Keep it up B．Keep up with
C〃Make it up D．Catch it up
答案：A
解析：Keep it up! “坚持下去”，用做鼓励用语。
2〃You may cancel the disk check, but it is strongly recommended that you ______.
A〃continue B．will continue
C〃do continue D．must continue
答案：A
解析：It is recommended that... “建议……”，其that从句中用“(should＋)动词原形”。
3〃______we'll have finished the project by the end of this month.
A〃Successfully B．Apparently
C〃Accidently D．Hopefully
答案：D
解析：考查副词。句意：我们到月底完成这项工程是有希望的。A.成功地；B.表面地；C.偶然地；D.希望地。
4〃He acknowledged ______ the book from my bag.
A〃to steal B．stealing
C〃steal D．stolen
答案：B
解析：acknowledge doing sth. “承认做了某事”，为固定搭配。
5〃Plastic parts can ______ metal ones in many machines. But they don't last long.
A〃substitute for B．be replaced with
C〃take the place for D．in place of
答案：A
解析：句意：在许多机器中，塑料零件能代替金属零件。但塑料零件不耐用。B项应用replace; C项用take the place of；D项in place of 不做谓语。
6〃Mary is ______ a translation of a French novel.
A〃engaged with B．busy in
C〃absorbed to D．occupied with
答案：D
解析：“忙于某事”可用be occupied with, be engaged in, be busy with。be absorbed in 被……吸引，集中精力干。
7〃While the government says there is a(n)______ supply of houses, prices of apartments have been going up these years.
A〃parallel B．absent
C〃abundant D．short
答案：C
解析：句意为：虽然政府说房源充裕(abundant)，但房价这些年却一直在上涨。
8〃The country finally gained independence after being ______ by the British for so many years. A〃governed B．conquered
C〃managed D．commanded
答案：A
解析：根据句意“该国在被英国人统治了许多年后终于获得了独立”可知，应选govern。conquer 征服，是瞬间动词；manage管理；command命令。
9〃A new building must ______ with the styles of other buildings in this district, which have been here for two hundred years.
A〃catch up B．come up
C〃put up D．fit in
答案：D
解析：fit in with与……相适应，符合句意。catch up with赶上，追上；come up with提出，想出；put up with忍受，容忍。
10〃(2010·湖北联考)How I wish that I could ______ my ideas in simple and wonderful English when chatting on the Internet.
A〃set out B．set off
C〃set over D．set up
答案：A
解析：set out意为“陈述，陈列，出发，开始”符合题意。set off意为“出发，动身”；set over 意为“移交，置于……上，指派……管理”；set up意为“建立，竖立，引起”。
11〃－How far apart do they live?
－______ I know, they live in the same neighbourhood.
A〃As long as B．As far as
C〃As well as D．As often as
答案：B
解析：as far as I know＝so far as I know“据我所知”，是一习语。as long as/so long as“只要”，常用来引导条件状语从句；as well as“不仅……而且，既……又，和……一样(好)”；as often as＝whenever“每当”。A、C、D三项不合题意。
12〃This is the second time I ______ by him; I shall never trust him again.
A〃was put down B．have been let down
C〃have been put down D．am let down
答案：B
解析：It/This is the second time...“这是第二次……”，从句用现在完成时。put down放下，写下；let down使失望。
13〃The old farmer has one son and two daughters, ______ are kind to her，______makes her sad. A〃neither of them; which
B〃all of whom; which
C〃none of them; it
D〃none of whom; which
答案：D
解析：考查非限制性定语从句。第一空none of whom表示“他们中没有一个人”，第二空which 代替前面这件事。
14〃It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ______.
A〃it what to do with B．what to do it with
C〃what to do with it D．to do what with it
答案：C
解析：考查“疑问词＋不定式”做宾语，do with“处置，处理”的意思。
15〃Never ______ so excited because it is the first time that I ______ such a fantastic experience. A〃I have been; had B．have I been; have had
C〃have I been; had had D．I have been; have
答案：B
解析：第一空由于never放于句首，故用倒装句，排除A、D项；第二空it is the first time that... 从句中用现在完成时态，故选B。
Ⅲ .完形填空
The sound of the rain hitting the windows wakes me up and it sounds just exactly as it did 15 years ago, which reminded me of my girlhood.
It was my second day of __1__ and it was raining heavily. I couldn't __2__ the habit I had at home, so I fell asleep right at my __3__. I woke up to find myself not in the classroom but carried on Dad's back. We were __4__ home. It was the last time I felt __5__ to him.
