【英语】河北省衡水中学2016届高考模拟押题卷 (1)

2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题语文(一)注意事项：1．本试卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第Ⅱ卷(表达题)两部分，答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上2．作答时，请认真阅读答题卡上的注意事项，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回第I卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读(9分，每小题3分)阅读下面的文字，完成l～3题。

百年中国，再没有其他学说像儒家思想这样，经历了如此长时间的反复跌宕和严峻拷问。

读经和反对读经，曾成为学界和舆论界争吵不休的一桩公案。

反对者显然占上风，连鲁迅也站出来发声，批评提倡读经者即使是真正的老实人也不过是“笨牛”而已。

文革十年，儒家思想成为众矢之的，必欲清除扫尽而快之。

改革开放后，把历史还给历史成为思想学术界共同呼声，孔子由被幼童也参与唾骂的斯文扫地变而为正常的文化古人。

由于所经历的“毁圣弃知”的时间实在太长，难免积非成是，改变世人乃至学界部分人士的成见尚需时日。

儒学产生之初，即春秋战国时期，儒家只是诸子百家中的一家，其影响比之墨家或犹有未及。

所以孟子颇为焦虑地说：“圣王不作，诸侯放恣，处士横议，杨朱、墨翟之言盈天下。

天下之言不归杨，则归墨。

”他因此想起而矫正此种“仁义充塞”的时代风气，欲以承继虞舜、周公、孔子的圣道为己任。

汉代中期汉武帝实施“独尊儒术，罢黜百家”的政策，使儒学地位骤然提升，成为社会主流意识形态。

但儒学以外的学说仍有存在空间。

东汉佛教的传入和道教的兴起，即为明证。

而到魏晋南北朝时期，释、道、玄之风大炽，其思想所宗更非只有儒学一家。

隋唐佛教发展的势头，亦不在儒学之下。

但如果认为隋唐时期的思想主潮是佛而非儒，轻忽儒家地位，又有误读古人之嫌。

直承郑康成而撰《五经正义》的孔颖达，即是当时继往开来的儒学健将。

明清以还，儒学的地位日趋稳固，但佛、道两家在民间社会的影响也开始定式成型儒家思想在宋代呈现变易之势。

二程和朱子等宋代大儒，诚然是承继了先秦以孔子、孟子为代表的儒家思想，但朱子的理学实为思想大汇流的产物，道家和道教的思想，佛教特别是禅宗的思想，一起参与进来成为理学的助发资源。

河北衡水中学2018年高考押题试卷英语试卷（一）第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What is the weather like now?A.Cold.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.2.How long does the park open on Saturdays?A.13 hours.B.10 hours.C.9 hours.3.When will the man go to the cinema on Sunday?A.In the morning.B.In the afternoon.C.In the evening.4.How do the speakers feel about the old man?A.Proud.B.Pitiful.C.Curious.5.What is the woman doing?A.Giving advice.B.Making an invitation.C.Asking for help.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。

每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.What has Mr. Smith come to China for?A.To know more about China.B.To attend an important lecture.C.To import some of the latest clothes.7.What will the woman do to confirm the timely delivery?A.Sign the contracts with the man.B.Improve the quality of the products.C.Order the workers to work around o'clock.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

衡水金卷2016答案英语【篇一：河北省衡水中学2016届高考模拟押题卷(金卷二)英语】英语试题本试卷分第i卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第i卷注意事项：1．答第i卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．what will the man do for the woman?a．print papers．b．develop film． c．take photos．2．how does the man feel about his university life?a．tiring． b．exciting． c．surprising．3．what does the man want to do?a．borrow a book． b．buy a book． c．exchange a book．4．what’s the matter with the woman?a．she has a cold．b．she has a headache．c．she has a toothache．5．what does the woman decide to do tomorrow morning?a．leave early for the airport．b．check the flight schedule．c．listen to the weather forecast．第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

