1.动词时态和时间短语
2. 虚拟语气和情态动词
1) if 从句
2) but for, without, had it not been for
3) 动词/名词/形容词后面的从句: (should) do
用于动词后的宾语从句中：做demand, suggest, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire, advise, rule, urge, stipulate, intend, resolve等动词的宾语
I requested that he use his influence on my behalf.
用于主语从句中，常见于：it is/was important/necessary/desirable/imperative/advisable/
essential/obligatory/urgent/vital/natural/wrong, etc. that…或it is/was desired/ suggested/ settled/proposed/requested/decided, etc. that
It is important that we speak politely.
It is settled that she leave for New York very soon.
用于表语从句和同位语从句中，主句或解释说明的名词通常是: suggestion,
proposal, idea, insistence, etc.
My suggestion is that we should tell him the news immediately.
There was a proposal that college graduates be encouraged to start their own businesses.
4) wish, if only, it is time, would rather…
He wished he could have ten days off next month.
If only I were you.
It is time we went to school.
He would rather his wife worked in the same department as he does.
5) 连词lest, in case, for fear that-- (should) do
6) 情态动词表猜测
3. 语序: 倒装
1) no短语/not/only/neither/nor等位于句首
Under no circumstances will I approve of his plan。
No sooner had she finished her lecture than they started to ask her questions.
Not only did I read the book but wrote a report on it.
Not until he went back to his hometown did he realize that it was no longer the small village as he remembered it.
Only when my parents agree to my plan will I carry it out.
2)副词here, there, then, now, next位于句首
Here comes the bus.
Now comes your turn。
Then followed the discussion of the text。
Next came Miriam.
(主语如果是代词，不用倒装)
Here it is.
3)表地点的介词短语位于句首
Under the tree is lying a dog.
(主语如果是代词，不用倒装)
Behind the counter stood the salesman.
Behind the counter he stood.
4)表方位的副词位于句首
Up went the arrow into the air.
5) 比较状语从句中的倒装
He spoke Chinese as fluently as did a Chinese man。
I spend less than do nine out of ten people in my position.
6) 让步状语从句中的倒装
Hard as I tried to explain it, he didn’t understand me.
Small though it is，it is very heavy.
4. 比较级和倍数: as … as, not as (so) …as, more … than, less … than
As前面可以有half, a quarter, twice, three times等
You’re not half as clever as you think you are.
We got three times as many people as we expected.
倍数＋形容词比较级+ than
The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.
The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.
倍数+ the + 计量名词+ of
The newly broadened square is four times the size of the old one.
The + 计量名词+ of + A + be + 倍数+ that + of + B
The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.
I'm twice/ double his age.
I've paid five times the usual price for the stamp.
The average income of the staff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year.
The price of TVs are twofold down over these years.
The output of the factory doubled/trebled last year./The factory doubled/trebled its output last year.
5. 名词性从句
连接词：that, whether, if
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,
whose, which.
连接副词：when, where, how, why
whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：
1). whether引导主语从句并在句首
2). 引导表语从句
3). whether从句作介词宾语
4). 从句后有"or not"
6. 定语从句
1)prep．＋which ／whom ／whose 引导的定语从句
The goals for which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him．（
2)"n．／pron．＋prep．＋which／whom／whose"引导定语从句
some/any/few/many/most/all/half/none/neither/both/either/each/enough/one, etc. +of+whom/which
Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her every week.
He gave several opinions, only a few of which were valid.
the +n+ of which
We bought an antique table, the top of which has jade inlay.
The professor has assigned the students a research paper, the purpose of which is to acquaint them with methods of scholarly research.
Whose
The man whose opinions I respect most is my father.
I am from a country whose history goes back thousands of years.
7. See, hear, feel, watch, notice, perceive, behold, observe, look at, listen to等感知动词
Have you ever seen her dance?
I never heard him speak English.
He was never heard to speak English.
I never heard anyone speak Russian.
I never heard Russian spoken.
I watched him crossing the street and getting onto a bus.
