2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练8
1.optimistic adj.乐观的
We are still optimistic, whatever the result may be.
我们仍然乐观，不论结果如何。
The stockholders are optimistic about the pany's future.股东对公司的前景很乐观。
反义词：pessimistic adj.悲观的
Her pessimistic attitude turns him off.
她那悲观的态度令他很不高兴。
________，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A．Shy and cautious B．Sensitive and thoughtful
C．Honest and confident D．Lighthearted and optimistic
2.climate n.
(1)气候
She is not used to living in a cold climate.
她不习惯寒带生活。
(2)(某一社会、时代的)风气，趋势；气氛，环境气氛
social climate 社会风气
political climate政治气候
the current climate of opinion目前的舆论环境
After the revolution，the climate of the country remained tense.
革命以后，那个国家的气氛依然紧张。
climate/weather辨析
climate：气候，指一个地区气候的总情况，如气温、降雨量等，还可指(社会)风气。
weather：天气，指特定的一天或某个时节的天气的具体情况，如冷暖阴晴等。
What will the weather be like tomorrow?
明天天气怎样？
I would rather live in France because of the climate.
由于气候原因，我宁愿住在法国。
单项填空
(1)For the sake of her daughter's health，she decided to move to a warm________. A．weather B．temperature
C．season D．climate
(2)Although farmers there mainly grow wheat，the________is also warm enough to grow rice. A．criminal B．climate C．air D．sky
3.flood
(1)n.洪水，水灾(可数)
The town was destroyed by the floods after the storm.
暴风雨过后，小镇被洪水淹没了。
(2)n.大批，大量流入
There was a flood of plaints about the poor service at the restaurant.
许多人投诉这家餐馆服务质量差劲。
考点提示：
a flood of words口若悬河
a flood of tears泪如泉涌
a flood of anger 勃然大怒
(3)vt.& vi.淹没；大量涌到
The river flooded the village.河水淹没了村庄。
Workers continue to flood into neighbouring cities to look for jobs.工人们不断涌进邻近的城市找工作。
完成句子
(1)大批感谢信像潮水般涌来。
Letters of thanks________.
(2)大批的人涌进大厅。
________crowded into the hall.
(3)办公室堆满了应聘这个职位的求职信。
The office was________applications for the job.
（4）When we visited my old family home，memory came ________ back.
A．flooding B．to flood C．flood D．flooded
4.reality n．现实，实际；真实，实际存在
His hope has bee a reality.
他的希望已变成现实。
考点提示：
bring sb back to reality使某人面对现实，不再抱有幻想
in reality＝in fact事实上，实际上，其实
turn sth into reality使……变为现实
escape from reality逃避现实
face up to reality面对现实
real adj.真实的
really adv.真实/正地
realistic adj.现实的，实际的
realize v．实现
realize one's dream实现梦想
单项填空
I am saving my money，so my dream of travelling to Europe will________.
A．e true B．realize
C．be e true D．turn into a reality
5.affect
(1)vt.影响
Smoking affects health.吸烟影响健康。
(2)使感动，被打动(一般用被动)
All the girls were deeply affected by the sad movie.
那部悲伤的电影深深地打动了所有的姑娘。
His speech affected the audience deeply.
她的演讲深深地打动了听众。
(3)(指疾病)侵袭，使感染
The left lung is affected by cancer.
左肺受到癌症侵蚀。
考点提示：
(1)affected adj.做作的，不自然的
affecting(moving ，touching)adj.使人感动的
affection n ．(C ，U)感情；慈爱；挚爱
Hearing the affecting story ，all the children present were affected to tears.
听了这感人的故事，所有在场的孩子都感动得流下了热泪。
He felt great affection for his sister.
他很疼他的妹妹。
(2)effect n ．影响；结果；作用
side effect 副作用
have an/no effect on...对……有(无)影响
cause and effect 因果
完成句子
(1)The whole munity________(受影响)by the terrible accident.
(2)Smoking can________(对……有坏影响) your health.
单项填空
(3)If taken in the wrong way ，the medicine will have some side________and________your health.
A ．effect ；affect
B ．affects ；effect
C ．effects ；affect
D ．effects ；affects （4）With the government's aid ，those________by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. A ．affect
B ．affecting
C ．affected
D ．were affected 6.offer (1)vt .(主动)提供/给予，出(价)，提出
?
????offer sb sth offer sth to sb 向某人提供某物 offer sb money for sth 开/出价给某人买某物
offer sb sth for money 以……价格卖给某人……
offer to do sth 主动提出要做什么
offer oneself as...毛遂自荐……
She offered to carry the box for her mother.
她提出要帮她母亲搬箱子。
I offered him a glass of wine.
我敬了他一杯酒。
We offered him the house for 5,000 dollars.
我们以5 000美元的价卖给他那所房子。
I offered him 5,000 dollars for the house.
我出价5 000美元买他那所房子。
He offered himself as a guide.
他毛遂自荐作一名向导。
(2)n.出价，提议，意图
accept/take an offer(of sth/to do sth)接受(做……的)提议
make an offer to do sth 主动要做……
You ought to accept the offer.
你应该接受别人主动提出的帮助。
Thank you for your offer of help/your offer to help.
感谢你提供的帮助。
单项填空
(1)I have been_________a large sum of money to go away ，but I am determined to stay here.
A ．suffered
B ．forced
C ．allowed
D ．offered
(2)—Why did you leave that position?
—I_________a better position at IBM.
A ．offer
B ．offered
C ．am offered
D ．was offered
(3)—Can I help you with it?
—I appreciate your________，but I can manage it myself.
A ．advice
B ．question
C ．offer
D ．idea
7.harm
(1)n .伤害，损害，危害
?
???
?do sb/sth harm do harm to sb/sth 对……有害 do no harm 无害
mean no harm(to...)(对……)没有恶意，无意伤害别人
do more harm than good 弊多利少，坏处大于好处
e to no harm 没有受到伤害
He meant no harm ；he was just joking.
他并无恶意，仅仅是开玩笑。
The heavy rain did a lot of harm to the crops.
