1999年1月
Passage 3
1.Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation
2.Underpinnings：支柱
3.For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them：因为，正如我
们将要看到的那样，动力意味着人们获得享受的能力
4.We also use categorizations colored by emotion s in our families, communities,
and overall society：我们也带着感情色彩对我们的家庭、社区和整个社会进行分类
5.In fact, society exploit s our emotional reactions and attitudes：事实上，社会
利用了我们情感上的反应和态度
6.It give high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as
surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts：社会给予外科医生等从事重要工作的人很高的奖励，将战争中的战斗机驾驶员等做出不寻常或具有危险性成就的人树为英雄，并利用刑法体系使人们不敢从事反社会的行为。
1999年6月
Passage 1
1.We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety：我们有时认
为人类是唯一对忧虑脆弱的动物。
2.Passively
3.One of the most startling examples of ……一个最令人震惊的例子
4.Suppress
Passage 3
1．Groan [gr?un]：vi./ n.呻吟，抱怨；(发出)呻吟般的声音
2．The universities have threatened to impose an admission fee on students to plug a gap in revenue if the government does not act to improve their finances and scrap some public spending cut-backs.如果政府不采取行动改善高校的财政状况，不废除某些公共服务开支削减计划，一些大学已威胁说他们将向学生强行收取学费以弥补经费不足。
scrap[skr?p]：n.碎片；废金属；[pl.]剩饭；点滴；vt.废弃，废除
cut-back：削减
3．The government responded to the universities’ threat by setting up the most fundamental review of higher education for a generation ,under a non-party troubleshooter, sir Ron Dearing.政府对大学的这一威胁做出回应，请无党派人士罗恩·迪尔林爵士对一代人的高等教育进行一次最基本的审查。
sir：n.先生；[S-用于姓名前]…爵士
non-party：无党派
4．troubleshooter：1发现并修理机器故障的人；2 解决纷争的人;解决困难的人；调停人。
5．strain[strein]：n.拉紧[ pl.]旋律vt.扭伤；绷紧vi.尽力
6．Suspend：vt.暂停，中止；悬，挂，吊
7．The whole concept of what a university should be is under the microscope.人们正以挑剔的眼光看待大学应该是什么这一概念。
8．A loan scheme for tuition fees：学费贷款项目
9．Lifelong learning：终身学习
10．Refer to students as consumers：把学生当成消费者
11．The times newspaper agrees, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to“mass production methods more typical of European universities.”《泰晤士报》同意政府的态度，并批评道，由于欧洲大学里具有代表性的大批量培养人才的方式取代了英国传统的导师监管制，扩招已导致教学质量下降。
2000年1月
Passage 3
1.Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried（已定的，
惯常的，不可更改的）：有关冲突的传统至理名言似乎相当陈腐
2.optimal：最佳的，最理想的
Passage 4
1.Which contain a compound called olestra：包含一种叫做olestra的混合物
2.It’s up to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep
eating：因此，要由消费者来决定这种新的无脂肪产品是否口味够好，值得经常吃。
2000年6月
Passage 1
1.Institute austerity program to reduce imports：制定了减少进口的紧缩计划
2.It represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic
stability for farmers：这就意味着国家将首次允诺为农民提供更为稳定的经济条件。
3.The law gave the Secretary of Agriculture the power to reduce production
through voluntary agreements with farmers who were paid to take their land out of use. A deliberate scarcity of farm products was planned in an effort to raise prices：这个法律赋予农业部长权力同农民自愿订立协议，通过给他们补偿以减少耕地面积。
4.故意造成农产品的短缺是为了提高价格。
5.This law was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court on the grounds
that general taxes were being collected to pay one special group of the people.
最高法院以用全民的税收付给一个特殊人群为由，宣布该法律违反宪法6.Achieved the same result of resting soil and providing flood-control measures,
but which were based on the principle of soil conservation：达到休养土地、提供抗洪措施的同样结果，但都是基于保养耕地的原则。
7.It was not simply a plan to help farmers at the expense of other citizens：它不
完全是通过损其他公民的利益来帮助农民的计划。
Passage 2
1.But as useful as computers are, they’re nowhere close to achieving anything
remotely resembling these early aspirations for human-like behavior：但是，尽管电脑非常有用，它们在实现行为动作像人的这些早期愿望方面还差太远。
2.Never mind something as complex as conversation：更不要说像谈话一样复
杂的事情了
3.Takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with
intelligence：更为密切地关注自然赶上智能的更间接方式
4.The results of there early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the
new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the filed：早期工作的结果是奇特的，也是有前途的，而基于自然的人工智能新动向的确正缓慢走向该领域的最前沿。
5.Many of the brain’s capabilities stem from the pattern-recognition proficiency
of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell：
Passage 3
1.Offer only marginal improvements：只提供枝节上的改进
2.Mass-transit ridership：公共交通工具乘坐者数
3.But they would lead to only marginal reductions in pollution and greenhouse
emissions：但它们只能少量地减少污染和温室气体排放
2001年1月
passage2
1．A nine-year-old schoolgirl single-handedly cooks up a science-fair experiment that end up debunking a widely practiced medical treatment.一个9岁女学生独自设计一个公开的科学实验，最终揭穿了一种广泛采用的医疗方法的真相。End up doing：结束了……，以……结束
2．Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation ：显然注意到这种情况的宣传价值
mindful of：adj.注意....的,留心...的,不忘...的
3．practitioner：n.开业者(尤指医师、律师等)
4．Skeptic：n.怀疑者
5．Straight forward：直截了当的，简单的
2001年6月
Passage 2
1.Department store：百货公司
2.Appealing：吸引人，打动人心的
3.Downfall：堕落
https://www.doczj.com/doc/521309256.html,wn：草坪，草地
5.Swell：vi./ n.肿(膨)胀，鼓起；增多；波浪起伏
6.but in reality, heels succeed in posing short as well as long term hardships：但
实际上，高跟鞋却成功的造就了短期或长期的受苦。
Passage 3
1.The depressing state of literacy：令人沮丧的人们的读写能力的状况。
2.But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of
elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading：但我今天对中产阶级读者读写技能甚至也下降了的担忧——这问题有点要求过分——胜过对基本读写能力这一压倒一切的问题的担忧，担忧他们不愿把安静的地方、难得的家庭生活的机会、时间和注意力用来读书，而典型的读书活动正需要这些。
3.The violation of concentration, silence, solitude goes to the very heart of our
notion of literacy; this new for part-reading, of part-perception against background distraction, render s impossible certain essential acts of apprehension and concentration, let alone that most important tribute any human being can pay to a poem or a piece of prose he or she really loves, which is to learn it by heart. not by brain, by heart; the expression is vital：这种对集中精神、安静、独处状态的妨碍同阅读概念直接冲突；这种在娱乐背景下半读书半分散精力的读书新方式不可能专心致志地理解，更不要说
任何一个人对真正喜爱的一首诗或一篇散文所能表示的最大赞赏是将其背诵下来。不明白，而是背下来；这种说法很重要。
By heart：=by memory，凭记忆，记忆，背诵
Render：
4.Ahead of us lie technical, psychic, and social transformation s probably much
more dramatic than those brought about by Gutenberg, the German inventor in printing：摆在我们前面的有技术、心理和社会的变革，这些变革比德国印刷术的发明者古特伯格带来的变革更剧烈。
5.Rather bleak：相当令人沮丧的；fairly bright：充满希望的；very impressive：
给人印象深刻的（褒义，描述正面的、壮观的、感人的事物）；
6.Conscientiously：adv. 良心上地，认真地，小心谨慎地
Passage 4
1.For centuries, explores have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for
reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic：几个世纪以来，探险家冒着生命危险到未知世界去探险，在不同的程度上是为了经济和国家的利益
2.Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives,
the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science simply going where no scientists had gone before：虽然他们的任务混合了商业、政治和军事的使命，但所有参与这些活动的探险家到达了科学家从未去过的地方，都完成了某种意义重大的科学活动。
