从词义的轻重辨析词语
有的近义词之间基本意义相近，但是词义程度的轻重有所不同。一般来说，词义的轻重主要是意义相近的动词、形容词表现出来的差别，有的词语适用于比较重要的、较大的事物，有的则适用于一般性的事物；有的表示的程度深、性质重，有的则表示的程度浅、性质浅，这就是词义的轻重。
例如：
妨碍与妨害
例1．这么晚了还放录音机，会别人休息的。
例2．在瓜果蔬菜上喷洒农药，会人们的健康。
解析：“妨碍”指对人或事造成一定的障碍，词义较轻;“妨害”使人或事物受到损害，词义较重。
相信信任信赖
例3、但是，他仍然人们是好的。
例4、他永远是一个能以生命相托的最值得的同志
例5、共产党是给他们指出前进道路的可以的灯塔。
解析：“相信”词义较轻；“信任”词义较重；“信赖”词义最重。
例题：
1．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是：
①要把那些党纪国法，敢于顶风作案的领导干部，交司法部门处理，尤其不能以纪律处分代替法律制裁。
②坚决依法惩办，绝不。
A．违反宽贷B．违犯宽贷C．违犯宽待D．违反宽待
【答案】B
【解析】“违反”指不遵守、不符合法规、规程；“违犯”指违背和触犯法规，词义比“违反”重。由“党纪国法”可知，①句选“违犯”。“宽待”指宽大地对待；“宽贷”指宽恕、饶恕，词义比前者重。由“依法惩办”可知，“宽贷”符合句意。所以本题选B。
2．随着广播、电视和报纸等大众传媒进入千家万户、覆盖城乡，其对社会舆论的影响力扩大，越来越成为广大群众的主要信息来源，在很大程度上着社会舆论。
填入画横线部分最恰当的一项是：
A．日益影响B．逐步控制
C．渐渐干扰D．不断引领
【答案】A
【解析】根据“很大程度上”可知，该影响力扩大的速度快，“逐步”和“渐渐”语义过轻。“影响”指对别人的思想或行动起作用；“引领”指带领某一个事物的发展，词义范围比前者小。因此“影响”符合语境。所以本题选A。
3．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是：
①谁有这本书，我希望不要它。
②剩下的帝国主义的经济事业和文化事业，可以让它们暂时存在，由我们加以监督和，以待全国胜利后再去解决。
③为了躲避敌人的搜捕，她成一个阔太太，打扮得珠光宝气。
A．轻视管制化装B．轻视管理化妆
C．鄙视管理化妆D．鄙视管制化装
【答案】A
【解析】“轻视”指小看，词义较轻；“鄙视”指极端轻视，词义较重。结合①句语境“书”，应选“轻视”。“管制”指强制性管理，使对方服从，词义比“管理”重。“管制”更贴合②句语境。“化妆”指只用化妆品，限于面部，使容貌美丽；“化装”指假扮或改换形象，化妆品和服饰都用，用于整个身体。由“为了躲避敌人的搜捕”可知应选“化装”。所以本题选A。
中考英语语法专项复习语法： 名词 语法考点剖析 考点一名词词义辨析 有些名词在不同的语言环境中有不同的词义。词义辨析题旨在考查学生能否通过对上下文的理解，使用合适的词汇，考查形式主要有以下三种： 1．一词多义 一词多义指某个名词具有两种或两种以上的常见意义，在不同的语言环境中有不同的意义。 orange橘子(汁)；橘黄色fish鱼；鱼肉 chicken小鸡；鸡肉paper纸；报纸；试卷 glass玻璃；玻璃杯light电灯；光 2．近义词辨析 近义词指某几个名词在意义上比较相近，但使用范围有差别。英语中的近义词比较多，考试中出现频率较高的近义词有以下几组： home, family, house家 problem, question, trouble问题 clothing, clothes, dress衣服 job, work工作 sound, voice, noise声音 person, people, human人 message, information信息 street, road, way路 travel, trip, journey旅行 competition, game, match比赛 3．语境辨词 语境辨词就是运用我们的生活经验、知识积累，根据上下文推测出空格处所要表达的意思，从而选出正确的词语，如我们渴了就需要水(water)、饮料(tea, coffee, juice等)；饿了就需要食物(bread, rice, meat, cake等)；我们寄信需要去post office；取钱需要去bank。 I'm thirsty, Mom. Could you give me some water to drink？妈妈，我渴了。你可以给我点水喝吗？
英语词义辨析100组 动词 1. abandon desert discard quit abandon: 放弃，丢弃，抛弃。指因为外界的压力或影响完全放弃，因迫不得已而放弃，如: abandon obligation 放弃任务。 desert: 抛弃，舍弃，指某人或某物在困境中“被抛弃”。如: desert the baby after giving birth 生下婴儿后将其抛弃。 discard: 丢弃，抛弃（老朋友或旧物）。如:discard one’s old friends 抛弃老朋友。 quit: 离开，退出，突然放弃。指主动放弃或离开。如: quit one’s job 辞职。 2. abolish cancel remove eliminate abolish: 废除，强调对法律或旧习惯的废除。如: abolish slavery 废除奴隶制。 cancel: 取消，强调对原定的会议、计划、安排等取消。如: cancel the meeting 取消会议。 remove: 出去，撤去。强调位臵的移动或从远处消失。如: remove the stain from clothes 清除衣服上的污渍。 eliminate: 除去，剔除，淘汰。强调使彻底消失。如: eliminate sb. From competition 把某人淘汰出局，eliminate poverty 消除贫困 3. abuse curse condemn criticize abuse: 谩骂，辱骂；滥用，虐待。指出口恶言骂人。 curse: 诅咒，咒骂。表示愤怒或嫉恨。 condemn: 谴责，强调由于不良行为或过失而受到强烈谴责。用于正式、严肃的场合。 criticize: 批评某人，强调指出某人的错误或不足之处。 4. accelerate speed hasten quicken accelerate: 加速，既可指使物体加快速度运动，也可指使事情进程加快。如：accelerate the economic growth 加快经济增长的速度。 speed: 加速，指事物快速运动。 hasten: 赶快，催促。指急忙地做某事。 quicken: 加快。指富有生机地将动作在更短的时间内完成。 5. accumulate assemble collect gather accumulate: 积累，积聚。指有规则地、逐渐地=不断地大量积聚（知识、财富等）。如：accumulate wealth 积聚财富。