After that, he never carried me or hugged me as other fathers did to their children. I was not bothered by this __6__. I was proud of it, for I felt __7__ and “grown up”. However, there were times when I felt depressed by not having sought __8__ from him.
One day, I was writing Chinese characters as homework. I hated doing this more than anything. Dad came and stood behind me for a moment, __9__ me scratching(乱涂) the paper. Then he said, “This kind of writing needs __10__. Your writing is not strong enough. Press harder.”
I followed his __11__ for the next two weeks, but __12__ I could see little improvement, I followed my own method—the __13__ way. His advice didn't improve my writing but our __14__. As I grew older, I found out that he had finished his __15__ in Grade 6, which was the highest grade in town then, so he was considered to be a __16__. People used to ask him to write something to put on the walls, but he never felt very useful.
He often said to me, “As you can see, this family is going to count on you. We are __17__ to improve you anything for your future. You have to get __18__ to change the life for yourself.”
As a result of his __19__，I have __20__ it through high school and through college.
1〃A. graduation B. employment
C. college
D. school
2〃A. form B. resist
C. follow
D. break
3〃A. dormitory B. door
C. desk
D. bed
4〃A. at B. already
C. beyond
D. halfway
5〃A. close B. near
C. happy
D. relaxed
6〃A. gap B. thought
C. action
D. accident
7〃A. lonely B. depressed
C. independent
D. comfortable
8〃A. comfort B. help
C. support
D. explanation
9〃A. helping B. directing
C. watching
D. blaming
10〃A. skill B. patience
C. time
D. practice
11〃A. introduction B. manner
C. spirit
D. advice
12〃A. even if B. while
C. as
D. though
13〃A. difficult B. slow
C. efficient
D. fast
14〃A. relationship B. friendship C. thought D. life
15〃A. schooling B. life
C. hope
D. expectation 16〃A. writer B. scholar
C. scientist
D. specialist 17〃A. tired B. glad
C. useless
D. ready
18〃A. an education B. a rich boyfriend
C. a well paid job
D. a good writing 19〃A. help B. expectations C. examination D. watch
20〃A. succeeded B. got
C. made
D. found
答案及解析：
1. D。由girlhood可知，应为上学(更有可能是小学)的第二天。
2. B。resist抵抗/制，这里意思是：抵抗/制不了在家时的习惯(就睡着了)。
3. C。由上文可知睡了，且在学校(教室)，故应为“伏在桌上睡了”。
4. D。由前句可知，发现自己不在教室，而在爸爸的背上，可知父亲背着她回家，在回家的半路上。
5. A。feel/be close to sb和某人很亲近/密。
6. B。thought想法；gap间距；action行动；accident事故；偶然(的事)。
7. C。由下面的grown up可知应为independent，互相对应。
8. A。seek comfort from sb从某人那儿得到舒适/安慰；support支持；help帮助。
9. C。这里指父亲站在我后面看我乱涂。
10. B。父亲说练书法是需要耐心的，这里是针对我(没有耐心)乱涂一气而说的。
11. D。指上文父亲给我的忠告。
12. C。as表示“由于”。
13. D。指又采用自己的老方法写字(写得很马虎，当然很快的方式)。
14. A。与父亲之间的关系，故用relationship。
15〃A。schooling指受的教育。
16. B。scholar学者，有学问的人，这里指父亲被在小镇里的人认为是最有学问的人。
17. C。由下句You have to get...to change the life for yourself可知父亲说：我们是无法/没有什么用的来使你有个好的未来。
18. A。从上下文的意思看，当然父亲要她得到好的教育来使她有好的未来。
19. B。这里指父亲的期待。
20. C。make it设法成功。