3.Today mars looms as humanity’s next great terra incognita：今天，隐约闪现
的火星是人类下一个要探明之地。
4.It is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel
human beings to leave their tracks on the planet’s reddish surface：很清楚，不是经济利益或国家利益，而是使命将迫使人类在那个红色行星的表面留下足迹。
5.The question naturally invites a couple of others：这个问题自然引出其它一
些问题
6.With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been：
火星探险的科学赌注比以前都高，人们对此大有争议
7.The issue has been highlighted by mounting evidence：这些问题由于越来越
多的证据而引人注目
8.The finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest
mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe：这个发现将为所有科学中最大的奥秘之一提供第一批具体线索：宇宙中的生命是普遍的。
9.Inducement
10.At issue
2002年1月
Passage 1
1.Even at current prices, a navigation computer is impressive：即使就现在的价
格而言，导航电脑也足以打动人心
2.even the voice that recite the directions can differ：甚至连复述指令的声音也
可改变
Passage 4
1．Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious “both to the general public and to socialists：就在几十年前，对于公众和社会学家来说，这似乎是显而易见的……
2．Substituted their place superficial relationship with passing acquaintance：取而代之的是点头之交的肤浅关系。
3．But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences：但是，极大程度上，这一事实并不能推断出什么重要结果……
4．Indeed（事实上）, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people：实际上，有意义的社会关系的数量和质量在大小城市居民之间没有什么区别。
rural：农村的，乡村的
5．urbanism [???b??niz?m]：n..城市化，城市规划,都市建筑规划; 都市生活方式6．alienation [?eili??nei??n]：n..1.离间,疏远;2.让渡,转让;3.【医】精神错乱;4.【哲】异化
7．Sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for （特别留意）young trouble makers：给住在隔壁一对老夫妇打扫人行道或关注常惹麻烦的年轻人。
8．Leftist political candidates：左翼政党候选人
Passage 3
It was considered discriminative not to do so：不这样做便被认为是有歧视的。2002年6月
Passage 1
1.when global warming finally came, it stuck with（无法摆脱，困于，紧随，继
续从事，坚持）vengeance：当全球变暖最终来临时，紧随其后的是报复性后果。
2.The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it
happened more than 10,000 years ago：只有农业能够适应：产生农业的全球变暖危机在10,000年前就发生了。
3.convene：[k?n?vi:n]：vi.开会，集合vt.召集
4.earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate
has changed in the past：地球科学家正开展一项革命来了解气候在过去是如何变化的。
5.researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the
powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet’s environment from hot to cold, wet to dry, and back again over a time period stretching back（回溯）hundreds of millions of years：研究人员已开始拼凑一个画面，以说明在数亿年前强大的地理和天文力量如何联合起来使地球环境从热到冷、从湿到干，然后又反过来改变的。
6.dawn [d?:n]：n.黎明；开端，起始vi.破晓；开始，出现
7.indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate
change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it：有些科学家认为，实际上，人类的历史不仅受到地球气候变化的影响，在某些
情况下还受到它的推动。
8.the new research has profound implications for the environment summit
（n.最高点，峰顶；最高级会议；极点）in Rio：这项新研究对里约热内卢的最高级环境会议具有重要意义。
Passage 2
1.No woman can be too rich or too thin：女人的钱再多也不为多，再瘦也不为
瘦/女人再富有、在瘦弱都不为过。
2.This saying often attributed to the late duchess of Windsor embodies much of
the odd spirit of our times：这句话经常被认为是已故温莎公爵夫人说的，体现了我们独特的时代精神。
3.Consequently，I have been on a diet for the better----or worse---part of my
life：因此，我一生的大部分时间都在节食，不知是好还是坏。
4.For the better：好转，向好的方向发展
5.Relative：n.亲戚，亲属；adj.相对的，有关系的
6.Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a
little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? 我们在何处背离了生活常规？什么时候吃黄油成了一种罪？稍稍多长了一点肉不是令人厌恶，就成为丑陋？
off the track：出轨；unappealing；repellent
7.However until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to
eat：直到最近，大多数人的温饱还是个问题。
8.In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high
morals：在一些宗教团体，财富是可能起到拯救作用和高尚情操的象征9.Obsession
Passage 3
1.In the case of：万一；就……来说；至于
2.The many expression of human violence are always conditioned by social
conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior：人类暴力行为的表达常常受到社会习俗的制约，而社会习俗也使侵略行为产生
3.We will look at the ritual and ethical patterns with which human violence has
been directed：宗教传统在人类的暴力行为中曾起着主导作用，这一点可以从宗教礼仪和道德模式中看出
4.But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized
and diffused：但在法制社会中，复仇的责任是非个人化的、分散的
5.The society assumes the responsibility for：社会承担……责任
6.Individuals are removed from the cycle of revenge motivated by acts of
violence：个体不再对暴力行为实施复仇
7.The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus：国家法律
机构的另一面是国家的军事机构
8.In war the sate affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own
borders：战争中，国家对其境内的个体行使着最高权力
9.It is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its
people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice：这个时候国家行使权力要求其公民承担义务、忠诚（顺从）并做出牺牲
2002年12月
Passage 1
1.The MBA always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed on the
tree-lined campus：在绿树成荫的大学校园里，MBA常常承担/担当着低俗商业和贪婪的标志。
lowly：adj&adv. 地位低下的，低俗的，卑贱的
2.But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business
school graduates：然而，甚至随着经济的萧条，对商学院毕业生的雇佣明显缩减
3.When someone says,”S hould I attempt to get an MBA, the answer a lot more
is: it depends”：当有人问：“我应该去读MBA吗？”得到的答复多半是：看情况吧。
4.The Harvard business review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to
dramatize complaints about business degree holders：《哈佛工商评论》刊登
一些生动的、虚构的来往信件以调侃对MBA拥有者的抱怨。
5.The article called MBA hires“extremely disappointing”：文章称MBA雇
员……
6.Most participants in the debate acknowledge：大部分参加辩论的人
7.Created the assumption that：造成了假象
8.They don’t get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business：他们在公
司里的人缘基础不好。
Passage 2
1.The media flocked to the story, portraying the town’s 2,305 students as victims
of stingy (吝啬的) taxpayers：新闻媒体纷纷将目光聚集到这一事件上，并将该镇的2305名学生说成是吝啬纳税人的牺牲品。
2.There is some truth to that：在一定程度上的确如此
3.Officials declined to borrow against next year’s state aid, they refused to trim
extracurricular activities：官员们拒绝从国家下一年的州政府援助资金中借款，并拒绝减少课外活动
4.Unemployment payments：失业津贴
5.In case=if
6.Other signs suggest school authorities were at least as eager to make a political
statement as to keep schools open：其他迹象表明学校权力机构至少像保证学校正常开课一样，渴望发表一项政治声明。
7.The Michigan Education Association hired a public relations firm to stage a
rally marking the school closing：密西根州教育协会雇用一家公共关系公司筹划一场集会来纪念这次关闭事件
8.The union tutored school officials in the art of television interviews：协会以电
视采访的方式对学校官员予以指责。
Passage 3
1.Germany, Along with other European nations, experienced an unprecedented
rash of（连续发生的）workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing industrialization：德国，与其他欧洲国家一道，因为工业化程度的提高，经历了一个史无前例的工作场所死亡和工伤事故高发期。2.undercut the support of the socialist labor movement：抑制/削弱对社会主义
劳工运动的支持
3.benefit payments：救济金=relief payments
4.File for claims：提出索赔
Passage 4
1.Early in the age of affluence that followed world war Ⅱ：二战之后的富裕时
