阅读考试题型
1. 翻译
英译汉5句，共20分（课文）
汉译英5句，共20分（课后）
2. 选词填空
20句，共20分（课后）
3. 完型填空
20空，共20分（课后）
4. 作文
20分
注，考试时间十七周周一早8：00，地点另行通知。
考试地点2103
Unit 1
A Young Boy’s Ambition
V ocabulary Study：
1.permanent
2.had assembled
3.discharging
4.meekly
5.apprentice
6.partiality
7.obscure
8.exalted
9.intruding 10.cordially 11.ambition 12.gallantly
CLOZE：BDCAB ADABB DBDAA CCDCB、
Ⅳ. Translation
1.他想当足球明星的梦想随着时间的推移慢慢消退了。
His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by.
2.一架波音747飞机没有升到足够的高度以飞越那座高山，转瞬间一头撞向大山爆炸了。机上无人生还。
A Boeing 747 aircraft didn’t gain enough height to clear the mountain. In a twinkling, it crashed into the mountain and blew up. No one survived the accident.
3.学生们可以很容易地获得图书馆的资源，所以他们应该充分地利用好图书馆。
Students have easy access to the resources in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it.
4.当时世界上最豪华的游轮泰坦尼克号在她前往美国的途中撞到了冰山，结果轮船沉没在大西洋中，成百上千的人死于这场海难。
Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at that time, hit an iceberg when she was under way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into the Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck.
5. 每年夏天，游客们都涌向这一著名的海滩。来此享受日光浴的游客像沙丁鱼一样挤满了海滩。
Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach. They lie packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunbathing.
6.他们曾经到圣路易斯去过一次，对于那把的新奇食物稍微知道一个大概，可是现在他们的光荣时代已成过去了。他们从此自知没趣，再也不说话了，而且每逢这个毫不留情的机匠走过来的时候，他们就知道赶快躲开。
They have been to St. Louis once and have a vague general knowledge of its wonders, but the day
of their glory is over now. They lapse into a humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless engineer approaches.
Ⅵ. Key to Supplementary Readings
A l. A 2.
B 3.
C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.C 8. C
B l.B 2.D 3.
C 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.B
一个小男孩的梦想
马克吐温
1.我小的时候，我们那密西西比河西岸的村镇上，玩伴们都只有一个永恒的志愿。那就是当轮船上的水手。我们也有其他种种暂时的愿望，可是那都只是暂时性的。马戏团来到的时候和走了之后，总是使我们大家都燃起火热的希望，想当小丑；第一次到我们那带地方来的黑人游唱团使我们渴望着想试一试那种生活；我们不时还有一种希望，那就是，如果我们活在世上，品行挺好，上帝就会让我们当海盗。这些愿望，一个一个地都先后幻灭了；可是想当轮船上的水手这种志愿却始终保持下来了。
2. 一艘简陋而外表华丽的定班轮船从圣路易斯开上来，另一艘从奇阿库克往下游开，每天都要来到这里一次。在这些大事出现之前，这一天使人充满了期望，显得光辉灿烂：这些大事过了之后，时光就变得死气沉沉，空空洞洞了。不仅孩子们有这种感觉，整个村镇都是一样。如今事隔多年，我仍旧能在心中描绘往日的情景，完全像当时那样：夏天早晨，白色的村镇在阳光中打盹；街上是空荡荡的，几乎一个人都没有：水街的杂货铺前面坐着一两个店员，他们把那木条椅面的椅子翘起来，靠在墙上，下巴顶在胸前，帽子垂下遮着脸，打着瞌睡一他们身边有许多削木瓦的碎片，这就说明是什么事情把他们累坏了：一只母猪和一窝猪
仔在人行道上闲荡着，痛痛快快地啃着西瓜皮和瓜子：两三个孤零零的小货物堆在“码头”上闲置着；石头铺的起卸码头的坡上有一堆“垫木”，镇上的流浪醉汉就在这木堆近旁酣睡着；码头上端有两三只平底木船，可是那拍打着这些船的小浪的柔和声响，却没有人倾听；伟大的密西西比河，壮丽、辉煌的密西西比河，让它那一英里宽的洪流滚滚奔腾下去，在阳光中放出闪光；河对岸的远处是茂密的森林；村镇上游的“地角”和下游的“地角”截断了河上景色的视线，把它变成了一片海面，而且这海面还是风光明媚、沉寂而幽静的。随后有一股黑烟在远处的一个“地角”上空升腾起来；立刻就有一个以眼睛特别快、嗓子特别响出名的黑人运货马车夫高声喊道：“火——轮——船——来了!”于是情况就变了!镇上那个醉汉翻身起来，那几个店员也醒了，随后就是运货马车的一阵狂暴的响声，每户人家和每个铺子里都涌出一股人流，转瞬之间，这个死气沉沉的村镇就热闹起来了、活动起来了。
3.运货马车和大车，男子汉和孩子，都从四面八方连忙赶到一个大家聚集的中心地点——码头上去。大家在那里集合之后，就把眼睛盯住那条开来的船，好像是注视他们第一次看到的一个稀奇东西一般。那条船也的确是相当美观。它又长又尖，收拾得又整洁、又漂亮。船上有两个高高的烟囱，顶上有些别致的花样——两个烟囱之间挂着一个金色的东西：还有一间别致的驾驶室，全是玻璃的，外表挺好看，其实并不值钱，驾凌后面的上层甲板之上；明轮罩也华丽非凡，那上面绘着图画，还在船名之上绘了一些金色的光带：锅炉甲板、顶层甲板和上层甲板周围都配置着干净的白栏杆；船头旗杆上神奇十足地飘着一面旗子：火炉的门是开着的，里面的火放射出熊熊的光来；上面的两层甲板黑压压地挤满了乘客；船长站在大钟
旁边，神态镇静，挺有气派，他是大家羡慕的人物；大股大股的极黑的浓烟从烟囱里滚滚升腾起来一这是快到村镇之前，在火炉里添了一点多脂，特意造成的一种所费无几的威严气派；全体水手聚集在船头甲板上；宽阔的踏板在船头的舱门上面伸出船边很艮远，有一个令人羡慕的水手神气十足地站在它的尽头，手里拿着一卷绳子：憋住的蒸汽从活嘴里进出尖叫的声音；船长举起手来，一口钟发出响声，机轮就停住了：然后机轮又向后转动，搅得河水冒出许多泡沫，于是轮船就不动了。接着是乱得一团糟，大家争先恐后，有的抢着上船，有的抢着上岸，有的要上货，有的要卸货，都在这同一时刻里抢着干。大副们为了催大家赶快，拼命地嚷，拼命地骂，那一阵叫骂声真是凶得要命!十分钟之后，轮船又开走了，船头旗杆上再也没有旗子，烟囱里再也不冒黑烟了。再过10分钟，这个小镇上又是死气沉沉，镇上那个醉汉又回到那堆垫木旁边去睡着了。
4.我父亲是个治安法官，我以为他对一切的人都操着生杀之权，无论谁得罪了他，他都可以处以绞刑。一般来说，这么大的威风原是足以使我满意的；然而想到轮船上当水手的愿望却是仍旧不断地闯进我脑子里来。起初我想当一个船舱里的茶房，为的是能够系着白色的腰围出来，在船边上抖一抖餐桌布，好让我所有的老玩伴们看得见；后来我又想到，还不如做那个子里拿着一卷绳子、站在踏板尽头的水手，因为他是特别惹人注目的。但是这些念头都只是白日梦而已——要想把它们当成真有可能的事情来作打算，那却未免太高不可攀了。过了不久，我们那些孩子当中有一个跑掉了。他走了很久还没有；肖息。后来他终于以一艘轮船上的见习机匠或是“锤子”的身份突然出现了。这件事情全盘推翻了我所受的主日学校的一切的教训。那孩子向来是个有名的俗气鬼，而我却恰恰相反：结果他居然高升到这种大出风头的地位，而我却无声无息，处境很惨。这家伙出头之后，气量一点也不大。他那艘轮船停靠在我们镇上的时候，他老足要故意找个锈了的铁栓来擦，而且他老是坐在靠岸的这边栏杆上面干，叫我们大家都能看得见他，又羡慕、又讨厌他。每逢他那艘轮船停得久一些的时候，他就一定回家来，穿着那满身油泥、黑得要命的衣服，到镇上各处出风头，叫每个人都不能不想起他是个轮船上的水乎：他谈起话未，还爱用轮船上各种各样的术语，好像他是说，惯了那一套，忘记别人听不懂似的。他竟至谈到一匹马也说什么“左舷”，说得那么若无其事、自自然然，简直使人，限之入骨。他常常谈到“圣路易斯”，仿佛他是那儿的老住户似的；还信口提起一些过去的事情，说他“顺着四马路走”呀，“路过场主饭店”呀，或者说有一次着了火，他在大密苏里号轮上亲手按了灭火机呀：然后他接着胡扯一阵，说是有多少个像我们这个镇那么大的村镇在那一天烧毁了。我们那些孩子当中有两三个早就受着大家的重视，因为他们曾经到圣路易斯去过一次，对于那里的新奇食物稍微知道一个大概，可是现在他们的光荣时代已成过去了。他们从此自知没趣，再也不说话了，而且每逢这个毫不留情的机匠“崽子”走过来的时候，他们就知道赶快躲开。这家伙还有钱，头上抹发油。还有一只不中用的银壳表和一根看似很好的黄铜表链子。他系着一根皮腰带，而不用背带。假如有一个年轻小伙子一方面被人真心地羡慕，同时又遭人恨，那就是这个家伙。姑娘们没有一个能够抵挡他那股魔力。他把镇上所有的小伙子都“赛过”了。后来他那条船终于爆炸了，这个消息在我们当中就散布了一种幸灾乐祸的情绪，那是我们有好几个月不曾感觉过的。但是下一个星期他居然活着回家了，并且还出了名，浑身带伤、绑着绷带在礼拜堂出现，成了个出风头
的英雄，人人都注视着他，对他感到惊异，这时候我们就觉得老天对一个毫无价值的坏蛋的偏爱似乎是达到了一种应受批评的地步了。
5.这个家伙的走运只能产生一种结果，而且这种结果很快就出现了。孩子们一个又一个都想方设法到河上去。牧师的儿子也成了机匠。医生和邮政局的儿子都成了“排泥手”；批发酒店老板的儿子成了一条船上酒吧间的掌柜：最大的商人的四个儿子和县里的法官的两个儿子都成了领航员。领航员是所有职位中最神气的一种。即便在当时那种工资微薄的年代，领航员的薪金也是特别高的——每月从150元到250元，还不花伙食钱。他两个月的薪金就够一个牧师一年的薪金了。这时候我们当中有些人都郁郁不乐的。我们不能到河上去干活——至少是我们的父母不让我们去。
6.于是我不久就跑掉了。我说非到我当了领航员、能够得意荣归的时候，永远也不回家。可是不知怎么的，我却办不到。圣路易斯那个很长的码头上有许多船像沙丁鱼似挤在一起停靠着，我胆怯地走到几条船上去，低声下气地探寻船上的领航员，可是大副和职员们都对我摆出爱理不理的样子，几句话就把我打发了。我对他们这种态度，暂时只好极力容忍，可是我对将来却做着聊以自慰的白日梦，满心希望日后自己成为一个伟大的、受人尊敬的领航员，能有许多的钱，可以把这些大副和职员杀掉几个，出钱偿命了事。
Unit 2
V ocabulary Study：
1.advocated
2.extravagant
3.vulnerable
4.guru
5.potential
6.dispel
7.shunned
8.acclaimed
9.enthusiasts 10.stave off 11.attendant 12 ventured
CLOZE: CBDAD CDBAC BBCCD ABCAC.