8. 动词不定式/动名词
verbs + gerunds (acknowledge, admit, avoid, consider, contemplate, delay, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, mind, postpone, risk, suggest, etc.
verbs + infinitives (afford, agree, aim, ask, claim, choose, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, resolve, threaten, wish, etc.)
there is no need doing, there is no point doing, there is no purpose doing, it is no good doing
be committed to, be used to, be accustomed to
spe nd … doing, have difficulty doing,
9. 现在分词,过去分词
They joined forces together, and swept in Troy, killing and burning as they went. Born and brought up in the country, he was bewildered by the big city.
10. 独立主格
The dark clouds having dispersed, the sun shone on the earth again.
With the monitor taking the lead, we decided to do some field work this summer.
All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs.
He was brought by them, with his hands tied behind his back, in front of the chief men of Troy.
11. 强调句型
It is he who received the majority of the votes.
It is speed that causes accidents, not bad roads.
12．主句主语、从句主语省略
When rescued, he was almost dead.
He was attacked by two men in uniform while crossing the street.
13. than, as 做为（准）关系代词
Children should not have more money than is needed.
As many children as came here were my father’s pupils.
You shall have as much money as you need.
This book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.
But也可以做准关系代词，但是句中必须有否定的字，如no, not, scarcely等There is no one but has a few faults. (There is no one that has not a few faults.) There is nothing in the world but is not influenced by the sun.
There is scarcely a child but likes candy.
14. 数量
Tens of thousands of
Hundreds and hundreds of 成百倍
Hundreds of thousands of
Hundreds/thousands/millions of
By (the) hundreds/thousands, etc.
Several hundreds
Dozens of
Scores of
In one’s forties
In the 1990s/1999’s
Two thirds
One third
15．主语和谓语动词在数上的一致
1). and连接并列主语
She and her friends are at the fair.
2). or 或是nor连接
The book or the pen is in the drawer.
The boy or his friends run every day.
His friends or the boy runs every day.
3). each, each one, either, neither, everyone, everybody, anybody, anyone, nobody, somebody, someone, and no one
Each of these hot dogs is juicy.
Everybody knows Mr. Jones.
Either is correct.
4) all, some
Some of the beads are missing.
Some of the water is gone.
5) 以s结尾的名词，如civics, mathematics, dollars, measles, and news 动词单数The news is on at six.
Five dollars is a lot of money.
Dollars are often used instead of rubles in Russia.
复数：
My assets were wiped out in the depression.
The average worker's earnings have gone up dramatically.
Our thanks go to the workers who supported the union.
These scissors are dull.
Those trousers are made of wool.
My glasses were on the bed.
My pants were torn.
A pair of plaid trousers is in the closet.
6）集合名词，如: group, team, committee, class, and family.
The team runs during practice.
The committee decides how to proceed.
The family has a long history.
My family has never been able to agree.
7）with, together with, including, accompanied by, in addition to, or as well
The President, accompanied by his wife, is traveling to India.
All of the books, including yours, are in that box.
The mayor as well as his brothers is going to prison.
The mayor and his brothers are going to jail.
The book, including all the chapters in the first section, is boring.
The woman with all the dogs walks down my street.
8）half of, a part of, a percentage of, a majority of
Some of the voters are still angry.
A large percentage of the older population is voting against her.
Two-fifths of the troops were lost in the battle.
Two-fifths of the vineyard was destroyed by fire.
Forty percent of the students are in favor of changing the policy.
Forty percent of the student body is in favor of changing the policy.
Two and two is four.
Four times four divided by two is eight.
9）more than one
More than one student has tried this.