教学流程 一、课堂导入 先出示方言，请学生说说能否看懂，再出示普通话。 某县推广普通话，大会上—— （1）县长讲完以后，主持人说：“咸菜请香肠酱瓜！” ——主持人说：“现在请乡长讲话！” （2）乡长说：“兔子们，虾米们，猪尾巴！不要酱瓜，咸菜太贵啦！” ——乡长说：“同志们，乡民们，注意吧！不要讲话，现在开会啦！” （3）乡长接着说：“不要酱瓜，我捡个狗屎给你们舔舔……” ——乡长说：“不要讲话，我讲个故事给你们听听……” （4）乡长说：“兔子们，今天的饭狗吃了，大家都是大王八！” ——乡长说：“同志们，今天的饭够吃了，大家都使大碗吧！” 从这个故事中我们可知，各地方言千奇百怪，因为方言误会，造成沟通有障碍，甚至闹出笑话，所以要有通用的语言，普通话也就应运而生。 二、普通话和方言 1、普通话 明确：普通话是“以北京语音为标准音，以北方话为基础方言，以典范的现代白话文著作为语法规范”的现代汉民族共同语，这是在1955年的全国文字改革会议和现代汉语规范问题学术会议上确定的。 （1）为什么以北京语音为标准音，以北方话为基础方言？——北京近千年来一直是我国政治和文化的中心，所以以北京话为代表的北方方言在全国影响最大。
（2）普通话和各种方言是什么关系？——是弟兄姐妹的关系，但普通话又是一种权威语言，在我国受到法律保护的，连《宪法》都有规定。2001颁布《中华人民共和国国家通用语言文字法》。虽然普通话成为现代汉民族的共同语，但是，各地人们的日常生活还是保留自己原有的方言，有的地方甚至是“五里不同调，十里不同音”。 2、方言 （1）什么是方言？-----方言是指同一种语言在不同地域的分支，或者说是一种语言的地域变体。汉语就是一种有许多方言的语言。 （2）根据方言在语音、词汇、语法上的一些重要差异，现代汉语分成几大方言？ 明确：即北方方言、吴方言、湘方言、赣方言、客家方言、粤方言、闽方言。 （北方方言：又叫官话方言，使用人口最多，分布地域最广，占汉语地区的四分之三，使用人口占百分之七十以上。客家方言：唯一不以地域而以人群命名的方言。） （3）请学生看方言地图，分别找出各个方言区。 我们每个人都有自己的家乡，当然也就有自己的方言。 3、陕西方言 （1）概述 陕西是中华民族古代文化的发祥地之一。相传汉字为“文字始祖”仓颉(jie)所创造。仓颉是陕西宝鸡人，出生于五帝时代，距今已有4000多年历史了。陕西方言得天独厚，博大精深，从这些方言中我们既可以窥视到古老的华夏文化的发展轨迹，又可领略到今天溢于言表的真情实感。由于陕西地理特点是东西狭、南北长，各地方言土语大不相同，甚至同一句话，因咬音轻重语速缓急不同而内容涵义不同。 陕西话属于中原官话，为其的一个分支，代表方言为西安方言。又分为关中话、陕北话和陕南话。 ①关中方言 关中方言东府话包括西安市、铜川市、咸阳市、渭南市、商洛市及下属商县—洛南—丹凤—山阳、陕北的宜川—黄龙—洛川—宜君—黄陵—富县、甘肃宁县。 关中方言西府话包括宝鸡市。 关中方言区乃炎帝故地，所以后来母系同为炎帝属的周语与夏语近似，又由于地理相近，沟通频繁，所以关中方言与河南方言同属中原官话。 ②陕南方言 陕南话大部属于巴蜀方言（西南官话）。陕南的方言非常有地域特色。陕南地处川、陕、鄂、豫交界之处。先民迁入来源甚广。加之历史上交通闭塞往来较少、行政权力鞭长莫及，居民活动范围地域狭窄，遂造成了今天的陕南方言。 杂，是陕南方言的首要特色。仅就安康地区而言，那里的地方话有接近四川口音的，有接近湖北口音的，甚至还有接近湖南口音的。有时一个村与周围邻村口音截然不同。 ③陕北方言 陕北话属于秦晋方言。受山西影响比较大，也加入了一些蒙语，至今保留了一些入声。（2）关中方言——中国最古老的语言 过去不曾知道，陕西农村人说的关中方言，是中国最古老的语言。还以为农民说的话，比较土气，生冷硬噌，难登大雅之堂。而实际上，在古代它是中国的官话，被称为雅言，《诗经》《唐诗》要用古代的官话，也就是现在的关中方言来读，才算是标准读音。伍永尚是一位研究陕西方言的专家。他举例说，只有用陕西话才能读通唐诗，读出韵味。 ★白居易著名的《卖炭翁》：“卖炭翁，伐薪烧炭南山中。满面尘灰烟火色，两鬓苍苍十指黑。”其中的“色”如果按普通话发“se”音，没法押韵，按陕西话发sěi音，才能和“黑”押韵。
A Letter Home 知识目标 1. Make the students know about basic information of PNG. 2. Establish the consciousness of helping others 能力目标 1.Let the students talk about the information from the photos. 2. Develop the students’ reading ability. 情感目标 1. Arouse stud ents’ great interest in being a volunteer. 2. Develop student’ sense of cooperation learning. 教学重点： 1.Talk about Jo’s experience with the target language and useful expressions. 2.Get students to know the customs and lives of the poeple in Tombe’s village. 3.Get students to learn different reading skills. 教学难点： 1. Develop students’ reading ability. 2.Enable students to learn to talk about being a volunte. 教学过程： stepⅠ Greetings & Lead-in 1.Greet the students as usual. 2.A sketch played by students. StepⅡ Warming up 1. Ask students some questions and then make a definition of volunteer Have you ever helped your parents, or other relatives, or your friends? Have you ever helped people in your community or people outside your community? 2. Show some pictures and let the students speak out what the volunteers are doing. StepⅢ Pre-reading 1. Introduce Papua New Guinea (PNG) 2. Look at the photos from Jo and answer the following questions: 1) What was Jo’s job in PNG? 2) What kind of students ware in her class? Boys, girls, or both?
