Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
单项选择
21. We were caught in _____ sudden rainstorm, which made our trip in the valley _____ unbelievable adventure.
A. a; 不填
B. 不填; an
C. a; an
D. 不填; 不填
22. —I’m afraid tickets for the concert have been sold out.
—Well, let’s take a chance. There _____ still be some left.
A. must
B. might
C. should
D. would
23. Many doctors were on the _____ soon after the traffic accident, saving the injured passengers.
A. situation
B. occasion
C. position
D. scene
24. As I was tidying my room, I found the letter by accident, _____ was addressed to
my late grandfather.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. what
25. I _____ along the pavement yesterday when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the police station.
A. is wandering
B. has wandered
C. had wandered
D. was wandering
26. My father read through my composition and _____ quite a few spelling mistakes in it.
A. sought
B. issued
C. spotted
D. consulted
27.The traditional view is _____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.
A. when
B. why
C. whether
D. that
28.You can only be sure of _____ you have at present；you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future．
A．that; what B．what; / C．which；that D．/；that
29. Didn’t you find the film exciting?—___, I nearly fell asleep half way through it!
A. As a result
B. In other words
C. On the contrary
D. After all
30. Though the businessman isn’t very rich, he gives a large of money to the
students every year.
A.number
B. amount
C.numbers
D. amounts
31. Instead of ___ the dictionary, I always try to guess the meanings of those new words in the passage.
A. accounting for
B. turning to
C. bringing up
D. doing with
32. One of the reasons for the great success of the film is _____ it brings back the happy memories of our childhood.
A. why
B. whether
C. where
D. that
33.Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s _____ the best jobs are.
A. where
B. what
C. when
D. why
阅读理解: Lisa Wrightsman used soccer to turn her life around. Now she’s using it to help others do the same. Wrightsman had been a good footballer but later fell into drugs, and homelessness.
Last year, however, she entered a V olunteers of America recovery program and discovered VOA’s street soccer program at Mather. She got a chance to go to Washington, D.C. to play with the Mohawks, VOA’s men’s team. Later she was named most valuable player in the season and sent to Brazil to represent （代表）the United States.
When she got back, she became a changed woman. A newly-found confidence earned her full-time work at TechSkills. Watching the women play in Brazil had been a surprising experience for her.
“They were not serious players,”she said, referring to their soccer background, not their motivation (动机). She saw street soccer as something more than athletics. It is movement about helping people get off the street.
She returned with an idea. “We can make a women’s team if this is what it’s about”. For the first time, her city will send a women’s Mohawks homeless soccer team to the national tournament (联赛) this summer. “Lisa was all ready to coach it,”said Chris Mann, the men’s coach. “She understood it was much bigger than her.”
The added team has benefited both women and men in VOA’s recovery programs. For one thing, women are getting along well with their children because of football.
The women playing have become less competitive and more trusting of each other. The same is true of men, who are also willing to learn more family skills.
56. After Lisa Wrightsman played with the Mohawks, she ______.
A. left her football team
B. stopped playing football
C. developed some bad habits
D. was chosen as the best player
57. What made Lisa Wrightsman change?
A. Playing football in Washington.
B. Making a women’s team in her city.
C. Watching women play football in Brazil.
D. Coaching a women’s Mohawks soccer team.
58. From the text, we can learn Lisa Wrightsman _____.
A. used to hate soccer
B. didn’t understand soccer
C. used soccer to help others
D. created VOA’s recovery program
59. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Why people like the new football team.
B. good effect of the new football team.
C. How Lisa organized the new football team.
D.The bright future of the new football team.
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Rachel lived outside Seattle and always wanted to help others when young. At age 5, she learned about an organization named Locks of Love which 36 hair donations to make wigs (假发) for children who have 37 their own hair because of cancer or other diseases. Rachel then asked to have her long hair 38 and sent to it.
Then when she was 8, her school began 39 money to build wells in Africa. When she learned that other children had no clean 40 , Rachel was shocked. So she asked her parents to 41 holding her birthday party. In place of 42 , she asked her friends to 43 $9 each to the project in Africa.
Rachel’s n inth birthday was on June 12, and she had 44 a birthday page on the Internet with a goal of $300. 45 , Rachel was able to raise only $220 — which had left her just a bit 46 .