大雨对庄稼造成很大的损害。
(2)v.损害，伤害，危害
Don't harm your eyes by reading in the dim light.
别在昏暗的光线下看书，这样会伤害你的眼睛。
Getting up early won't harm you!
早起对你无害。
harmful adj.有害的，伤害的
be harmful to sb/sth 对……有害
harmless adj.无害的，无恶意的
hurt/wound/injure/harm 辨析
hurt ：伤害，可指肉体上的轻伤，也可指感情上的挫伤。还可指人身体部位疼痛、刺痛。
wound ：刺伤，常指在打斗中，由外来暴力造成的刀伤、枪伤、剑伤，程度较重。
injure ：伤害，受伤，多指意外事故对肉体、健康造成的伤害。
harm ：伤害，多指给人的肉体或精神带来的伤害、不安或不便，尤指对健康造成损害。
完成句子
(1)The child fell over but__________________(没有伤着).
(2)I hurt her feelings，but_____________________________(我并无恶意)．
单项填空
(3)Giving children whatever they want________.
A．do them harm B．harm them C．does harm for them D．is harmful to them (4)Mrs.Green's car ran into a large tree and she________in the accident. A．got badly hurt B．was injured badly
C．got badly wounded D．was wounded badly
(5)My chest ________when I make a deep breath，doctor.
A．harms B．wounds C．hurts D．injures
8.fashion n．流行，时尚，时髦
be in/out of fashion正在/不再流行
e into fashion流行起来
go out of fashion渐渐过时
follow the fashion赶时髦
a fashion show时装表演
The skirt is out of fashion.这件裙子过时了。
翻译句子
(1)这些歌曲已经不流行了。
______________________________________________________
单项填空
(2)G3 mobile phones have e into________.Many young people love to use it. A．power B．fashion C．effect D．view
9.fancy vt.想像；想要做；幻想n.幻想，爱好，设想
take the fancy of...引起……的喜爱
fancy doing...想像做……，想要做……
fancy one's doing想像某人做……
fancy sb to be/as...想像某人是……
I can't fancy his doing such a thing.
我真无法想像他会做这样一件事。
Fancy meeting so many old friends here!
真想不到在这里遇到这么多老朋友。
完成句子
(2)我从未想到他会成为歌手。
I have never____________________________________a singer.
(3)今晚我不想呆在家里。
I don't________________________________tonight.
10.suggestion n．建议，提议
reject one's suggestion拒绝某人的建议
make a suggestion提出/做出建议
open to suggestions 欢迎提建议
at/on sb's suggestion 按照某人的建议
考点提示：
suggestion(建议，提议)对应的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的谓语动词用“should ＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。
My suggestion is that we(should)prepare for the examination tonight.
我的提议是今晚为考试作准备。
The suggestion that we (should)hold an English evening is so great.
我们将举行一个英语晚会的建议真是太好了。
suggest v .
(1)vt .建议，提议
suggest ????? 向某人建议或提议建议做某事that-clause从句中谓语动词用
“should＋do”，should 可以省略。 She suggested a visit to the park this afternoon. 她建议今天下午去参观那个公园。 My mother suggested our/us going to the cinema. 我母亲建议我们去看电影。 We suggested that we (should)finish the work ahead of time.我们建议提前完成工作。 (2)vt .暗示，表明 suggest ?
???? n .that-clause从句中谓语动词用陈述语气 Her sun-tanned face suggests excellent health.
她那被太阳晒黑的脸表明她非常健康。
What the boy said suggested that he was honest.
这个男孩所说的话表明他很诚实。
注意：suggest 不能用于suggest sb(not)to do sth 。
(1)Bill suggested________a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A ．having held
B ．to hold
C ．holding
D ．hold
(2)The fact that so many people still smoke in public place________that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the riks of smoking.
A ．suggest
B ．suggests
C ．suggested
D ．suggesting
答案：1.句意：豁达而乐观使她成为了能用自己的微笑把阳光传递给他人的那种女人。A 项意思是“害羞而
小心”，B项是“敏感而多虑”，C项是“诚实而自信”，D项是“豁达而乐观”。根据句意和语法应选D项。答案 D
2.(1)D (2)B
3.(1)flooded in (2)A flood of people (3)flooded with
（4.）考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们参观我的老家时，记忆涌上心头。flooding back为现在分词短语作方式状语。答案 A
4.句意：我正在存钱是为了我去欧洲旅行的梦想能够实现。 e true不能用被动语态； realize和 turn into
a reality应该用被动语态。答案 A
5.(1)was affected (2)have a bad effect on (3)C
（4）解析考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：在政府的帮助下，那些受地震影响的人们已经搬到了新的居住区。 those 是指受到地震影响的人，所以用被动形式。答案 C
6.(1)D (2)D
(3)解析句意：——需要帮忙吗？——谢谢帮忙的好意，我自己能行。本题考查名词辨析。advice意见，建议；question问题；offer(为某人做某事或给某人某事物的)提议，建议；idea观点，看法。根据句意可知选C项。答案 C
7.(1)came to no harm (2)I meant no harm (3)D (4)B (5)C
8.(1)These songs have been out of fashion. (2)B
9.(1)C (2)fancied him to be/fancied his being (3)fancy staying at home
10.(1)解析句意：比尔建议开一个关于假期为上海世博会做点什么的会议。 suggest 后要接动名词作宾语。A 项是现在分词的完成时，表示动作发生在suggest之前，由句意可知不合题意，故排除。答案 C (2)解析考查主谓一致。句意：在公共场所仍有很多人抽烟的事实表明我们需要一个全国运动来提高人们对于吸烟危害的认识。the fact是主语；that so many people still smoke in public place是同位语从句。这是现在的情况，所以用一般现在时。答案B
2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练9
1.historical adj.历史的，有关历史的
This is a historical event of China.
这是中国的一个历史性事件。
historical/historic辨析
historical：adj.通常表示和历史有关的、史学的或过去的。
historic：adj.通常表示历史上出名的或具有历史意义的。
This book is based on a historical event.
这本书来源于历史事件。
Waterloo is a historic battlefield.