7—3 New Words 1.a nnual 作定语 happening every year ◆adj. ~ event, meeting, report, visit, show ◆n. book or periodical that is published once a year年刊，年报 2.m igration migrate from…to… ◆移居move from one place to go to live or work in another ◆迁徙(of animals) go from one place to another with the seasons The birds migrate to North Africa in winter. migrant adj.流动的，迁徙的作定语 ~ workers, ~ birds migration U 3.w itness ◆vt.目击 ~ an accident/ a murder/a quarrel ◆C目击者person who sees an event take
place ~ of/to the accident eye-witness目击者 ◆C证人 ◆C/U 证据evidence give ~ 作证 His ragged clothes were (a) witness to his poverty. 4.a ccommodation ◆U 住处rooms especially for living in suitable /cheap/ temporary /permanent ~ ◆(pl.)招待，膳宿accommodations ◆accommodate vt. 供给某人住宿或房间The hotel can ~ up to 500 guests. give sb accommodation for the night make accommodation for sb If you come to my house, I’ll give you accommodation for the night.
第三课神奇的汉字 【教学目标】 ⑴理解汉字的起源、造字方法和字体演变。 ⑵了解汉字简化和规范的原因及方法。 ⑶掌握汉字架构的方法和拆解的规则。 ⑷了解错别字存在的原因，学会如何消灭错别字。 【教学重难点】 ⑴了解错别字存在的原因，学会如何消灭错别字。 【教学过程】 第一节字之初,本为画——汉字的起源 【教学目标】 ⑴理解汉字的起源、造字方法和字体演变（重点） ⑵理解汉字的书写规则，鉴赏书法艺术作品。（难点） 【教学过程及步骤】 一、导入新课 中华五千年文明，有着太多让外国人仰慕的东西，包括四大发明、文字等等。印度前总理尼赫鲁曾对女儿说：“世界上有一个伟大的国家，她的每个字都是一首优美的诗，一幅美丽的画，你要好好 学习。”汉字是见证中国悠久历史的重要载体，今天让我们一起走进汉字的历史。 二、汉字历史 1.汉字的起源 关于汉字的起源，中国古代文献上有种种说法，如“结绳”、“八卦”、“图画”、“书契”等，古书上还普遍记载有黄帝史官仓颉造字的传说。《淮南子·本经训》：“昔者仓颉作书，而天雨粟，鬼夜哭。” 鲁迅曾对仓颉造字这一史实，作过精辟的论述，意即文字非一人独创，而是群众智慧的结晶。 2.汉字的造字方法（结合许慎《说文解字》中的阐述及例字甲骨文讲解） （1）象形：象形者，画成其物，随体诘诎。日、月是也。（文字描摹实物的形状）如：人、门、日、月、山、水、衣、目、耳、石、田、火、车、牛、马、鹿。 （2）指事：指事者，视而可识，察而见意。上、下是也。（文字由指示性的符号构成）如：木—本，添加的部分表示树根；木—末，添加部分表示树梢；刀—刃，刀口处。 （3）会意：会意者，比类合谊，以见指撝。武、信是也。（汇合两个或两个以上的字构成一个新字） 例如：“朝”字像日、月同现于草莽之中，表示太阳初升而月亮未落的早晨的情景。“莫”字是“暮”
高中语文选修——语言文字运用复习提纲 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
语言文字运用复习提纲1 句子成分分析 ?重点：六种句子成分的辨别 ?难点：定语和状语修饰成分的排序 ?知识点：能划分句子成分并能判别句子成分残缺和搭配不当的语病。一．句子六种成分 ?主语、谓语、宾语；——三种主要成分 ?定语、状语、补语；——三种附属成分 二．句子成分的标识符号 ?主语：“”划在主语下面 ?谓语：“——”划在谓语下面 ?宾语：“”划在宾语下面 ?定语：“（）”用在定语前后 ?状语：“[ ]”用在状语前后 ?补语：“〈〉”用在补语前后 三．句子成分作用 ?主语——是谓语陈述的对象 ?谓语——是对主语加以陈述的 ?宾语——是动语支配、关涉的对象 ?定语——是名词性短语里中心语前面的修饰语 ?状语——是谓词性短语里中心语前面的修饰语 ?补语——是谓词性短语里中心语后面的补充语 四．句子成分示例 ?定语：美丽的校园（美丽）的校园