高考名词真题解析 一、单项选择名词 1．Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________． A．consequence B．independence C．competence D．intelligence 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们要不断地更新自己的知识以保持他们能够胜任工作的能力。A. consequence 结果； B. independence独立； C. competence 资格，能力，胜任，称职；D. intelligence 智力。根据句意，C项符合此处语境。故选C。 2．As an American living in-Tianjin for about 10 years, Chris says that it has been a ________ be a witness to China’s great progress. A．privilege B．preference C．priority D．principle 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：作为一个在天津生活了大约10年的美国人，克里斯说，能够见证中国的巨大进步是一种荣幸。A. privilege 荣幸；B. preference偏爱；C. priority 优先；D. principle原则。privilege“荣幸”符合句意。故A选项正确。 3．The broken window was the that the house had been broken into. A．evidence B．expression C．scenery D．function 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. evidence证据； B. expression表达； C. scenery风景； D. function功能。句意：弄坏的窗户是这所房子被破门而入的证据。故选A。 4．When people need information, from the news and weather forecasts to travel packages and academic research, the Internet is now the first______ they turn to. A．privilege B．source C．assistance D．outcome 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. privilege特权； B. source来源； C. assistance帮助，援助； D. outcome
名词练习 1. There is no ____to the street through that door. A) access B) avenue C) exposure D) edge (have) access to 1. enter 进入2. possess 拥有3.approach 接近 assess 评价评估，evaluate 评价评估，estimate 预计（at a rough estimate粗略估计） asset 资产（fixed asset 固定资产）property 财产 avenue 大路path 小径route 路线shortcut 捷径（cut across 超近道） edge 边缘margin 边毛利，利润verge 边（on the verge of ） exposure 暴露揭露be exposed to 暴露在……之下 2. Good students who need money can usually get money for education. There are special sources of money, special education ______ from their governments, other agencies, and organizations. A) cash B) finances C) funds D) income Cash现金finance 财政金融financial a.财政的funds 基金income 收入revenue 税收 Salary/wage 薪水pension 养老金allowance 津贴补贴tuition 学费fee 费用 Commission 佣金提成kickback 回扣fine 罚款bonus 奖金tip 小费capital 资本首都 3. Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _________ . A) intention B) attempt C) purpose D) desire Intention 目的意图（intent to do）attempt 尝试 Purpose 目的结果on purpose=deliberately 故意地destination 目的地destiny=fate命运 Desire 渴望希望（desire to do, desire of doing）；Long for sth 渴望得到 4. The teacher wrote his comments in the ________ of the student’s paper. A) margin B) bulletin C) edition D) bargain margin 边毛利，利润bulletin 公告公示edition 版本editor 编辑 bargain v.讨价还价n 物美价廉的商品 5. Because there is great _______ in the quality of diamonds, stones of the same size may not cost the same price. A) similarity B) agreement C) change D) variation similarity n 相似be similar to 和……相似 familiar 熟悉的be familiar with 对……熟悉 agree with同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等 agree to同意或接受某事，尤其指别人提出的某事，有时可能是自己不喜欢的事 agree on主要指双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议 Variation 差异vary 变化（vary from a to b ） Variety n 多样性a variety of=various 多种多样的各种各样的 6. As a result of their _________the three small independent countries felt less afraid of their powerful neighbor . A) alliance B) combination C) partnership D) union Alliance n 联盟ally v 联盟combination n 组合combine v 组合 independent 独立depend on=-rely on 依靠依赖 the student union 学生会labor union 工会on strike 罢工 7. The basic _______ to a happy family are love, understanding and communication. A) elements B) sections C) contents D) components element 元素section 部分零件contents 目录content 内容 be content with=be satisfied with 对……满意 contest 斗争比赛contact with 接触联系contract 合同sign a contract 签合同 components 组成部分零件opponent 对手oppose vt 反对rival/competitor 对手