ｍａｎｙａ
16. 并列结构
Not only… but also,
And,
Or,
Nor
Neither … more
词的辨析
deprecate; implicate; depreciate; appreciate;
amiable，amicable，arable, charitable, effable，stable，viable，
contract，intact，enact, extract, subtract
fail，frail，hail，jail，assail，curtail，detail，retail，prevail
faint，saint，taint
bangle, strangle，wrangle，dangle，mangle，tangle，untangle，
decant，scant，dormant，mordant，giant，
benignant，indignant，pregnant，stagnant，
parable，parallel，paramount，parade，
disparage，discourage, rage, enrage
comparable，comparative，compatible, compunctious, competitive
separate，disparate, , desperate,
segregate, aggregate
paralysis，paraphrase, parallel, paramount, parameter
abate，abdicate，advocate，allocate，debate, dedicate，delicate，indicate，intricate，intoxicate，，vindicate
daunt，gaunt，haunt，flaunt，taunt，vaunt
accede，concede，recede，precede，
exceed，proceed，succeed
accent，innocent，scent，ascent，descent，decent，
accept，concept，except，incept，intercept，percept，precept，concern，discern，
circuitous，circular，circulate，circumscribe，circumspect ，circumvent concise，incise，incisor，precise，
acclaim，declaim，disclaim，exclaim，proclaim，reclaim，
counterfeit，counterpart，counteract，
cry，mimicry，outcry，decry，
incur，concur，curb，curd，curt，cursory，
meddle，middle，muddle，saddle，
accident，incident，ardent，evident，indent，Occident，pendent，prudent，rodent，
addict，contradict，indict，interdict，predict，verdict，
adduce，conduce，induce，reduce，seduce，traduce，
abduct，aqueduct，conduct，deduct，induct，
bear，forbear，overbear，shear，nuclear，smear，rear，swear
cease，decease，disease，lease，release，appease，crease，tease，grease，heave，upheaval，cleave，reave，bereave，weave，
career，queer，eery，jeer，fleer，sneer，peer，pioneer，sheer，steer，veer，volunteer，
deign，reign，feign，foreign，
congenial，genial，menial，
merge，emerge，immerge，submerge，verge，converge，diverge，access，excess，process，confess，profess，bless，mess，address，redress，aggress，congress，digress，regress，progress，compress，depress，empress，express，impress，oppress，repress，suppress，stress，assess，obsess，possess，affluence，confluence，influence，
affluent，confluent，influent，
haggle，smuggle，struggle，
aught, fraught，haughty，naught, naughty，slaughter，
field，shield，yield，wield，
abolish，admonish，anguish，blemish, banish, cherish，demolish，embellish，extinguish，flourish ，furbish，furnish，garnish，lavish，ravish，languish，nourish，relinquish，replenish，polish，punish，sluggish，tarnish ，vanish，varnish，vanquish，rubbish，snobbish，
altitude ，latitude ，longitude，aptitude，inaptitude，attitude，decrepitude，fortitude，gratitude，magnitude，multitude，plentitude，solicitude，solitude，abject，eject，deject，reject，project，
collapse，elapse, lapse, relapse，
elicit，implicit，explicit，solicit，illicit，
blight，delight，enlighten，highlight，plight，slight，flighty，
allow，fallow，follow，hallow，shallow，wallow，
allude，conclude，exclude，include，preclude，prelude，seclude，collude，elude，delude，interlude，postlude，
amber，chamber，cumber，cucumber，encumber，lumber，slumber，plumber，admit，permit，commit，emit，remit，hermit，limit，delimit，manumit，omit，submit，summit，transmit，
acrimony，ceremony，harmony，matrimony，parsimony，sanctimony，testimony，
hibernate，innate，ornate，terminate，
foil，coil，recoil，uncoil，moil，turmoil，riot，roil，broil，embroil，assoil，spoil，despoil，
impact，compact，
appeal，repeal，
compel，dispel，expel，impel，propel，repel，
expulse，impulse，repulse，
quite，equitable，antiquity，ubiquity，inequity，
average，beverage，disparage，forage，mirage，courage, discourage, errant，grant，immigrant，emigrant，tolerant，tyrant，
arrive，contrive，derive，drive，strive，thrive，arrow，brow，burrow，crow，sorrow，
北京大学考博英语模拟题14 Part ⅠVocabulary 1. The attack of the World Trade Center will leave a ______ impression on those who have witnessed the explosion. A.long B.forever https://www.doczj.com/doc/5113284963.html,sting D.lively 答案：C [解答] 本题空格处是说留下持久的印记。long的意思是“长期的”；forever的意思是“永远”；lasting的意思是“持久的”；lively的意思是“活泼的，逼真的”。四个选项中只有C项符合题意。 2. The magician picked out several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. A.by accident B.on average C.on occasion D.at random 答案：D by accident偶然的。on average平均的。on occasion有时。at random随意的。 3. British hopes of a gold medal in the Olympic Games suffered ______ yesterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during the preliminary heats. A.a sharp set-back B.severe set-back C.a severe blown-up D.sharp blown-up
西安交通大学考博英语试题及其解析 I.In each question,decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET,(15points) EXAMPLE: I was caught_the rain yesterday. A.in B.by C.with D.at ANSWER:(A) l.Those two families have been quarrelling__each other for many years. A.to B.between C.against D.with 2.There are many things whose misuse is dangerous,bur it is hard to think of anything that can be compared___ A.in B.with C.among D.by 3."How often have you seen cases like this?"one surgeon asked another."Oh,__times,I guess,"was the reply. A.hundred of B.hundreds C.hundreds of D.hundred 4.Give me your telephone number__I need your help. A.whether B.unless C.so that D.in case 5.You sang well last night.We hope you'll sing__. A.more better B.still better C.nicely D.best 6.Those people__a general understanding of the present situation. https://www.doczj.com/doc/5113284963.html,ck of B.are lacking of https://www.doczj.com/doc/5113284963.html,ck D.are in lack 7.Alone in a desert house,he was so busy with his research work