2016好题精选模拟卷三第I卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15题；每题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AAs a young woman who was always interested in style, I got lucky in interning(实习) with a fashion company in Tokyo, last summer.I worked as an assistant in the Business Planning Department, helping with marketing for the 2007 Spring/Summer collections. Fashion is a beautiful industry. But against my expectation, it also has lots of ordinary work. Every day, I would do sample testing, prepare the brochure for future launches, and meet with customers and visitors.Japanese companies had a traditional work style. We had a meeting every morning at 9 o'clock. Every Monday, all employees, including those in other parts of Japan, would take part in a conference call. Every afternoon, after finishing work, each ofus would say goodbye to every manager in the company, which took more than five minutes.All of this kept me fresh. And the strict work atmosphere caused me to work harder. At the end of last August, the company's 2007 Spring/Summer collection started with a big show and was very successful. Lots of customers showed an interest in our products, including a businessman from Hong Kong.He went to our company for more details on the products, but he couldn't speak Japanese and none of the staff spoke good English.Just when the situation seemed helpless, I offered to give it a try. I was a Japanese major, but I had also practiced my English often. My translation job was praised by both the customer and my boss. And the guest made a big purchase.The two-month internship taught me a lot about business. And the pay - 150,000 yen, or over 10,000 yuan a month- was enough to cover my daily living costs in Tokyo.Moreover, the experience made me stand out. Every interviewer I've spoken with showed an interest and discussed my internship with me.And thanks to this experience, I've found a good job in one of the Big Four accounting firms and will start working this summer.21. Before she interned(实习) in the fashion company in Tokyo, the writer ______A. did not like the fashion.B. imagined it being beautiful and simply.C. didn’t expect a fashion industry had lots of work as ordinary as normal.D. was nervous about it.22. What would each of the employees in Japanese Companies do every afternoon?A. They do sample testing.B. They meet with customers and visitors.C. They prepare the brochure for future launches.D. They say good bye to every manager.23. Why does the writer work harder?A. Because she is often kept freshB. Because Japanese traditional strict work style causes her to.C. Because a meeting every morning is held.D. Because they hold a conference call every Monday.24. What can you learn from the passage?A. Internship usually plays an important role in finding a good job.B. Chinese are good at English.C. Japanese are good at spoken English.D. And the pay the writer got was enough for her future life.BA Grassroots RemedyMost of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don’t run the streets. Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground.A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.Another study found that children play differently in anatural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife.But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugsrather than on green places.The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsi ve behaviour.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural worldare separable things is profoundly damaging.Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物). For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised. Without other living things around us we are less than human.Five ways to find harmony with the natural worldWalk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere that’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under atree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with birdsong for background.Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all.25. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?A. Personal freedom.B. Things that are natural.C. Urban surroundings.D. Things that are purchased.26. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.A. tend to develop a strong love for scienceB. are more likely to fantasise about wildlifeC. tend to be physically tougher in adulthoodD. are less likely to be involved in bullying27. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?A. Find more effective drugs for them.B. Provide more green spaces for them.C. Place them under more personal care.D. Engage them in more meaningful activities.28. Dr William Bird suggests in his study that ________.A. humanity and nature are complementary to each otherB. wild places may induce impulsive behaviour in peopleC. access to nature contributes to the reduction of violenceD. it takes a long time to restore nature once damagedCCaught in the WebA few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old CarlaToebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs – leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem."I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart –kind of slipping into a depression," said Carla. "I knew that if I didn't get off the dating sites, I'd just keep going," detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world.Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. She's not alone.Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scalelook at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web."There's no question that there're people who're seriously in trouble because they're overdoing their Internet involvement," said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an environment," he said. "You can't be addicted to the environment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford Universityresearchers.About 6% of respondents reported that "their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and nearly 4% reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline."About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time.""The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. "They're online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色情) or gambling" websites.Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much."Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center forInternet Behavior.The website for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction:● Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.● Longing for more and more time at the computer.● Neglect of family and friends.● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.● Lying to employers and family about activities.● Inability to stop t he activity.● Problems with school or job.Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, and escape, excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people sayrelief…because they find themselves so relaxed."Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a "gaming addiction."Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him he'd gained weight."There's this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had aproblem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction.""I'm self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I'm failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group."I have no money or insurance to get professional help;I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything."Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and I'm not interested in online dating," she said by phone last week. "It's a lot better now."29. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?A. Her daughter's repeated complaints.B. Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.C. The poorly managed state of her house.D. The high financial costs adding up.30. What does the author say about excessive Internet use?A. People should be warned of its harmful consequences.B. It has become virtually inevitable.C. It has been somewhat exaggerated.D. People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition.31. Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if people ______.A. try to improve the Internet environmentB. become aware of its serious consequencesC. can realize what is important in lifeD. can reach a consensus on its definitionDColleges taking another look at value of merit-based aidGood grades and high tests scores still matter—a lot—to many colleges as they award financial aid.But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as “merit aid”, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars.George Washington University in Washington, D.C., forexample, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients(接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago.Now, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y., says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aid recipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aid alone will be awarded beginning with students entering in fall 2008.Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offer generous need-based packages, but many families who don’t meet need eligibility(资格)have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school.For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above the scholarship amount to keep the institution running.But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid hasserved primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profits. “They’re trying to buy students,” says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum.Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately students who could afford to enroll without it.“As we look to the future, we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid,” says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in US News & World Report’s ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17.Merit aid, which benefited about 75 students a year, or about 4% of its student body, at a cost of about $ 1 million a year, “served us well,” Inzer says, but “to be discounting the price for families that don’t need financial aid doesn’t feel right any more.”Need-based aid remains by far the largest share of all student aid, which includes state, federal and institutional grants. But merit aid, offered primarily by schools and states,is growing faster, both overall and at the institutional level.Between 1995-96 and 2003-04, institutional merit aid alone increased 212%, compared with 47% for need-based grants. At least 15 states also offer merit aid, typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state’s public institutions.But in recent years, a growing chorus(异口同声)of critics has begun pressuring schools to drop the practice. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on,” says Baum, co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need.David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so, they would lose top students to their competitors.“No one can take one-sided action,” says Laird, who is exploring whether to seek an exemption(豁免)from federal anti-trust laws so member colleges can discuss how they could jointly reduce merit aid, “This is a merry-go-round that’sgoing very fast, and none of the institutions believe they can sustain the risks of trying to break away by themselves.”A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don’t qualify for need-based aid, that many have come to depend on it. And, as tuitions continue to increase, the line between merit and need blurs.That’s one reason Allegheny College doesn’t plan to drop merit aid entirely.“We still believe in rewarding superior achievements and know that these top students truly value the scholars hip,” says Scott Friedhoff, Allegheny’s vice president for enrollment.Emory University in Atlanta, which boasts a $4.7 billion endowment(捐赠), meanwhile, is taking another approach. This year, it announced it would eliminate loans for needy students and cap them for middle-income families. At the same time, it would expand its 28-year-old merit program.“Yeah, we’re playing the merit game,” acknowledges Tom Lancaster, associate dean for undergraduate education. But it has its strong point, too, he says. “The fact of the matter is, it’s not just about the lowest-income people. It’s the averageAmerican middle-class family who’s being priced out of the market.”*A few words about merit-based aid:Merit-based aid is aid offered to students who achieve excellence in a given area, and is generally known as academic, athletic and artistic merit scholarships.Academic merit scholarships are based on students’ grades, GPA and overall academic performance during high school. They are typically meant for students going straight to college right after high school. However, there are scholarships for current college students with exceptional grades as well. These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify. In some cases, students may need to be recommended by their school or a teacher as part of the qualification process.Athletic merit scholarships are meant for students that excel(突出)in sports of any kind, from football to track and field events. Recommendation for these scholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee(裁判). Applicants need to send in a tapecontaining their best performance.Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area. This generally includes any creative field such as art, design, fashion, music, dance or writing. Applying for artistic merit scholarships usually requires that students submit a portfolio(选辑)of some sort, whether that includes a collection of artwork, a recording of a musical performance or a video of them dancing.32. With more and more low-income students pursuing higher education, a number of colleges are ________.A. offering students more merit-based aidB. revising their financial aid policiesC. increasing the amount of financial aidD. changing their admission processes33. The chief purpose of rankings-conscious colleges in offering merit aid is to ______.A. improve teaching qualityB. boost their enrollmentsC. attract good studentsD. increase their revenues34. In recent years, merit-based aid has increased much faster than need-based aid due to ______.A. more government funding to collegesB. fierce competition among institutionsC. the increasing number of top studentsD. schools’ improved financial situations35. What is the attitude of many private colleges toward merit aid, according to David Laird?A. They would like to see it reduced.B. They regard it as a necessary evil.C. They think it does more harm than good.D. They consider it unfair to middle-class families.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题理科数学(一)注意事项：1．本试卷分第I 卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答第I 卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I 卷一．选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