Translation:
1.有些网络专家认为因特网可以防止战争、减少污染，还能克服种种形式的不平等。
Some cyber gurus claim that internet will prevent wars reduce pollution and combat several of inequality.
2. 不可否认，因特网可以增进交流，但它却无法消除战争，因为战争的爆发并不仅仅是由于不同种族间缺乏充分理解而引起的。
Although, the internet can undeniably fosters communication, it will not put an end to wars. Since wars are by no means caused by the failure of different people to understand each other adequately.
3. 只有当网上的活动能够真正取代现实世界中的行为时，因特网才能帮助节约能源，减少污染。
The internet can help reduce energy consumption and pollution, only if doing things online genuinely replaces real-world activities.
4.穷人不用因特网并不是因为他们买不起，而是心为他们缺乏必要的技能来有效地利用它，所以提高老百姓的文化水平要比给他们提供上网机会更有意义。
The poor are not shunning the internet because they cannot afford it the problem is that they lack the skills to exploit it effectively, therefore, it would make more sense to improve universal literacy than universal Internet access.
5. 因为有了因特网，在不同国家从事类似工作的人们之间收入上的不平等减少了，但是贫穷国家中从事信息产业的人们与他们最贫穷的同胞之间在收入上的差距却拉大了。
Thanks to internet, income inequality between people doing similar jobs in different countries has
been reduced. However, the inequality between information works in poor countries and their poorest compatriots has been increased.
6. 如果人类的本性始终固执地保持不变，不管科技预言家的预言是什么，人类的发明也绝对不能克服其自身的缺陷。
If human nature remains stubbornly unchanged, despite the claims of techno-prophets, humanity cannot simply invent away its failings.
课文参考译文:
因特网不能做什么？
1 在1858年第一根横穿大西洋的通讯电缆铺设成功时，维多利亚时代的积极分子们曾欢呼说：“像电报这种为世界各国交流思想的工具诞生之后；那些根深蒂固的偏见与敌意不可能再长时间存在了。”甚至在今天，人们仍以同样的口吻谈论着各种新技术．生物工程被说成是解决温饱问题的妙方。人类基因组的排序据说可以彻底根治癌症和其他疾病．然而，人们把最盲目乐观的想法倾注在了因特网上。网络专家们的整个行业曾用令人驰神往的美妙话语（并因此而获得了不菲的收入）称，因特网可以防止战争、减少污染；还能克服种种形式的不平等。然而，尽管因特网出现的时间不长，依旧足以激起理想主义的灵感，但它存在的时间也已长得足以判断预言家的预言正确与否了。
2 所有的断言中最为美妙的便是J麻省理J学院的一些专家们所宣称的：因特网是一种潜在的和平力量。一位权威尼十拉斯内格罗蓬特说，正是由于因特网的存在，来来的孩子们“将不知道民族主义为何物”。他的同事迈克尔德托索斯曾写道，数字化通信将带来“计算机辅助下的和平”，它“有助于避免未来种族仇恨的爆发和国家分裂的发生”。他的理念是改进了的通信手段将减少误解；避免冲突。
3可惜啊！这种断言并不比有关其他新技术可能促进和平的说法新鲜到哪里去。在20世纪初，人们认为飞机的发明将有助于结束战争，因为它可以增进国际间的交往，使陆军变得陈旧过时（虽然这种说法不那么可信）——因为陆军容易受到来自空中的打击。在第一次世界大战的现实使这些想法都成为泡影之后，人们又把希望寄托在收音机上。“国与国之间将和平相见；”这是英国BBC电台全球广播使用的一句很好的标语。可悲的是，卢旺达电台并不认为收音机生来是一种一劳永逸的和平力量。
4 人们所犯的错误就在于他们认为战争的爆发是由于不同种族间缺乏充分的理解而引起的。其实；即使真的如此；因特网也同样可用于鼓动冲突、充满憎恨的演说和偏狭的见解在阴暗的角落里滋生蔓延，政府却感到难以于预、不可否认，尽管因特网可以增进交流，它却无法消除战争。
5 但是因特网可以减少能源和消耗吗？能源与气候问题解答中心(CECS）——华盛顿的一个智囊团，主利又据1997和1998两年能源消耗的数字，提出了这样一种说法．该中心大胆地指出，虽然美国经济在这两年中以9％的速度增长；但它的能源需求却基本保持不变，原因就在于因特网的广泛应用，因为国特网片将纸张和光盘转化成电子信号，并且可以用光纤电缆取代卡车”、难怪报纸有一条充满激情的大字标题恳求人们：“网上购物，巴——拯救地球。”
6 令人悲哀的是拯救地球比这要难得多。当然；与驾车去商场购物相比，在家中网上购物可以减少许多污染。网上订购和送货上门意味着如果物流部门安排得当，那么用卡车运一趟便能代替多个家庭分别开车购物了。在网上读报纸、杂志和其他文献要比实际印刷、运输它们
的效率高。但只有当利用网络进行活动能真正取代现实世界中的行为时，才能真正地节约能源。如果人们既在网上购物又去逛真实的商店，那么结果便是能源消耗的全面增长、由于有了因特网，欧洲人现在可以很容易上网订购一些在欧洲尚买不到的书，并花大价钱把它们从美国空运过来、如果网上读文章可以取代而不是增加大量无聊的印刷品，那它才是更有效的。
7 此外，因为越来越多的办公室和家庭上网，数以百万的个人电脑、打印机、服务器和其他设备消耗了大量的能源。家用电脑正在成为日常生活结构中的一部分，而且其中越来越多的电脑始终处于开机状态、一次颇具争议的估算指出：在美国，足有8％的耗电量是由联网计算机所消耗的。建设好的一些规模宏大的划务器场区”——摆满计算机及其辅助冷却设备的库房——一已经导致电力网络的超负荷运转，这种状况已经引起了硅谷地区的用电紧张。
8 如何认识因特网能减少不平等现象的说法呢？美国商业部的一项研究表明，年收入在75万美元以上的家庭与最贫困的家庭相比，前者上网率是后者的周倍还多、比尔克林顿吃惊于贫富之间的“数字鸿沟”；辩称大家都能上网将帮助缩小收入的差距。
9 但是，由于使用因特网的费用不断下降（提供免费上网的服务已基本普及，现在购买一台个人电脑比买一台录像机或一台大的电视机贵不了多少）；贫富之间数字鸿沟的真正原因将逐渐凸现。穷人不用因特网并不是因为他们买不起，问题是他们缺乏必要的技能来有效地利用它、因此，我们很难明白把穷人和因特网连在一起怎么就能改善他们的经济状况。提高老百姓的文化水平要比给他们提供上网机会更有意义。
10 然而，即使是在关于因特网的非常荒谬的说法中；也可能有一些合理的成分、这种开放的网络，一个对政府来说非常难以控制的网络，可能确实能帮助给予每个公民更多的权利，并促进民主。由于民主国家间
很少发生争斗，所以开放性的网络可以促进和平。就环境问题而言，因特网将使我们可以从远处对多部机器进行更为精确的监控和调试，这将提高能源使用率。对污染税的征税或仅对其检测，其成本将会降低，而且易于为政府所承担。
11 在某些情况下，由于有了因特网，不平等现象也有可能会减少。一位在班加罗尔或是西伯利亚的电脑编程人员。在足不出户的情况下，可以用因特网为一家在西雅图的软件公司工作；并能期望得到一份与在网络另一端工作的虚拟同事们相近的收八。其效果是减少在不同国家从事类似工作的人们之间收入上的不平等，但这么做却拉大了贫穷国家中从事信息产业的人们与他们最贫穷同胞之间收入上的差距。
12 因特网改变着许多事物。它已对商务领域产生了巨大的影响、公司能够把它们的系统与其产品供应商和合作伙伴直接相连；可以在网上24小时地进行交易，可以比以往更多地了解他们的顾客。经济的运行因此将更有成果。对个人而言，电子邮件已经成为自电话问世之后最为重要的新型人际交流方式。
13 然而，我们还不清楚因特网能够在多大程度上改变人类其他领域的活动．即使地球上的每个人都与因特网相连；战争、污染和不平等依然会存在、随着新鲜事物的交替更迭，人类的本性看来还会固执地保持不变。不管科技预言家的预言是什么，人类的发明绝对不能克服其自身的缺陷。因特网不是第一种被人们视为万能药的技术，也肯定不会是最后一种。
Unit 3
V ocabulary Study
1.sank
2.clear
3.rainfall
4.drought
5.Flowering
6.loose
7.pores
8.graze
9.spine 10.trapped 11.venture 12.fertile
CLOSE: CBDAB DBCCA ACDAC CADAB
Translation:
许多研究表明沙漠中的空气太干燥了，几乎没有任何湿气。
1.Many studies indicate that the desert air is so dry that it contains any moisture.