On July 20, Rachel was 47 injured in a traffic accident. That was a terrible shock to her friends, who wanted to find some way of showing 48 . They began
donating on Rachel’s birthday page. Donations 49 her $300 goal quickly, and kept rising.
When it was 50 that Rachel would never recover, her parents donated her hair a final time to Locks of Love, and her organs (器官) to other children. Word 51 about Rachel’s story.
More 52 was being raised. The total donations soon topped $100,000, then $300,000. 53 others, I was also moved and donated. Until now more than $850,000 has been raised from all over the world, 54 donations from Africans moved by the little American girl who 55 their continent.
36. A. sells B. uses C. buys D. borrows
37. A. washed B. worn C. lost D. pulled
38. A. cut B. tied C. brushed D. dried
39. A. raising B. spending C. wasting D. earning
40. A. air B. paper C. room D. water
41. A. stop B. enjoy C. practise D. start
42. A. time B. hair C. games D. presents
43. A. give B. owe C. serve D. award
44. A. put up B. set up C. picked up D. backed up
45. A. Besides B. So C. However D. Therefore
46. A. excited B. relaxed C. tired D. disappointed
47. A. unluckily B. uncertainly C. impossibly D. unfairly
48. A. courage B. support C. interest D. power
49. A. established B. found C. passed D. allowed
50. A. clear B. possible C. necessary D. proper
51. A. disappeared B. changed C. ended D. spread
52. A. evidence B. money C. advice D. doubt
53. A. From B. For C. Like D. Without
54. A. saving B. including C. sending D. costing
55. A. cared about B. looked for C. belonged to D. relied on
参考答案:
21- 25 ACBDB 26-30 DCAAC 31-35 BBCDA 36-40 BCAAD 41-45 ADABC 46-50 DABCA 51-55 DBCBA 56-60 CBACC 61-65 AADCC 66-70 BBDCD 71-75 FAGBD
外研社八下Module6Unit1同步测试 知识基础练 一、根据汉语提示写单词,并背记相应英语词汇 1. The handbag is very cheap. It’s just fifteen ________ (英镑) . 2. It’s very hot here. I need a ________ (扇子) to keep me cool. 3. It’s ________ (只是;仅仅) half past five. You can’t leave now. 4. How many ________ (架子) are there in the bookstore? 5. We think his suggestion is ________ (有价值的) to us. 二、根据提示完成句子,并背记英语句子 6.你认为哪种爱好占用空间最大? Which hobby do you think ______ ______ the most space? 7.让我看一看。 Let me _______ ______ _______. 8.它们一定很值钱。 They ______ ______ really valuable. 9.我的爱好不像你的那么费钱——我收集车票,公共汽车票和火车票！ Myhobbydoesn’tcost________________________yours—Icollecttickets, bus tickets and train tickets! 10.人们也收集东西只是为了记住他们生活中重要的事情。 People also collect things just to remember ___________ ___________in their lives. 能力提升练
Unit 3 Plants 单元检测（一） 同步练习 一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1 ? You can" fool ________ of them .Perhaps you can fool some of them. A.any B? every C? either D. all 2.Would you allow your child to do such a thing if you are in _______ position of ________ parent? A.a； a B? a； the C. the； a D. the； the 3.People working 10 or 11 hours a day are more likely to suffer from health problems than w ho go off duty after eight hours. A.those B? that C. these D. them 4.Li Na has made _______ of herself in the world of tennis since she became a tennis player. A. nolhing B. something C. anything D? everything 5.Babies' health is much more likely to be affected if _______ parent smokes. A. both B. none C? neither D. either 6.—【Fs already five years since we last met.Shall we have a get-together tonight? A. It^s a pleasure B. That's all right C. I can^t agree more D. It's very kind of you 7.He is very popular among us as he always tries to make us ________ in his lectures. A. interested B. inleresling C. interest D? to interest 8.The Forbidden City is _______ well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year. A. so a B. a so C. such D?such a 9.Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _______ . A. washed B?wash C. washing D. to wash 10.We have spotted the location, ________ we thought is the site of Emperor Qin Shihuang? A. that B. what C. which D. where 11.Nowadays many people keep on the move, ________ t here to be better-paid jobs.