2019 年中考英语真题--- 形容词和副词词义辨析（一） 1. 【2019 ? 福建省】More and more people have realized that clear water and green mountains are as as mountains of gold a and silver. A. central B. special C. valuable 2. 【2019 ?兰州 市】How ___ it rained yesterday! We had to cancel our football match. A heavily B. light C. heavy D. lightly 3.【2019 ?安徽 省】—The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away. —It's really __ A. secret B. direct C. amazing D. traditional 4. 【2019 ?安徽 省】I came to school _____ this morning because it was my turn to clean our classroom. A. early B. slowly C. quietly D. suddenly 5. 【2019 ?山东滨州市】The artist is so ___ that he can make different changing __________________________________________ pictures with sand. A. common B. careless C. creative D. helpful 6. 【2019 ?山东滨州市】—Confucius Institute （孔子学院） has been set up in many other countries. —Yes, Chinese is _____ spoken in those countries. I am proud of that as a Chinese. A. hardly B. widely C. never D. seldom 7. 【2019 ? 江西省】Peter spoke so ____ that I could hardly hear him.
高考英语名词知识点真题汇编附解析(5) 一、选择题 1．During the early ____________of planetary evolution, they served to sweep the solar system. A．stages B．journeys C．species D．demands 2．Many scientists have believed that there may be a ______ of life on the Mars. A．signal B．sign C．mark D．sigh 3．Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-breaking. A．command B．control C．charge D．possession 4．Tony put on soft music and turned down the lights in order to give a more relaxed ____ at home. A．view B．attitude C．style D．atmosphere 5．The worker was satisfied with his boss because he was offered a good . A．salary B．price C．service D．reason 6．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster 7．If violence is not kept in check by bringing the guilty to ____, matters will go beyond what the public can tolerate. A．equality B．justice C．regulation D．liberation 8．All children should be encouraged to realize their full __________. A．impact B．recognition C．potential D．program 9．If you feel any_____ in your neck, put a towel under your head for support when sleeping. A．tension B．abortion C．submission D．dimension 10．Hawking owned a brilliant intellect with a deep ____ for humanity, which enabled him to overcome his terrible disease and become a famous scientist. A．aid B．concern C．glory D．basis 11．Charles Darwin explained the ________ of species on earth in his book that came out in1859. A．ancestor B．origin C．belief D．custom 12．The _____on his face suggested that he was extremely angry. A．impression B．sight C．appearance D．expression 13．Our natural ________ are limited. This means that they will not________forever. A．energies; occur B．materials ; erupt C．resources ; last D．sources; bury 14．Poverty alleviation is a high priority of our country and has been put on the top of________at two sessions. A．agenda B．subject C．directory D．seminar 15．How much does it cost to put satellite into____________？ A．gas B．orbit C．chemicals D．vapors 16．Due to the ________ of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at the early stage. A．appreciation B．application C．appointment D．approach