虽然根据法律每个英国儿童从5岁到16岁都必须上学，但1%的儿童到小学毕业时仍不会阅读。
2.Although the children form age 5 to 16 must go to school in Britain according to the laws ,about 1%of the children still can not read when they have primary school.
听到这个消息后，我知道在两个星期之内，我又会坐立不安。
3.After heard the news ,I knew I fell restless again within a forenight .
我们一直认为要回答这个问题，就必须更仔细地查清这些事实。
4.We think unanimously to answer the question ,we must look more closely at the facts.
在全世界范围内，各级政府正采取有效措施控制环境污染。
5.Though out the world, government at all levels are taking effectively measures to prevent environment pollution.
有些人认为考试中应采用客观题，如多项选择：也有人不同意这种观点，认为这种考试会对学生的学习产生不良影响。
6.Some people think that the objective items ,such as multiple choices, should be used for an examination, others don't agree, because they believe that this kind test has some bad effect on students leaning.
课文参考翻译
1 沙漠里除了太阳和沙子以外还有其他的东西，在这两页中你会发现植物、动物和人如何设法在这片贫瘠的荒漠上生存下来。
2 所有的沙漠都十分干燥。我们谈到沙漠时，脑海里便浮现出酷热干燥、细沙遍地的亚热带沙漠。它们分布在北回归线和南回归线附近，暖气流在赤道上升下降，形成了晴朗少雨的气候。撒哈拉沙漠占非洲面积的1／3，相当于世界上第四大国家——美国。撒哈拉并不一直都是沙漠，几百万年前被冰雪、海洋、森林和草原所覆盖。
3 沙漠上的风通常很干燥，有些沙漠处在“雨影”地区，然而当风吹过高原时，便失去它们所携带的水分。有些沙漠处在大陆中部，等风吹过这些沙漠时，便失去了它们从遥远的海洋所吸收的湿气。亚洲的蒙古戈壁沙漠就是内陆沙漠的例子。阿塔卡马沙漠位于智利北部，是地球上最干燥的沙漠。有部分地区从1570年到1971年接近四百年的时间没降过雨，其他地区也没有降雨记录。含沙量最多的沙漠是塔克拉玛干沙漠，沙暴能把沙土卷起3048 米那么高。撒哈拉沙漠的沙暴也非常凶猛，几乎能将一辆汽车或飞机上的油漆喷掉。在炎热的沙漠，夜间的温度能降至摄氏零下4度(24T)，而白天沙子的温度可高达摄氏79度(175°F)。在沙漠中生存
5 沙漠是生物生存十分困难的地方。白天天气特别炎热，1922年9月13日北非的利比亚沙漠在阴处测量的气温竟达到摄氏58度。沙漠的夜晚又非常冷，晴朗的天空使地热迅速散发到
大气层中。沙漠中因降雨量少而使缺水现象非常严重，而是否能下雨又难以预测，连年的干旱之后可能是大雨倾盆。许多沙漠地区是光秃秃的岩石，或被鹅卵石和沙砾所覆盖。沙土只占沙漠地区的15％。在一些沙漠地区，全年的降雨量也许只有一两场。但这足以为植物的播种和生长提供必要水分，使部分沙漠地区有几天也覆盖着簇簇鲜花。植物的生存方式
6下雨后的几个小时内，成千上万的有花植物开始发芽。许多植物的种子比如说沙漠蒲公英落在地上多年等待着雨水的滋润，这些植物后又因干旱死去，留下种子等待日后的雨露再发芽。
7 其他的植物通过其叶、茎、根储存水分，调节本身来适应恶劣的环境，如美洲的树形仙人掌可储存六至八吨水。沙漠植物的根须一般分布深广，能从地下吸取每一滴水分，如牧豆树灌木的根就深达20米。8 植物一般通过叶孔流失水分，为了防止水分的流失，沙漠植物都长着很小的蜡光叶和较小的叶孔，许多植物为防止水分流失白天还关闭自己的叶孔。为了保护自己免遭食草动物啮食，一些植物长满长刺或者味道极差，如仙人掌就用尖刺保护自己。只有美洲的沙漠才生长着仙人掌。最高的仙人掌叫做树形仙人掌，高达15米，重7吨，可存活200年之久。它的茎干能够储存水分以备干旱时使用。
动物的生活方式
9 沙漠似乎空空如也，其实只有很少的沙漠没有动物栖身。沙漠里绝大多数的动物都在自己的洞穴里躲避白天的炎热，它们的洞穴里有潮气，比地面凉爽得多。动物一般在傍晚或者黎明时出没。
10 沙漠的小哺乳动物通常长着一对大耳朵，白天它们用耳朵散热，夜晚它用那硕大的耳朵提防潜藏的危险。10.白天出没的爬行动物尽量减少与灼热的沙子接触，如澳大利亚一种长着胡须的蜥蜴有时就只用后腿行走，有一种命名很贴切的角响尾蛇就只用两个支撑点着地。
11 所有的沙漠动物只要有一点儿水就能存活，许多动物仅靠食物中的一点儿水分就足够了。像骆驼那样的大动物可以几天不喝水，可是一旦喝水则数量惊人，一只骆驼一分钟能喝10升水。
沙漠里的人们
12 千百年来，人们已学会怎样在沙漠中生存。南非卡拉哈里沙漠的散族和澳大利亚的土著人在沙漠中狩猎、采集食物，他们从先辈那里学会了这些传统技艺。
13. 游牧民在沙漠边缘放羊，不断向新鲜草场移动。北非撒哈拉的图拉格人穿着宽松的衣服来防热防沙，男人们还用头巾保护他们的面孔。
14 有些沙漠里，井边和泉边形成了一片片绿洲，住有人家，有的绿洲还发展成农场。那里的房子是用土砖盖起来的，厚厚的没有窗户的土墙能保持屋内凉爽。
不断移动的沙漠
15. 沙漠正在蔓延，世界土地的12％是沙漠，而且每年沙漠化的土地达到1200万公顷。正如下图所示，沙漠化因素有许多，归根结底是土地日益裸露，土壤流失严重。
16 世界各国政府和援助机构都在努力防止沙漠化，虽然没有简单的解决办法，但是成功的项目能帮助贫穷国家的人民自救。这些项目利用当地社区现有的知识和资源，其中包括种树、扎护栅以防止牛羊啃食植被和防止风化，有些地方的人们还在山坡上垒起石墙防止雨水流失，让雨水渗入泥土之中。
Unit 4
II. V ocabulary Study
I.
l.Physical 2 accumulation 3. diversity 4. precipitated 5. muscular 6. pathological
7. symptomatic 8. vigorous 9. psychologically 10. Anxiety 1l. restored 12. refreshed
II.
l. manifestation 2. resume 3. precipitate 4. consequence 5. diverse 6. a skimpy 7. taxing 8. prolong 9. overlooked l0. vigor 11l. enhanced l2. relapse
CLOSE: ACDCB BCCBD CDCBA ADCDB
lV. Translation
l..我发现在办公室坐了一天之后，晚上沿着静静的湖边散散步会令人神清气爽。
I find that walking along the quiet lake can provide refreshment from a day's sedentary job.
2.锻炼和放松自己通常被认为是治疗疲劳症的有效方法。
Exercising and relaxing yourse1f is often prescribed as an effective cure for fatigue.
3.你的活动量越小，机体老化的过程就越快，你就越容易面临生理和心理方面的种种问题。The less active you are, the faster this aging process accelerates, and the more vulnerable you become to physical and psychoIogica1 problems.
4..即使你坚持节食，你也不可能减到你所希望的那种身材的程度。
Even if you keep up dieting, you cannot reduce to the point where you achieve the kind of body-shaping you want.
5.人们认为他有一个幸福的晚年，因为在这期间他除了睡觉、吃饭几乎什么事情都不做。但他却常常感到疲惫和心情压抑。
People thought he had happy late years during which time he did litt1e but slept and ate, yet he was often tired and depressed.
