住房的花费是最大的，紧接着是食品的花费。
Housing is the largest expenditure, food coming a close second.
这项研究表明，在11个州中，路易斯安那州的贫困率最高，接着是北卡罗莱纳州。
The study claims that in the 11 states, Louisiana has the highest poverty rate, followed by North Carolina.
2012年，中国的公司是排在美国公司之后的第二大风险投资接受方。（recipient, venture capital）
Chinese companies were the second largest recipients of venture capital after American ones in 2012.
地铁系统运载能力最小的城市是京都和华盛顿。（carrying capacities）
The metro systems with the smallest carrying capacities are in Kyoto and Washington DC.
比如，男女学生对在线学习写作都不太感兴趣。
For instance, both boy and girl students show little interest in studying writing online.
让我们以房价为例，27％的二手房比新房便宜。
Let’s take housing price as an example, 27% of old houses are cheaper than the new ones.
让我们以旅游业为证：2012年，直接旅游年收入构成了该国家GDP的6％。Let’s cite tourism as a proof: in 2012, direct tourism revenue made up 6% of the country’s GDP.
一个恰如其分的例子就是，在IPHONE的销售方面，30岁以下的人比60岁以上的人买得要多得多。
A case in point is with the sales of iPhones, people under 30 years old bought them much more than those above 60.
与其他花费相比，食品和住房消费总是最大的。
Compared with other expenditures, food and housing are always the largest. 除了2010年，A公司的变化没有其他两个公司的变化显著。
The change was less remarkable at Company A than the other two except for the year of 2010.
显然，那时对于有孩子的两种家庭，高于平均比例的家庭生活在贫困中。
It is noticeable that for both types of households with children, a
higher-than-average proportion was living in poverty at that time.
其他两家公司呈现出与B公司女性高管人数类似的模式。
The other two companies followed similar patterns to the number of women holding senior positions in Company B.
在此期间，英国人到国外旅游的主要目的是度假，其次是做生意，接着是拜访亲友，最后是其他原因。
Over the period, people in the UK travelled abroad with the main purpose of spending their holiday, and then doing business and visiting friends and relatives, followed by other reasons.
从2010年到2012年，交通和通信稳步增长了7％，然而其他项目下降了6％。(climb stably, dip by)
From 2010 to 2012, transport and communications climbed stably by 7%, while the other items dipped by 6%.
下降最大的是体力劳动者的就业率，从1970年占全国劳动力的61％下降到1990年只占20％。(the greatest drop is in)
The greatest drop was in manual labor employment rate, declining from 61% of the national workforce in 1970 to only 20% in 1990.
在1985年略微回落到19％之后，到2010年止，25％的管理层职位都是女性。
(a slight fall back to, management positions)
After a slight fall back to 19% in 1985, by 2010, women had held 25% of the management positions.
十年后，女高管的职位增长了6％，到2010年翻了一番。(ten years afterwards, twofold)
Ten years afterwards, there was a 6% increase in female senior positions, followed by a twofold jump in 2010.
在过去的十年中，拥有这三种电器的家庭的数量分别增加了8％、5％和2％。In the past ten years, the number of households with the three kinds of electric appliances went up by 8%, 5%, and 2% respectively.
Parts
focus Detailed Contents
Part One 大约30个词，即一两句话
对图表做总体介绍：研究对象、数据的表现形
式、所涉及的地区和时间。有时还介绍一些分
类。
Part Two 大约100词，十几句话。单图，
可以是一段。组合图，有几个
图写几段。
具体描述：根据不同图表的特点进行描述。例
如：展示趋势变化的图表，抓住起点、最低点、
最高点、交叉点和终点；对于展示不同研究对
象不同情况的图表，描述时要进行比较分析，
按照高、中、低顺序描述。
Part Three 大约30词，即一两句话
总结：这一段可写可不写。有概括和补充，有
必要写；只是重复前面的内容，不必写。
The graph below shows the quantities of goods transported in the UK between 1974 and 2002 by four different modes of transport.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
The graph illustrates the quantities of goods transported in the United Kingdom by four different modes of transport during the time period of 1974 and 2002. Over this span of 28 years, the quantities of goods transported by road, water and pipeline have all increased while the quantity transported by rail has remained almost constantat about 40 million tones.
The largest quantity of goods transported both in 1974 and 2002 was by road (70 million tones and 98 million tones respectively) while the lowest both in 1974 and 2002 was by pipeline (about 5 million tones and 22 million tones respectively). The amount of goods transported by water was constant from 1974 to 1978, where it showed an exponential growth, rising to almost60 million tones after which it plateaued for about 20 years before starting to rise gradually again.