代初期
2.An American retailing analyst：以为美国零售分析家
反义词：Wholesale
3.We make consumption our way of life：把消费作为我们的生活方式。
4.We convert the buying and use of goods into rituals：我们把购买和使用商品
变为例行公事
5.Consumption has become a central pillar of life：消费已成为生活主要支柱
6.The time-honored values of integrity of character：诚实的品质这种历史悠久
的价值观
7.Poverty is no solution to either environmental or human problems：贫穷不是
解决环境和人类问题的方法。
8.It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too：它给人来带
来无穷尽的灾难，对自然界也没有什么好处
9.If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too
much, we are left to wonder how much is enough：如果过于贫穷或过于富裕都会破坏环境，那么，我们想知道消费多少才算适度？
10.When does having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction：什么时
候，富有才会停止显著地增加人类满足感？
add to something；add something to something
2003年6月
Passage 2
1.The cult of lecturing dully, like the cult of writing dully, goes back, of course,
some years. Edward shills, professor of society, recalls the professors he
encountered at the University of Pennsylvania in his youth. 当然，对枯燥讲
课的崇拜，像崇拜枯燥写作一样，可以追溯到多年前，社会学教授Edward Shils 年轻时在宾西法尼亚大学读书的时候，当时的教授就是这样上课的。
2.They seemed “a priesthood, rather uneven in their merits but uniform in their
bearing; they never referred to anything personal. 他看起来像“一个牧师，尽管才能各有千秋，但穿着非常统一；他从来不谈私事。
Passage 3
1.the owner of well over half of all world wide web sites：超过半数以上的网站
主人
2.try out：试验
3.Farmer has made the program publicly available, amid（prep.在…中间，在…
之中，被…围绕）much criticism：法穆公开了他的程序，但招致许多批评。
4.hunt down：对…穷追到底，追捕到
5.far from it：远非如此
6.let’s look on the bright side：让我们看到光明的一面
7.But expect it all to change, and security to become the number one issue, when
the most influential inhabitants of the Net are selling services they want to be paid for：然而，当网络上最有影响力的居民们想出售他们的服务并想要收费时，希望一切会有所改变，那时安全将变成头等重要的事情。Passage 2
Contact lens：隐形眼镜
By day：（在）白天；at night：（在）夜晚
Pupil：n.（小）学生；瞳孔
Optician：眼镜商，光学仪器商
2003年9月
Passage 3
1.The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating tragedy
was the provocation：流泪者有可能会道歉，甚至刺激其流泪的是毁灭性的悲剧
2.The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the
emotional outpouring：看到别人流泪的人则会尽可能使这一情感的宣泄停
止。
3.Counterproductive：反作用的
4.Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to elicit
assistances from others：尽管有些观察者提出提出哭是希望从别人那里得到帮助的一种方法
5.Tears shed because of exposure to a cut onion：
2003年12月
Passage 1
1.For years, doctors advised their patients that the only thing taking
multivitamins doses is give them expensive urine：
2.Vitamin deficiency
3.All vitamin supplements would be evaluated in scientifically rigorous clinical
trails：对补充维生素的所有评价都要在非常科学严格的临床试验中进行4.At some point, while researchers work on figuring out where the truth lies, it
just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the cost：在某种意义上，研究人员在致力于发现真相的同时，能说出潜在的好处大于花费的代价也就可以了（可行的，有意义的）
5.Despite vitamin C’s great popularity, consuming large amounts of it still has
not been positively linked to any great benefit：
6.The body quickly becomes saturated with c and simply excretes any excess：
7.The multivitamins question boils down to this：复合维生素问题可以归结起
来这样说
It all boils down to the age-old question：都归结到一个古老的话题
So, that is what it boils down to：哦,原来是这样
8.If the latter, there’s no need to go to extremes and buy the biggest horse pills or
the most expensive bottles. Large doses can cause excessive bleeding：如果是后者，就没有必要走极端购买大剂量的药丸和最昂贵的瓶装药。大剂量服用会引起出血过多
9.Any benefit is modest and subject to further refinement, taking a daily
multivitamin makes a lot of sense：潜在的益处是有限的，并会逐步得到发
挥，每日服用复合维生素就会有意义
10.Side effect：副作用
Passage 2
1.Defy / deny
2.Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge of women in the
workforce may portend a rejection of marriage：
3.Household
4.Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the
increase in divorce rates：伴随着妇女外出劳动增长的是离婚率的增长。5.Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions：然
而，简单地得出任何因果结论或许都不对。
6.The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on
marriage decisions：妻子外出工作对离婚的影响与其对做出结婚决定的影响一样不明了。
7. A wife blocked from a career outside the home：妻子在外工作受阻
8.Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact
that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners：此外，妇女在婚姻上的不平等主要在于大多数家庭主要靠男人养家糊口
9.Equal partnership：平等的伴侣关系
Passage 3
1.There is something by virtue of which man is man：存在于某种使人之所以成
为人的东西
2.Humanity / Human nature
3.This historical approach was reinforced, particularly in the united states：这种
历史的方法得到了支持，尤其是在美国
4.Primitive
5.Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed
human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield behind which the most inhuman acts are committed：促使人们否定人性固有这种假设的事实是这一概念常被滥用来为最无人性的行为作庇护。
fixed / mixed 6.In the name of human nature：以人性的名义
7.Scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and
selfishness as innate human traits：学者们试图证明贪婪、竞争和自私是人类天生的特性
8.Popularly, one refers cynically to “human nature” in accepting the inevitability
of such undesirable human behavior as greed, murder, cheating and lying：一般来讲，人们在承认贪婪、谋杀、欺骗和撒谎这样违反社会道德的行为不可避免时，会讥讽地说这是“人性”
9.Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea
of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable：一旦人类被看做是进化过程中不断发展的，那么认为在人的本质中包含某种固定不变的东西的想法就显得不可思议
10.Yet I believe it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint that we can expect
new insight into the problem of the nature of man：但我相信正是从进化的观点出发，我们可以期待对人性深入探讨的新见解
11.The concept of human nature was used to justify social evils：人类的概念被用
来为恶行正名
Passage 1
1.The practicalities of the economic recovery rate do not differentiate
between environmentally sound investment and a recovery based on an increase in energy use and material goods, and more intensive farming：无论是环保的投资，还是建立在能源消耗、物质消费和密集农垦基础上的经济发展，从其结果上看，并没有什么区别。
2.It has become necessary to change the traditional perception of a division
of environmental policies and economic well-being：有必要改变一下将环境政策和经济繁荣割裂开来的传统看法
3.environmental taxation：环境税
4.sustainability：可持续发展
5.the task of managing the transition to an environmentally balanced
economy over the next few decades, become the single greatest challenge facing political leaders：在将来几十年内实现转型，达到生态平衡经济成了政治领导们所面临的最大挑战。
6.until then：在此之前
7.self-sufficient：自给自足，自立
8.cohesive：粘合的，有凝聚力的
9.this develops（产生，发展，制定）a clear case for self-efficiency：这就
是自我效能的典型例子
10.if the course of mankind is left to go the way it is going：如果人类的历
史进程任其自由发展
Passage 2
1.three quarters of the bright but speech-delayed children：四分之三的聪
明但说话较晚的儿童。
2.overrepresented：极具代表性的
3.discrepancy [dis?krep?nsi]：n.1.差异, 不一致, 矛盾；2.偏差, 误差；3.