6. 过去，人们用搓衣板洗衣服，用手捆干草，很少抱怨疲劳；而如今人们拥有各种节省体力的装置和方便的交通设施，但却总是抱怨疲劳不堪。
In the past when hay was baled by hand and laundry scrubbed on a washboard, people seldom complained of tiredness. However, people feel dragged out and complain a lot in the modern time of 1aborsaving devices and convenient transportation.
参考译文
论三种疲劳
简·布罗迪
1 疲劳是人们向医生、朋友和亲戚经常抱怨的问题之一。或许你会认为在这个拥有各种节省体力装置和方便交通设施的时代，没有人会有理由感到如此疲劳、然而，与用手捆干草。用搓衣板洗衣服的过去相比，今天抱怨疲劳的人却更多了。
2现代疲劳症的原因各种各样；但是很少与过多的体力消耗活动有关、相对而言，为数不多的整天干重活的人他们从不抱怨劳累，这也许是因为他们都预料到了。今天，据医生们说，疲劳是由于过少的活动所至，而不是由于过多活动导致。其实，增加体力活动往往是治愈人们体力消耗的一个处方。
3疲劳主要有三种类型：
4 第一，身体上的。这是一门所熟知的由于肌肉过多运动而产生的新陈代谢物——二氧化碳和乳酸——在血液里积累并耗尽体力的结果。你体内这些化学物质太多，你的肌肉就不能持续有效地工作。身体上的劳累通常是一种令人愉快的疲惫；比如你在打过一场激烈的网球、劈木柴或者爬山之后就会有这种体验。这种治愈方法既简单而又见效快,你休息时,给你的身体一个消除累积废物从而恢复肌肉机能的机会。
5.第二，病理上的。疲劳是一些潜在的身体功能紊乱的警告信号或结果，比如常见的感冒、流感或者像其他更为严重的疾病，如糖尿病、癌症等。通常，除了疲劳外，会出现表明疲劳真正原因的其他症状。
6.大病痊愈之后；你很有可能在一周或一周多的时间里感到疲劳、即使你所得的只是一场感冒，在你完全恢复的阶段里，你应该视疲劳为放慢节奏的信号。如过早地恢复全部活动，则可能引起旧病复发，并且很有可能延长你的疲劳期．
7．即使生病不是长期疲劳的常见的原因，但疲劳仍不容忽视。所以，无论谁如果觉得自己连续几周精力不济时，都应该进行一次彻底的体检、然而，即使通过各种检查未查出你有什么病；这也并不意味着你全然无恙。
8第三，C理上的．情绪问题和烦恼，特别是忧郁和焦虑是长期疲劳的最常见的原因、疲劳可以是一种保护机制，阻碍你去正视你感到压抑的真正原因；比如你厌恶你的工作；疲劳也是你体内的一种安全阀，用以表
达压抑的情绪上的烦恼，比如你感到陷进了一个不能发挥作用的工作或者一个不幸的婚姻．当这种情感不能公开得以宣泄时，身体上就往往会产生某些症状，疲劳则是最常见的表现形式。“许多极度疲劳的人甚至不知道自己患了抑郁症，”布莱特博士说，“他们根本不去注意自己的情绪，或者说他们只担“自己的疲劳，以至于没有意识到自己的抑郁底”
9你自己就有很多方法来解决严重的长期疲劳症和那些周期性的疲劳感，维他命和镇静剂从来就不是正确的解决办法，安眠药和酒精只能产生副作用，而咖啡充其量也只能暂时解决问题，如果滥用还会适得其反；引起令生活不得安宁的焦虑症状。相反，你不妨试一试以下的做法：
10第一，饮食。如果你只吃少许的早餐或者根本不吃早餐的话，你在上午的中段时间里就很有可能感到疲乏．其结果是，你的身体和大脑所依赖的能量——血糖就会降低、为在上午时间获取最大能量，你应该进一些合适的早餐，如含糖量低、蛋白质较高的食物，这样的早餐将给你整个上午以稳定的血糖供应。咖啡和面包圈比任何食物都差，只能使你在短时间内精神抖擞，而后便会萎靡不振。
11第二，锻炼身体。与你想像的相反，体育锻炼不是消耗体力而是增强体力。有规律的体育锻炼，比如慢跑、骑车和游泳都能增强身体承受工作负荷的能力，从而抵制疲劳。于是，你便不会那么快地感到疲劳了，这是因为你身体的承受力比以前增大了。
12体育锻炼同时又具有人们公认的安心静神的效果。它有助于你以更为轻松愉快的心态工作，而不至于被一天的紧张拖垮．一天过后，体育锻炼会减缓你积累的紧张，使你晚间精力更加充沛，帮助你平静地入睡．13第三，睡眠。如果你因为睡眠不足而感到疲劳时，解决的办法很简单：早些上床睡觉。每个人睡眠所需的时间不同，而且随着年龄的增长而减少，找到你最合适的睡眠时间量并朝着这个目标而努力吧。对于失眠和睡眠方面的其他病症不能用安眠药、酒精或镇静剂来治疗；实际上，这些只能恶化病情。
14第四，自知之明。尽力把最困难的工作安排在你一天中精力最充沛的阶季曼。有些人属于一到下午就累的“上午工作效率最高的人”；而另外一些人则在晚上工作效率最高、不要使自己承担过多的事情，不要竭力以最快的步伐攀登成功的阶梯，或者去满足每个人的需要和期望。决定去做你要做的事情和你能轻松处理的事情，学部巨绝那些额外的要求。认识你自己的能量周期，并且据此做出计划。许多妇女在月经期前都有一个情绪低潮点，在这一期间需要额外的睡眠，而要求苛刻的任务则尤其会令人筋疲力尽。
15第五，休息。不论你的工作多么有趣，要求多么高，如果你能偶尔停下来，伸展一下肢体，换一换环境，你工作起来就会更力。精力充沛。不要在休息时喝咖啡，吃甜食，而应该试着去冥思，做一做瑜伽术、健美儒或者轻松地散散步，甚至沿着楼梯上下来回跑也能给你久坐的工作带来清新的感觉．如果你从事的是体力劳动，那么就找一个安静的地方放松一下。“做一些不同的事情”的原则也适用于放假、“完全远离工作”一周、两周或更长时间会令你恢复活力，有助于你正确地处理事情，并且使你体假回来后能更缺陷。因特网不是第一种被人们视为万能药的技术，也肯定不会是最后一种。
Key to Supplementary Readings
A 1. A 2.C 3.
B 4.D 5.A 6.A
B 1. T 2.F 3. F 4.T 5.T 6.F
Unit 5
I. Comprehension Check
i l.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.F 8.T 9.T 10.T
ii l.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.B
iii (略)
Il. Vocabulary Study
1.uniform
2.distinguish
3.ascertained
4.recognized
5.unique
6.outlet
7.tactile 8.rigid 9.secure 10.acquisition 11.fruitful 12.foundation
III. Cloze
1.A
2. D
3.B
4.B
5. A
6. D
7. D
8.C
9.B l0.A
ll.C l2.C l3.A 14. D 15.B l6.D 17.C 18.A l9.B 20.A
lV. Translation.
1.人们普遍认为孩子在家里的抚养与他们在学校所接受的教育密不可分。
It is generally accepted that the upbringing of the child within the home is closely related to the education of the child in school.
2.詹妮弗是《纽约先驱论坛报》（New York Herald Tribune）的人事科长，在这家报纸里她还负责公共关系方面的特约社论工作。
Jennifer is the chief of personnel for the New York Herald Tribune, where she is also responsible for special editorial work in the field of public relations.
3.杰弗两年前在她妹妹的生日聚会上认识了罗斯，从那以后，他们两人一致通过电子邮件联系，杰弗越了解罗斯，他就越喜欢她。
It was two years ago that Jeff met Rose at his sister’s birthday party. They have been communicating with each other by e-mail since then; the more Jeff knows Rose, the more he likes
her.
4.这个措施不仅有效地为下岗工人提供了就业机会，而且还有效地控制了物价上涨。
This new measure is effective not only in providing job opportunities for the laid-off workers, but in limiting price increases.
5.同样，他们对这一阴谋的政治和经济背景认识得不够充分。
Similarly/Likewise, they insufficiently treated the political and economic background of the conspiracy.
6.大规模的货币投资，一方面满足了经济高速增长的需要，另一方面也造成了通货膨胀。Tremendous capital input has met the needs of rapid economic growth on the one hand and has caused the inflation on the other.
V. Writing Practice
1. (5) Now they scan their list of events and decide which can be used and which must be discarded.
(2) They begin by listing the events they plan to relate and arranging them in time order.
(6) Before they go any further with their organization, they decide what will determine the plane 2 sentences.
(1) They usually jot down all of the events related to their subject.
(8) After they have determined the planes of their ideas, they then revise and add any connectors that are
necessary to the reader’s understanding of the narrative.
(3) Next, they look over the chronological listing and form a purpose for their paragraph
(9) With the steps completed, they have a unified paragraph with the details arranged in time sequence.
(4) At this point, they write the topic sentence and state the purpose as the controlling idea.
(7) At the same time, they decide what material is necessary to support these plane 2 sentences.
2. Comments:
A paragraph that has sentences that do not relate to or discuss the controlling idea lacks unity. The topic of this paragraph is “another problem facing a number of elderly people,” and the control-ling idea is “living on a reduced income”. Therefore, all of the sentences should deal with the idea of the problem of living on a reduced income. In the paragraph, though, there are three sentences that do not discuss this particular topic’“Of course, sometimes they can’t go out because of their health. Maybe they have arthritis or rheumatism and it is painful for them to move around. This can also change their life--style”. These sentences should be taken out of this paragraph and perhaps developed in another paragraph.