滑铁卢战场是一个具有历史意义的战场。
用history的正确形式填空
(1)We have no________evidence for it.
单项填空
(2)The________Nanchang Uprising is the symbol of our formal fight against the enemy. A．history B．historic C．historical D．historied
2.pack
(1)vt.& vi.捆扎，包装，挤满，塞满
She packed her bags and left.
她收拾好行李就动身了。
The room was packed with people.屋子里挤满了人。
(2)n.捆，包裹；一伙(人)，一帮(人)；大量，一大堆
a pack of cigarettes
＝a packet/a package of cigarettes一包香烟
a pack of thieves一伙小偷
a pack of lies连篇的谎话
The workers________the glasses and marked on each box“This side up”．
A．carried B．delivered C．pressed D．packed
3.reject v．拒绝(接受)；废弃；摒弃
We felt a bit embarrassed，as our offer was rejected.
我们觉得有些尴尬，因为我们的提议被拒绝了。
Being disabled，he was rejected by many panies.
由于残疾，许多公司拒绝雇佣他。
The young generation has rejected many of the traditions and customs of its parents.
年轻一代摒弃了父母的许多传统习俗。
rejection n．拒绝
I have a good many things to fear，among which I fear rejection and loneliness most.
许多事让我害怕，其中最让我害怕的是被冷落和孤独。
refuse/reject辨析
refuse：通常暗示决心且常带有粗鲁之义。可接名词、代词或动词不定式。主语为人、物均可。reject：表示因为不令人满意、有缺陷或无用而抛弃；它暗示无条件的拒绝。后多接名词，主语为人。She refused to help me.她不肯帮助我。
We rejected his idea for a music club，and decided to have an art club instead.
我们没有采纳他关于成立音乐俱乐部的想法，而是决定成立艺术俱乐部。
(1)The patient's body________the transplanted heart，which surprised all of them. A．reflected B．rejected C．projected D．objected
(2)Thousands of people________to pay taxes.
A．rejected B．refused C．refusal D．rejection
(3)I asked him to lend me some money，but he________.
A．refused B．rejected C．agreed D．didn't do
（4）— Are you still mad at her?
—Not really，but I can't________that her remarks hurt me.
A．deny B．refuse C．reject D．decline
4.reaction n．反应
What was his reaction to the news?
他对这消息有何反应？
reaction to sb/sth对……反应/回应
in reaction to...对……作出反应/回应
These changes were not in reaction to the pany's recent losses.
这些变动不是针对公司最近的损失而作出的反应。
react v．反应，回应
react to sb/sth对……作出反应，回应
react against sb/sth反对，反抗，抗拒……
react on/upon...对……有影响
react with...与……起化学反应
用适当的介词填空
(1)The eye reacts________light.
(2)Your attitude will react________him.
(3)He reacted________your punishment by not ing here.
(4)Hydrogen(氢气)reacts________oxygen(氧气)．
5.responsible adj.有责任的，应负责任的；可信任的，可靠的
You'd better give the paper to a responsible man.
你最好把文件交给一个可靠的人。
The pilot of the plane is responsible for the passengers' safety.飞行员要对乘客的安全负责。responsibility n．责任
be responsible for sth对……负责；作为原因
be responsible to sb对某人负责
a sense of responsibility责任感
have responsibility for sth对……负责
It's one's responsibility to do做……是某人的责任
注意：responsible作“需负责任的，应负责任的”讲时，不可置于名词前。作“可靠的，可信任的”讲时，可以放在名词前修饰名词。
Who's responsible for this terrible mess?
谁应该对这一团糟的局面负责？
You can leave the children with him—he's very responsible.你可以把孩子留给他——他是非常可靠的。
Now that you're 13 you should have more sense of responsibility.
你现在已十三岁了，应当有更多的责任感。
(1)Scientists found that the chemical was directly________for those deaths.
A．responsible B. responsive C．guilty D．accounting
(2)Even though parents no longer live together，they each continue to be________for their children. A．responsible B．responsibility C．response D．responsive
完成句子
(3)帮你提高英语是我的责任。
It's my responsibility________________you improve your Enlgish.
6.permission n．允许，许可
No official permission has been given for the event to take place.
这项活动未得正式批准，不能进行。
She took the car without permission.
她未经允许擅自使用了汽车。
permit vt.允许，准许
permit sb to do sth允许某人做某事
permit doing sth允许做……
ask for permission请求许可
give sb permission to do sth允许某人做某事
ask permission for sth为某事报请批准
without permission未经许可
with sb's permission/with the permission of sb在某人的许可/准许下
(1)He entered the room without ________，which angered his parents.
A．inviting B．asking C．told D．permission
(2)I applied to the authorities for________to cross the frontier.
A．permission B．permits C．excuse D．expedition
（3）Passengers are permitted________only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
A．to carry B．carrying C．to be carried D．being carried
7.ordinary adj.平常的，普通的
Readers of the magazine said they wanted more stories about ordinary people.
这本杂志的读者说他们想要更多关于普通人的故事。
out of the ordinary不平常的，非凡的，特殊的
in the ordinary way一般地，通常地
In the ordinary way，she's not a nervous person.
一般而言，她不是一个爱紧张的人。
I'm looking for something a little more out of the ordinary.
我正在找些稍不寻常的东西。
ordinary/mon/general/usual辨析
这四个词都有“普通的”意思，但含义有细微的不同。
(1)ordinary与mon意思相近。有“日常的”，“随时碰到的”，“平常的”，“平凡的”，“平淡无奇的”等含义，是distinguished和superior的反义词。
He is in ordinary clothes.他穿着平常的衣服。
(2)mon有“时时发生的”，“平凡的”，“阶级低微的”等含义。反义词是rare和unmon。
It was not a mon thing for him to receive letters.
对他来说收到信不是常有的事。
(3)general含有“多数的”，“较少例外的”含义，如普通的意见、习俗、习惯、规则、见解、真理等等。He has a good general education.
他受到良好的普通教育。
(4)usual多指“习惯性的”，“遵循常规的”，“一贯如此的”。
He made the usual mistakes which all beginners make.