失调；4.亏损
4.blacks have not merely held their own（to maintain one's position/prove
equal to opposition）in American popular music：黑人不仅在美国的流行乐中占有一席之地
5.none of this presupposes any special innate ability of blacks in music：这些
并不能说明黑人在音乐方面有特殊的先天条件。
presupposes（[?pri?s??p?uz]：vt.1.预先假定，推测，预想；2.以...为前提，含有）
Passage 3
1.on the sidelines：无所事事
sideline：n.副业，边线；vt.使退出
2.on the side：作为兼职或副业；暗地里
3.rear：[ri?]n./ a.后部(面，方)(的) vt.养，种
4.diminutive：[di?minjutiv] a.小的
5.antelope：[??ntil?up] n.羚羊
6.in principle：大体上；原则上
7.pair bond：“生物”对偶结合
8.opt [?pt]：vi.(for)选择，挑选
Passage 5
1. A granted patent is the result of a bargain struck between an inventor and the
state：已颁发的专利是发明者与国家之间讨价还价的结果。
2.the shelves of the library attached to the patent office：专利局附属的图书馆的
书架上。
3.anyone closely involved in patents and inventions soon learns that most new
ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills：任何与专利及发明密切相关的人很快会得知，多数新的专利事实上已相当陈旧。
4.It is their reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity or
dedication, or through the availability of new technology, that makes news and money：只有把握时代的需求，锐意进取，跟上新技术的步伐，专利才能变成／转变成商业实践，做到名利双收。
5.The basic patent for the theory of magnetic recording dates back to 1886：电磁
录音理论的基本专利始于1886。
6.originate from：源于
7.Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a
cart with the horse at the rear（n./a.后部/面/方/的vt.养，种）：甚至德国大众的后置发动机汽车也被1904年的马在马车后面的专利抢先了。
anticipated：vt.预期／料，期望；提前使用，先行动
2005年6月阅读理解
Passage1
1.slash-and-burn：刀耕火种
2.Un orthodox[?n??:θ?d?ks]：adj.非传统的，异端的
3.Clearing：n.1（森林中的）开垦地；2a.(U)结算；票据交换；b.[~s]票据
交换额；3(U)a.清扫；b.清除障碍物，扫海，扫雷
4.rainfall ['rein?f?:l]：n.降雨，降雨量
5.ingredient [in?gri:di?nt]：n.组成部分，成分，原料；要素，因素
https://www.doczj.com/doc/521309256.html,an ic [?:'g?nik]：adj.器官的，有机的，根本的，接近自然的；n.有
机物质
7.particle [?pɑ:tik l]：n.微粒，颗粒，粒子；小品词，语助词
8.charred [t?a:d]：adj.烧焦的
9.earthwork：土工作业；土方工程
Passage 2
1.embrace [im?breis]：vt.1.拥抱,抱
2.抓住(机会)
3.信奉(主义,信仰等),高兴
地接受,采纳4.参加,着手;开始从事5.包围,环绕6.包含,包括7.看出,领会
8.相当于
https://www.doczj.com/doc/521309256.html,ndscape [?l?ndskeip]：n.风景；风景画；全景vt.美化…的景观
3.observe [?b?z?:v]：vt.注意到；观察；评论；遵守，奉行
4.irresistible [?iri?zist?b?l]：a.无法抗拒的，不可抵抗的
5.momentum [m?u?ment?m]：n.动力，冲力，势头；动量
6.Prince Charming：白马王子
7.Blond Berliner [b?:'lin?]：n.金发碧眼的柏林市民
8.tan [t?n]：v.(使)晒成棕褐色；硝制n.棕褐色；晒黑
passage 3
https://www.doczj.com/doc/521309256.html,anism [??:g?niz?m]：n.生物，有机体；机体，有机组织
2.review [ri?vju:]：n.／vt.审查，回顾；复习；评论；检阅
3.appease [??pi:z]：vt.平息，抚慰，姑息，缓和
4.undermine [??nd??main]：vt.暗中破坏，逐渐削弱；侵蚀…的基础
5.literally [?lit?r?li]：n.逐字地，照字面地；真正地；简直
6.rash [r??]：a.轻率的n.(皮)疹；爆发的一连串
7.impairment [im?p??m?nt]：n.1.故障;缺陷2.损害,损伤3.减少,削减4.恶
化
2006年12月
Part Ⅴreading comprehension
1.I’ve heard from and talked to many people who described how Mother Nature
simplified their lives for them.（许多人给我来信，和我交谈，向我描述大自然母亲如何简化他们的生活）
2.the fire saved us the agony of deciding what to keep and what to get rid of （火
灾省去了我们决定如何保留和丢弃带来的烦恼）
3.she and her husband saw how they had weighted them down.（不堪负重）
4.we vowed（发誓）when we started over：我们发誓当我们重新开始时
5.Gibbs and I did have a close call shortly before we decided to simply.（就
在吉布斯和我决定简化生活之前，我们经历了死里逃生）；Susan had a close call in her car （苏珊开车险些遇到意外）；The bus almost ran him over. It was a close call.（那辆汽车差点把他碾死,真可谓死里逃生）6.We saw that there was so much we could get rid of and only never miss,
but be better off（更富裕，情况好转）without.（我们发现很多东西都可以抛弃，不仅不会想它们，没有它们会更好）
7.just to name three （仅列举三个）
8.call up：给 ... 打电话，使想起，召集，征召
9.incredible ：a. 不可信的；不可思议的，惊人的
Part Ⅵerror correction
Endowment
Ethnic
PartⅥ translation
72.If you had followed my advice, you would not have fallen (fall→fell→fallen)
into the trouble. （听从了我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦）
73.With tears on her face, the lady watched injured her son being sent /taken into
the operating room /surgery.（那位女士看着受伤的儿子被推进手术室，满脸是泪）
74.After the terrorist attack, tourists were (have been) suggested/advised not to go
to that country for the time being.（恐怖袭击后，游客被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游）
75.I prefer to communicate with my customers via /by /through Email instead of
/rather than by phone.（和客户联系时，我喜欢用电邮而不是电话）be suggested/advised not to do；advise/suggest sb. (not) to do sth.；advise/suggest sth /doing sth
76.It was not until the deadline that he sent / not until the deadline did he send his
application form.（他直到截止期限才把申请表寄出）
2007年12月
Part Ⅳreading comprehension（reading in depth）
Section A
1.Men, these days, are embracing fatherhood（父亲的身份）with the
round-the-clock（全天候的）involvement（卷入，连累，包含，困扰的事，麻烦）their partners have always dreamed of---handling night feedings, packing lunches and bandaging knees.如今男人承担起父亲的角色，正如其伴侣希望的那样，24小时照料小孩，如半夜喂奶，为孩子打理午餐，为孩子包扎受伤的膝盖。
2.But unlike women, many find they’re negotiating their new roles with little
support or information.和女人不同的是，很多男人发现，他们在扮演父亲这个新角色时得到很少的支持和信息。
3.Encourage dads to take paternity（父系，父系后裔）leave：鼓励父亲休陪
产假
Section B
Passage one
1.I’ve long understand that I will be judged by my occupation：我早就知道……
2.Take a job waiting（on）tables：从事招待员的工作
3.Cordially：adv. 热忱地，亲切地
4.Exists to cater to others’ needs：为了迎合别人的需求而存在
Passage two
1.Some leftish billionaires have been railing against income inequality for
years：一些左翼亿万富翁多年来一直抱怨收入不均
2.Centrist and right-wing：中间派和右翼
3.Our nation’s core bargain with the Middle class is disinteresting.我们国家与
中产阶级的核心契约正在解体
4.Average income for a household of people of working age has fallen five years
in a row（一个接一个地，连续不断地）：工薪家庭户均收入过去五年连续下降
5.Tens of millions：数千万（不是千万分之十）
6.It’s an outrage that any American’s life expectancy（预期寿命）should be
shortened simply because the company they worked for went bankrupt and ended health-care coverage（n. 涉及范围，如保险范围或储备金额，涂层，新闻覆盖率）：如果仅仅因为所在公司破产不能继续支付医疗保健方面的费用就使得每个人寿命缩短，这是令人发指的
7.The very rich are just as trendy as you and I, and can be so when it comes to
politics and policy：富豪们跟我们一样紧跟时尚、新潮，在政治和政策问题上也不例外
8.The popularity of measures like increasing the minimum wage：受欢迎的举措
如增加最低工资
9.It’s possible that plutocrats are expressing solidarity with the middle class as
part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory tax policies：这些有权势的人表达出与挣扎中的中产阶级共进退的愿望，可能是希望免遭没收性税收政策的一种努力
10.But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealth
doesn’t keep plutocrats up at night：但是收入不均导致对富人高额税收的前景并不会让他们夜不能眠。
keep sb up：让某人晚睡
11.global economic integration：全球经济一体化
12.if middle-class American continue to struggle financially as the ultrawealthy
grow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain political support for the free flow of goods：如果在富豪更富的同时，美国中产阶级在经济方面继续挣扎，那么维持政治上对商品自由流通的支持将越来越难。
13.Reciprocal：相互的，互惠的
Part Ⅴ
完形填空
1.At the invitation of somebody：应某人之邀
2.Amid all of Einstein’s personal turmoil：在爱因斯坦的所有焦虑中