人教版英语2019-2020学年八年级上册Unit 3同步评估B卷 一、听句子，选出与其意思相符的图片。 (共5题；共10分) 1. （2分）What does Tony have? A . B . C . 2. （2分）How does Tom usually go to school? A . B . C . 3. （2分）What does the girl look like? A .
B . C . 4. （2分）How does Tom learn English? A . B . C . 5. （2分）选出与其意思相符的图片（） A . B . C . 二、听对话，选择最佳答案。 (共5题；共10分) 6. （2分）What will Steve have? A . Pancakes.
C . Beef. 7. （2分）Does Lucy want to buy a pen? A . No, she doesn't. B . Yes, she does. C . She doesn't like the pen. 8. （2分）How can the girl understand her foreign teacher? A . By his writing. B . By his expression. C . By his body language. 9. （2分）What can the boy help the girl with? A . Geography. B . Chinese. C . Chemistry. 10. （2分）Where does Sam come from? A . B . C . 三、听长对话，选择最佳答案。 (共1题；共10分) 11. （10分）听一段长对话, 选择正确答案 （1）Where will Rick go on vacation?
必修1第1单元检测题 (满分150分) 第一部分听力(共两节,满分35分) 第一节听力理解(5段共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题,各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题,在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第一段对话,回答第1 ~ 3题。 1. What’s the relationship of the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Friends. C. Strangers. 2. What does Jenny do? A. A saleswoman. B. A student. C. A manager. 3. What will Jenny do next? A. Work at Wal-Mart. B. Go for an interview. C. Write a report. 听第二段对话,回答第4 ~ 6题。 4. What do we learn about the man’s dog? A. It’s lovely and well-trained. B. It’s very troublesome. C. It’s wearing green clothes. 5. What does the woman think about dogs? A. They have existed for thousands of years. B. They are rather attractive. C. They are good friends to people. 6. What does the man do every day? A. Goes out for a walk with his family. B. Walks and plays with his dog. C. Does exercise. 听第三段对话,回答第7 ~ 9题。 7. What does the man do? A. A bank clerk. B. A college student. C. A bank manager. 8. What do we learn from the conversation? A. The woman opened an account with $50 last week. B. The bank has recently changed its policy. C. It takes a student $100 to open an account now. 9. What will the woman probably do next? A. Give up opening an account. B. Ask the manager for advice. C. Go somewhere else to open an account. 听第四段独白,回答第10 ~ 12题。 10. How did the scientists do their research? A. By collecting records from fishing companies and governments. B. By counting the fish in the ocean. C. By looking into the Japanese fishing industry. 11. What do we learn about long-line fishing?
【人教pep版】三年级下册英语同步练习Unit3单元检测 (含听力材料) Listening Part(听力部分) I. Listen and number(根据你听到的内容给下面的图片标上序号) II. Listen and tick.（听一听，根据听到的内容判断图片表达的意思是 否正确） III. Listen and circle (听一听，圈出恰当的图片)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.7. IV. Listen and circle. (听一听，圈出你所听到的单词) 1. fat short leg 2. thin big tall 3. long small so 4. fat thin tall 5. giraffe children deer V. Listen and number. (听一听，根据你听到的内容给下面句子标上序号) ( ) Where are you from? ( ) It has a long nose and short tail. ( ) Who’s that man? ( ) She’s my mother. ( ) It’s so tall.