他犯的就是那些初学者老犯的错误。
(1)Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as________sickness. A．normal B．regular C．average D．ordinary
(2)Though he is an________worker，he works very hard.
A．ordinary B．mon C．usual D．general
(3)In my opinion，the________feeling is that you have made a serious mistake. A．general B．mon C．ordinary D．universal
8.type n．类型，种类
different racial types不同的人种
a rare blood type罕见的血型
I love this type of book.
我喜欢这类书籍。
I love these types of books.
我喜欢这些种类的书籍。
考点提示：
(1)type n．具有某种特征的人，典型；v.打字，打印
She's the artistic type.
她是艺术家一类的人。
She's not my type.
她不是我喜欢的那种人。
How fast can you type?
你打字有多快？
(2)type of后接的名词通常无冠词。
this type of hat＝a hat of this type这种样式的帽子
(3)同义词kind/sort
①用单数kind/sort还是复数kinds/sorts取决于之前的用词
each/every/one kind of animal每一种/一种动物
all/many/other sorts of animals所有/许多/其他种类的动物
②kind/sort of后接单数名词或不可数名词，kinds/sorts of后接复数名词或不可数名词。This kind of question often appears in the exam.
这种问题在考试中常出现。
That sort of behaviour is not acceptable.
那样的行为是不允许的。
These sorts of behaviour are not acceptable.
这种行为是不允许的。
These kinds of questions often appear in the exam.
此类问题在考试中常出现。
单项填空
(1)Do you know what________of blood is yours?
A．type B．kind C．sort D．matter
完成句子
(2)He is not________________to be unfaithful.
他不是背信弃义的那种人。
(3)They're two of________—both workaholics!
他们俩一个样——都是工作狂！
9.unique adj.独特的，唯一的，独一无二的，无人可比的
Each person's fingerprints are unique.
每个人的指纹都是不同的。
Van Gogh was a unique painter.
梵·高是一位独一无二的画家。
(1)作“唯一的，独一无二的”意思时可用absolutely，totally或almost修饰。作“独特的，罕见的”讲时，可用more，very等修饰。
(2)unique to sb/sth意为“(某人、地或事物)独具的，特有的”。
The Koala is unique to Australia.
树袋熊是澳大利亚独有的。
In this lecture，I can only give you a purely________view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
A．private B．personal C．unique D．different
10.through prep.
(1)凭借；因为；由于
You can only achieve success through hard work.
你只有孜孜不倦才能成功。
I heard of the job through a newspaper advertisement.
我从报纸广告中知道了这份工作。
(2)穿过，经过
The Thames River flows through London.
泰晤士河流经伦敦。
The burglar got in through the window.
窃贼是从窗户进来的。
(3)自始至终，从头到尾
The children are too young to sit through the concert.
这些孩子太小，音乐会没完就坐不住了。
He will not live through the night.
他活不过今天夜里。
考点提示：
all through一直；从来就
be through(with)完成；做好
through and through地地道道，彻头彻尾
get through通过；接通
go through一直进入；通过
all through the night整夜
break through突破
(1)He suddenly saw Sue________the street.He pushed his way________the crowd of people to get to her.
A．across；across B．over；through
C．over；into D．across；through
(2)The sunlight came in________the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.
A．through B．across C．on D．over
（3）—Have you________？
—No.I had the wrong number.
A．got in B．got away C．got off D．got through
答案：1.(1)historical (2)B
2.解析句意：工人们把玻璃杯装好，并给每个箱子标上“此面向上”的标记。pack包装，给……打包。答案 D
3.(1)B (2)B (3)A
（4）解析考查词义辨析。句意：——你对她还很恼火吗？——不恼火了。但我不能否认的是她的话确实伤害了我。 deny 否认； refuse 拒绝；reject拒绝；decline 下降，减少。
答案 A
4.(1)to (2)on (3)against (4)with
5.(1)A (2)A (3)to help
6.(1)D (2)A
（3）解析考查非谓语动词。句意：“旅客只可以随身携带一件行李登机。”permit sb to do sth允许某人做某事，句中是被动语态，passengers是carry的逻辑主语，用主动式。故选A。
答案 A
7.(1)D (2)A (3)A
8.(1)A (2)the type (3)a kind
9.解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这次演讲中，就如何生活得丰富多彩(这个问题)，我只能给出纯个人的观点，并且对未来提出一些建议。根据句意，此处的观点应该只属于我个人而不涉及他人，因此选择B。private私人的，隐私的；unique 独特的，独一无二的； different 不同的，差异的，均不合题意。
答案 B
10.(1)D (2)A
（3）解析句意：“打通电话了吗？”“没有。电话号码错了。”get in 进入，插嘴；get away逃脱，离开；get off 下车；get through 通过；接通。答案 D
A break with 分开a departure from Abundant 丰富的,充裕的plentiful Accelerated 加速increased Accessible易接近的,可靠近的available Accordingly 因此,从而consequently Accordingly 因此for that reason Account for 解释,说明explain Accumulated 积聚,积累built up Acute 敏锐的,剧烈的intense Adequate 充分的,足够的sufficient Adhere 坚持stick Administered 管理managed Adorned 装修decorated Advent 出现,到来arrival Adversely 逆向/反的negatively Aesthetically 美学的,艺术的artistically Affront 侮辱,冒犯insult Agents 动因,代理人causes Aided 帮助的helped Alert 警惕ware Allay 减轻,减少reduce Altered 改变changed Alternative 选择：option Altogether 完全的completely Annihilate 消灭,征服conquer Antecedent 先行的的,先辈predecessor Apace with 快速的,急速的as fast as Appeal 吸引attraction Appealing吸引人的attractive Apply to 应用于used for Appreciated赏识,意识到recognized Aptly 恰当的appropriately Article 物品object Ascribed to 归功于,认为assumed to be true of Assembling 聚集gathering Assortment 种类variety Astounding 