3.How objects move through space
4.The mathematical approach he had been pursuing：他一直推行的数学方法
5.Einstein discovered to his horror that Hilbert was racing to come up with the
right equation first：爱因斯坦惊骇地发现，赫伯特正比赛谁先提出正确方程
6.Einstein also took time off（抽空，暂时停下）from furiously revising his
equations to engage in an awkward fandango with his competitor Hilbert：爱因斯坦从修改公式的忙碌中抽身出来与对手赫伯特跳起了方丹戈舞
2008年6月
Part Ⅳreading comprehension（reading in depth）
Section A
1.vitality：n.活力；生命力；效力
2.preview：n.预映，预演；预告(片)；预习
review：n./vt.审查，回顾；复习；评论；检阅
3.featuring no famous actors：a film featuring famous actors（由大明星主演的
影片）
4.take the rare step of doing：极少采取的做法
5.explicitly：adv. 明白地，明确地
6.more to the point：更为重要的，更值得一提的，更确切的
7.crash：vi.碰撞；垮台vt.撞击；冲n.坠毁；破裂声
8.writer-director Paul Greengrass has gone to great lengths to be respectful in his
depiction of what occurred, proceeding with the film only after securing the approval of every victim’s family：编剧兼导演Paul忠于事实，做了大量努力，且是在得到每个受害者家属允许后着手拍电影的。
gone to great lengths to：竭尽全力
securing：a.安全的；牢固的vt.得到；保卫；缚牢
approval：n.赞成，同意；批准，认可
9.extraordinary：a.不平常的，特别的，非凡的
10.they are very open and honest with us：他们对我们很坦率诚实。
11.they plan to donate 10% of its opening weekend gross to the Fight 93 National
Memorial fund：他们打算将首映周末票房的10%捐赠给93次航班纪念基金去。
12.the studio is exploiting a national tragedy：制作公司发国难财
13.port：港口
Section B
Passage one
1.image waking up and finding the value of your assets has been halved（half的
动词形式）：想象一下当醒来发现你的资产减值减半
2.you are not an investor in one of those hedge funds（对冲基金）：你不是对冲
基金中的投资者
对冲基金：采用各种交易手段(如卖空、杠杆操作、程序交易、互换交易、套利交易、衍生品种等)进行对冲、换位、套头、套期来赚取巨额利润3.with the dollar slumping to a 26-year low against the pound：美元兑换英镑暴
跌至26年来最低水平。
slump：vi.暴跌；突然倒下n.萧条期，低潮
4.the once all-powerful dollar isn’t doing a Titanic against just the pound：曾经
全能的美元不仅仅是在兑换英镑时才贬值的如此厉害，如同下沉的泰坦尼克。
5.it is sitting at a record low against the euro：它兑换欧元也创最低记录
6.rest in part on the strength of its currency：部分依靠货币的势能
rest on：依靠，基于；in part
7.exert upward pressure on：施加上升的压力
exert……on：vt.用(力)，尽(力)；运用，发挥，施加
8.there are substantial sectors of the vast U.S. economy：美国巨大经济中的很
大一部分
substantial：adj. 可观的，大量的，丰盛的；实质的，坚固的，坚实的；
富裕的、殷实的；大体上的，基本上的
9.mom-and-pop restaurant operators：夫妻旅店经营者
mom-and-pop：adj.（美口语）<店铺> 由俩夫妻合开的，家庭式的；小型的
10.hostile：a.敌对的，敌意的，不友善的；敌方的
hospitable：好客的，殷勤的，易于接受的，宜人的
They gave us a hospitable reception on our arrival.我们到达后他们热情地款待我们
11.but nothing makes people think more warmly of the U.S. than a weak dollar.没
有什么比疲软的美元使人们对美元更有好感。
12.the poorer locals（当地人）can’t afford to join the merrymaking（狂欢）.比
较贫穷的当地人参与不起这些狂欢。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/521309256.html,st week coca-cola’s stock bubbled to a five-year high after it reported a
fantastic quarter：上周可口可乐公司的股票在非常好的季报之后，飙升至5年来的最高点。
14.foreign sales accounted for 65% of Coke’s beverage business.海外销售占据
可口可乐饮料业的65%。
account for：①解释；说明…的原因；②负责；③（数量）占；共计达15.the dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up—slowly, and
then all at once.美元的疲软就像许多婚姻结题一样——慢慢变化，然后一
下子结束。
16.and currencies don’t turn on a dime货币不会在很短的时间内扭转
on a dime：极小的地方，立即
17.if you want to avoid the pain inflicted（vt.(on)把…强加给，使遭受，使
承担）by the increasingly pathetic（a.差劲的；可怜的，可悲的）dollar. Passage two
1.preparatory（a.预备的n.预备学校）course：预备课程
2.build resume：制作简历
3.we have a full-blown prestige panic：我们对名声有着极度的恐慌
4.We worry that there won’t be enough prizes to go around.
go around：足够分配；流传；传播
2009年6月
快速阅读
1.Would you let your fourth-grader ride public transportation without an adult：
你会让你四年级的小孩在没有大人陪伴的情况下啊乘坐公交吗
2.Long story short：长话短说；long story longer：长话长说
3.My son got home, overjoyed with independence：我儿子回到家，非常得意
于自己的独立
4.Subway
5.Half the people I’ve told this episode to now want to turn me in for child
abuse：我讲了这个故事后，一半的人现在想指责我虐待儿童
turn sb in：揭发某人有罪
turn in：上交；上床睡觉
6.Online message boards：在线留言板
7.She wound up defending herself on CNN.
Wind up
8.Her follow-up piece was ironically headlined“more from America’s worst
mom.”：她后续的文章被冠以“更多来自美国最差妈妈的消息”的大标题。
9.She also got heaps of praise for bucking the “helicopter parent” trend：
10.Mortality
11.Every missing child case gets so much airtime：
12.One-size-fits-all：全能的；一刀切的
13.Buck the latest parenting trend：
Reading comprehension (reading in depth)
Section A
1.Their main weapon against super skinny models：a brand of civil disobedience
dubbed“body activism”：对抗超瘦榜样的主要武器是：被称作“身体运动”
的一种全民违抗
2.They have been buying into the notion that you have to be thin to be happy or
successful：他们被灌输这样的观点：你必须瘦，这样才能幸福或成功。
3.They include slipping notes saying “love your body the way it is”into the
dieting book at stores like Borders and writing letters to Mattel, makers of the impossibly proportioned Barbie doll：包括把纸条塞进Borders等商店的烹饪书中，上面写着“爱惜你身体本来的样子”，或给Mattel写信，Mattel 厂商在生产瘦且不成比例的芭比娃娃。
4.According to a study in the latest issue of journal of consulting and clinical
psychology：最近一期的
5.due to：由于，因为
https://www.doczj.com/doc/521309256.html,st up to：持续到
Section B
Passage 1
1.For hundreds of millions of years, turtles has struggled out of the sea to lay
their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them：几百万年以来，在有自然纪录赞美海龟以前，它们挣扎着从大海中游出来到沙滩上产卵。
2.Headlight/ formidable/ erect/ gratitude/ worrisome
3.But nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness：但是大自然对人类公
平的概念漠不关心
4.Notably loggerheads：尤其是大头龟
5.The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level
of protection：这些数字促使海洋环境保护组织向政府申请升级保护力度6.Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor)
and longline fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles：捕鱼拖船（它们拖拉水里和海底的大网）和有多勾长线的渔船（它们在线上安置成千上万的鱼钩，绵延数里）让海龟死伤严重
7.Of course, like every other environmental issue today, this is playing out
against the background of global warming and human interference with natural ecosystems：当然，和现在其他的环境问题一样，这也发生在全球变暖和人类干涉自然生态的大背景下。
8.The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being
squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm：一方面因为发展，另一方面随着海洋变暖、海平线升高的威胁，供海龟产卵的本就很窄的海岸现在变得更窄
9.Ultimately, we must get a handle on those issues：最终，我们必须得解决这
些问题
Passage 2
1.There are few more sobering online activities than entering data into
college-tuition calculators and grasping as the web spits back a six-figure sum：把数据输入到大学学费计算表格里，当网站蹦出一个六位数时而倒吸一口气，网上很少有比这更让人冷静的活动了。
2.Economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of parting, as
well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that should yield huge dividends：经济学家说，要支付四年学费及其他花费而负债的家庭可以这样安慰自己：大学应该能带来巨大红利。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/521309256.html,bor-market premium to skill：劳动力市场给技术的奖金
4.The choice about which college to attend doesn’t come down merely to
dollars：选择哪所大学不仅仅是经济因素