清华大学2002年博士研究生入学考试试题 Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (20%) Section A Directions: You will hear a news story about the explosion on the World Trade Center in New York City. Listen to it and fill out the table with the information you've heard for questions 1—5. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write no more than 3 words in each numbered box. Put your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. You will hear the recording only once. Section B Directions: You will hear a customer calling a car rental service to rent a car. For questions 6—10, complete the sentences and answer the questions while you are listening. Use no more than 3 words for each answer. Put your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. You will hear the recording Section C Directions:In this section you will hear a radio program. This program is about the production of postage stamps. Listen to the recording and either choose the correct answer for each statement or complete the notes as required. Circle the letter of your choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. You will hear the recording, twice. 11. The weekly radio program is on__________. A. topics suggested by listeners B. local news items C. listeners' hobbies 12. The process of stamp production is__________. A. difficult B. expensive
Part Two:Structure and Written Expression(20%) Directions:For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked、Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet、 11. Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question that a wide solution、 A.admits of B、requires of C、needs of D、seeks for 12.In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message、 A.accustomed to split and divided B.accustomed to splitting and dividing C.accustomed to split and dividing D.accustomed to splitting and divided 13.Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value、 A、at itself B、as itself C、on itself D、in itself 14. us earlier, your request to the full、 A、You have contacted…we could comply with B、Had you contacted…we could have complied with C、You had contacted…could we have complied with D、Have you contacted…we could comply with 15.The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy、 A、discard B、discreet C、discord D、disgorge 16、Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology、No one can shield himself such an influence、 A、on…by…at B、by…for…in C、from…in…on D、through…with…from 17、The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety、Now it appears to create 、 A、bore B、bored C、boredom D、bordom 18、Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz、 A、lacked B、lacking C、for lack of D、lack of 19、There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine、 A、that have to B、have to C、having to D、has to 20、The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it、 A、none the worse B、none the better C、never worse D、never better 21、As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color、 A、cried out for…cried out for B、cry out for…cry out for C、had cried out for…cried out for D、had cried out for…cry out for 22、While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very 、 A、trigger B、meager C、vigor D、linger 23、Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology、 A、as much the Africans are detribalized B、the Africans are much being detribalized C、as much as the Africans are being detribalized D、as much as the Africans are detribalized 24、We admire his courage and self-confidence、 A、can but B、cannot only C、cannot but D、can only but 25、In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to notice that the violence of cars in the streets was more hysterical、
2017年北京清华大学考博英语真题 1. The leaders of the two countries feel it desirable to funds from armaments to health and education. A. derive B. deprive C. dispatch D. divert 2. To fund the event and also promote the marketing value of the National Games, the organizing committee set up the Marketing Development Department (MDD). A. beneficent B. expensive C. costly D. luxurious 3. Japanese workers still put in an impressive 42 hours each week, but they are by the South Koreans and Singaporeans who spend an average 46 hours at the grindstone. A. outdone B. outweighed C. outrun D. outrivaled 4. With the economy of the country going strong, the mood is optimism. A. presiding B. circulating C. floating D. prevailing 5. The hunter knows quite well that wild animals go seeking their in the jungle after dark. A. victim B. favorite C. prey D. sacrifice 6. The company, EDS, is smart enough to its 90,000-person workforce into independent micro teams that work directly with individual clients on creative business solutions. A. break out 、 B. break off C. break from D. break down 7. They agreed to take their disputes before the committee and by its decisions. A. stand B. observe C. abide D. precede 8. Very few people could understand the lecture the professor delivered because its subject was very . A. obscure B. indefinite C. dubious D. intriguing 9. Please don’t too much on the painful memories. Everything will be all right.