( ) No, he isn’t. VI. Listen and number.(听一听，给每组中的单词排列顺序）1. 2. 3. 4. VII. Listen and write. (听一听，写一写） Writing Part（笔试部分） VIII. Read and circle.(读一读，圈出不同类的单词） 1. fat thin he 2. she tall big
Book 3 Unit 2 Healthy eating 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21. — Would you like some more fried chicken? — _____ It would make me gain weight. A. Why not? B. Good idea. C. No, thanks. D. What for? 22. Studies show that _____ good health depends on _____ balanced diet and plenty of rest and exercise. A. 不填; a B. the; a C. the; 不填 D. 不填; 不填 23. I hope to have a car of my own so that I _____ compete with others for space on crowded buses. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. oughtn’t to D. don’t have to 24. _____ on foods that contain a lot of fat and sugar if you want to lose weight. A. Turn down B. Cut down C. Take down D. Slow down 25. —Do you like the mutton? —To be honest, the mutton didn’t taste good — it _____ for too long. A. roasted B. was being roasted C. has been roasted D. had been roasted 26. The company is deep in _____ so you’d better avoid dealing with it. A. debt B. strength C. benefit D. thought 27. The coats are 200 dollars each, but _____ we offer a discount of 30%, you’ll get one for only 140 dollars. A. though B. unless
对VaR改进的一致性的风险度量尺度分析 【摘要】文章先对现有的风险度量尺度进行了简介，特别重点介绍了流行的VaR优点与缺点，以及后人对它的改进。在此基础上，文章针对VaR的不足构造了一种一致性的风险度量尺度AVaR。最后文章还对AVaR与VaR作了简单的比较。 【关键词】金融风险；风险度量尺度；VaR；AVaR 一、风险度量尺度简介 随着金融市场在近年来的快速发展，特别是金融工具创新的大量涌现，金融风险是当今金融领域最受关注的话题之一。为了更好地对金融风险进行预测和控制，学术界和金融领域的实际工作者相继提出了各种度量风险的尺度，从最早的收益的标准差到现在最热门的VaR。尽管方法很多，最常见的有以下六种： （1）标准差：； （2）半方差与下偏差Lbm[1]： ；，； （3）变异系数[2]：； （4）VaR：； （5) 右尾风险MEL与尾部VaR(TCE) [3]： , x为固定的目标值； （6）系数[4]：y代表市场指数。 （符号说明：上面的符号统一定义为：z：金融指数；y：市场指数；：变量的标准差；：变量的方差；：变量的期望值；：代表求变量的最小值。其它的符号请参见上面式子的定义。） 其中VaR最为流行。金融衍生产品是一大金融创新，同时也给金融市场带来了前所未有的巨大冲击，风险的度量需要一种广泛接受的尺度。在这种背景下，VaR诞生了。如今，VaR模型已经成为国际金融领域进行金融风险管理的主流方法。与传统的风险度量方法不同，VaR模型提供了对于投资组合整体风险的很好的度量。不同的金融产品有专门的风险度量方法，例如，对于股票组合的风险度量，通常可采用BETA系数，TrackingError等指标；对于普通债券的风险度量，通常可采用久期（Duration）和凸性（Convexity）等指标；对于可转换债券的风险度量，还需考虑其可转换的期权特征[5]。但是，人们更关心由各种类别混合组成的金融资产的整体风险，此时，以上所说的几种指标就无能为力了。VaR模型可以通过考虑各类组成资产的配置比例、各自的特点和相互之间的关系，从而计算出投资组合整体的整体风险。VaR的另一个重要的特征还在于它的透明性，仅此一个VaR数值所表述的潜在风险可使任何人都能弄明白风险的程度。VaR模型本质上是使用标准的统计分析技术来评估风险。更确切地说，VaR模型衡量的是在一般的市场情况和给定的置信水平下，金融资产在一个给定的时间区间可能面临的最大损失。 但是，VaR作为广泛应用的风险度量方法，本身固有的缺陷也遭到了的批评。其中最为突出的是VaR只反映风险发生的概率，而不能反映超过它的“尾部风险”。为了弥补这个不足，Albrecht 建议用不足量（Shortfall）来度量“尾部风险”，而Artzner用“尾部条件期望”
Unit 1Friendship 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题 1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What colour does the man prefer? A．Light blue. B．Yellow. C．Pink. 2．What was the climate like where the old couple lived? A．Hot. B．Warm. C．Snowy. 3．What are the two speakers talking about? A．The quality of school buildings. B．The earthquake. C．Natural disasters. 4．What does the Beijing Olympics emblem mean? ． A．It means “Welcome to Beijing” ． B．It means “Green Beijing” ． C．It means “Dancing Beijing” 5．Why did the woman get a new job in another country? A．Because she hated to work with the man here. B．Because she didn't like the culture here. C．Because she wanted to experience a new culture. 第二节(共15小题；每小题 1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每 小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