(1)已知i 是虚数单位，复数11z i i=+-，则复数z 的虚部是 (A) 12-(B) 32 (C) 32- (D)2(2)若集合{}{}222,20x A y y B x x x ==+=-++≥，则 (A) A B ⊆(B) A B R ⋃= (C) {}2A B ⋂= (D A B ⋂=∅(3)已知定义域为[]2,21a a --的奇函数()3sin 1f x x x b =-++，则()()f a f b +的值为 (A)0(B)1(C)2 (D)不能确定(4)已知函数()()1201x f x a a a +=->≠且的图象恒过定点A ，设抛物线24E y x =：上任意一点M 到准线l 的距离为d ，则d MA +的最小值为 (A)5(B)10 (C) 5 (D) 2(5)执行如图所示的程序框图，其中输入的x i 值依次为14，8，42，78，96，74，49，35，39，50，则输出的i x 值依次为 (A)78，96，74，49，50(B)78，96，74，39，50 (C)78，96，74，50 (D)78，96，74(6)下列说法正确的是(A)“a R ∃∈，方程220ax x a -+=有正实根”的否定为“a R ∀∈，方程220ax x a -+=有负实根”(B)命题“a b R ∈、，若220a b +=，则0a b ==”的逆否命题是“a b R ∈、，若0a ≠，且b ≠0，则220a b +≠”(C)命题p ：若回归方程为1y x -=，则y 与x 负相关；命题q ：数据1，2，3，4的中位数是2或3．则命题p ∨q 为真命题(D)若X ～N(1，4)，则()()212P X t P X t <-=>成立的一个充分不必要条件是t =1 (7)等差数列{}n a 中的两项22016a a 、恰好是关于x 的函数()()228f x x x a a R =++∈的两个零点，且100910100a a +>，则使{}n a 的前n 项和n S 取得最小值的行为 (A)1009(B)1010(C)1009，1010D.2016(8)某省巡视组将4名男干部和2名女干部分成两小组，深入到A 、B 两城市进行巡视工作，若要求每组最多4人，且女干部不能单独成组，则不同的选派方案共有 (A)40种(B)48种 (C)60种(D)72种(9)某几何体的三视图如图所示，其中正视图和侧视图是全等的等腰三角形，现从该几何体的实心外接球中挖去该几何体，则剩余几何体的体积是(A)9146π- (B)91162π- (C) 91166π- (D)9186π-(10)已知函数()()2sin 0y x ωϕω=+>的部分图象如图所示，点,06A B C π⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭、、是该图象与x 轴的交点，过点B 作直线交该图象于D 、E 两点，点7012F π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，是()f x 的图象的最高点在x 轴上的射影，则()()AD EA AC ω-的值是(A) 22π (B) 2π(C)2(D)以上答案均不正确(11)已知点12F F 、是双曲线()222210,0x y C a b a b-=>>：的左、右焦点，O 为坐标原点，点P 在双曲线C 的右支上，且满足12122,3F F OP PF PF =≥，则双曲线C 的离心率的取值范围为 （A ）()1,+∞（B ）102⎫+∞⎪⎢⎪⎣⎭（C ）101,2⎛ ⎝⎦（D ）51,2⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦(12)已知定义在R 内的函数()f x 满足()()4f x f x +=，当[]1,3x ∈-时，()f x =()[]()(]21,1,1,12,1,3,t x x x x ⎧-∈-⎪⎨--∈⎪⎩则当8,27t ⎛⎤∈ ⎥⎝⎦时，方程()720f x x -=的不等实数根的个数是(A)3(B)4(C)5(D)6第Ⅱ卷本卷包括必考题和选考题两部分。