?状语：例1：安静地学习 [安静]地学习 ?例2：吾尝终日而思矣吾尝[终日]而思矣修饰关系 ?补语： ?1、去一趟去〈一趟〉 ?2、高兴得跳了起来高兴得〈跳了起来〉 ?3、这张报纸好极了这张报纸好〈极〉了 五、主谓宾 ?1、主语：就是谓语陈述的对象，主要由名词、代词充当，动词、形容词、数量词及其短语也可充当主语。如：发展是硬道理。 ?2、谓语：是陈述主语的，一般由动词和形容词充当，其他实词和短语也可以充当谓语。如：战士们英勇顽强。你是学生。 ?3、宾语：是动词中心词支配的对象，一般由名词和代词充当，其他实词和短语也可以充当宾语。如：大家喜欢游泳。他给我一本书（双宾语） ?4、定语：是名词中心语的修饰成份，名词、动词、形容词、数量词和短语充当定语。“的”是定语的标志。如：（浅浅的）月光流进了村子。 ?注意：定语后置。如：荷塘的四面长着许多树，（蓊蓊郁郁的）。 ?5、状语：是动词、形容词中心语的修饰成份。副词、形容词、表时间（处所）的名词和短语充当状语。“地”是状语的标志。如：汽车[在望不到边际的高原上]奔 驰。（介宾短语） ?6、补语：是对动词、形容词中心语起补充说明作用的成份。形容词、动词、代词、副词、数量词和短语可以充当补语。“得”是补语的标志。如：我的心事，绷得<像调紧的弦>。
Unit 4 Sharing 答题栏 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 A Helen Keller was one of America's best-known women. She was admired for her courage and achievements although she couldn't see or hear. She was also known throughout the world for her self-sacrificing work to improve the condition of the blind, the deaf and the speechless. When she died on June 1, 1968, the newspaper Washington Post wrote：“Her life is truly one of the most remarkable phenomena of our time and her death just short of the age of 88 leaves the whole world poorer.” Helen Keller was born on June 27th, 1880, in Tuscumbia, Alabama. For the first 19 months of her life, she was a pretty and happy baby, normal in every way. Then a sudden illness destroyed her sight and her hearing. Because she could not hear sounds to imitate (模仿), she could not speak. Helen used to say that her real birthday was not June 27th, 1880, but March 3rd, 1887 — the day when Anne Sullivan entered her life. It was Anne Sullivan who taught Helen to spell certain words by a special system, Braille, and even to talk. Anne Sullivan could not teach Helen Keller to speak until some other important things had been learned. The little girl had to learn to control her actions and feelings. She had to learn that she could not always do what she wanted to do. She had always been able to get what she wanted by using force. The teacher had to change such habits without breaking the child's spirit. Miss Sullivan's battle began. Sometimes, there was real fighting between the wild child and the strong young teacher. At last, however, the battle was won by Miss Sullivan, who succeeded in showing Helen that she loved her and wanted to help her. The child and her teacher became friends. They continued to be friends until the teacher's death, fifty years later. The day on which Helen finally accepted Miss Sullivan as her friend and teacher was a great day in Helen's life. After that, the teacher could begin to teach the child language.