第三单元检测卷 时间：120分钟满分：150分 班级：________姓名：________得分：________ 第一部分听力(共2小节，满分30分) 第一节听力选择(共15小题，每小题1.5分，共计22.5分) A．图片理解请听句子，从A、B、C中选择与句子意思相符的正确图片。(听两遍) ()1.A. B. C. ()2.A. B. C. ()3.A. B. C. ()4.A. B. C. ()5.A. B. C. B．小对话理解请听小对话及问题，从A、B、C中选择正确的答案。(听两遍) ()6.A.On Center Street. B．On River Street. C．On Main Street. ()7.A.Yes，he does. B．No，he doesn't. C．No，he does. ()8.A.About 10 minutes. B．About 15 minutes. C．About 20 minutes. ()9.A.At the mall on Golden Street. B．At the mall on Zhongshan Street. C．At the mall on Garden Street. ()10.A.The second floor. B．The third floor. C．The fourth floor. C．长对话理解请听长对话，根据其内容，从A、B、C中选择能回答所给问题的最佳答案。(听三遍) ()11.What are they going to do? A．Go swimming. B．Go on a trip. C．Climb mountains. ()12.Where are they going? A．The park of Beijing. B．Tianshan. C．The Palace Museum. ()13.What can they do there? A．They can take photos. B．They can see many works of art there. C．They can see some movies.
Book 3 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节,满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21. — Do you mind my asking you a rather personal question? —Not at all. _____. A. Go ahead B. Sounds a good idea C. That depends D. That’s fine 22. We were caught in _____ sudden rainstorm, which made our trip in the valley _____ unbelievable adventure. A. a; 不填 B. 不填; an C. a; an D. 不填; 不填 23. —I’m afraid tickets for the concert have been sold out. —Well, let’s take a chance. There _____ still be some left. A. must B. might C. should D. would 24. Many doctors were on the _____ soon after the traffic accident, saving the injured passengers. A. situation B. occasion C. position D. scene 25. As I was tidying my room, I found the letter by accident, _____ was addressed to my late grandfather. A. who B. which C. that D. what 26. I _____ along the pavement yesterday when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the police station. A. is wandering B. has wandered C. had wandered D. was wandering 27. My father read through my composition and _____ quite a few spelling mistakes
Unit1 单元同步测试卷 （满分：100分时间：60分钟） 听力部分（40分） 一、听录音，选择你所听到的单词。（8分） ( ) 1. A. dance B. face C. science ( ) 2. A. nice B. mice C. dice ( ) 3. A. P. E B. TV C. OK ( ) 4. A. and B. them C. to ( ) 5. A. are B. art C. part ( ) 6. A. math B. watch C. Sunday ( ) 7. A. subjects B. Sunday C. soda ( ) 8. A. Chinese B. science C. subjects 二、听句子，填上句子所缺的单词。（10分） 1. —Does your sister like __________?—No, she __________. 2. —What __________ do you like?—I like __________. 3. —Do you like __________?—Yes, I __________. 4. —Can I have a __________ book?—Sure. Here you __________. 5. —My favorite subject is __________.—Me, __________. 三、听录音，将下列图片与对应的人名连起来。（10分） A B C D E Lisa Ben Tom Jenny Gogo 四、听录音，给下列句子标上序号。（12分） ( ) I like math. ( ) What do you like? ( ) Do you like science, Jenny?