2016年一般高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语(一)本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部份。

考试终止后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷注意事项：1．答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在本试卷上，不然无效。

第一部份听力(共两节，总分值30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容终止后，你将有两分钟的时刻将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共5小题；每题分，总分值分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项当选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时刻来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What’s the man doing?A．Booking a room． B．Having a check in．C．Buying a house.2．Where does the man want to spend the holiday?A．At the sea．B．By the lake．C．In the mountains．3．At what time will the woman leave her office?A．8：15．B．8：00．C．7：30．4．What did the man receive?A．An acceptance letter．B．A congratulation letter.C．An invitation letter．5．How could the woman finish the work on time?A．By working hard．B．By turning to the manager.C．With Joan’s help．第二节(共15小题；每题分，总分值分)听下面5段对话或独白。

衡水万卷 2016好题精选模拟卷一第I卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15题；每题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AThis story took place a long time ago. But it has been repeated time and time again. Everyone is moved by the true story.An old man was knocked down by a car and was taken to hospital. He was badly hurt, and during his few returns to consciousness, he repeatedly called for his son.None knew where his son was. A dirty letter was found in his pockets. The nurse learned that his son was a solider in North Carolina.The hospital called the Red Cross offices to find the young man. The young solider was rushed to the airport in time to catch the plane.It was evening when the young solider walked into the hospital. A nurse took him into the bedsides of the old man.“Your son is here,” she said to the man. She had to repeat the words several times before the old man’s eyes opened. He dimly saw the young man and got great comfort. He reached out his hand. The young solider held the old man’s hand and offered words of hope.All through the night the young solider sat besides the bed. The nurse offered to watch instead of him for a while. He refused.At dawn the old man died. The nurse started to comfort him but the solider asked her, “Who was that old man?”“He was your father,” she answered.“No, he wasn’t. I never saw him before.”“I knew right away there was a mistake, but I also knew he needed his son, and his son just wasn’t here. I realized I was needed. So I stayed.”21. What is true about the old man?A. He was seriously injured and would die soon.B. He knew quite well what had happened to him.C. He once and again wanted to call his son.D. He was knocked dead near a hospital.22. How did people get to know something about his son?A. They guessed from the old man’s anxious expression on the face.B. They found him from the address on the letter.C. They found someone who knew the father and son.D. They asked for the help from the Red Cross.23. When the old man and the young man met, ________.A. the old man wished the young man good luck in the futureB. the young man said something to comfort the old manC. the doctors and nurses felt it hopeful to save the old manD. they both recognized each other at once24. We know from this passage________.A. the Red Cross is something for people to find personsB. the young man knew he was wrongly called when he got on the planeC. the hospital had meant to save the old man with the young man’s coming but failedD. the young man might have the same name as the old man’s sonBChief Executive Office Lahore Stock ExchangeLahore Stock Exchange(LSE) is the 2nd largest exchange of the country with a workforce of almost 150 employees. The Exchanges of Pakistan are currently understanding a major reform program involving demutualization(使成为股东制) in order to develop the capital markets further.We seek a dynamic, forward-thinking Chief Executive with ability to provide strong leadership and effective management to deliver its organizational goals and strategic plan. The successful candidate should have the business both pre and post demutualization with a proven record.The candidate should have minimum of 7 years of experience along with a business related degree or other professional qualifications. However, a strong record of achievement, excellent communication and team beam building skill are equally important. International qualifications/experience will be an added advantage together with the knowledge of the local corporate environment.Compensation package will be highly attractive and match the position. If you are interested in a strategic leadership role and be part of an organization to make a difference, please write to:Head of Human Resources, Lahore Stock Exchange(Guarantee) Ltd. 19 Knayaban-e-Aiwan-Iqbal, Lahore, Pakistan, together with your Curriculum Vitae and latest passport sized photograph.25. What is not true about LSE?A. It’s Lahore Stock Exchange.B. It’s one of the largest exchanges in Pakistan.C. It’s developing Pakistan’s capital city.D. It’s located in Knayban-e-Aiwan–Iqbal, Lahore, Pakistan.26. What is wanted according to this advertisement?A. Lahore Stock ExchangeB. A Chief ExecutiveC. Head of Human ResourcesD. A candidate27. What does the underlined word compensation probably mean?A. SalaryB. JobC. Working conditionsD. FoodCMedia Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home. Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication.But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television's influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance.is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.Newspaper?After television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually, ii m increased its national circulation (发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in ion ciues. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer. more detailed message to their audience than they can through 48 hours,meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the massage out.Newspapers are ofen the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local reader.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor bill-boards (广告牌) and ihe Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeal their ads often. Internet companies are also turning 10 radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day.Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market, magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous, if you read sports illustrated, for example, you have much in common wit h the magazine’s other readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertiser using the print media-magazines and newspapers-will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers, these second. Advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising. Also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective, technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past.Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they.Can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers Is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations' advertising in the near ftuture. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client's message Direct mail includes newsletters. postcards and special promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers.For many businesses.direct mail is the most effective from of advertising.28. With the increase in the number of TV channels_________.A. the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB. the nuiflber of TV viewers has increasedC. advertisers' interest in other media has decreasedD. the number of TV ads people can see has increasedpared with television, newspapers as an advertising medium_________________.A. earn a larger annual ad revenueB. convey more detailed messagesC. use more production techniquesD. get messages out more effectively30.Advertising on radio continues to grow because ___________.A. more local radio stations have been set upB. modern technology makes it more entertainingC. it provides easy access to consumersD. it has been revolutionized by Internet radio.31.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to___________.A. reach target audiencesB. modern technology makes it more entertainingC. appeal to educated people.D. convey all kinds of messagesDUniversities Branch OutAs never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative(合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders.Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800 000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too.Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America's best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the UK. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top researchuniversities received their graduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140 000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2 200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships(实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research centre focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai's Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai centre has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4 300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu's Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his US team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to US universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the UK. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation's well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished(珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.32. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born?A. 10%.B. 20%.C. 30%.D. 38%.33. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?A. They organize a series of seminars on world economy.B. They offer them various courses in international politics.C. They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.D. They give them chances for international study or internship.34. An example illustrating the general trend of universities' globalization is__________.A. Yale's collaboration with Fudan University on genetic researchB. Yale's helping Chinese universities to launch research projectsC. Yale's student exchange program with European institutionsD. Yale's establishing branch campuses throughout the world35. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A. It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.B. It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.C. It was intentionally created by Stanford University.D. It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2016年衡水市高考英语模拟试题三（含答案）2016好题精选模拟卷三第I卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15题；每题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AAs a young woman who was always interested in style, I got lucky in interning(实习) with a fashion company in Tokyo, last summer.I worked as an assistant in the Business Planning Department, helping with marketing for the 2007 Spring/Summer collections. Fashion is a beautiful industry. But against my expectation, it also has lots of ordinary work. Every day, I would do sample testing, prepare the brochure for future launches, and meet with customers and visitors.Japanese companies had a traditional work style. We had a meeting every morning at 9 o’clock. Every Monday, allemployees, including those in other parts of Japan, would take part in a conference call. Every afternoon, after finishing work, each of us would say goodbye to every manager in the company, which took more than five minutes.All of this kept me fresh. And the strict work atmosphere caused me to work harder. At the end of last August, the company’s 2007 Spring/Summer collection started with a big show and was very successful. Lots of customers showed an interest in our products, including a businessman from Hong Kong.He went to our company for more details on the products, but he couldn’t speak Japanese and none of the staff spoke good English.Just when the situation seemed helpless, I offered to give it a try.I was a Japanese major, but I had also practiced my English often. My translation job was praised by both the customer and my boss. And the guest made a big purchase.The two-month internship taught me a lot about business. And the pay - 150,000 yen, or over 10,000 yuan a month- was enough to cover my daily living costs in Tokyo.Moreover, the experience made me stand out. Every interviewer I’ve spoken with showed an interest and discussed my internship with me.And thanks to this experience, I’ve found a good job in one of the Big Four accounting firms and will start working this summer.21. Before she interned(实习) in the fashion company in Tokyo, the writer ______A. did not like the fashion.B. imagined it being beautiful and simply.C. didn’t expect a fashion industry had lots of work as ordinary as normal.D. was nervous about it.22. What would each of the employees in Japanese Companies do every afternoon?A. They do sample testing.B. They meet with customers and visitors.C. They prepare the brochure for future launches.D. They say good bye to every manager.23. Why does the writer work harder?A. Because she is often kept freshB. Because Japanese traditional strict work style causes her to.C. Because a meeting every morning is held.D. Because they hold a conference call every Monday.24. What can you learn from the passage?A. Internship usually plays an important role in finding a good job.B. Chinese are good at English.C. Japanese are good at spoken English.D. And the pay the writer got was enough for her future life.BA Grassroots RemedyMost of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don’t run the streets. Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can bebought, rather than things that can be found.The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in anatural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife.But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reducedwhen there is contact with the natural world.Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behaviour.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging.Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物). For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised. Without other living things around us we areless than human.Five ways to find harmony with the natural worldWalk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere that’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with birdsong for background.Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewherespecial and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all. 25. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?A. Personal freedom.B. Things that are natural.C. Urban surroundings.D. Things that are purchased.26. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.A. tend to develop a strong love for scienceB. are more likely to fantasise about wildlifeC. tend to be physically tougher in adulthoodD. are less likely to be involved in bullying27. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?A. Find more effective drugs for them.B. Provide more green spaces for them.C. Place them under more personal care.D. Engage them in more meaningful activities.28. Dr William Bird suggests in his study that ________.A. humanity and nature are complementary to each otherB. wild places may induce impulsive behaviour in peopleC. access to nature contributes to the reduction of violenceD. it takes a long time to restore nature once damagedCCaught in the WebA few months ago, it wasn’t unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She’d wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs –leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.”I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart –kind of slipping into a depression,” said Carla. “I knew that if I didn’t get off the dating sites, I’d just keep going,” detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world.Toebe’s conclusion: She felt like she was “addicted” to the Internet. She’s not alone.Concern about excessive Inte rnet use isn’t new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There’s still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web.”There’s no question that there’re people who’re seriously in trouble because they’re overdoing their Internet involvement,” said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. “The Internet is an environment,” he said. “Y ou can’t be addicted to the environment.” Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford Universityresearchers.About 6% of respondents reported that “their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use.” About 9% attempted to conceal “nonessential Internet use,” and nearly 4% reported feeling “preoccupied by the Internet when offline.”About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they “found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time.””The Internet problem is still in its infancy,” said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. “They’re online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色情) or gambling” websites.Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but “in terms of losses,” said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. “If it’s a loss [where] you’re not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it’s too much.”Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.The website for Orzack’s center lists the following amongthe psychological symptoms of computer addiction:● Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.● Longing for more and more time at the computer.● Neglect of family and friends.● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when n ot at the computer.● Lying to employers and family about activities.● Inability to stop the activity.● Problems with school or job.Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a “sense of belonging, and escape, ex citement [and] fun,” she said. “Some people say relief…because they find themselves so relaxed.”Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game,called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a “gaming addiction.”Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that’s nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him he’d gained weight.”There’s this whole cu lture of competition that sucks people in” with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. “People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives.” Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly “to remi nd myself to keep my love for online games in check.”Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subj ect line: “I have an Internet Addiction.””I’m self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I’m failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children,” she wrote in a message sent to the group.”I have no money o r insurance to get professional help; Ican’t even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything.”Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. “I have a boyfriend now, and I’m not interested in online dating,” she said by phone last week. “It’s a lot better now.”29. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?A. Her daughter’s repeated complaints.B. Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.C. The poorly managed state of her house.D. The high financial costs adding up.30. What does the author say about excessive Internet use?A. People should be warned of its harmful consequences.B. It has become virtually inevitable.C. It has been somewhat exaggerated.D. People haven’t yet reached agreement on its definition.31. Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if people ______.A. try to improve the Internet environmentB. become aware of its serious consequencesC. can realize what is important in lifeD. can reach a consensus on its definitionDColleges taking another look at value of merit-based aid Good grades and high tests scores still matter—a lot—to many colleges as they award financial aid.But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as “merit aid”, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars.George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients(接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago.Now, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y., says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aid recipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aid alone will be awarded beginning with students entering in fall 2008.Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, forexample, offer generous need-based packages, but many families who don’t meet need eligibility(资格)have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school.For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above the scholarship amount to keep the institution running.But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their ac ademic profits. “They’re trying to buy students,” says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum.Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately students who could afford to enroll without it.“As we look to the future, we see a more pre ssing need to invest in need-based aid,” says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in US News &amp; World Report’s ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17.Merit aid, which benefited about 75 students a year, or about 4% of its student body, at a cost of about $ 1 million a year,“served us well,” Inzer says, but “to be discounting the price for families that don’t need financial aid doesn’t feel right any more.”Need-based aid remains by far the largest share of all student aid, which includes state, federal and institutional grants. But merit aid, offered primarily by schools and states, is growing faster, both overall and at the institutional level.Between 1995-96 and 2003-04, institutional merit aid alone increased 212%, compared with 47% for need-based grants. At least 15 states also offer merit aid, typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state’s public institutions.But in recent years, a growing chorus(异口同声)of critics has begun pressuring schools to drop the practice. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on,” say s Baum, co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need.David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so, they would lose top students to their competitors.“No one can take one-sided action,” says Laird, who isexploring whether to seek an exemption(豁免)from federal anti-trust laws so member colleges can discuss how they could jointly reduce merit aid, “This is a merry-go-round that’s going very fast, and none of the institutions believe they can sustain the risks of trying to break away by themselves.”A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don’t qualify for need-based aid, that many have come to depend on it. And, as tuitions continue to increase, the line between merit and need blurs.That’s one reason Allegheny College doesn’t plan to drop merit aid entirely.“We still believe in rewarding superior achievements and know that these top students truly value the scholarship,” says Scott Friedhoff, Allegheny’s vice president for enrollment.Emory University in Atlanta, which boasts a $4.7 billion endowment(捐赠), meanwhile, is taking another approach. This year, it announced it would eliminate loans for needy students and cap them for middle-income families. At the same time, it would expand its 28-year-old merit program.“Yeah, we’re playing the merit game,” acknowledges Tom Lancaster, associate dean for undergraduate education. But ithas its strong point, too, he says. “The fact of the matter is, it’s not just about the lowest-income people. It’s the average American middle-class family who’s being priced out of the mar ket.”*A few words about merit-based aid:Merit-based aid is aid offered to students who achieve excellence in a given area, and is generally known as academic, athletic and artistic merit scholarships.Academic merit scholarships are based on students’grades, GPA and overall academic performance during high school. They are typically meant for students going straight to college right after high school. However, there are scholarships for current college students with exceptional grades as well. These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify. In some cases, students may need to be recommended by their school or a teacher as part of the qualification process.Athletic merit scholarships are meant for students that excel(突出)in sports of any kind, from football to track and field events. Recommendation for these scholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee(裁判). Applicants need to send in a tape containingtheir best performance.Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area. This generally includes any creative field such as art, design, fashion, music, dance or writing. Applying for artistic merit scholarships usually requires that students submit a portfolio(选辑)of some sort, whether that includes a collection of artwork, a recording of a musical performance or a video of them dancing.32. With more and more low-income students pursuing higher education, a number of colleges are ________.A. offering students more merit-based aidB. revising their financial aid policiesC. increasing the amount of financial aidD. changing their admission processes33. The chief purpose of rankings-conscious colleges in offering merit aid is to ______.A. improve teaching qualityB. boost their enrollmentsC. attract good studentsD. increase their revenues34. In recent years, merit-based aid has increased much faster than need-based aid due to ______.A. more government funding to collegesB. fierce competition among institutionsC. the increasing number of top studentsD. schools’improved financial situations35. What is the attitude of many private colleges toward merit aid, according to David Laird?A. They would like to see it reduced.B. They regard it as a necessary evil.C. They think it does more harm than good.D. They consider it unfair to middle-class families.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2016年衡水全国高考英语模拟试题一（附答案听力）2016英语置换高考卷一考试时间：120分钟姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________一、听力题（共两节，满分30分）第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 与mp3 180对应听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What impressed the man about the new theater? A. The ticket price. B. The seats.C. The sound. 2. What are the speakers going to do tonight? A. Listen to a lecture. B.Go out for pizza. C.Work in the garden.3. Why has the man been staying at home? A.He works at home.B. He is out of work.C. He’s been sick. 4. How many students had planned to take the exam? A.50. B. 25. C. 15. 5. What does the man think of the cheese? A. It is delicious. B .It smells better than it tastes. C. It has gone bad. 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。