第5讲Under the sea 词汇篇 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 1.熟练掌握重点单词及其用法； 2.能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。 一. 重点词汇 1.annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的n. 年刊；年鉴 [重点用法] annually adv. 年年地，每年地 [典例] 1) an annual income. 年收入 2) an annual report年度报告 3) Premier Wen Jiabao noted that the two most important problems would be previous to anything else in the government annual report.温家宝总理在政府年度报告中指出要优先解决这两大问题。 2.witness n. 目击者；证人；证据vt. 当场见到；目击 [典例] 1) He is the witness to the accident. 事故的目击者 2) This old auditorium has witnessed many ceremonies. 这个古老的礼堂内举行过许多次典礼。 3.accommodation住所 [重点用法] accommodate v.向...提供，容纳，调和；适应 accommodation address临时通讯处 accommodation allowance膳宿津贴 [典例] 1) The high cost of accommodation makes life difficult for students in London. 由于住宿费用昂贵，伦敦的学生感到生活困难。 2) The university offers excellent accommodation for summer visitors. 这所大学为夏季来访者提供了很好的住宿。 4.abandon vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃n. 放任，狂热 [重点用法] abandon oneself to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于 abandon …to sb. 把……舍弃给…... with abandon放任地；放纵地；纵情地 [典例]
UNIT2 The First Period Reading Teaching goals教学目标 1. Target language目标语言 a.重点词汇和短语 fiction, cartoon, desire, satisfaction, absent, alarm, alarmed, smooth, embarrass, sympathy, elegant, pile, scan, fingernail, absurd, haircut, accompany, curtain, cushion, carpet, paint, awful ， affair, firm, firmly, declare, victory, envy, marriage, test out, ring up, turn around, leave alone b.重点句型 1.She felt embarrassed and quickly told him to go. 2.Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot. 3.By the amused and surprised look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought she was having an affair. 2.Ability goals 能力目标 : Help students to learn about robots and science fiction. 3. Learning ability goals学能目标： Enable students to realize science fiction reflects scientific thought; a fiction of things-to-come based on things-on-hand. Teaching important points教学重点 Teach students to enjoy science fiction. Enable students to grasp what Tony did to help Claire and how her emotion developed during
,[学生用书P213～P214])
Ⅰ.单词拼写根据音标及词义写出英文单词。1．catalogue['k?t?l?ɡ] n．目录2．angle['??ɡl] n. 角；角度 3．concept['k?nsept] n. 观念；概念4．platform['pl?tf??m] n. 台；平台；讲台5．anniversary[??nI'v??s?rI] n. 周年纪念(日) 6．astronaut['?str?n??t] n. 宇航员 7．clinic['klInIk] n. 门诊部；小诊所8．privilege['prIv?lId?] n. 特权；特别优待9．textbook['tekstb?k] n. 教科书；课本10．purchase['p??t??s] vt.&n. 买；购买11．toast['t??st] vt. 烤(面包等) n. 烤面包(片) 12．relevant['rel?v?nt] adj. 有关的；切题的13．remote[rI'm??t] adj. 遥远的；偏僻的
14．weekly['wi?klI] adj. & adv. 每周(的) 15．otherwise['?e?waIz] conj. 否则；不然adv. 用别的方法 16．donate[d??'neIt] vt. 捐赠 Ⅱ.单词拓展写出下列单词及其派生词。1．mud n．泥；淤泥；泥浆muddy adj. 泥泞的；模糊的；混乱的2．participate vi. 参与；参加 participation n. 参与；参加 participant n. 参加者；参与者3．distribute vt. 分配；分发 distribution n. 分配；分发；分布状态distributor n. 发行人；经销商；分销商4．secure vt. 保护 adj. 安全的 security n. 安全；保护；保障 5．voluntary adj. 自愿的；无偿的volunteer n. 志愿者
人教版高二英语选修7 Unit 4 Sharing 全单元教案 Warming-up and Reading Teaching Goal: 1. Target language volunteer, hear from, be dying to, come across, relevant, stick out, doorway, adjust, platform, soft, softly, grill, dry out, dry up, privilege, arrangement 2. Ability goal Enable Ss to learn about PNG and Jo’s work in PNG as a volunteer teacher 3. Learning ability goal Help the Ss lean how to read between lines and find the positive and negative aspects of doing something Teaching methods: Discussion, skimming, scanning and task-based method Teaching Aid A recorder, a projector and PPT. Teaching Procedures: Step 1 Warming-up Have you ever helped others? What did you do to help your parents or other relatives? Or your friends? Or people outside your community? I am sure you’ve a lot to say. OK, now et into gurops and finish the survey form on P28. Step 2 Pre-reading
Unit2 robot 第一部分语法 1.被动语态复习（一个不变，三个变）主动 时态不变He teach es English. 主语变宾语 主动变被动English is taught 宾语变主语by him.
被动 2.不定式的被动 （1）不定式的被动形式 等式相加：①一般式to be done to do +be done to be done ②完成式to have been done（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前） Eg.The book is said to have been translated into several languages.
to do have done be done to have been done 2. 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 1) 做主语（常用it做形式主语） To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. 2) 做表语 The party is to be held next Saturday evening. 3) 做宾语 She didn’t like to be treated as a child.