Unit 3 Computers 单元综合检测 第I卷 第一部分单词拼写。 结合语境，根据汉语或首字母提示用单词的适当形式填空。 1.She _______(简化) the instructions so that the children could understand them. 2.I haven’t _________(计算) the result of the maths problem. 3. Football is played all over the world, so it is considered a _______(普遍的) game. 4. The wide ________ (应用) of computers in life will free man from the heavy work. 5. With the help of the (信号) sent by the survivors, the rescue workers found the trapped explorers. 6. Since the problem has a______, we should take action at once. 7. The boy is very clever and he shows high i_________ in study. 8. Though it’s difficult, we should eall the possibilities. 9. Do not judge a person by his a which may lead to wrong conclusions. 10. High science and t leads to fast development of economy. 第二部分阅读理解 第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和 D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。 There are two interesting news items in the paper a few years ago. One was about a man who received a bill from the telephone company for $999,999—for three months！The other was about a man who received $2,000 for doing nothing. The connection between the two news items is simple：computers—the best invention of the twentieth century. The telephone bill came from a computer which made a big mistake：the man’s bill was only $23.36.The other item was not so interesting. A man walked into the unguarded computer room of a large packaged food company and expertly programmed the computer to pay him $2,000 a month for raw meat which he “supplied” to the company. Of course he never sent the meat，but he certainly received the money. The computer wrote out a bill，and even “signed (署
Unit11同步评估练习题（提高卷） I．英汉互译 1.打电话 2.打扮，化装 3. enjoy oneself 4. take a vacation 5.闲逛 6.在……之间 7. ask for information 8. be familiar to Ⅲ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. I decide (go) to college when I finish my high school. 2. Sue is a (jealousy) girl. She always wants what her sister has. 3. David gets (relax) from collecting stamps. 4. It is not easy for the disabled to become (hero). 5. (save) time is to lengthen life. 6. He is terribly ill. He needs a (power) medicine. 7. Maria is a (beautiful). All of us love her very much. 8. A person who hunts is a (hunt). 9. We love the imagination and (create) in the stories and the pictures. 10. Edison came across so many (difficult), but he never gave up. Ⅳ. 完成句子 根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。 1．She has to walk to school every day. (改为一般疑问句) she to walk to school every day? 2．I’ll be ready in a few days. (对划线部分提问) will you be ready? 3. Kate is so weak that he can’t walk any f arther..（改为同义句） Kate is weak walk any farther. 4. I really don’t know what I will do with the meat. (改为一个简单句) I really don’t know do with the meat. 5. 她从图书馆借这本书6天了。（完成译句） She the book from the library for 6 days.
部编精通版英语三上Unit1练习卷1（三年级）同步测试 姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________ 一、xx题 （每空xx 分，共xx分） 【题文】 ( )放学了，你和同学们说： A. Goodbye! B. Good morning! 【答案】A 【解析】略 【题文】( )下午见到张老师，你应说： A. Good evening, Mr Zhang! B. Good afternoon, Mr Zhang! 【答案】B 【解析】略 【题文】 ( )晚上睡觉时，你和爸爸妈妈说： A. Good evening! B. Good night! 【答案】B 【解析】略 【l— Hello! —1. ! —What’s your name? —2. —3. . —Bye. A.Good bye B.I’m Peter. C.Hi. 【答案】1-C 2-A 3-B 【解析】略 【题文】朗读下列句子，并重新排列。 1. Let’s act. 2. Hello, Miss Liu.
3. Hello，Lisa and Peter. 4. OK (好的）. 正确的顺序：^l【答案】2314 【解析】略 【题文】 name’s is am Goodbye Mouse are 1. Hello， 2. ,Miss Liu. 3.Who are you? 4.I a rabbit. 5.My Bear. 6.What your name? 【答案】1. Mouse 2.Goodbye 3.are 4.am 5. name’s 【解析】略