北京大学考博英语真题常见句子翻译方法近期很多考生问关于条件状语从句的分析和翻译问题，在此，育明考博老师结合同学提出的两个典型问题为大家分析条件状语从句，并给出相应的参考译文。 一、问题：请分析并翻译：If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. 解析：很多考生看到这样一句从横三、四行的长句会心生畏惧，对自己没有信心，自然也就无法理清这句中的各种枝节。拿到这样的一个句子，最主要的仍然是先把主干找到，然后再看其他部分和主干的关系。需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。 句子主干：you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties 主干是由两个并列的分句组成的，第一个分句是you will be in a position to know the experiences主系表结构，第二个分句是it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties形式主语+系表结构+不定式作真正的主语。
General English Admission Test For Non-English Major Ph.D. program (Harbin Institute of Technology) Passage One Questions 1-7 are based on the following passage: According to a recent theory, Archean-age gold-quartz vein systems were formed over two billion years ago from magmatic fluids that originated from molten granitelike bodies deep beneath the surface of the Earth. This theory is contrary to the widely held view that the systems were deposited from metamorphic fluids, that is, from fluids that formed during the dehydration of wet sedimentary rocks. The recently developed theory has considerable practical importance. Most of the gold deposits discovered during the original gold rushes were exposed at the Earth’s surface and were found because the y had shed trails of alluvial gold that were easily traced by simple prospecting methods. Although these same methods still leas to an occasional discovery, most deposits not yet discovered have gone undetected because they are buried and have no surface expression. The challenge in exploration is therefore to unravel the subsurface geology of an area and pinpoint the position of buried minerals. Methods widely used today include analysis of aerial images that yield a broad geological overview, geophysical techniques that provide data on the magnetic, electrical, and mineralogical properties of the rocks being investigated, and sensitive chemical tests that are able to detect : the subtle chemical halos that often envelop mineralization. However, none of these high-technology methods are of any value if the sites to which they are applied have never mineralized, and to maximize the chances of discovery the explorer must therefore pay particular attention to selecting the ground formations most likely to be mineralized. Such ground selection relies to varying degrees on conceptual models, which take into account theoretical studies of relevant factors. These models are constructed primarily from empirical observations of known mineral deposits and from theories of ore-forming processes. The explorer uses the models to identify those geological features that are critical to the formation of the mineralization being modeled, and then tries to select areas for exploration that exhibit as many of the critical features as possible. 1. The author is primarily concerned with . A. advocating a return to an older methodology. B. explaining the importance of a recent theory. C. enumerating differences between two widely used methods D. describing events leading to a discovery 2. According to passage, the widely held view of Archean-age gold-quartz vein
北京大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题 Part One: Listening Comprehension略 Part Two: Structure and Written Expression (20%) Directions: For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the ANSWER SHEET. 21._________ before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together. [A] Had they arrived [B] Would they arrive [C] Were they arriving [D] Were they to arrive 22._________ last year and is now earning his living as an advertising agent. [A] He would leave school [B] He left school [C] He had left school [D] He has left school 23.Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remained _________. [A] to be shown [B] to have been shown [C] to have shown [D] being shown 24.