5.Evaluate/evacuate / in line with/ over time
Party Ⅵ
Translation
1.With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk him out of buying a car/him
into stopping buying a car. 随着油价不断上涨，她试图说服他不买车。2.Keeping a sense of humor helps to reduce stress and promote creative thinking
in today’s competitive society. 在当今的竞争型社会，保持幽默感有助于减少压力，促进创造性思维。
3.When confronted with evidence, he had no choice but to confess the crime. 面
对证据，他不得不坦白自己的罪行。
4.When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,” it means they think there must
be someone who is speaking ill of them/ someone must be talking about them behind their back. 当人们说：“我感觉耳朵发烧”时，意思是认为一定有人在说他们的坏话。
5.She has decided to go on a diet, but finds it hard/difficult to resist the
temptation of ice cream. 她已决定节食了，但是发现很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑。
2017年12月英语四六级翻译真题 英语四级翻译真题：泰山 泰山位于山东省西部。海拔1500余米，方圆约400平方公里。泰山不仅雄伟壮观，而且是一座历史文化名山，过去3000多年一直是人们前往朝拜的地方。据记载，共有72位帝王曾来此游览。许多作家到泰山获取灵感，写诗作文，艺术家也来此绘画。山上因此留下了许许多多的文物古迹。泰山如今已成为中国一处主要的旅游景点。 英语四级翻译真题：华山 华山位于华阴市，距西安120公里。华山是秦岭的一部分。秦岭不仅分割陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同。华山过去很少有人光临。因为上山的道路极其危险。然而，希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多药草，特别是一些稀有的药草。自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。 英语四级翻译真题：黄山 黄山位于安徽省南部。它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称。要欣赏大山的宏伟壮丽，通常得向上看。但要欣赏黄山美景，就得向下看。黄山的湿润气候有利于茶树生长，是中国主要产茶地之一。这里还有许多温泉，其泉水有助于防治皮肤病。黄山是中国主要旅游目的地之一，也是摄影和传统国画最受欢迎的主题。 英语六级翻译真题：青海湖 青海湖位于海拔3205米、青海省省会西宁以西约100公里处。是中国最大的咸水湖，面积4317平方公里，最深处25.5米，有23条河注入湖中，其中大部分是季节性的。百分之八十的湖水源于五条主要河流。青海湖位于跨越亚洲的几条候鸟迁徙路线的交叉处。许多鸟类把青海湖作为迁徙过程中的暂息地，湖的西侧是著名的“鸟岛”，吸引着来自世界各地的观鸟者。每年夏天，游客们也来这里观看国际自行车比赛。 英语六级翻译真题：洞庭湖 洞庭湖位于湖南省东北部，面积很大，但湖水很浅。洞庭湖是长江的蓄洪池，湖的大小很大程度上取决于季节变化，湖北和湖南两省因其与湖的相对位置而得名，湖北意为“湖的北边”，而湖南则为“湖的南边”。洞庭湖作为龙舟赛的发源地，在中国文化中享有盛名。据说龙舟赛始于洞庭湖东岸。为的是搜寻楚国爱国诗人屈原的遗体。龙舟赛与洞庭湖及周边的美景，每年都吸引着成千上万来自全国和世界各地的游客。 英语六级翻译真题：太湖 太湖是中国东部的一个淡水湖，占地面积2250平方公里，是中国第三大淡水湖，仅次于鄱阳和洞庭，太湖约有90个岛屿，大小从几平方米到几平方公里不等。太湖以其独特的“太湖石”而闻名，太湖石常用于装饰中国传统园林。太湖也以高产的捕鱼业而闻名。自上世纪70年代后期以来，捕捞鱼蟹对沿湖的
四六级翻译真题及答 案
中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究，这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学，从新能源到机器人等各类高科技领域。它们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。与此同时，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。 译文一 China's innovation is flourishing faster than ever before. In order to surpass developed countries on progressing and technology as soon as possible, China has sharply increased research and development fund. Chinese universities and institutes are actively doing innovative researches, covering various fields of high technology, from big data to biochemistry, and from new energy to robots. They are also cooperating with science and technology parks in different places, progressing commercialize their fruits of innovation.In the meantime , to adapt to the changing foreign and domestic market, and to satisfy the growing demand, Chinese entrepreneurs are also making pioneering efforts to innovate their products and business models(模式). 译文二（文都版） Innovation is progressing in an unprecedented speed in China. In order to catch up with those developed countries in the world as fast as it can in the science and technology field, China has increased funds for development research substantially in recent years. Universities and research institutions in China are actively carrying out innovation researches, which cover high-
【2017.6】大学英语六级翻译真题解析【第三套】 新东方在线四六级 北京新东方罗宇 大家好，我是新东方的翻译老师罗宇，现在分析2017年6月的第三篇翻译，文章关于明朝历史，一共有七句话185个字，没有任何的英文提示词。 第一句话先描述它的时间，然后是“被人们描绘成人类历史上治理有序、社会稳定的最伟大的时代之一”，这里“最伟大的时代之一”可以译为one of the greatest times。“这一时期手工业的发展促进了市场经济和城市化”，手工业是handicraft industry，市场经济是market economy。“大量商品包括酒和丝绸”，这里考丝绸是因为现在提出一带一路，我们要学会丝绸之路的相关表达。丝绸是silk，这个词第一次翻译的时候可能会翻译成Chinese clothes/clothing，中国的衣服或者中国的布料。“还进口许多外国商品，如时钟和烟草，北京、南京、扬州、苏州这样的大商业中心相继形成。”要注意这样的地名或者人名，包括组织结构的名字，我们最容易写错，注意地名翻译时把拼音连在一块写，首字母大写。“也是在明代，由郑和率领的船队曾到印度洋进行了七次大规模探险航行。还值得一提的是中国文学的四大经典名著中有三部写于明朝。”文学是literature，经典名著是classic masterpiece。 下面说一下六级翻译今年到底译什么，到底用什么样的技巧译，我们今后备考翻译的时候，应该注意哪些考点和重点信息。 第一个就是词汇的解释和替换，我们做六级翻译的要做到灵活的替换和解释词汇。因为很多同学拿到六级翻译的时候，或多或少遇到一些生僻单词和疑难词汇，我们要学会用同义词替换。比如纸币banknote，选拔任用recruit，娱乐场所是entertainment quarters。quarter 这个词，意思有美分、一刻钟、25%（四分之一）、地点场所。例如一些大型公司分总部和分布两个体系，总部英文缩写是HQ（Head Quarter），纸币可直接翻译成paper money。选拔任用可以不用翻译成recruit，选拔就是选择挑选的意思，select就行。娱乐场所可以翻译成places for people to have fun。
大学英语六级翻译练习题 Translation One (5minutes) Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 72. From what you would get angry with you friends, we can conclude you still ( 在意他的友情). 73. Man might think that few women fit him before his marriage, and ( 结婚后觉得适合自己的女人很多). 74. Among thousands of people ,you meet those you've met. Through thousands of years, with the boundlessness of time ( 没有早一步, 也没有晚一步, 刚巧赶上了). 75. Everyone has his inherent ability which is easily . ( 被习惯所掩盖, 被时间所迷离, 被惰性所消磨). 76. While our dream is confronted with the reality ,you always feel painful. Just trample on the pain, ( 要么你把痛苦踩在脚下). Translation Two (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 72.Scientists will have to _________________________________________________(提出增 加世界粮食供应的新方法). 73.The medicine _____________________________________________________(治愈了那 个老妇人的慢性咳嗽) which she had suffered 20 years. 74.Sometimes I fight for Mom and sometimes I fight for Dad, but I wish ________________________________________________________ (他们能让我从中完全解脱出来). 75.Many people believe that our species ___________________________________________ (有朝一日会濒临灭绝). 76.The doctor said that __________________________________________________ (保持饮 食均衡很重要). Translation Three ( five minutes) 72. He did very well in his exams , _________________________(考虑到他学的很少). 73. Beijing has announced that _________________________(在任何请光下，中国将不首先使