删除第2页的例题1、2、 6，用以下三个例题代替 【例1】 (2010 宿迁)Sandy didn’t tell her parents that she was going home because she wanted to give them a _______. A．gift B．call C．surprise D．note 【解析】选C。此处考的是名词词义辨析。句意为：Sandy没告诉她父母她将回家，因为她想给他们一个惊喜。C项surprise表示“惊喜”符合题意。A项gift表示“礼物；赠品”之意；B项call表示“?呼喊声，叫声；鸟鸣声；?打电话；?拜访”；D项note“便条；笔记”。 【例 2】(2010 菏泽)Please pick up the _______．Don’t keep it on the floor. A．water B．paper C．books D．bottles 【解析】选B。此处考的是可数名词复数和不可数名词。句意为：请把纸捡起来，不要一直把它放在地上。从don’t keep it on the floor中的it可知此处代替的是可数名词单数或不可数名词，故排除C和D。根据句中的pick up“捡起”可知B项paper“纸”符合题意。 【例6】(2010嘉兴)Tom，you can go to the _______ if you want to borrow the novel. A．gym B．library C．museum D．theater 【解析】选B。此处考的是名词词义辨析。句意为：Tom，你可以去图书馆借那本小说。B 项library表示“图书馆”符合题意。A项gym表示“体操馆”之意；C项museum表示“博物馆”；D项theater“剧院”。 以下2010年中考真题插在第4页真题演练下方 2010 中考真题 ( ) 1．(2010 江西)---What ________ do you have for Paul ---I think he should study harder than before. A．news B．advice C．help D．information ( ) 2．(2010 宁波)---Michael likes flying around the world. ---I think a _______ is just right for him. A．pilot B．policeman C．cook D．doctor ( ) 3．(2010河北)I don’t think looking after children is just ________ work. A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s ( ) 4．(2010河南)It was hard for me to make a _______，but I decided to leave my job. A．suggestion B．decision C．plan D．speech ( ) 5．(2010东阳)I saw many ____________ eating grass on the hill. A．horse B．cow C．rabbit D．sheep ( ) 6．(2010滨州)---Can I help you ---I’d like ____________ for my twin daughters. A．two pair of shoes B．two pairs of shoe C．two pair of shoe D．two pairs of shoes ( ) 7．(2010 重庆)Something is wrong with my ______．I can’t see anything around me. A．nose B．ears C．eyes D．mouth
英语名词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析 一、初中英语名词 1．（?苏州）Steve Jobs was full of — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society. A. instruction B. invitation C. introduction D. invention 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：史蒂夫·乔布斯充满了发明-总是提出新的想法，这导致了社会的巨大变化。instruction指令；invitation邀请；introduction介绍，说明；invention发明。结合语境，所以选D。 2．— I don't know how to use the App Fun Dubbing. — Ask Kitty for help. She has lots of in doing it. A. expression B. experiment C. examination D. experience 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——我不知道怎样使用趣味配音软件。——向Kitty寻求帮助。她有许多做它的经验。A.表达；B.实验；C.考试；D.经验。向Kitty寻求帮助的原因是Kitty有这方面的经验，故选D。 【点评】考查名词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。 3．—Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me. —If you make a , you must keep it. A. joke B. noise C. mistake D. promise 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：-妈妈，我今年将会少吃快餐，相信我。-如果你许下诺言，你就必须坚持它。Joke笑话；noise吵闹；mistake错误；promise诺言。结合语境，所以选D。 4．There's little left at home. Go and buy some, dear. A. carrots B. potatoes C. rice 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：家里剩的马铃薯不多了，去买一些吧。A. carrots 胡萝卜；B. potatoes马铃薯；C. rice大米。因为空格前有little，它修饰不可数名词，rice 是不可数名词，故选C。
高考英语名词知识点真题汇编及答案解析 一、选择题 1．Mr. Li Jiacheng is considered one of the most successful businessmen in the world. And, he regards himself as the ________ of the times. A．instructor B．expert C．favorite D．admirer 2．The self-driving smart bus is already operating in 10 cities across China, with the latest_______ in Shanghai in August. A．exploration B．exclusion C．expansion D．explosion 3．One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages. A．mistake B．error C．blame D．fault 4．Many scientists have believed that there may be a ______ of life on the Mars. A．signal B．sign C．mark D．sigh 5．Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-breaking. A．command B．control C．charge D．possession 6．If you want to get a good ___________, you’d better stand on the top of the hill. A．