Key to Supplementary Readings
A 1. A 2.
B 3. D 4. B 5. C
B l.B 2.
C 3.
D 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.A.
课文参考译文:
抚养孩子
1. 人们一般认为孩子最初几年的经历对其性格以及以后个性的培养影响很大。每一种经历都
会教给孩子一些
东西，而且其影响也在日积月累。抚养通常指在家里对孩子的培养和锻炼；这和学校对孩子的培养和锻炼密切相关。二者之间的区别则在于学校所做的通常被称为“教育”。在我们的社会里，家长与教师都要对孩子今后的发展负责，因而父母的抚养和学校的教育相辅相成、缺一不可。
2. 由于各种文化间的差异，抚养和教育孩子的观念和做法不尽相同。一般说来，社会中农业所占的比重越大，
抚养孩子的方法也就越相同。在科技更发达的社会里，童年和青少年时期往往大大延长，结果儿童就有更多的受教育的机会，儿童性格的发展就更多样化。
3. 早期的家庭抚养自然受社会文化模式、父母自身能力和他们培养孩子目标的影响，同时不仅受到孩子抚养
和教育的制约，还受孩子先天能力的制约。即使在同一个家庭里成长的孩子，其智力和性情都存在着巨大的差异。
4. 父母可以通过阅读某些儿童教育领域的科技知识图书，也可以通过与有孩子的亲朋好友比较抚养孩子的记
录，来弄清楚孩子的体格发育、正常的智力和社交能力的发展是否正常，尽管后者由于实例较少而没有前者获得的知识更具可靠性。
5. 然而有头脑的父母意识到每个家庭都有其独特的背景，不可能用严格的通用的模式来抚养孩子。在他们做
决策和解决问题时，一般性的知识仅供他们参考。例如怎样帮助孩子克服语言缺陷、如何解决孩子学走路较晚或者控制身体功能方面的问题，这时他们需要的是具体的建议。从广义上讲，抚养问题是各自家庭内部关系的问题，首要的是孩子与父母在一起要有安全感，这取决于父母双方对待孩子的态度要一致。
6. 所有的父母都要解决好自由和约束之间的关系。孩子越小，母亲就越要满足孩子的需要以免使他失望。母亲知道如果孩子的能力不能发挥出来，他日后的发展将会受到阻碍。小孩子需要玩泥、玩沙和玩水，允许他把东西弄得乱七八糟，这是孩子发现期的触摸阶段。而后再给孩子一些玩具和图书，这些东西给孩子身体带来的快乐比较少。应该注意的是孩子的每个阶段都建立在圆满完成前期活动的基础之上。
7. 孩子缺少某一个成长阶段或者没有充分经历该阶段的时候，他很有可能要重新经历这个时期来获取欠缺的
经验。一个好的家庭应该尽量为孩子创造各种生活环境，给他玩发条汽车和玩具火车，如果需要的话可以让他玩到任何年龄段。实际上这种做法是心理疗法的基础，医生们常用它治疗孩子的心理障碍，也是儿童诊所工作的基础。
8. 纪律教育是从托儿所开始的，即使最小的婴儿也要逐步教育他学会等待食物，按规定时间睡觉或起床。如果这个孩子感到他周围的世界温暖而友好，他就会慢慢接受这种教育，使自己的行为与这种要求相吻合。学会等待，尤其等待食物，这是抚养期的一个重要内容。在孩子还未懂得之前，不能对他们提出太多要求，只有这样，他们才能成功学会等待。
9. 每一个父母都会怀着急切的心情去观察孩子掌握的各种技能，如会说的第一句话、会走的
第一步或者会读会写的第一个字。他们常常希望孩子能超常发展，但是这往往增加了孩子的失败感和内心焦虑，而这种情况有可能发生在任何成长阶段。有的父母可能强迫孩子过早地自己上厕所，要求孩子阅读一些他根本不理解的东西。但是另一方面，如果一个孩子长期无人理会或失去学习的机会，他就会失去对生活的天生的热情和自己发现新事物的渴望。10. 共同学习是父母与孩子关系绵延的成功的源泉。通过共同玩耍，父母更了解孩子，孩子也能向父母学到更多的东西。共同玩的玩具和共同做的游戏都是帮助取得这种合作的途径，积木、拼板与字谜就是很好的例子。
11. 父母对待孩子的严格要求和溺爱程度有很大差别，有些父母可能在花钱方面要求特别严格，其他的则对晚上回家的时间、能否准时用餐或个人卫生方面比较苛求。总之，这种控制代表着父母的需要、社会的价值、孩子自己的幸福与健康。
12. 至于如何培养成长中孩子的道德规范问题，重要的是，家长在教育中要言行一致、朝令夕改不利于孩子的道德培养，父母应该懂得“身教重于言教”的道理。如果他们口是心非，言行不一，孩子就会变得无所适从，没有安全感，甚至在某种程度上有一种被欺骗的感觉。如果孩子突然意识到，在父母的品行和他们的信奉的道德之间存在着明显差距，孩子就会失望，这是很危险的。
Unit 6
l. Comprehension Check
i l.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B l0.A F
lI. V ocabulary Study
i 1. As a matter of fact 2. are plagued 3. versus 4. have been reflecting on 5. positive 6. is implementing
7.will enroll 8. has been enriched 9. Aspiration 10. academic 11.well-informed 12. commitment to ii l. relevance to 2. voiced 3. Plague 4. enhance 5. ret1ected 6. otherwise 7. aspirations 8. rated 9. Strengthened l0. has been declining
iii 1.d 2.c 3.f 4.h 5.g 6.c 7.a 8.b
lII. Cloze
l.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.A l0.D
ll.C 12.B l3.A l4.B l5.D l6.B l7.B 18.C l9.C 20.B
lV. Translation
通过英语考试会增加你获得这个职位的机会。
l. Passing the English examination should enhance your chances of getting the post.
山谷里发现了黄金，这会使这个贫穷的山区富起来。
2.The discovery of gold in the va1leys will enrich the poor mountain area.
3.
在警察让她面对证据时她才承认偷了钱。
3. Only when the police confronted her with evidence did she admitted that she had sto1en the money.
这次集会将使你有机会听到大演说家的演说。
4.The meeting wi1l afford you an opportunity of hearing good pub1ic speakers
官方的声明消除了大家对于这一行业可能裁员的忧虑。.
5. An official statement laid to rest the remaining fears about possible redundancies in the industry. 玛丽相当聪明。实际上，她的老师对我说过，她今年肯定能升入大学。
6. Mary is Pretty bright. As a matter of fact, her teacher told me that she is certain to get a university place this year.
V. Writing Practice
l. l) Computers are advanced machines that can store and recall information at very high speed. Computers are easy and interesting to use; however, some people are afraid of computers. I used to be afraid of computers, too, because of the fear of failure and because I knew nothing about Programming. But actually 2) When we were very young, we believed that parents could do no wrong. Indeed, they seemed to us to be perfect human beings who knew all the answers to our problems and who cou1d solve any problems that 3) Today's children are our future men and women. They will become the dominant force one day. If they receive proper guidance and have a nice childhood, they will contribute immeasurably to our society after they have grown up. In other words, today's children are going to
have a significant impact on our society in the future; therefore, 2.(略)
Key to supplementary reading
A l.D 2.D 3.C 4.