2012.12多卷 82. The new movie we are going to see this evening _____（据说是基于一次真实事件）. ?Is said to be based on an actual event/ a true story 83. Sometimes the coupon attached to a product may _____( 分散顾客对其质量的注意力). ?Distract the customer’s attention to its quality 84. If we had left half an hour earlier, we _____(或许就不会为交通阻塞所耽搁). ?Might not have been delayed by the traffic jam 85.Nancy refused the assistance provided, for she objected _____ (被当成残疾人看待). ?To being treated as the disabled 86. Hard ______ (他们虽然尽了力), their first attempt at a solution was unsuccessful. ?As/though they tried 2012.12 82. _____(不管中国变得多么强大), it will constitute no threat to any other country. ?No matter how strong China becomes ?However strong China becomes 83. Success in life does not depend so much on one’s school records ____(而是靠其勤奋和坚持)。 ?As on one’s diligence/ hard work and persistence/ perseverance 84. _______(他们要是此刻在这儿就好了), we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary. ?If only they were here now/ at this moment 85. In recent years, with his business booming, he _____（给慈善事业捐了大笔的钱）. ?He has donated a large/big sum of money to charity 86. Without the atmosphere, we ______(将被迫寻找躲避太阳的藏身处), as there would be nothing to protect us from its deadly rays. ?Would be forced to seek/look frshelter from the sun. 2012年6月 82. I think the meal is well _____________________ (没有折扣的情况下值80美元). ?Worth 80 dollars without a discount 83. ______________(面对来自其他公司的激烈竞争), the automobile manufacturer is considering launching a promotion campaign. ?Confronted with the fierce competition from other companies ?Facing the intense competition from other companies 84. As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister ____(几乎没有什么共同之处)。 ?Hardly have anything in common
2020年6月大学英语六级翻译真题及答案2020年6月大学英语六级翻译真题及答案 In China, variety of foods and dishes is needed in traditional ways of entertaining guests and makes them impossible to finish the dinner. Typical menus of Chinese banquetinclude cold dishes to start and the following hot ones. For example，meat, chicken, duck and vegetables. In most banquets, a whole fish dish is considered indispensable, unless various kinds of seafood have been served. Nowadays, Chinese people tend to mix Western specials with traditional Chinese cuisine. Thus, steak is not rare. Traditionally，although the Chinese do not eat any of theuncooked dishes，salads have also become popular. The banquet usually has at leasta bowl of soup that can be offered as the first or the final dish. Desserts and fruits usually mean the end of the feast. 城市化 2020年是中国城市化进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年里，预计约有3.5亿农村人口将移居到城市。如此规模的城市发张对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。中国政府一直提倡“以人为本”的发张理念。强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。它还号召建设“资源节约和环境友好型”社会。有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就能够更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。 2020 was a historic moment in the process of urbanization in China as its population exceeded the rural population for the first time. In the next 20 years, about 350 million rural
四六级翻译真题及答案-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究，这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学，从新能源到机器人等各类高科技领域。它们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。与此同时，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。 译文一 China's innovation is flourishing faster than ever before. In order to surpass developed countries on progressing and technology as soon as possible, China has sharply increased research and development fund. Chinese universities and institutes are actively doing innovative researches, covering various fields of high technology, from big data to biochemistry, and from new energy to robots. They are also cooperating with science and technology parks in different places, progressing commercialize their fruits of innovation.In the meantime , to adapt to the changing foreign and domestic market, and to satisfy the growing demand, Chinese entrepreneurs are also making pioneering efforts to innovate their products and business models(模式). 译文二（文都版） Innovation is progressing in an unprecedented speed in China. In order to catch up with those developed countries in the world as fast as it can in the science and technology field, China has increased funds for development research substantially in recent years. Universities and research institutions in China are actively carrying out innovation researches, which cover high-technology fields such as big data, biochemistry, new energy and robots, etc. They also cooperate with science park in various regions, commercializing the research results of innovation. Meanwhile, no matter in production and business model, entrepreneurs in China are
2010 年6 月六级真题 Passage One 发达国家中只有两个国家不能保证提供用于照料新生儿的带薪休假。去年春天，这两个国家中的一个——澳大利亚——放弃了这种令人质疑的殊荣，建立了自2011 年起开始实施的带薪家庭休假制。在美国这并没有成为新闻，我并不感到意外——现在我们是唯一没有这项政策的富有国家。 美国确实有一个明确的家庭政策，这就是于1993 年通过的《家庭和医疗休假法》。它规定要照料新生儿或处理家庭医疗问题的工人有资格享受时间长达12 个星期的不带薪休假。尽管此法案带来的利益不明显，但当时商务部和其他一些商业团体都极力反对，称其为“政府负责的人事管理”和“危险的先例”。事实上，民主党领袖一直都致力于将能促进工作与家庭关系平衡的措施形成法律条文，但每一次的努力都遭到了商业团体的强烈反对。 正如耶鲁大学法学教授Anne Alstott 所辩解的那样，要肯定父母关爱的作用就要将家庭定义为一种社会商品，从某种意义上讲，社会要为此埋单。在她的书《无路可走：父母对孩子的亏欠以及社会对家长的亏欠》中，她认为父母在生活的多个方面都肩负重担：在谈到孩子的话题时，父母们“无路可走”：“社会希望也需要家长们能不间断地照看好他们的孩子，而且是人类用以开发智力、培养情感和树立道德的那种深度的、亲密无间的照看。社会还希望并需要父母们能坚守这一角色，18 年如一日，如有必要，甚至还可以更长。” 大部分父母出于爱都会照顾孩子，不照顾孩子的父母则会受到公众的处罚。换句话说，父母们所做的一切都是这个国家所密切关注的问题，原因很明显，照顾孩子不仅从道德上来说是迫切的而且对这个社会的未来至关重要。国家在大多数保障儿童福利的家庭法律中都认可了这一点，而父母们在履行社会所强加给他们的、会改变其命运的义务时得到的帮助却甚少。把养育孩子视为个人选择、集体没有责任的做法不仅仅忽视了良好家庭教育所产生的社会效益，而且会抹杀这部分社会效益，因为当今天的孩子成为明天的具有生产力的公民时这部分社会效益会属于整个社会。实际上，据估计父母对孩子投入的价值，包括时间和金钱的投入（包括失去的薪水）相当于国内生产总值的20%—30%。如果这些投入能够产生巨大的社会效益——很明显能产生——那么为家庭提供更多的社会支持所带来的效益将会更加显而易见。 Passage Two 塔夫茨大学公民学习和参与信息研究中心(CIRCLE)一份新的调查显示，现在有比以前更多的年轻人参与投票选举，美国发展中心2008 年的一份调查也表明越来越多的年轻选民和活动家开始支持传统的自由事业。但要看出这些调查数字在现实生活中的意义并非易事。在总统竞选期间，巴拉克·奥巴马以希望和改变为宣传口号组成了不同种族之间和不同意识形态之间人们的联盟。当新一届政府执政下的现实生活步入正轨的时候，有些支持者可能会大失所望。随着国家进一步走入奥巴马执政时代，参与政治的年轻人是会继续支持奥巴马及其施政议程还是会渐行渐远？ “O（奥巴马的简称）一代”是《新闻周刊》新开的一个博客，致力于记录那些支持奥巴马的年轻人的生活。“O 一代”的作者们想就上面的问题做出回答。未来的三个月，Michelle Kremer 和其他11 位年龄从19 岁到34 岁不等的奥巴马支持者将会用博客来记录美国社会的主流生活，一个不同之处在于：通过将他们所有的观点和经历与新任总统及其领导下的政府紧密结合，这些博客作者试图开启一场对话，探讨在当今美国，年轻并且在政治方面活跃到底意味着什么。24 岁的Malena Amusa 是该博客的一位作者，也是来自圣路易斯的一位舞者，她将这一项目看做是即时记录历史的一种方式。Amusa 今年春天为了完成其著作前往印度，后来又去塞内加尔教授英语，她和她的朋友一直在谈论奥巴马当政会如何改变他们的日常生活，她希望把其中的一些观点和她的全球性视角写到帖子里。她很兴奋，要看清楚世界，“我不必等上15 年”，她这样解释说。 Henry Flores 是圣玛丽大学的政治学教授，他将年轻一代的政治力量归因于他们对科技的拥护。“网络使他们接触到更多的思想，”他说，“不同地区想法相同的人们就会聚到一起。”这正是“O 一代”博主们所期待的事情。结果可能会出现一群年轻人，就像他们在二战后生育高峰期出生的父母一样，伴随一种强烈的目的感而成长，他们也会改变此前从“X 一代”人身上所继承下来的冷漠形象。由一群普通但有抱负的年轻人来管理博客是个不小的挑战，但“O 一代”的成员能胜任这项任务。