__________ that should be given priority to. [A] It is the committee has decided [B] It is only the committee has decided [C] It is what the committee has decided [D] It is what has the committee decided 25. The most interesting new cars may owe __________ the simple wisdom of hiring a few talented people and allowing them to work. [A] less local free-spiritedness than [B] less local free-spiritedness than to [C] to less local free-spiritedness than to [D] less to local free-spiritedness than to 26. Over the years, Jimmy Connors __________ phenomenal displays of tennis and temper—and at the U.S. Open last week, he exhibited both again. [A] has treated spectators with [B] has treated spectator for [C] has treated spectators [D] has treated spectators to 27. Summer holidays spent on the hot ghetto streets are __________ the time middle-class students devote to camps, exotic vacations and highly organized sports. [A] as hardly culturally enriching as [B] as hardly enriching culture as
北京大学考博英语历年试题综合分析 导言：考博英语真题的重要性 全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考试大纲时，对英语的考核基本上不指定参考书，考生在备考时往往感到漫无目的，无所适从，所以对各大院校的考博英语历年真 题分析则显得尤为重要。华慧考博英语教研中心在历时8年的教学研究的过程中，总 结国内50多所重点院校的考博英语试题的出题特点与规律，认为考生精研各院校的历年试题对考出良好的成绩有非常大的帮助。 考博英语试题的独特性 众所周知，英语类的考试，如高考、大学英语四六级、专业四八级考试、研究生 入学考试等均由统一的命题组人员统一命制试题，命题组阵容强大，且耗费的人力、物力也不在少数，其题目基本是原创题目。而考博英语却并非这样，因此，考博英 语有其自身的独特性，考博英语的独特性主要表现在其命题方式与题目来源两方面。 首先，从命题方式来看，博士考试中，要求考生达到英语的最低分数线，这一要 求就注定了各大考博院校的英语试题的命题方式，各大考博院校不会花费大量的人力、物力及时间原创一套考博英语试题。并且各大院校为了保证其试题的准确性，一般会 选择已经考过的各类相关难度的试题，这样就可以避免出现大量的因个人学术水平方 面而引起的错误和争议。 其次，从题目来源看，各大院校的考博英语试题基本来自专四、专八、六级、杂 志文章或其它考博院校的原题，极少出现原创题目。因其题目来源的独特性，我们研 究各大院校的考博英语试题就显得非常有必要且益处极大。如果考生在考前了解了这 一情况，且充分重视这个规律，那么获得考博英语高分不是什么难事。所以考生考前 精研考博英语真题是非常有必要的。
考博英语试题的作用 考博英语试题的作用主要有三个，即指导、规划与调控作用。 指导作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题，考生可以了解该院校的题目类型、题目来源、 题目难度等，指导考生在较短的时间内找到正确的复习方法，获得自己满意的成绩。 规划作用。考生在宏观把握所报考院校的英语试题的出题规律后，结合自身的英语情况，对自己的英语备考做出一个正确且切合实际的复习规划。 调控作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题，以所报考院校的英语真题为标杆，随时监控与调节自己的复习计划，使自己的复习计划在最短的时间内获得满意的成绩。 由此可知，研究真题对于考生在较短时间内提升成绩是有很大帮助的。因此，华慧考博英语研究中心对北京大学历年的考博真题进行了细致且深入的研究，将北京大学考博英语的出题特点、题目类型等进行了详细论述，对下一年度的考博英语命题趋势进行了预测，并提出了针对北京大学考博英语的备考方法，让考生的复习备考更加具有针对性，让考生少走弯路，快速提高考试成绩。 以下是华慧考博英语研究中心对北京大学考博英语历年试题详细分析。 一、北京大学考博英语试题的考核要求 北京大学博士研究生非英语专业入学考试是学校为招收博士研究生而设置的选拔性考试。教育部颁布的《硕士、博士研究生英语教学大纲》规定：“博士生入学其英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生的水平”。根据这一规定，并结合历年招收博士研究生的具体情况，我校博士生入学英语考试既考查考生的语言知识，又注重测试考生的语言应用能力。
清华大学2007年博士研究生人学考试 英语试题 Part I Listening Comprehension(15 points)(略） Part II Reading Comprehendon (40%) Directions ：There are 4 reading passages in this part Each passage is followed by some questions or unfin?ished statements. For each or them there are four choices marked A，B, C and D* You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet Questions 16 to 20 are based on the foUowing passage： Sometimes，over a span of many years，a business will continue to grow，generating ever-increasing a- mounts of cash，repurchasing stock，paying increased dividends，reducing debt，opening new stores，expan?ding production facilities，moving into new markets，etc.，while at the same tune its stock price remains stagnant (or even falls)* When this happens，the average and professional investors alike tend to overlook the company because they become familiar with the trading range. Take，for example，Wal-Mart Over the past five years，the retailing behemoth has grown sales by over 80% , profits by over 100%，and yet the stock price has fallen as much as 30% during that timeframe. Clearly, the valuation picture has changed An investor that read the annual report back in 2000 or 2001 might have passed on the security，deeming it too expensive based on a metric such as the price to earnings ratio. Today，however, the equation is completely different~despite the stock price,Wal-Mart is, in essence, trading at half its former price because each share is backed by a larger dividend, twice the earnings power, more stores，and a bigger infrastructure. Home Depot is in much the same boat，largely because some Wall Street analysts question how fast two of the world?s largest companies can continue to grow before their sheer size slows them down to the rate of the general economy. Coca-Cola is another excellent example of this phenomenon. Ten years ago，in 1996, the stock traded between a range of $36. 