惊讶的surprising At any rate 无论如何regardless 不管Attachment to 倾向于preference for Attained 达到,获得achieved Attained 达到,获得achieved Attained 获得reached Attendant 伴随的accompanying Attests to 证明give evidence of Attire 服装clothing Avail themselves 利用make use Barren 贫瘠的：infertile Besides 除此之外in addition to Bias 偏见prejudice Biting 尖锐的sharp Boosted 鼓舞raised Boosted推进raised Bound 系,绑tied Bounds 限制：limits Bring about 引起cause Brittle易碎的,脆弱的easily broken By virtue of 由于because of Calculated 计算,决定determined Came of age 出现了,成名了established itself Came to the forefront 来到最前线/变得很重要became important Carried on 继续continued Carry 承担：support Ceased 停止stop Celestial 天文学的：astronomical Chance 偶然的：unplanned Chronicle 记载,记录,编年史describe Circumscribed 限制restricted Classified 分类categorized Cluster 成群group Coarse 粗糙的crude Coarser 粗糙的rougher Cohesion 凝聚力unity Coincided with 一致,符合happened at the same time Coined 组成,创造：created Comparably 相似地：similarly Compelling 强迫地,又说服力的forceful Components 组成部分parts Concealed 隐藏covered Concentrated 集中：clustered Conclusive 总结性的definitive Concomitant with 同时发生的,与之伴随的in conjunction with Confine 限制restrict Confined 局限：limited Conflicting 对立的：apposing Conjectural 猜测的based on guessing Consciously 有意识地,故意地purposely Consequence 结果result Conserve 维持,保留retain Consist 一致的,协调的constant Consorted 交往associated Conspicuous 明显的noticeable Constant 持续的,一致的consistent Constituents 组成部分components Constituting 组成making up Consumed消耗,吃eaten Consumption 消费,吃eating
高考英语考纲词汇词形练习复习3 ( 1 ) 附近，近的，在附近 1. The post office is quite __________. 2. He lives __________ ----- two hundred meters from us. 3. The injured men were sent to a __________ hospital. 4. There was a restaurant __________ the cinema. ( 2 ) 动手术，操作，开动 1. He __________ on the baby’s throat, and saved its life. 2. The lift is __________ by electricity. 3. The __________ of this machine is simple. ( 3 ) 外，在外，向外的，出外 1. This door opens __________, not inward. 2. We took a trip __________ the country. 3. He has gone all __________ to win the election. 4. The __________ door was wide open but the inner one was locked. 5. Wilson was waiting for him __________. 6. Don’t judge a man from his __________. 7. The bell won’t ring, it’s __________ of order. ( 4 ) 办公室，职务，职责，军官，官员，官方的，正式的 1. His uncle was an __________ in the army. 2. His __________ is on the second floor. 3. The President and the Secretary of State are government __________. 4. In Zaire there are four __________ languages. ( 5 ) 开，开着的，开放的，口，缝隙，开始 1. There was an __________ in the wall. 2. The book’s __________ is dull, but the last chapters are interesting. 3. When do the shops __________? 4. The castle is __________ to visitors in summer.
2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训 练3
2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练3 1.peacefully adv.安静地，和平地 He died peacefully without any pain. 他安静地离开了人世，没有一点痛苦。 He was back in her arms and she could once again sleep peacefully.他回到了她的怀里，她又能睡得安稳了。[剑桥高阶] All the people in the world want to live peacefully. 全世界的人们都想过平安宁静的生活。 (1)peace n．和平，安详，平静 in peace(＝peacefully) 安心地，平安地，安静地 make peace with... 与……讲和 at peace 处于和平状态，和睦地(与at war相反) The two countries are now at peace after a 10-year war. 十年的战争之后，这两个国家目前处于和平状态。 (2)peaceful adj. 安静的，和平的，宁静的 a peaceful place/evening 宁静的地方/夜晚 品句填词： (1)The war was a great danger to world p________. (2)I decided that I would go and make p________ with her. (3)We want to settle the problem by p________ means. (4)I want my children to be brought up in a p________ world. (5)We want the problem to be settled p________. 2.deal v．处理，应付 n. ①量，数量②交易 完成句子/单项选择 ①这学期开始我们将有许多难题要解决。 At the beginning of this term, we'll have many difficulties __________________________. ②他在大会上做了一次演讲，谈民间音乐。 He made a speech in the university, _______________. ③他很难打交道。 He is ____________________________. ④We all know that, ________， the situation will get worse. A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with ⑤我们不知道怎样处理这些废料。 We don't know ________ to do with the waste materials. ＝We don't know ________ to deal with the waste materials. ⑥对付小偷最好的办法是什么？ What's the best way of ____________________ thieves? ⑦雨水把大量的泥沙冲下山坡。 _________________________ sand were washed down the hillside by the rain. ⑧每年在烟草上花去大量的钱。 ____________ money is spent on tobacco every year.