sight B．scene C．look D．view 7．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products. A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification 8．The two neighbouring countries reached a（an） ______ on their boundary problem eventually. A．Accumulation.B．compensation C．accommodation D．ambition 9．They lived in a backward part of the country, with no electricity, paved roads or easy ______ to safe drinking water. A．lack B．guarantee C．remedy D．access 10．The painful experience left her emotionally drained, but she is not the sort of ________woman to be defeated by a of fate. A．damage B．collapse C．twist D．share 11．To everyone's surprise, the three-year-old boy recited Three-Character Canon without making a single . A．slide B．slip C．sneeze D．squeeze 12．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health. A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief 13．Childhood ________ often play a big part in shaping one’s character . A．courses B．experiences C．effects D．records 14．He wins the Nobel Prize for his outstanding _________to physics. A．contribution B．conclusion C．addition D．explanation 15．Nearly a year after his____________ from prison, he was still unable to sleep properly. A．expedition B．transformation C．link D．release
名词的词义辨析 1、（2016?黑龙江）The Belt and Road Initiative （一带一路倡议）will help China improve with those related countries，especially Pakistan．（） A．relationship B．agreement C．environment 【考点】名词的词义辨析． 【分析】一带一路倡议将帮助中国改善与那些（沿线）相关国家的关系，尤其是巴基斯坦． 【解答】答案：A；relationship关系；联系；agreement协定，协议；environment环境， 外界；根据常识，一带一路倡议将会加强与沿线国家的关系；故根据句中信息The Belt and Road Initiative （一带一路倡议） will help China improve…with those related countries，especially Pakistan，推测该句句意：带一路倡议将帮助中国改善与那些（沿 线）相关的国家的关系，尤其是巴基斯坦．故选A． 2、（2016?齐齐哈尔）-Can you tell me the of the novel？ -Yes，of course， is Mo Yan．（） A．name，He B．writer，It C．name，It 【考点】名词的词义辨析；人称代词． 【分析】-你能告诉我这部小说的作者吗？ -是的，当然可以，它是莫言． 【解答】答案：B；根据答语Yes，of course，…is Mo Yan；推测上句句意：你能告诉我 这部小说的作者吗？答语中的it指代小说的作者"writer of the novel"故选B． 3、（2016?连云港）-It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language． -Yes，it's a major way of _____ for them．（） A．suggestion B．vacation C．production D．communication 【考点】名词的词义辨析． 【分析】-聋人学习手语是很有用的． -是的，这是他们交流的一种主要方式． 【解答】答案：D；suggestion建议；vacation假期；production产品；communication 交流；根据上句It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language．推测下句 句意：这是他们交流的一种主要方式；故选D． 4、（2016?宜昌）---The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015Nobel Prize． ---Her has saved millions of lives across the world．（） A．victory B．story C．discovery D．industry 【考点】名词的词义辨析． 【分析】--中国科学家屠呦呦获得了2015年诺贝尔奖． --她的发现挽救了世界上数以百万人的生命． 【解答】答案：C． 首先明确选项中名词的意思，A：胜利；B：故事；C：发现；D：工业；联系她发现了青蒿 素，根据语境和设空处后面的saved推测后面一句话的句意是"她的发现挽救了世界上数以 百万人的生命．"，由此判断句子中缺少"发现"一词，故答案为C． 5、（2016?咸宁）--Tu Youyou recerved the Nobel Prize for her________of anemisinin （青蒿素）． --And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science．（）