B 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.D
B l.F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.T 7.T 8.F 9.T l0.T
参考译文
社会服务经历时大学生的影响
琳达J 萨克斯
大学期间，参加社会服务的学生比不参加社会服务的学生更能提高自己的领导能力和社交方面的自信。l 当前对高等教育最迫切的要求是它能重新担负起其最初的使命，即培养广闻博见、独立思考、社会意识强的公民。
2高等教育究竟该怎样才能做到既能进一步提高学生的公民意识，又能解决仍在困扰社会的诸多问题呢？3一种解决方案在于大学的课程设置，即把“社会服务学习”作为简单但强有力的教育工具．“服务学习”的深层含义就是运用社区或公共服务经验来提高传统课堂教学内容的意义和影响，把社会服务直接同教学内容结合在一起，这与通常所说的“自愿者”到社区服务是完全不同的、“社会服务学习”也不意味着简单地把一班学生送到社区去以获取额外的学分设计合理的“社会服务学习”课程是把社区服务经历同课堂内容联系在一起，并要求学生以书面、讨论或课堂发言的形式对自己的经历进行认真的思考。通过给学生提供机会，使他们能在现实社会中“验证“或“证明”抽象的理论。“社会服务学习”课程不仅丰富了传统的教学内容，而且为社会服务提供了知识基础；使其提高了服务质量。
4 在任何一个学术领域中；“社会服务学习”都能够推广起来、例如，学心理学的学生就可以为那些处于危险状态的中小学生提供咨询、指导和戒毒教育的服务。为考察学生成绩和社区服务经验的关系，我们对大学生35门课程的学习成绩进行了以下几方面的考察：公民责任感、学术成就和生活能力。最明显的结果是：参加社会服务学习活动对学生35门课程的成绩都产生了良好影响。
公民责任感
5在公民责任感方面，社会服务的影响最强、例如，在要求学生回答入学以来他们的“社区服务贡献意识”是如何改变的时候，许多参加社会服务的学生在跟踪调查的问卷中回答他们的社会服务贡献意识比上大学一年级时“增强”或者“比以前强多了”，这个人数是不参加社会服务的两倍多（60％比28％）、对学生们的近期计划的问卷结果也同样受人关注；比不参加社会服务者多3倍的社会服务参加者（39％比9％）表示，他们准备在这个秋季去从事自愿者工作。此外，在大学期间参加社会服务的学生比那些不参加社会服务的学生更有可能加强他们在下列生活目标上的贡献意识：促进种族间的理解、参加社区行动计划项目和影响社会价值观念。
学业成就
6反对在大学期间自愿参加社会服务的最普遍的呼声也许是认为社会服务占去了学生的时间和精力，否则,学生会用这些时间和精力去做学术研究、这一争论已随着我们纵向分析结果的出现而平息。因为分析结果表明川门学习成绩都受到社会服务显著的正面影响。分析表明，尽管从学生的平均积分点看；对他们直接的收益很小——大约为一个积分点，但事实上其影响是积极的，从统计学角度来看很显著。在那些高中成绩至少是平均B+的学生中，69％的参加社会服务的学生（同56％的不参加社会服务的学生相比）能在大学保持至少平均B+的成绩；在那些入学时成绩为B或低于平均分的学生中，27％的参加社会服务的学生（同19％不参加社会服务的学生相比）能在大学至少将成绩提高到平均为B+．
7 有意义的是，在基础知识方面，在某一领域或学科知识方面，以及在准备攻读研究生学位或专业学位方面，参加社会服务的学生比那些不参加社会服务的学生更有可能说大学期间他们有了“较强”或“强得岁’的变化。参加社会服务的学生比那些不参加社会服务的学生往往学的课程更多一些、最后，社会服务活动后的调查分析表明，尽管两组学生在攻读博士学位或高级专业学位方面的愿望和活动前的调查分析相比都有所下降，但那些不参加社会服务的学生下降程度更大些。
生活能力
8在生活能力上，从所分析的8门课程成绩看，参加社会服务的学生比那些不参加社区服务的学生表现出更为积极的变化、其中最大的变化在于对社区问题的理解，对不同种族／文化的认识，对不同种族／文化的认可，以及人际交往能力的提高、其他有益的变化还包括对这个国家的社会问题的理解，合作能力、解决社会冲突问题的能力以及严谨思考的能力的提高。
9 参与社会服务的现实价值进一步显示在令学生满意的三个积极作用上：提供领导机遇、课堂教学与日常生活密切联系、为将来的择业做好准备。最后，在大学期间，参加社会服务的学生社交自信和领导能力比那些不参加社会服务的学生都提高得快．事实上，在参加社会服务的学生自我评价领导能力提高的同时，那些不参加社会服务的学生却表明了在这方面的能力略有下降。
An Integrated English Course One Translation Unit 1 (1) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk. (2) Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. (3) To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. (4) According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game. (5) Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word. (6) We have passed all the relevant information on to the police. (7) There/It is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won’t answer. (8) It was a mistake on Jim’s part to sign the contract without reading it carefully. (9) They refused to provide us with all the information we need. (10) This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago. (11) The film is based on a play by/of Shakespeare. (12) If you have a good command/mastery of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job/in job-hunting. Unit 2 (1) Many teachers frowned on this practice. (2) An old man glared at me when I was trying to cut across the lawn. (3) When I mentioned my father, she showed a smile of recognition on her face. (4) My firstborn was quite obedient, whereas my younger child was very stubborn. I can still recall now how the younger child insisted on going abroad to study after he finished his secondary school. (5) Countries in South East Asia sustained great losses when the tsunami struck the area. (6) Every time the mother tries to compare the younger brother with his elder brother, the younger one will protest. (7) He found himself unable to fit in with his classmates when he first came to this school. (8) The fury on her face terrified me. I dared not say no to her again. (9) No wonder you ended up in trouble. You never followed your parents’ advice. (10) It took him two years to adapt to the new environment Unit 3 (1) William likes the girl a lot so he tries very hard to impress her and is optimistic that he will win her heart. (2) He is very creative and has a good vision of the future, but he likes to keep things to himself. (3) They came from a poor village where people were shut off from modern civilization. (4) We must work hard and make an effort to achieve the goals that we have set. (5) We should learn to be content with all that we have and should not be too critical about things around us.
U1: 1. 他对这次面试中可能提到的问题做好了准备。（confront） He has well prepared answers to the questions that he might confront with in the interview. 2. 他悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们，使我们几乎哭出声（touch） His sad story touched us so deeply that we nearly cry. 3. 他们俩手挽着手沿着河边散步，有说有笑。（hand in hand） They walked hand in hand along the river, chatting and laughing. 4. 听到这令人激动的消息之后，他眼睛里涌出欢乐的泪水。（well up） Tears of joy welt up in his eyes after hearing this exciting news. 5. 上海人容易听懂苏州话，因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。（in common） The people of SH can understand Suzhou hua easily as they have many things in common. 6. 亨利和妻子正在考虑能不能在3年内买一幢新房子。（look into） Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house. 7. 女儿再三请求到国外去深造，他最终让步了。（give in to） He finally gave in to his daughter repeated request studying abroad. 8. 我们在动身去度假之前把所有的贵重物品都锁好了。（lock away） We have locked all the expensive things away before leaving for the holiday. 9. 虽然咱们分手了，但我希望咱们依然是好朋友，像以前一样互相关心，互相帮助。（part）Although we have parted from each other, I hope we will remain good friends to care and help each other just like we did in the past. 10. 在紧急关头，军长召集全体军官开会，制定新的克敌战略战术。（summon） At that critical moment, the army leader summoned all the officers to work out strategies and tactics to fight with enemies. U3： 1.对不起，我迟到了，我刚才在开会脱不开身。（get away） Sorry, I’m late; I was at a meeting and could not get away. 2. 在音乐会上，歌手唱完每一首美妙动听的歌曲时，观众便高声喝彩表示赞赏。（appreciation）At the concert whenever a singer finished singing a beautiful song, the audiences would burst into loud cheers to show their appreciation. 3. 她是个穿着时髦的人，对饮食很少讲究。（stylish） As a stylish dresser, she always wears stylish clothes, but she seldom cares about what she eats and drinks. 4. 护士告诉我医生奇迹般地治好了你的心脏病。（do wonders for）The nurse told me that the doctor had done wonders for your heart disease. 5. 主席颁奖时赞美获奖者为人类做出了巨大贡献。（compliment） When awarding the prize, the chairman complimented the winner on the great contribution to mankind. 6. 这个问题许多年来使专家们迷惑不解。（bother） These problems have bothered the experts many years. 7. 警察到达后，示威的人群逐渐散开了。（melt away） The crowd of demonstrators melted away when the police arrived.
新职业英语2_通用版_U n i t1——U n i t8_ 课后翻译题答案
1.公司所有规章制度都应严格遵守。(observe) All the company rules and regulations must be strictly observed. 2.和这些同学在一起我们应随便一些。(casual) We should be casual when we stay with these students. 3.上述所说的是一些在职场环境中非常有用的交际技能。The above-mentioned are some communication skills that are very useful in an office setting. 4.我们有一个专业的团队来营销我们的产品。(professional) We have a professional team to market our products. 5.你知道今秋流行黑衣服吗？(trendy) Do you know black clothes will be trendy this fall? 6.与其求人，不如求己。(rely on) We would rather rely on ourselves instead of seeking help from others. 7.新车必须符合国家标准。(comply with) New vehicles must comply with national standards. 8.我们公司的一些年轻人可能会来寻求你的建议。(seek) Some young people in our company may come to seek your advice 1.我把咖啡洒了一桌。(spill)
新世纪大学英语第二版综合教程一英语课后翻译主编秦秀 白蒋静仪 Translation in Unit1 (1)法官要求记者不要公开受害人的姓名。(disclose) The judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim. (2)老师费尽苦心务必使我们全都理解他的话，(take pains to do sth) The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said. (3)最近学校在学业优秀的学生中进行了一项调查。(conduct， attain) Recently the school conducted a survey among those students who have attained academic excellence. (4)他说他要接受这份工作，我们要求他写封信证实。(confirm) He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to confirm his acceptance by writing us a letter. (5)乔治学习很努力，他要尽量利用学习的机会。(make the most of) George studies very hard. He wants to make the most of his chance to learn. (6)我们不能去。第一，天气太冷。另外，我们正忙着。(to begin with) We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold. Besides, we’re busy. (7)该是有人公开讲清楚这些基本事实的时候了。(speak up) It’s about time that someone spoke up for these basic truths/facts. (8)此时此刻你应该工作而不该在床上躺着。(instead of) You should be working instead of lying there in bed at this time of the day. (9)他发言时，我要记些笔记。(jot down)
Unit1 翻译 1) 发言人（spokesman）明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消（cancel）这次旅行。 The spokesman made it clear that the President would not cancel the trip under any circumstances. 2) 杰克对书架上那些书一本也不了解，所以他的选择是很随意的。 Jack didn't know anything about any of the books on the bookshelf, so his choice was quite arbitrary. 3) 随后发生的那些事件再次证明了我的猜疑（suspicions）是对的。(confirm) The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again. 4) 我认为我们应该鼓励中学生在暑假找临时工作。 I think we should encourage high school students to find temporary jobs / employment during their summer holidays. 5) 令我们吃惊的是，这位常被赞为十分正直的州长（governor）竟然是个贪官（corrupt official）。 To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty turned out to be a corrupt official. 6) 少数工人得到提升（be promoted），与此同时却有数百名工人被解雇。 A few workers were promoted, but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed. 7) 如果有机会，约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家了。(given) Given the chance, John might have become an outstanding painter. 8) 数小时后，有人看见那个男孩在林子里瞎转。 Several hours later, the boy was found wandering around in the woods. Unit2 翻译 迅速方便地获得信息是很重要，但学会以新的方式看信息甚至更为重要。医学上一次重大突破也许能说明这一观点。科学家本想寻找一种治天花的特效药，但他们没有成功。英国医生爱德华·詹纳放弃寻找特效药，而是通过找到一种
1.公司所有规章制度都应严格遵守。(observe) All the company rules and regulations must be strictly observed. 2.和这些同学在一起我们应随便一些。(casual) We should be casual when we stay with these students. 3.上述所说的是一些在职场环境中非常有用的交际技能。The above-mentioned are some communication skills that are very useful in an office setting. 4.我们有一个专业的团队来营销我们的产品。(professional) We have a professional team to market our products. 5.你知道今秋流行黑衣服吗(trendy) Do you know black clothes will be trendy this fall 6.与其求人，不如求己。(rely on) We would rather rely on ourselves instead of seeking help from others. 7.新车必须符合国家标准。(comply with) New vehicles must comply with national standards. 8.我们公司的一些年轻人可能会来寻求你的建议。(seek) Some young people in our company may come to seek your advice 1.我把咖啡洒了一桌。(spill) I spilt coffee all over my desk. 2. 会上要求我们每个人都提出建议。(contribute) We were all asked to contribute ideas at the meeting.