托福考试高频词汇1000 A a pivotal figure a pivotal figure (关键)人物pivot 轴心 premium premium n.保险金a.高级的，高价的 a premium student a premium student 优秀学生 a range of a range of 一系列的东西（有顺序）a range from sth. to sth. 从...到...范围，排列不等 abandon abandon 抛弃，放纵abandonment n. abbreviate abbreviate v. 缩短，缩写abbreviation n. abrasion abrasion n.磨损 abstract abstract (ab-去掉,stract 拉)a.抽象的n.概要 absurd absurd a.荒谬的 abundance abundance (und-波浪) n.丰富，多'麦浪翻滚'undulate/fluctuate 波动 accelerate accelerate (celer-速度)v.加速，不断增长celerity速度decelerate v.减速 have access to have access to 能够接触，靠近you have access to the library accessible accessible a.可靠近的 acclaim acclaim v.欢呼，欢迎acclaimed a.受人欢迎的 accommodate accommodate v.给人提供食宿；与...相符，适应(commod- 方便commodity 商品 accommodating accommodating a.乐于助人的 accompany accompany v.陪伴，伴奏accompanist 伴奏者accompaniment n.陪伴物，伴奏 accord accord v.和谐一致(-ion琴)accordion 手风琴 accumulate accumulate(cumul-堆积)v.聚堆积cumulus 积云 accustom accustom v.使习惯get accustomed to sth. 海关custom 关税tariff acquaintance acquaintance n.熟悉，认识 acronym acronym(acr-高,-onym词)n.首字母缩略词 acute acute a.敏锐的性急的，急性病chronic慢性病 adapt adapt v.适应环境adaptable 能适应的adaptation 适应，改写本 addictive addictive a.(吸毒)上瘾的addict (dict-被命令做某事)v.使沉迷 additive additive (add-加)添加剂，附加的 adept adept a.老练的 adjoining/adjacent adjoining/ adjacent a.邻近的，毗邻的 adjust adjust (just-正确)v.调整，校准adjustment n. adobe adobe n.土坯，印第安人造房原料 abode abode n.住所，住房 adopt adopt (opt-选择)v.收养，采纳adoption n. adornment adornment (orn-饰)n. 装饰ornamentation 饰品 advent advent n.来到adventure n.冒险with the advent of 21 century 随着21世纪的到来 adverse adverse(-verse转)a.不利的，逆反的～wind 逆风～influence 不利影响adversity n.灾难，不幸，逆境adversary n.对手，敌手advocate advocate v./n.支持，拥护(者) anesthetic esthetic a.感觉的anesthetic (an-无)a.麻醉的aesthetic a.美感的，美学的 affect affect v.影响，假装severe strom adversely affect our study affected affected a.装模作样的affection n.友爱，友情 affectation affectation n.假装 affiliate affiliate(fili-绳子,家族,一条线,儿子)v.变成...的儿子，和...联合,加盟进去,附加filiale 子公司filial 子女的，孝顺的 afflict afflict(flict-打击)v.折磨conflict n.冲突
A 1. abandon v. 放弃,遗弃 2. abnormal a.反常的，不正常的 3. aboard prep./adv.搭乘 4. abolish v.废除，废止 5. abrupt a.突然的，意外的，粗鲁的 6. absolute a.纯粹的，绝对的 7. absorb v.吸收，吸取 8. abstract a.& n.抽象的/精粹，摘要 9. absurd a.不合理的，荒谬的 10. abundant a.丰富的，充足的 11. abuse v.滥用，辱骂 12. academic a. & n. 学术的/大学生， 13. accelerate v.增速，加速 14. acceptable a. 值得接受的, 可接受的 15. access n.& v. 接近，进入，通道/存取 16. accessible a.易到手的，易接近的 17. accident n. 事故，意外的事 18. accommodation n.住宿设备，便利 19. accompany v.伴随，伴奏 20. accomplish v.完成，实现，达到 21. account n. 账目；描述 22. accountant n.会计师，会计人员 23. accuracy n.正确，精确 24. accurate a.正确的，精确的 25. accuse v.控告，告发 26. accustomed a.习惯的，惯常的 27. achievement n.完成，成就 28. acknowledge v.承认，认为 29. acquisition n.获得，取得 30. adapt v.使适应，使适合/改编 31. adequate a.充分的，足够的 32. adjust v.调整，调节/顺应 33. adjustment n.调整，调节 34. administration n.管理，经营 35. admirable a.极好的，值得称赞的 36. admission n. 准入, 接纳 37. adolescent n.青少年 38. adopt v.采用，采纳 39. advantage n. 优点；好处40. advertise vt. 为……做广告 41. advertisement n. 广告 42. advocate v. 拥护，主 43. affection n.情爱，爱情 44. agency n.代办处/局 45. agenda n.会议议程 46. agent n.代理人，代办人，中间商 47. aggressive a. 侵略的；咄咄逼人的 48. agricultural a. 农业的 49. agriculture n. 农业，农学 50. alcohol n.酒精 51. allocate v.分配，分派 52. allowance n.津贴，补贴 53. alphabet n.全套字母 54. alternative a.(两者或以上)选其一的 55. amateur n.爱好者 a.业余的 56. ambassador n.大使 57. ambassadress n.女大使，大使夫人 58. ambiguous n.歧义的，意思含糊不清的 59. ambition n.雄心，抱负 60. ambulance n. 救护车 61. amount n.总额，数量 v.总计， 62. analyze v.分析 63. analysis n.分析 64. ancestor n. 祖宗；祖先 65. ancient a. 古代的，古老的 66. anniversary n.纪念日，纪念活动 67. annual a adj.每年的, 年度的, 一年一次的n.一年生植物；年刊, 年报, 年鉴 68. antique n. 古董 69. anxiety n. 忧虑，焦急 70. apparent a.外表的，明显的 71. appeal v. & n. 要求，诉诸/恳求 72. appendix n.附属物，附录 73. appetite n.食欲，渴望 74. applaud v. & n.拍手喝彩，赞扬 75. applicant n. 申请者，志愿者 76. appoint v.任命，指定 77. appointment n. 约会 78. appreciate v. 欣赏；感激 79. approach n.& v. 接近/走近，方 .专业WORD.