The amount of goods transported by rail is almost constant at 40 million
tones in 1974 and 2002, with decreases in quantity in between the years. It is also interesting to note that almost all showed a decrease in 1994 in amount of goods transported except for the pipeline, which actually peaked in that year.
In conclusion the road remains the most popular method of transporting goods in the UK while water and pipelines are becoming increasingly used, have not become more popular as a method of transport.
The table above illustrates the results of a survey concerning the number of crimes among 100,000 persons in the US in six separate years:2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009 and 2011.
It is noticeable that although a decrease can be seen in all the three kinds of crimes, property crimes were considerably higher than the other two kinds of crimes.
Of the six years, violent crime rate peaked at 504.5 per 100,000 persons in 2001, but from then on, it declined continuously and plunged to a bottom of 403.6 per 100,000 persons in the last year of 2011.
Property crime rate follows similar pattern to violent crime rate. Over the eleven-year period, property crime rate continued to fall from 3,658 in 2001 to 2,941 in 2011.
It seems that homicide rate is almost negligible, compared with the other two kinds of crime rates. From 2001 to 2007, homicide rate fluctuated between 5.6 and 5.7 per 100,000 persons. From 2007 onwards, homicide rate experienced an obvious drop and hit a trough of 4.8 in 2011.
Overall, crime rates in the US were on the decline during the period in
question and reached an all-time low in 2011. Certainly the year 2011 was the safest year in this period.
Part I Multiple Choice(15%) Directions:There are 15 incomplete statements in this part. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best ONE to complete the statement. (1’x 15=15’) 1. According to the rules of writing a title, “__________” is correct. A. The Way To Improve Our English-Speaking Ability B. My View on the Negative Effects of Ads C. the Myth of a Negro Literature D. the war of Independence 2. Which of the following sentences has punctuation error? A. The alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly. B. The alarm clock sounded; the students got up quick. C. The alarm clock sounded. The students got up quickly. D. When the alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly. 3. __________ does not contain in the principles of “choice of words”. A. Accuracy B. Arbitrariness C. Appropriateness D. Conciseness 4. What kind of figures of speech(修辞格)is used in the sentence “This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.”? A. Metaphor B. Personification C. Simile D. Hyperbole 5. During the TV interview, the singer announced that he was going to _____his new album soon. A.release B. renew C. relieve D. rehearse 6. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, __________ to find it locked. A. only B. just C. hence D. thus 7. As I’ll be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate __________ from you now and then telling me how everyone is getting along. A. hearing B. to hear C. to be hearing D. having heard 8. An introductory paragraph should arouse the reader’s interest and __________ the main idea of the essay. A. ignore B. introduce C. develop D. emphasize 9. Which of the following sentences contains a dangling modifier? A. Coming up the hall, I heard the clock struck 10. B. While Wendy was driving on Greenwood Avenue yesterday afternoon, a tree began to fall toward her car. C. When I was ten, my grandfather died. D. None of the above. 10. Which one is not used as a transition word to give examples?
前沿学术英语论文题目参考 学术英语即专家学者、教授学生在学术论文研究与写作中使用的英语，学术英语具有科学严谨性，用词考究，论文写作中应避免英语口语化。接下来跟着小编一起来看看学术英语论文题目有哪些。 1、浅议系统功能语言学理论指导下的英语专业学术论文摘要的翻译 2、“教学学术”视角下开放大学英语教师专业发展的思考 3、课程生态需求分析模式下的“学术英语”课程定位 4、CBI理论视域下学术英语读写教学研究 5、基于微课的通用学术英语写作课翻转课堂教学模式设计与实践 6、基于课堂读写任务的学术英语写作引用特征研究 7、基于语类的英语学术论文写作教学路径研究--以“文献综述”写作教学为例 8、基于需求分析学术英语教学模式 9、学术英语阅读能力的界定与培养 10、学术英语的词块教学法研究 11、英语专业本科毕业论文学术失范现象的成因与对策 12、浅析批判性思维下大学学术英语课程模块的构建
13、关于中文学术期刊使用英语的规范性问题 14、医学学术英语口语课程构建的探索 15、学术英语写作中词汇衔接探究 16、学习者学术英语写作中的引用行为研究 17、浅探理工院校学术英语改革实践 18、学术论文写作中的英语负迁移现象研究 19、学术英语写作教学体系的构建与实践 20、学术英语口头报告对批判性思维的影响探究 21、“学术读写素养”范式与学术英语写作课程设计 22、中国高校学术英语存在理论依据探索 23、学术英语教育对大学生就业的影响研究 24、学术道德教育和学术英语能力一体化培养 25、非英语专业研究生学术英语交际能力现状与对策研究--以延安大学为例 26、关于研究生学术英语教学定位研究 27、理工科学术英语视野下的批判性思维能力培植 28、面向学术英语的实验平台建构与探索 29、学术英语有效教学 30、学术英语写作课程环境下的写前计划效应探究 31、元话语视角下英语学术论文中的转述动词与语类结构研究 32、基于自建语料库的学术英语中语块结构的研究 33、以学术英语为新定位的大学英语教学转型问题的对策研究
Unit 2 Initiating Research Objectives - Understand what a research is - Become aware of two language features of academic writing - Initiate your research Contents - Reading and discussion: What is a research? - Language focus: personal pronoun and nominalization - Writing practice: topic selection; focus formulating; a working title; outlining - Research practice: start the research 1.Reading Activity This unit aims to describe what a research is, bring you an awareness of two language features of academic writing, and finally help you initiate a research of your own. 1.1 Pre-reading Task Before you learn the detailed steps to initiate a research, please discuss the following questions: What is the purpose of initiating a research? How do you select the topic? What kind of topic can be studied?