UNIT1 1. His dream of becoming a football star faded out as time went by. 2. A Boeing 747 aircraft didn't gain enough height to climb the mountain. In a twinkling, it crash into the mountain and blew up .No one survived in the accident. 3. Students have easy access to the resource in the library, so they are supposed to make the best of it. 4. Titanic, the most luxurious ship in the world at the time, hit an iceberg when she was under the way to the US. Consequently, the ship sank into Atlantic Ocean and thousands of people died in this shipwreck. 5. Every summer, all the tourists pour into this famous beach, they packed like sardines on the beach to enjoy the sunshine. 6. They have been to St.Louis once and have a vague general knowledge of its wonders, but the day of their glory was over now, they lapsed into a humble silence and learn to disappear when the ruthless engineer approached. Unit 2 1. Some cyber gurus claim that internet will prevent wars reduce pollution and combat various of inequality. 2. Although, internet can undeniable fosters communication, it will not put an end to wars. Since wars are by no means cause by the failure of different people to understand each other equality. 3. The internet can help reduce energy consumption and pollution, only if doing things online replace real-world activities. 4. The poor are not shunning the internet because they cannot afford it the problem is that they lack the skills to exploit it efficiently, therefore, it make more sense to improve universal literacy than universal. 5. Thanks to internet, income inequality between people doing similar jobs in different countries has been reduced. However, the inequality between information works in poor countries and their poorest compatriots has been increased. 6. If human nature remains stubbornly unchanged, despite the claims of the techno-prophets, humanity cannot simply invent away it UNTT 3 1. Many studies indicate that desert air is so dry that it contains any moisture. 2. Although the children form age 5 to 16 must go to school in Britain according to the laws, about 1% of the children still can not read when they have primary school. 3. After heared the news, I knew I fell restless again within a fortnight. 4. We think unanimously to answer the question, we must look more closely at the faces. 5. Though out the world, government at all levels are taking effectively measures to prevent environment pollution. 6. Some people think that the objective items, such as multiple choices, should be used for an examination, others do not agree, because they believe that this kind test has some bad effect on students leaning.
1.你认为一个人要做些什么才能成为一个幸福的人？ What do you think one can do to be a happy person? 2. 自从她去年离开上海去重新过她的农村生活后，我的心里一直很失落。Since she left Shanghai and resumed her life in the country last year, a void has found its way into my heart. 3. 我甚至没想过他会中头奖。 It didn't even cross my mind that he would win the first prize. 4. 我是在大城市长大的，忙忙碌碌的生活对我不再新鲜了。 I grew up in a big city, so the rat race is no longer new to me. 6. 教书是一个重要的职业——一个令人神往的职业，充满挑战和激情。Teaching is an important profession—a fascinating one, filled with challenges and excitement. 7. 如果这位科学伟人还活着的话，毫无疑问他会扩充他的定义，把最新的研究成果If the great scientist were still alive today, he would no doubt expand his definition to include the latest research findings. 8. 解决国与国之间争端的最好的办法是通过联合国。The best way to solve disputes between countries is through the United Nations. 9. 大工厂生产的产品正在替代小工场生产的产品。 Goods produced by big factories are taking the place of the goods produced by small workshops. 10. 这事件可能产生的后果应予以认真考虑。 The likely consequences of the incident need to be reflected on/upon. 11. 他差点解决了这个问题。He was within an inch of solving the problem. 12. 假如你要把财产转让给他人，须使他成为合法产权人 If you want to transfer your property to someone, you should first make him the legal owner of it. 13. 自从公司迁到这个地区以来，已有数十台电脑被盗，公司决定采取措施制止盗窃。More than ten computers have been stolen since the company moved to this area, so the company decided to take action to stop it. 14. 形势要求政府立即作出反应，否则，重大损失将不可避免。
新职业英语2 通用版Unit1——Unit8 课后翻译题答案 ============================================================================================ Unit1 1.公司所有规章制度都应严格遵守。(observe) All the company rules and regulations must be strictly observed. 2.和这些同学在一起我们应随便一些。(casual) We should be casual when we stay with these students. 3.上述所说的是一些在职场环境中非常有用的交际技能。(setting) The above-mentioned are some communication skills that are very useful in an office setting. 4.我们有一个专业的团队来营销我们的产品。(professional) We have a professional team to market our products. 5.你知道今秋流行黑衣服吗？(trendy) Do you know black clothes will be trendy this fall? 6.与其求人，不如求己。(rely on) We would rather rely on ourselves instead of seeking help from others. 7.新车必须符合国家标准。(comply with) New vehicles must comply with national standards. 8.我们公司的一些年轻人可能会来寻求你的建议。(seek) Some young people in our company may come to seek your advice -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. Unit 2 1.我把咖啡洒了一桌。(spill) I spilt coffee all over my desk. 2. 会上要求我们每个人都提出建议。(contribute) We were all asked to contribute ideas at the meeting. 3. 水果在运送时容易腐烂。(perishable) Fruits are perishable during transportation. 4. 负责的军官在战斗中受了重伤。(in charge) The officer in charge was wounded badly in the battle. 5. 显然那间公寓一直没有人住。(apparently) Apparently, no one has been living in that flat. 6. 他在退休之前领到了一笔补偿金。(payoff) He got a payoff before the retirement. 7. 经理正在把工作分配给几个工作人员。(assign) The manager is assigning the work to several clerks. 8. 他们正在努力寻找和平解决这种冲突的方法。(solution) They are working hard to find a peaceful solution to the conflict. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Unit 3 1.你得确保你已为未来的工作做好了准备。(ensure) You need to ensure that you are fully prepared for your future job. 2.在他们的帮助下，我们最后完成了我们的任务。(accomplish)
U1 What I didn’t count on was that over time I would sincerely take pride in being a social worker. 我不曾想到，随着时间的流逝，我果真以身为社工而自豪 Shooting a quick look at the clock on the wall, Grandma let out a cry, “Oh, My dear，we’re going to miss the train!” 奶奶迅速瞥了一眼墙上的时钟，发出一声惊呼：天呐，我们要赶不上火车了 At the kindergarten entrance, I always see some kids holding firmly on to their parents. Should young parents be sterner towards their kids and leave immediately under these circumstances? 我总在幼儿园门口看到一些孩子抓住父母不让走，请问在这种情况下，年轻的父母是否得对孩子严厉些，赶紧离开 In the dim street light stood a weeping little girl/ a girl weeping. 昏暗的路灯下站着一个哭泣的小女孩 When making donations, rich people should be as considerate as possible in order not to put the recipient in an embarrassing situation. 富人捐款时要尽量考虑周全，不要让受赠者陷入难堪境地 Since last month, my work has been revolving around the routine office duties, so now I am counting the days until the National Day comes, when my friends and I are going hiking in the countryside. 从上个月起，我的工作就是围绕日常办公事务转，所以现在每天掰着手指算什么时候才到国庆节，我和朋友要去乡下远足。 1).无论是友情还是爱情，你都不可能期待自己付出最少而得到最多。（maximum） In either friendship or love, you should never expect to take the maximun while you give the minimum. 2) 我把全部希望寄托在他的承诺上，结果却发现他根本不是个真诚的人。 I built all my hopes on his promise(s), only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all. 3)我们带母亲去了所有我们能找到的最好的医院，但一切努力都是徒劳的，母亲还是没能熬过那次疾病。（in vain） We took Mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all our efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease. 4) 情人节（Valentine’s Day）是个一年一度在2月14日庆祝的节日，一个向自己心仪的对象表达爱意的好日子。（affection） Valentine’s Day is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14, a perfect day to express love to the object of your affection. 5)在信息时代，通过电子邮件方式跟远方的朋友交流几乎可以是同步的（simultaneous）（era；via） In the information era, communications with far-away friends via e-mail can be almost simultaneous. . (6)爱情需要培养，我们梦想拥有“永恒的爱情”只有在双方学会欣赏对方，包容对方之后才可能缔造 Love needs to be nurtured and eternal love that we all dream to have is not forged until we learn to appreciate and tolerate the other the other’s company and learned to appreciate the other.