试题一：中秋节 中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收，这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似，过中秋节的习俗与唐代早期在中国各地开始流行，中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日，这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日，月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食，人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿”(longevity)、“福”或“和”等字样。 Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America. The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festival became popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty. The lunar August 15 is a day for people worshiping the moon. On this day, under the dazzling bright moon, families reunite and enjoy the moon’s beauty. In 2006, Mid-Autumn festival was listed as one of China's cultural heritage, and in 2008, it was classified as a public holiday. Moon cakes, as indispensable delicious food of the festival, were gifts people sent to families and friends during the festival and usually eaten on family gatherings. There are characters of “longevity”,“good fortune”and “harmony” on the Traditional mo on cakes. 试题二：丝绸之路 闻名于世的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路是古代中国的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和发挥这重要作用。正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术传遍各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器也传遍各地，欧洲也是通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需要。 The world-renowned Silk Road is a series of routes connecting the East and the West. The Silk Road represents the ancient Chinese silk trade. The Silk Road trade played an important role in China, South Asia, Europe and Africa. It was through the Silk Road that Chinese papermaking, gunpowder, the compass and the printing press spread all over the world. Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain also spread all
六级翻译 helj 2011/4/12 令狐采学 10/12) 82.There is no denying that you __________________________________ (越仔细越好) in dealing with this matter. 83.Only when I reached my thirties _____________________________(我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的). 84. Much _________________________________(使研究人员感到惊讶), the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected. 85. Oh, my, I can’t find my key; ______________________________(我一定是把它忘在哪儿了). 86. I ____________________________________________ (宁愿加入你们去做义工) than go to the beach for a holiday. (10\06) 82.___(他们的独生儿子从未想过) to leavethem and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties. 83.Before you take any action, please remember to ___ (权衡你的决
定会产生的后果).84. He assured his friend that under no circumstances ___ (他会违背还钱的承诺).85. Most educators advise that kids ___ (不要沉溺于电脑游戏).86. Business major as he is, he has ___ (从未考虑过从事推销员工作). (09\12 ) 82. How long does a jacket like this last me? — (这要看你多长时间穿一次). 83. The theory he advanced has proved (对许多传统概念的一种挑战). 84. The manager (本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away for some urgent business abroad. 85. Both research and practical experience have shown that a (均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少的). 86. Much (我感到遗憾), I was unable to finish the work on time. (09/06) 82.With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk ________ (说服他不买车). 83.________ (保持幽默有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today’s competitive society.. 84.When confronted with the evidence, ________ (他不得不坦白
六级翻译练习题答案和解析12页
六级翻译练习题答案及解析 翻译练习1 1. enrich their knowledge and experience 解析：本题考查合译法，"积累"与"丰富"可以共用一个英语动词enrich，而enrich的前缀en-有"使.....。(怎么样)"的含义，如：encircle(圈住)；endanger(使危险)；enfranchise(使自治)。因此，"促使"可以省略不译。本句如果译成can cause the accumulation of their knowledge and the abundance of their experience也没有错，但行文复杂。六级汉译英虽然没有具体的字数要求，考生也应该在准确翻译的前提下尽量使语言精炼。 2. fit our actions to those of other people 解析：本题意为：我们是基于一贯的评价和理解来使我们的行为符合别人的。"使.....。符合"可以直接用动词fit，而本句最容易出错的地方在于如何理解"别人的"，实际上，"别人的"是"别人的行为"省略。但是在翻译成英语时必须补齐"行为"才能避免意思含混。因此，不能译成fit our actions to other people。 3. strive with each other in answering questions 解析：本题考查固定短语"争先恐后"可以译成strive to be the first或vie with each other，vie是不及物动词，一般与with连用，表示"与某人竞争做某事"。另
精品文档2016中国农业套:12月英语六级翻译真题第3年亿。中国农业产量全球第一，主要生产水3农业是中国的一个重要产业，从业者超过但为世界百分之二十的人提供稻、小麦和豆类。虽然中国的农业用地仅占世界的百分之十，勤劳和富有创造性的中国年开始种植水稻。了粮食。中国7700早在使用机械和化肥之前，农民就已经采用各种各样的方法来增加农作物产量。中国农业最近的发展是推进有机农业。有机农业可以同时服务于多种目的，包括食品安全，大众健康和可持续发展。 Agriculture is one of the most important industries inChina which embra agriculture output ranks the first ces more than 300 millionworkers. China ‘sand beans. China provid rice, wheat allover the word, and it mainly produce es 20 percent of the worldfood, though its agriculture land only accounts for 1 history ofplanting rice dates back as early as 7world'stotal.China's 0% of the c an d and fertilizers,industrious700 B.C. Long befor e the use o f machinery farmers had already used different kinds of methods to increase crop reativepromot of the agriculture development in China is to yields. The latest trend of pur agriculture can serve a varietyorganice organic agriculture. And the poses, which including foodsafety, public health and sustainable development. :学汉语第2套月英语六级翻译真题2016年12 使汉语成了世界上人们最爱学的语学汉语的人数迅速增加，随着中国经济的蓬勃发展，言之一。近年来，中国大学在国际上的排名也有了明显的提高。由于中国教育的巨大进步，万国际学生40中国成为最受海外学生欢迎的留学目的地之一就不足为奇了。2015年，近在全球而包括科学与工程。蜂拥来到中国市场。他们学习的科目不再限于中国语言和文化，教育市场上，美国和英国仍占主导地位，但中国正在迅速赶上。economy booms, there is a dramaticincrease in the number of China'sAs people learning Chinese,which makes it become one of the most popularlanguages. In recent years, international ranks ofChinese universities have apparently boosted. Owingto the progress of Chinese education, it is not odd that China has become one of the mostfavorite destinations for oversea students studying abroad. In 2015, around four hundredthousand international students piled into China to study. What they learn is no more limitedto the subjects of Chinese and Chinese culture, they also learn science and engineering. In theglobal education market, America and Britain still play dominant roles, while China is catchingup. 旅游套:第年201612月英语六级翻译真题1 中国人的时间主过去，随着生活水平的提高，度假在中国人生活中的作用越来越重要。经济的繁荣和富近年来中国旅游业发展迅速。要花在谋生上，很少有机会外出旅行。然而，精品文档．精品文档出国旅游也裕中产阶级的出现，引发了一个前所未有的旅游热潮。中国人不仅在国内旅游，亿元。据世界贸易组织估越来越普遍。年国庆节假日期间，旅游消费总计超过40002016在未来几年里将成为处境旅游支出增长最快2020年中国将成为世界上最大的旅游国，计，的国家。 With the improvement of living standards, vacationis playing an increasin life. In the past, Chinese people mainlysChinesepeople'sgly important role in
2015.12 英语六级翻译真题及答案 翻译真题一】 在帮助国际社会于2030 年前消除极端贫困过程中，中国正扮演着越来越重要的角色。 自20 世纪70 年代末实施改革开放以来，中国已使多达四亿人摆脱了贫困。在未来五年中，中国将向其他发展中国家在减少贫困、发展教育、农业现代化、环境保护和医疗保健等方面提供援助。 中国在减少贫困方面取得了显著进步，并在促进经济增长方面作出了不懈努力，这将鼓励其他贫困国家应对自身发展中的挑战。在寻求具有自身特色的发展道路时，这些国家可以借鉴中国的经验。2015.12 英语六级翻译真题及答案2015.12 英语六级翻译真题及答案。 参考答案： 第1 篇】 China is playing an increasingly important role in helping the international community in the process of eradicating extreme poverty by 2030. Since the implementation of reform and opening up in the late 1970s, China has helped as many as 400 million people out of poverty. In the next five years, China will provide assistance to other developing countries in poverty reduction, education development, agricultural modernization, environmental protection, health care and so on. China has made remarkable progress in poverty alleviation, and it has made unremitting efforts in promoting economic growth. This will encourage other poor countries to cope with their own development challenges. These countries can learn from China's experience in