2019-2020年高考英语高频词汇必背及训练1 1.access ①通道，入口②(接近或进入的)方法，机会，权利③[vt.]取得，获取（尤指计算机数据）考点提示： ①have access to sth.可以使用……/有……接触机会 have access to a car/a puter.有汽车/计算机可以使用 ②gain/get access (to sth.)进入[某地】；见到[某人或某物] 完成句子 ①学生需要得到图书的方便途径。 Students need easy _____________________ the books. ②每个人都有受教育权。 Everyone __________________________ education. ③只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。 _____________________________their house is along that narrow road. 2.absence n. ①缺席，不在场[反presence] ②不存在，缺乏 考点提示: ①absent (adj.) 缺席的；不在的; be absent from……不在……；缺席…… be absent for……（不在）去了……
②in/during sb’s absense在某人不在期间 完成句子 ①我不在时，请照看我的房子。 Please take care of my house ________________________________________________________________________. ②在缺乏其他证据下，我们不得不认为这属实。 We were obliged to accept it as true ________________________________________________________________________. ③老师对他旷课很生气。 The teacher was angry at his ________________________________________________________________________. ④他今天缺课/缺勤/缺席会议。 He ___________________________ today. ⑤有些国家终年无雪。 Snow __________________________ some countries. ⑥他外出了，现在在欧洲。 He ________________________. 3.suppose vt.认为，猜想
2019 高考英语高频词 1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更 2.burst vi./n. 突然发生,爆裂 3.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) 4.blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸,炸掉 5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽 6.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的 7.spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出 9.slip v. 滑动,滑落；忽略 10.slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种,品种v. 繁殖,产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算,作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人 15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17.transform v. 转变,变革；变换 18.transmit v. 传播,播送；传递 19.transplant v. 移植 20.transport vt. 运输,运送n. 运输,运输工具 21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化,改变；使多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见 24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下n. 燕子 25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/52842565.html,d a. 温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的 28.tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的 29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或事物） 30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的；无价值的 31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进 32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的；完全的 33.boundary n. 分界线,边界 34.brake n. 刹车,制动器v. 刹住（车） 35.catalog n. 目录（册）v. 编目 36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的 37.vain n. 徒劳,白费38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的 40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的n. 极端,过分 41.agent n. 代理人,代理商；动因,原因 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精 43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求 44.appreciate vt. 重视,赏识,欣赏 45.approve v. 赞成,同意,批准 46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励 47.acquire vt. 取得,获得；学到 48.accomplish vt .完成,到达；实行 https://www.doczj.com/doc/52842565.html,work n. 网状物；广播网,电视网；网络 50.tide n. 潮汐；潮流 51.tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的 52.trace vt. 追踪,找到n. 痕迹,踪迹 53.torture n./vt. 拷打,折磨 54.wander vi. 漫游,闲逛 55.wax n. 蜡 56.weave v. 织,编 57.preserve v. 保护,保存,保持,维持 61. abuse v. 滥用,虐待；谩骂 62. academic a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的 63. academy n. （高等）专科院校；学会 64. battery n. 电池（组） 65. barrier n. 障碍；棚栏 66. cargo n. （船、飞机等装载的）货物 67. career n. 生涯,职业 68. vessel n. 船舶；容器,器皿；血管 69. vertical a. 垂直的 70. oblige v. 迫使,责成；使感激 71. obscure a. 阴暗,模糊 72. extent n. 程度,范围,大小,限度 73. exterior n. 外部,外表a. 外部的,外表的 74. external a. 外部的,外表的,外面的 75. petrol n. 汽油 76. petroleum n. 石油 77. delay vt./n. 推迟,延误,耽搁 1
paragraph ['p?r?ɡrɑ:f] n.段落vt.将…分段 follow ['f?l?u] v.跟随,接着,沿着,遵循 increase [in'kri:s] n./v.增加,增长,提高 begin [b?'ɡ?n] v.开始,着手 period ['pi?ri?d] n.一段时间,时期,周期 human ['hju:m?n] n.人,人类 species ['spi:?i:z] n.种类,物种 information [?inf?'mei∫?n] n.信息,消息,通知 small [sm?:l] a.小的,少的 different ['dif?r?nt] a.不同的,个别的 during ['dju?ri?] prep.在...的期间, 在…的时候 refer [ri'f?:] v.提及,把…归因于,求助于,查阅 answer ['ɑ:ns?] n.答案.v.回答,响应 surface ['s?:fis] n.表面.v.浮现,对...进行表面处理adj. 肤浅的live [liv] /[laiv] v.活着,居住.a.活的,直播的[laiv] idea [ai'di?] n.想法,思想,概念 part [pɑ:t] n.部分,角色,零件.v.分开,分离 land [l?nd] n.陆地,国土.v.靠岸,着陆 development [di'vel?pm?nt] n.发展,研制,新社区,开发 up [?p] ad./a.向上(的).prep.沿…往上n.上升,繁荣grow [ɡr?u] v.生长,成长,种植,发展 support [s?'p?:t] vt./n.支持,支撑,供养 take [teik] v.拿,取,带,接受,吃 number ['n?mb?] n.数(字).v.遍号码,计算 material [m?'t??r??l] n.材料,原料.a.物质的,重要的 product ['pr?d?kt] n.产品,产物.n.乘积 her [h?:;?:?h?,?] pron.她(的) often ['?(:)fn,'?:ft?n] ad.常常,经常 through [θru:] prep.穿过,凭借.ad./a.自始至终 place [pleis] n.地方.vt.放置,任命.n.名次 develop [di'vel?p] v.发展,制订,开发 sea [si:] n.海,海域 body ['b?di] n.身体,主体 child [t∫aild] n.孩子,产物 world [w?:ld] n.世界,界,领域 show [∫?u] v.证明,显现,说明.n.表演 1
高考高频词汇必背及训练系列8 1.optimistic adj.乐观的 We are sti ll optimistic, whatever the result may be. 我们仍然乐观，不论结果如何。 The stockholde rs are optimistic about the company's future.股东对公司的前景很乐观。 反义词：pessimistic adj.悲观的 Her pessimistic attitude turns him off. 她那悲观的态度令他很不高兴。 ________，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A．Shy and cautious B．Sensitive and thoughtful C．Honest and confident D．Lighthearted and optimistic 2.climate n. (1)气候 She is not used to living in a cold climate. 她不习惯寒带生活。 (2)(某一社会、时代的)风气，趋势；气氛，环境气氛 social climate 社会风气 political climate政治气候 the current climate of opinion目前的舆论环境 After the revolution，the climate of the country remained tense. 革命以后，那个国家的气氛依然紧张。 climate/weather辨析 climate：气候，指一个地区气候的总情况，如气温、降雨量等，还可指(社会)风气。weather：天气，指特定的一天或某个时节的天气的具体情况，如冷暖阴晴等。 What will the weather be like tomorrow? 明天天气怎样？ I would rather live in France because of the climate. 由于气候原因，我宁愿住在法国。 单项填空 (1)For the sake of her daughter's health，she decided to move to a warm________. A．weather B．temperature C．season D．climate (2)Although farmers there mainly grow wheat，the________is also warm enough to grow rice. A．criminal B．climate C．air D．sky 3.flood (1)n.洪水，水灾(可数) The town was destroyed by the floods after the storm. 暴风雨过后，小镇被洪水淹没了。 (2)n.大批，大量流入 There was a flood of complaints about the poor service at the restaurant. 许多人投诉这家餐馆服务质量差劲。 考点提示： a flood of words口若悬河 a flood of tears泪如泉涌