21世纪大学英语读写教程(第三册)课后句子翻译答案(Unit 1~7) Unit 1 l汤姆去年转来我校，他全神贯注地听杨小姐上课并很快成了她最喜欢的学生。Tom (was) transferred to our school last year. He hung no Miss Y oung’s every word in class and soon became the apple of her eye. 2看到女儿高中毕业，他感到一阵难以弄语言表达的爱和骄傲。 Seeing his daughter graduate from high school, he felt a surge of love and pride that he couldn’t express in words. 3当李先生去年开始涉足股市时，他做梦也没想到会变成百万富翁。 Last year when Mr. Li first began his venture into the stock market, becoming a millionaire was beyond his wildest dreams. 4在休假日，我有幸看到一些野生海豹在吃鱼。我拍了几张照片，可惜焦点都没对准。 On my holiday, I was lucky enough to witness some wild seals feeding no fish. I took several photos of them, but unfortunately they were all out of focus. 5王子跟那位女演员保持确定的情侣关系已三年。没有任何东西能改变他们在下周结婚的决定。 The prince has been going steady with the actress for three years and nothing can alter their plan to get married next week. 6因为穷人连饭都吃不饱便认为他们不需要义务教育的看法完全是一种错误的想法。没有教育人们怎能克服贫穷？ It is a complete misconception that the poor do not need compulsory education because they do not even have enough to feed on. Without education, how can people ever overcome their poverty? 7大卫所有的同班同学都困惑不解——没有人想得出他怎么突然变成了优等生。All of David’s classmates are completely stumped—no one can work out how he became a top student overnight.
Unit 1 1.这个村子离边境很近，村民们一直担 心会后受到敌人的攻击。 The village is so close to the border that the villagers live in constant fear of attacks from the enemy. 2.这个国家仅用了20年的时间就发展 成了一个先进的工业强国。 In only 20 years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power. 3.这个公司已经发展成为这个地区主要 的化工生产基地之一。 This company has evolved into one of the major chemical manufacturingbases in this region. 4.鉴于目前的金融形式，美元进一步贬 值是不可避免的。 Given the current financial situation,it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued. 5.政府号召市民就控制水污染问题献计 献策，但响应却不强烈。 The government’s call for suggestions about the control of water pollution produced very little response from the citizens. 6.天气没有出现好转的迹象,所以政府 号召我们做好防洪的准备。 The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods. 7.科学家曾一度认为没有比原子更小的 东西了，但现在大多数人都知道原子 是由更小的粒子构成的。 At one time scientists thought that there was nothing smaller than an atom but now most people know that an atom consists of even smaller particles. 8.这些同学对世界杯十分关注，每天至 少花两个小时看比赛的现场直播。 The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup,spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV. 9.因为得不到贷款，无法按时开业，这 家百货商店损失惨重。 The department store lost out because loans were very hard to come by and it could not start business on time. 10.我们不能到那里散步,因为那里有一 个海军基地,禁止游客进入。 We can’t go there for a walk because there is a navy base there,which is off limits to tourists. Unit 2 1.他的确懂得很多的理论，但是，一碰 到实际工作就显得非常无知。 He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, he seems to be quite ignorant. 2.最新调查表明，大多数市民支持政府 再建一个新图书馆的计划。 The latest survey shows / showed that the majority of the citizens support / supported the government’s plan to build a new library. 3.这两个国家之所以能够成功地达成科 学技术合作协定是因为有利于他们进 行合作的好几种因素一直在发挥作用。 The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific and technological cooperation because several factors favorable to their cooperation had been at work. 4.我在上小学时就看过那部电影，可就 是一时想不起它的名字来。 I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title j ust won’t come to mind for the moment. 5.尽管他每天平均工作12个小时，他仍 然限于重重债务之中。 He has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about twelve hours every day on average. 6.有必要知道他的身高吗？在我看来， 这与他能否成为一个好的律师没有关 系。 Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is not relevant to whether he can be a good lawyer or not. 7.橱柜被安装到墙里，既节约空间，使 用起来又方便。 The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and is convenient to use. 8.这些工人挣的钱比我们多，可话又说 回来，他们的工作也危险得多。 These workers earn more than we do, but the other side of the coin is their job is more dangerous. 9.海伦在大学里学的是经济学,与此同 时她把哲学作为第二专业来学习。 Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studies philosophy as her second major. 10.重要的是你们要自己发现问题和解决 问题，我是否到现场去无关紧要。 What is most important is that you must find out and solve the problems by yourselves. It makes no difference whether I go there or not. Unit 3 1.大多数人都坚持法庭一定会严惩那些 银行抢劫犯。 Most people strongly believe that the court will no doubt punish the bank robbers severely. 2.在为治疗这种疾病而进行的长期探索 中，医疗工作者客服了一个有一个困 难。 The medical workers overcame one difficulty after another in their long-term quest for a cure for the disease. 3.根据所获得的情报，警察封锁了街道 并且抓获了抢劫银行的罪犯。 Acting on the information they received, the police closed off the streets and caught the bank robbers. 4.听说这家刚建成的电视机厂第一年就 能生产50万台电视机，我们都感到惊 讶。 We were amazed at learning that the newly-built TV factory can produce 500,000 TV sets in the first year. 5.政府正在调查这么多人下岗的原因， 并设法帮助下岗工人再就业。 The government is looking into the causes of so many layoffs and is trying to help the laid-off workers to be re-employed. 6.为了扩大产品的销售，这家公司采取 多种措施，开拓市场，改进服务。 To expand the sales of its product, the company has taken up various measures to open up new markets and to improve its services. 7.他的学习荒废到如此程度，要在一个 月赶上别的同学恐怕是不可能的。 He has neglected his studies to such an extent that I am afraid it is impossible for him to catch up with the other students in a month. 8.那家烟花爆竹厂由于未能遵守政府的 安全条例上个月关门了。 The fireworks factory was closed last month for failing to comply with the government safety regulations. 9.我们的足球队能否战胜对手，还要等 到比赛结束后才知道。 It remains to be seen whether our football team can beat its opponents. 10.史密斯先生预言，新近发现的石油储 藏再加上新技术的利用，会让原油的 价格降下来。 Mr. Smith predicted that the recent oil discoveries, together with the use / employment of new technologies, would lead to a decline in the price of crude oil. Unit 4 1.随着她个人生活的细节越来越多地被 媒体披露出来，她不得不辞去公司总 经理的职务。 As more and more details of her private life were disclosed by the media, she was compelled to resign from the post of general manager of the company. 2.她对自己的新工作很满意，因为这份 工作正好与她的兴趣相符。 She is very satisfied with her new job as it coincides with her interests. 3.我买了这件衬衣，因为它的价格从300 元减到了80元。 I bought this shirt because the price was reduced from 300 yuan to 80 yuan. 4.为了把孩子们抚养成人，这位母亲真 是经历了各种磨难。 To bring her children up, the mother really went through all kinds of hardships. 5.警方在老太太的死亡案中已经排除了 他杀的可能性。 The police have ruled out murder in the case of the old lady’s death. 6.市政府承诺将尽快采取有效的措施， 解决空气污染的问题。 The municipal government promised to take effective steps as soon as possible to solve the problems of air pollution. 7.因为腿部受伤，我没有参加上个月学 校举行的网球锦标赛。 I did not go in for the Campus Tennis Championships held last month because of my injured leg. 8.要是能得到大多数女生支持的话，你 赢得选举成为学生会主席的机会是很 大的。 If you can get the support of the majority of the girls, you stand a good chance of winning the election and becoming Chairman of the Students Union. 9.他写的书并非都像这一本这么成功， 所以我建议你从图书馆把它借来读一 下。 Not all the books he wrote were as successful as this one so I recommend that you borrow it from the library and read it. 10.在2004年雅典奥运会上刘翔打破男 子110米跨栏世界记录，获得冠军这 个记录以前是由一个美国运动员保持 的。 At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games Liu Xiang won the championship of the men’s 110-meter hurdles and broke the world record, which had been previously held by an American athlete. Unti 5 1.他试图拯救这家濒临倒闭的企业，但 失败了。 He attempted to save the enterprise which was on the venge of collapse but failed. 2.总统已经宣布，在第一个任期结束时 不再谋求连任。 The president has announced that he will not seek re-election at the end of his first term. 3.那个年轻教师在激发学生努力学习方 面很有技巧。 The young teacher is skilled at motivating his students to study hard. 4.她喜欢举行社交聚会，只要能找到借 口，她就随时举办。 She loves giving parties and does so whenever she can find an excuse. 5.要在这家公司找到一个管理职位，你 恐怕至少要和50个人竞争。 I’m afraid that you’ll have to compete with at least fifty people for an administrative post in this company. 6.坦率地说，就算你对公司很忠诚，我 觉得你得到提拔的机会也不大。 To be frank, I don’t think you stand a good chance of getting promoted even if you are loyal to the company. 7.很显然，他的演讲激发了观众对地震 灾难中受害者的极大同情。 It was obvious that his speech aroused the sympathy of the audience for the victims of the earthquake. 8.尽管他反复向我保证他有能力推销我 们公司的产品，但在雇佣他之前我还 要在面试他一次。 Though he has repeatedly assured me of his ability to promote our company’s products, I’ll give him another interview before hiring him. 9.公司的投资之所以以失败而告终是由 于总经理的决策错误，于是董事会决 定把他从公司赶出去。 The company’s investment ended in failure due to the wrong strategic decisions of the general manager and so the board of directors decided to throw him out. 10.我知道你累了，不过再坚持一会儿吧。 再过半个小时我们就要到达顶峰了。 I know you are tired but try to hang on a little bit longer. We will reach the peak in half an hour.