英语写作试题（一） I. Supply the missing paragraph (20 points) The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided. Attaining Success in College Succeeding in college is not only important to getting and education, but also crucial in this day and age to success in the work place. To me, the three most important things for attaining a successful college experience are having smart classroom conduct, taking advantage of campus resources, and making college the first priority. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Making good use of campus resources is also of great importance to college success. The school library has many resources for the growth of the students’ mind. With computers and copy-machines for individual use, computer labs and writing labs are there not just for learning purposes but also for actual help with writing papers. The “office hours” will help the students build a close relationship with their professors and give them access to the professors’ mind. From the professors the students can acquire possible extra information that may put them ahead of their study. All these resources are free, since they are funded by student tuitions. So taking good advantage of the resources can only make the students’ education more attainable. Finally, any students who want to assure success must establish school as the top priority. Personally I have watched some students slowly loosen up; I have seen a pattern of partying and a lack of motivation. Many of the freshmen have no idea why they are in college, and their “eyes” often tell it all. This world is so rich in distractions that it is hard to keep a strong focus, especially if one is just starting his or her academic career. It is said that the first semester is often the most “unsuccessful” one. This certainly rings true for me. I made mistakes in this regard and eventually learned that, to achieve success, school must always be placed above other things. In my college experience, I have observed and learned how to achieve success. I wish someone had told me earlier the importance of having that smart classroom conduct, of fully utilizing the school resources, and of making college my top priority. Then, my college beginnings would not have been so rocky and tough. II. Write an outline (20 points) Read the following passage carefully and compose a “topic outline” for it. Smell Smell, as a means of nonverbal communication, is important. Odor communicates not only when we are face to face with another person, but also when the other personis not present. People from different cultures may have different attitudes toward body odors. Most people in the West respond negatively to what they consider bad odors such as body odor, breath odor, or
《英语学术论文写作》课程标准 课程名称：英语学术论文写作 课程类别：专业必修课 教学学时：32（理论） 课程学分：2 先行课程：基础英语，英语写作等 适用专业：英语专业 参考教材：1、《英语专业学术论文写作手册》，外语教育与研究出版社，2006年2月（主编：周开鑫） 2、《英语学术论文写作实用教程》，苏州大学出版社，2012年10月（主编：陈新仁） 3、《实用英语学术论文写作》，对外经贸大学出版社，2014年9月（主编：刘宇红） 4、《英语学术论文写作教程》，西南交通大学出版社，2014年12月（主编：李向武） 一、课程性质 《英语学术论文写作》是英语专业课程中的一门必修课。该课程着眼于培养学生发现问题，分析问题和解决问题的能力，通过指导学生选题可以培养学生的发现问题能力；通过指导学生搜集、整理资料可以培养学生分析问题的能力；通过撰写，修改论文可以培养学生解决问题的能力。本课程按照学术论文写作一般顺序：选题，搜集、整理资料，撰写大纲，撰写论文，修改论文，答辩等环节，系统讲授学术论文写作的基本方法和规范。学生通过对该课程的系统学习，不仅可以掌握学术论文写作的基本技巧和方法，而且可以为毕业论文的写作做好准备，为将来从事科研工作打好基础。 二、课程目标 开设该课程的目标是为了系统地对高校外语专业学生进行科学研究方面基本知识的传授和基本技能的训练，以提高高校外语专业学生的科研素质，锻炼他们运用所学专业知识观察、分析、解决实际问题的能力，以及撰写学术论文、表达学术见解、推进学科发展等其他能力，并为即将开始的毕业论文写作做好充分的知识准备。 三、教学内容及学时分配 课程内容包括论文的选题，资料搜集，毕业论文提纲的拟定，毕业论文的撰写、修改与答辩等。 该课程安排在第六学期，每周2个学时，总学时为32学时。教学具体安排如下：
电子科技大学 UNIVERSITY OF ELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF CHINA 硕士学位论文 MASTER THESIS （电子科技大学图标） 论文题目中继增强蜂窝网络中无线资源分配 技术的研究 学科专业通信与信息系统 学号200620101010 作者姓名 XXX 指导教师毛玉明教授
分类号密级 UDC注1 学位论文 中继增强蜂窝网络中无线资源分配技术的 研究 （题名和副题名） XXX （作者姓名） 指导教师毛玉明教授 电子科技大学成都 （姓名、职称、单位名称） 申请学位级别硕士学科专业通信与信息系统 提交论文日期2012.09.15论文答辩日期2012.11.20 学位授予单位和日期电子科技大学2012年12月27日 答辩委员会主席 评阅人 注1：注明《国际十进分类法UDC》的类号。