（英语）英语名词练习题20篇及解析 一、初中英语名词 1．（?江苏扬州）——Finding information is not a big deal today.—— Well, the ______is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not. A. courage B. message C. challenge D. knowledge 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:一一现在找到信息不是难事。一一哦，最大的挑战是我们是否可以说出信息有用与否。A.勇气;B.消息，信息;C. 挑战;D.知识。找到信息它易，辨别是否有用是对我们的挑战。故选C。 2．— I don't know how to use the App Fun Dubbing. — Ask Kitty for help. She has lots of in doing it. A. expression B. experiment C. examination D. experience 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——我不知道怎样使用趣味配音软件。——向Kitty寻求帮助。她有许多做它的经验。A.表达；B.实验；C.考试；D.经验。向Kitty寻求帮助的原因是Kitty有这方面的经验，故选D。 【点评】考查名词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。 3．In every ______ there has to be some give-and-take. A. friendship B. instrument C. attention D. blackboard 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：在每一段友谊中都必须有一些互谅互让。A. friendship意思是“友谊”；B. instrument意思是“乐器、仪器”；C. attention意思是“注意”；D. blackboard意思是“黑板”。根据后面的has to be some give-and-take.可知此处是说“友谊”，故答案为A。 【点评】考查名词辨析。理解题意并牢记单词。 4．—The last bus has left. What should we do? —Let's take a taxi. We have no other ______ now. A. choice B. reason C. habit 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：－末班车离开了。我们应该怎么办呢？－我们坐出租车吧。我们现在没有其他的选择了。A. choice选择；B. reason理由；C. habit习惯。没公交了，只有坐出租车这条选择，没有别的选择了。故选A。 【点评】此题考查名词的辨析。 5．— Have you heard of a cool washing machine called Bicycle Washing Machine?
高考英语语法复习动词词义辨析 动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指：1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如：lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如：borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。4、意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如：ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear等。6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如：give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。 （一）易混动词 1 2、rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。 3、hear与listen to：hear侧重点是听到，听见什么，而listen to是侧重于听的倾向，但hear用于无意中的听见，而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。 4、see, watch和look：see用作看电影，剧目；watch则用作看电视比赛，而watch还有在旁观看之意。如：Are you going to play or only watch?；look一般用作不及物动词，只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词，如：The little boy looked me in the face.（小男孩直盯着我的脸。） 5、wind和wound：wind意为蜿蜒而行，其过去式与过去分词都是wound，而动词原形wound 意为伤害，其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。 6、hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为悬挂，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为绞刑，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。 7、hear的过去分词born与borne：bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词born，borne。只有当be+born…短语后没有by介词短语时，才可用born。如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作它用时要用borne。如：She has borne five children. 但如果作忍受讲，则一律用borne。 8、sit与seat：seat为及物动词时是作容纳讲，sit只是表示一动作。seat如果表示就座时要用be seated。如：They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair. 9、borrow, lend与keep：借入英文中用borrow，借出用lend，但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词，不能用于长时间的动作，所以我能借多久应用keep。 10、win与beat：win作胜、赢讲时其后应接，a game, an argument, a battle, a prize, a contest, a race, a bet，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含意。如:I have won him. 即我已说服他了，我赢得他的好感。而beat是及物动词为击败、胜过讲，直接接人、队。 11、steal与rob：steal为偷。rob为抢，其用法不同。steal其后接物+from+某人、某地，而rob 其后接人+of+抢的物品。 12、fit与suit：fit与suit均可作合适讲，但英文中却用在不同的地方。如fit用于尺寸大小的合适，而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。 13、take, bring 与fetch：英文中拿三个词，即拿来，拿去，去取然后回来(即双程)。所以拿来，带来是bring，拿去带走是take，而去取回来是fetch。 14、shut与close：shut与close有时是可以互换的，但有些地方则不可这样做。如:在正式场合多用close，而在命令，态度粗暴的场合则用shut。如:Shut your mouth!(闭嘴)；又如:Shut up. 在指铁路、公路交通关闭或停止使用的场合，则要用close。 15、answer与reply：作为回答讲answer是及物动词，如作不及物动词，则意义不同，如answer for，意为向某人或向某事负责。而reply作回答讲是不及物动词，后跟宾语时，要加上to。