10 and $54. 30 per share. At the time, it had reported earnings per share of $ 1. 40 and paid a cash dividend of $ 0. 50 per share. Corporate per share book value was $ 2. 48. Last year, the stock traded within a range of $ 40. 30 and $ 45. 30 per share；squarely in the middle of the same area it had been nearly a decade prior! Yet，despite the stagnant stock price，the 2006 estimates Value Line In?vestment Survey estimates for earnings per share stand around $2. 16 (a rise of 54% )，the cash dividend has more than doubled to $ 1. 20, book value is expected to have grown to $ 7. 40 per share (a gain of nearly 300% )，and the total number of shares outstanding (未偿付的，未完成的）has actually decreased,from 2. 481 billion to an estimated 2, 355 billion due to the company's share repurchase program. 16. This passage is probably a part of ? A. Find Hidden Value in the Market B. Become Richer C. Get Good Bargains D. Identify Good Companies 17. The italicized word“ stagnant?，(line 3，Para. 1) can be best paraphrased as ? A. prominent B. terrible C. unchanged D. progressing Wal-Mart is now trading at a much lower price because . A. it has stored a large quantity of goods B. it has become financially more powerful C. it has been eager to collect money to prevent bankruptcy
Part Two：Structure and Written Expression（20%） Directions：For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet. 11．Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question that a wide solution. A．admits of B. requires of C. needs of D.seeks for 12．In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message. A．accustomed to split and divided B．accustomed to splitting and dividing C．accustomed to split and dividing D．accustomed to splitting and divided 13．Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value. A. at itself B. as itself C. on itself D. in itself 14．us earlier, your request to the full. A.You have contacted…we could comply with B.Had you contacted…we could have complied with C.You had contacted…could we have complied with D.Have you contacted…we could comply with 15．The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy. A. discard B. discreet C. discord D. disgorge 16. Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology. No one can shield himself such an influence. A. on…by…at B. by…for…in C. from…in…on D. through…with…from 17. The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety. Now it appears to create . A. bore B. bored C. boredom D. bordom 18. Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz. A. lacked B. lacking C. for lack of D. lack of 19. There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine. A. that have to B. have to C. having to D. has to 20. The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it. A. none the worse B. none the better C. never worse D. never better 21. As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color. A. cried out for…cried out for B. cry out for…cry out for C. had cried out for…cried out for D. had cried out for…cry out for 22. While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very . A. trigger B. meager C. vigor D. linger 23. Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology. A. as much the Africans are detribalized B. the Africans are much being detribalized C. as much as the Africans are being detribalized D. as much as the Africans are detribalized 24. We admire his courage and self-confidence. A. can but B. cannot only C. cannot but D. can only but 25. In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to