4) 做宾语补足语 Tony expected the house to be completely transformed. 5）做定语 The English are proud of the Olympic Games to be held in London. 6）做状语 All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas. 翻译练习 1.据说这会议已经被取消了 The meeting is said to have been canceled. 2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴
选修7 Unit 4 Shari ng
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Unit 4 Shari ng privilege arran geme nt toast don ate volu ntary purchase sew political 1. adj. 有关的；切题的 2. vi.& vt. 调整；（使）适合 3. vi. 参与；参加 4. con j .否则；不然 adv.用别的方法；其他方面 releva nt adjust participate otherwise 5. n. 特权；特别优待 6. n.安排；排列 7. vt.& n.烤（面包等）；敬酒；烤面包 & vt. 捐赠 9. adj. 自愿的，无偿的 10. vt.& n. 买；购买 11. vi.（用针线）缝 I .重要单词聚焦 缝制; vt. （片）;干杯 13 . vt. 分配，分发 14 . n. 分配；分发；分布状态 12. adj. 政治的；政党的
15.n.安全；保护，保障 vi.& vt. 工作；运转；操作 16. 17.n.门诊部；小诊所 distribute distributi on security operate clinic n.重点短语扫描 1. hear 接收……的信 2. the day 不久前的一天 3. dry （指河流、井等）干涸 4. to 适应 5. to be 诚实的说 6. Get 通过 7. set 建立；开张 & (be) to do 极想；渴望做某事 9. dry （使浸水等之物）完全变干；干透from other up adapt hon est through up dyi ng out 10. in 在困难中；在危急中 11. come 遇见 12. stick 伸出
BOOK 7 Unit4 Sharing 重点词汇与短语：relevant adjust purchase participate donate voluntary otherwise dying to come across stick out in need dry out the other day 重点句型： It is/was+ adj./ n. +(for sb. )+to do… 重点词汇relevant 【原句回放】 Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to the kids, most of whom will be going back to their villages after year 8. （Page 29） 【点拨】 relevant：adj. connected with the subject or be connected with 有关的; 恰当的, 贴切的, 切题的 常用搭配：be relevant to 1）His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 他的国籍与是否是个好律师无关。 2）This type of university course is no longer relevant to today’s problem. 这种大学课程与目前问题不再有关联了。 【拓展】relevance 用作名词，也可以说relevancy；其反义词是ir relevant；adjust 【原句回放】The hut was dark inside, so it took time for our eyes to adjust. （Page 30）【点拨】 adjust vt. to change slightly to make suitable for a particular job or new conditions. 调整；调节；使适合；使适应； 相关短语：adjust oneself to sth./ doing sth. …使自己适应于…… 【拓展】 形容词：adjustable 名词：adjustment make an adjustment 做出调整。 purchase 【原句回放】 When you purchase an item, we’ll send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person. （Page 34） 【点拨】purchase vt. to buy or to gain sth at the cost of effort, suffering or sth else 购买; （以某种代价）换得；（经过努力）取得，赢得（常与with连用） 1）It will cost almost all the money for an old couple to purchase a house now. 现在一对老夫妻要买一幢房子要花掉几乎所有的钱。 2）They purchased life at the expense of honour. 他们用荣誉换取了生命。 【拓展】purchase作名词, 指“购买; 购得物”。 participate 【原句回放】I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate. （Page 30）
B7U3 单词练习 1.Having w______ the accident, I felt it my duty to make a statement to the police. 2.However, some students have o______ views on the question. 3.He talked for two hours without p________ for breath. 4.Don’t you y_____ at me like that ! 5.Everyone f______ from the building when the fire alarm sounded. 6.She d______ herself out of bed, still half asleep. 7.They u______ Congress(国会) to approve plans for their reform programme. 8.She was a________ by her mother when she was a baby. 9.Cars without security devices are an easy t_______ for the thief.