2015高考高频词汇必背及训练系列5 1.surprise n．惊奇，惊奇的事 I have got a big surprise for you. 我给你带来了一个大的惊喜。 v．使吃惊 What surprised us most was that she had such a sweet voice.最让我们感到惊讶的是她有如此甜美的嗓音。 to one's surprise 令人吃惊的是 To my surprise, he finished the task only in a few days. 令我惊讶的是他竟然在几天之内就完成了任务。 注意：surprising 表示令人惊讶；主语通常是使人惊讶的事；surprised 表示主语本身产生的情绪，主语是人。 What you've told me is surprising. 你给我讲的情况真令人吃惊。 The news made us surprised.这消息使我们很惊讶。 Though ________ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. A．surprise B．was surprised C．surprised D．being surprised 2.disaster n．灾难，不幸，祸患 Fires，floods and earthquakes are disasters. 火灾、水灾和地震都是灾难。 This is one of the worst natural disasters ever to befall the area.这是该地区所经历的最严重的自然灾害之一。 考点提示： disaster-affected area 受灾地区 a traffic disaster 交通惨祸 a disaster to s b 某人的灾难 escape disaster 逃避灾难 die in the disaster 死于灾祸 The voyage to the Atlantic Ocean ended________. A．with disaster B．in disaster C．with destroy D．in fail 3.promote vt. (1)促进，增进 Exercise promotes health.锻炼可增进健康。 The organization works to promote friendship between nations.该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。 (2)使(某人)升级，擢升(某人)至……(to) The boy was promoted to the fourth grade. 这个男孩升到四年级。
2019高考英语高频单词 1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更['I?:lt?(r)] 2.burst vi./n. 突然发生,爆裂[b?:st] 3.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) [d ?' sp??z] 4.blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸,炸掉[blɑ:st] 5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽[k?n'sju:m] 6.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的[spl?t] 7.spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出[sp?l] 9.slip v. 滑动,滑落；忽略 10.slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片[sla?d] 11.bacteria n. 细菌[b?k' t??ri?] 12.breed n. 种,品种v. 繁殖,产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算,作安排['b?d??t] 14.candidate n. 候选人['k?nd?d?t] 15.campus n. 校园['k?mp?s] 16.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的['l?b ?r?l] 17.transform v. 转变,变革；变换[tr?ns'f ?:m] 18.transmit v. 传播,播送；传递[tr?ns'm?t] 19.transplant v. 移植[tr?ns'plɑ:nt] 20.transport vt. 运输, n. 运输,运输工具['tr?nsp?:t] 21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化,改变；使多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见['v?n??] 24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下n. 燕子['swɑ:lo ?] 25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心[s?'sp??n] 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的[s?'sp???s] https://www.doczj.com/doc/52842565.html,d a. 温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的[ma ?ld] 28.tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的['tend?(r)] 29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或事物）['nju:sns] 30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的；无价值的[I?ns?g'n?f?k?nt] 31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进[?k'sel?re?t] 32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的；完全的['?bs?lu:t] 33.boundary n. 分界线,边界['ba?ndri] 34.brake n. 刹车,制动器v. 刹住（车）[bre?k] 35.catalog n. 目录（册）v. 编目['k?t?l ?:g] 36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的[ve?g] 37.vain n. 徒劳,白费[ve?n] 38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的[?k' st??kt] 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的[?k' str?:dnri] 40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的n. 极端,过分[?k' stri:m] 41.agent n. 代理人,代理商；动因,原因[' e?d??nt] 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精[' ?lk?h ?l] 43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求[?' pi:l] 44.appreciate vt. 重视,赏识,欣赏[?' pri:?ie?t] 45.approve v. 赞成,同意,批准[?' pru:v] 46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励[I'st?mjule?t] 47.acquire vt. 取得,获得；学到[?' kwa??(r)] 48.accomplish vt .完成,到达；实行[?' k?mpl??] https://www.doczj.com/doc/52842565.html,work n. 网状物；广播网,电视网；网络['netw?:k] 50.tide n. 潮汐；潮流[ta?d] 51.tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的[' ta?di] 52.trace vt. 追踪,找到n. 痕迹,踪迹[tre?s] 53.torture n./vt. 拷打,折磨['t?:t??(r)] 54.wander vi. 漫游,闲逛['w?nd?(r)]
托福常考高频词汇题 enroll to one = combine complement = supplement = add to substitute = replace so far = until present = up to now rooted in = based on make their way = travel vulnerable--open to break—open to attack -- weak --susceptible perishable 容易腐烂的= easy to spoil Seething 沸腾的 --- overflowing / excited/active float = stay on the top be consistent with = be compatible with property 财产，特征 = characteristic = attribute (名词意为“特征，属性”) simulated ---- artificial sort --- type -- kind staggering摇晃的; 犹豫的; 压倒的(多数) =overwhelming string线, 绳子; 一行, 一系列 =series swell -- enlargement --- expand tract- area – terrain symmetric 对称的，均衡的 --- balance taper 逐渐变小 --- diminish --- 收缩 tenet --- principle / belief
turn = change vast - immense - extensive with the ordinary citizen's pocketbook = affordable advent = arrival affair = matter chronic --- constant – confirmed 慢性的；证实的 consequence = result / importance counter = oppose countervail 补偿，抵消; 对抗 = compensate / oppose distinction = differentiation / excellence / honor distribution = dispersion = dispersal embed = implant euphoric = extremely happy flake = fragment hinder 阻碍，打扰= interfere with ladings 船货= cargos shipment mandatory = required, obligatory mundane 世俗的，平凡的= ordinary prerequisite = something required (something needed to happen) rather = instead 相反地/ in some degree在某种程度上，相当地 reap 收割，收获= obtain sank (sink的过去式)= descended; dropped to the bottom