单元检测卷：Unit 3 阅读理解 A Before you make friends, you have to decide who you want to be your friends. Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kinds of things they do. The quickest way to make a friend is to smile. When you smile, people think you are friendly and easy to talk to. It may not be easy at first to smile, but remember most people will stay away from a scared or angry looking face. One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about him. Think about how g reat you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person? Ask your new friends questions about themselves. Who’s their favorite singer, where do they live, what do they do after school are all good questions to start a conversation. Make sure you have something to add to the conversation, too. When someone asks you a question, do have an answer for them. There is nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a shrug for an answer. Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends. Remember, everyone wants to be around people who like to do similar things and people who are nice to them. 1.This passage gives us some advice on . A．the importance of smile B．what kind of person you can make friends with C．how to start a conversation D．how to make friends 2.Most people like to make friends with those . A．who share the same interest B．who are sad every day C．who are fond of talking D．who say bad things to them 3.From the passage, if a kid wants to make good friends ,he should . A. smile to others B. show an interest in others C. be kind and friendly. D. All the above B I think people everywhere dream about having lots of money. I know I do. I would like to earn large amounts of money. You can win a large amount of money in the United States through lotteries（彩票）. People pay money for tickets with numbers. If your combination of numbers is chosen, you will win a huge amount of money—often in the millions. A few years ago, my friend Al won the lottery. It changed his life. He was not “born with a silver spoon in his mouth”. Instead, my friend was always short of money. And the money he did earn was chicken feed. Sometimes Al even had to accept handouts( 施舍物) from his friends. But do not get me wrong. My friend was always very careful with the money he spent. In fact, he was often a cheapskate. He did not like to spend money. The worst times were when he had no single penny left. One day, Al scraped together a few dollars for a lottery ticket. He thought he would never gain lots of money unexpectedly. But his combination of numbers was chosen and he won the lottery. Al was so excited. The first thing he did was buy a costly new car —one thing that he normally would not buy. Then he started spending money on unnecessary things. It was like he had ． “money to burn”
金融风险度量方法选择及适用性分析 在很长时期内风险价值模型（Value at Risk，以下简称VaR）都作为首选来度量风险，然而其理论和应用都存在缺陷。VaR并没有考虑潜在的尾部风险，而且不满足一致性风险度量的公理条件，即VaR不是一个理想的风险度量。本文从理论上分析了VaR模型存在的缺陷，并介绍其他风险度量模型，研究其特性，最后在此基础上提出金融风险度量选择的依据。 关键词：风险价值一致性风险度量期望短缺谱风险度量扭曲风险度量 回顾金融风险管理理论的发展史，20世纪70年代是现代金融风险管理发展的重要年代。布雷顿森林体系破产之后，利率、汇率等市场风险问题在金融机构的风险管理中日益凸显。而1973年4月，芝加哥期权交易所（CBOE）的正式运营以及著名的布莱克-舒尔茨期权定价模型的发表标志着现代金融风险管理时代的到来。20世纪90年代，以金融工程为代表的现代金融风险管理技术发展迅速，市场风险和信用风险的量化管理也得到了很大的发展。然而长期资本管理公司（LTCM）的破产为金融工程的应用提出了警示。金融工程的发展使得大量的数理统计模型在金融风险管理中获得应用，这其中包括著名的VaR模型。 我国金融市场是一个发展中的新兴市场，金融风险管理的手段还比较落后，主要以定性分析为主，重在事后分析和评估，缺少事前风险防范和控制。随着我国的金融改革的发展和金融市场的进一步开放，金融监管的原则与风险管理的技术必须符合国际惯例要求。 VaR模型的产生及其局限性 风险管理的基础和核心是对风险的定量分析和评估，即风险度量。传统的风险度量方法如Beta、Delta、久期和凸性等仅适用于特定的金融工具或领域，难以全面反映风险覆盖情况。在这一背景下，1993年G30小组首先提出风险价值（Value at Risk）的概念，VaR模型旨在估计给定投资工具或组合在未来资产价格波动下可能的潜在损失。这一指标最大的优点是能够测量由不同市场因子导致的风险，以及不同市场的总风险，能够较为准确地测量不同风险因子及其相互作用而产生的损失，能够适应金融市场发展的动态性、复杂性和全球化的趋势。 然而，VaR度量的是正常市场情况下的市场风险，在现实中，金融市场出现剧烈波动的极端市场情形大量存在，即VaR并没有考虑潜在的极端市场情形。对VaR实践的评估以及对风险度量的进一步研究指出VaR并非一个一致性风险度量，其不满足次可加性的公理条件，从而无法进行风险分散。 正是由于VaR还存在着理论与应用上的缺陷，推动了风险度量的进一步发展。在VaR的基础上许多研究者提出了风险度量的其他方法。Acerbi and Tasche （2002）提出期望尾部损失ES（Expected Shortfall，以下简称ES），Wang（1996）提出扭曲风险度量的概念，Acerbi（2002，2004）将经济学的风险偏好理论引入风险度量中，提出了谱风险度量，从而使风险管理的实践者有了更多的选择。 基于分位数回归的风险度量 （一）风险价值VaR VaR的含义是“风险中的价值”，JP Morgan将VaR看作既定头寸冲消或重估前可能发生的市场价值的最大损失的估计值。而VaR比较权威的定义由Jorion （1997）提出，将其定义为给定置信水平下，风险资产在持有期内可能遭受的最