10.Take some time to r_______ on your future plan. 11.She was dressed in p______ white clothes. 12.Though a______ of the dangers of smoking, smokers still find it hard to give up smoking. 13.There aren’t so many demons and ghosts; don’t s______ yourself. 14.The river determines the natural b_________ between the two countries. 15.We guarantee to r______ your money if you're not delighted with your purchase. 16.T_______ is the ability a group of people have to work well together. 17.A______ or yearly is something that happens once a calendar year. 句子翻译 1.我所看到的和我的愿望相反。(opposite)
语言文字运用复习提纲1 句子成分分析 ?重点：六种句子成分的辨别 ?难点：定语和状语修饰成分的排序 ?知识点：能划分句子成分并能判别句子成分残缺和搭配不当的语病。 一．句子六种成分 ?主语、谓语、宾语；——三种主要成分 ?定语、状语、补语；——三种附属成分 二．句子成分的标识符号 ?主语：“”划在主语下面 ?谓语：“——”划在谓语下面 ?宾语：“”划在宾语下面 ?定语：“（）”用在定语前后 ?状语：“[ ]”用在状语前后 ?补语：“〈〉”用在补语前后 三．句子成分作用 ?主语——是谓语陈述的对象 ?谓语——是对主语加以陈述的 ?宾语——是动语支配、关涉的对象 ?定语——是名词性短语里中心语前面的修饰语 ?状语——是谓词性短语里中心语前面的修饰语 ?补语——是谓词性短语里中心语后面的补充语 四．句子成分示例 ?定语：美丽的校园（美丽）的校园 ?状语：例1：安静地学习[安静]地学习 ?例2：吾尝终日而思矣吾尝[终日]而思矣修饰关系 ?补语： ?1、去一趟去〈一趟〉 ?2、高兴得跳了起来高兴得〈跳了起来〉 ?3、这张报纸好极了这张报纸好〈极〉了 五、主谓宾 ?1、主语：就是谓语陈述的对象，主要由名词、代词充当，动词、形容词、数量词及其短语也可充当主语。如：发展是硬道理。 ?2、谓语：是陈述主语的，一般由动词和形容词充当，其他实词和短语也可以充当谓语。如：战士们英勇顽强。你是学生。 ?3、宾语：是动词中心词支配的对象，一般由名词和代词充当，其他实词和短语也可以充当宾语。 如：大家喜欢游泳。他给我一本书（双宾语） ?4、定语：是名词中心语的修饰成份，名词、动词、形容词、数量词和短语充当定语。“的”是定语的标志。如：（浅浅的）月光流进了村子。 ?注意：定语后置。如：荷塘的四面长着许多树，（蓊蓊郁郁的）。 ?5、状语：是动词、形容词中心语的修饰成份。副词、形容词、表时间（处所）的名词和短语充当状语。“地”是状语的标志。如：汽车[在望不到边际的高原上]奔驰。（介宾短语）?6、补语：是对动词、形容词中心语起补充说明作用的成份。形容词、动词、代词、副词、数量
选修 7 Unit 2 SATISFACTION GUARANTEED Larry worked for a company 1. _____ made robots. Recently it had begun experimenting with a household robot, which was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. Claire didn’t want the robot in h er house, 2. ____Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her 3. ___________(harm). However, Claire felt alarmed when first saw the robot, Tony, 4. ______ seemed more like a human than a machine. He was tall and handsome 5. _____ smooth hair and 6. _____ deep voice although his facial expression never changed. 7. _________(good) at housework, Tony was a qualified household robot, who paid attention to Claire’s feelings as well. When Claire was unconfident about herself, he would feel sorry 8. ____ her. 9. ____ was ridiculous 10. _____________(offer) sympathy by a robot. One thing that disturbed Claire was 11. ______ she felt her home wasn’t elegant enough for someone like Larry who wanted to improve his social position. Therefore Tony promised (help) her. He gave Claire a new haircut and changed her makeup. After (scan) numbers of books, he made a list of items for Claire 14. _______ accompanying her to the shops. 15. ____________(buy) curtains, cushions, a carpet and bedding, she went into a jewelry shop to buy a necklace. When the clerk was rude to her, she rang Tony up and the clerk immediately changed his attitude after she spoke to him. Claire thanked Tony, 16. _____ (tell) him that he was a “dear”, which was seen by Gladys Claffern, who was one of the richest and most powerful women around, believing Clair was having an affair. Claire was annoyed as Gladys was everything she wanted to be. In order to help her, Tony suggested that she 17. _____ (invite) Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. Finally the party night arrived. The clock struck eight. The guests would be arriving soon and Claire told Tony to go into another room. At that moment, Tony folded his arms around her, 18. _____ (bend) his face close to 19. _____. She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didn’t want to leave her the next day 20. _____ that he felt more than just the desire to please her. Then the front door bell rang. Tony freed her and disappeared from sight. It was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window. Her guests had seen everything! The women 21. _____ (invite) to the party were impressed by Claire and everything in the house. Just before they left, Claire heard Gladys whispering to another woman that she had never seen anyone so handsome as Tony. What a sweet victory to be envied by those women! She might not be as beautiful as them, but none of them had such a handsome lover. Then she remembered—Ton y was just a machine. She shouted “Leave me alone” and ran to her bed. She cried all night. The next morning a car drove up and took Tony away. The company was very 22. _______(please) with Tony’s report on his three weeks with Claire. Tony had protected a human being from harm. He had prevented Claire 23. _____ harming herself through her own sense of 24. _____(fail). He had opened the curtains that night so that the other women would see him and Claire, knowing that there was no risk to Claire’s marriage. But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt—you cannot have women 25. ________(fall) in love with machines. Unit 2