RESEARCH ON KEY TECHNIQUES OF RADIO RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN RELAY-ENHANCED CELLULAR NETWORKS A Master Thesis Submitted to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Major:Communication and Information Systems Author: X XX Advisor:Professor Mao Yuming School : School of Communication & Information Engineering
Unit 1 Understanding Academic English Objectives: - Learn the purpose of this course - Get to understand different voices that people often use in their communication - Understand features of academic English - Build your learning ability via the Internet - Meet your teacher and new classmates Contents - Teacher’s introduction - Reading and discussion: How’s your voice? - Language focus: word choice, and structural complexity - Writing practice: understanding different styles - Rewriting practice: consolidating academic English writing skills - Classroom extension: Internet survey on features of academic English
1.Reading Activity 1.1 Pre-reading Task Do you know how to write a paper with an academic voice? Most Chinese students use only the casual voice for their daily life purposes, which does not fit the academic writing style. When you can learn to use an academic voice and a formal writing style, you will gain authority and respect for yourself as a researcher as well as a research writer. Read the following three texts with different kinds of voice and tell what they differ in. 1.2 Reading Passage HOW’S YOUR VOICE? Casual Voice Hey, dude, no way you can sit here! Huzzah! We won! We beat ‘em! Ha! Blue Vampires. They think they’re so great. We showed ‘em. Go Aardvarks! Yuck! I hate broccoli with those nasty, stinkin’ mush-rooms. Why do we gotta have these things again, man?! www, we gotta cancel the Consultative Voice You’re not allowed to sit in this area, because it’s a safety concern. I’m so glad for our team, the great Fighting Aardvarks, and now together we celebrate this victory. I’d prefer not to have this particular vegetable again, if it’s possible. Does anyone really enjoy this combination of mushrooms and broccoli? It’s possible that our party might have to be postponed or canceled because of the Academic Voice This area must be kept clear for foot traffic. The Fighting Aardvarks claimed victory over the Blue Vampires in the final round tonight. Both teams competed well and the fans are enthusiastic. Very few people enjoy this broccoli and mushroom dish. Therefore, it will not be served again within this calendar year, or the servers will be killed. Due to the inclement weather, the Annual Tattoo Party will not
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试 英语写作基础试卷 课程代码：00597 全部题目用英文作答。 I.重写句子(15 points,1.5points each) Revise the following sentences according to the requirement. Example: The history of English words in the history of our civilization in many ways.(periodic sentence) In many ways, the history of English words is the history of our civilization. 1.I like roller-skating. I like ice-skating better.(compound sentence) 2.If you sit by the window facing the sun on a sunny winter day, you may feel nice and warm.(loose sentence) 3.Mary put the steak on the grill. The charcoal was burning evenly.(complex sentence) 4.His valuable papers were destroyed in the fire. Tom called the insurance company.(complex sentence) 5.I asked my friend if we should tip the driver when the bus tour ended.(periodic sentence) 6.Your uncle married my aunt. He is rich. She is poor.(simple sentence) 7.Jerry is smart. He should be able to handle eighteen credits this semester.(compound sentence) 8.I returned to school following a long illness. The math teacher gave me make-up work to do, but the history teacher made me drop her course.(compound-complex sentence) 9.Jack applied for a job. He went for an interview. He was hired.(parallel structure) 10.Meet me in the courtyard for dessert when you finish doing the dishes.(periodic sentence) II.改写病句(15 points,3 points each) Correct the errors in the following sentences. 11.The rain might last for a while, clouds covered the entire sky. 12.In the evening we would swim in the lake and dancing afterward. 13.That woman just bought her dog a milk shake in a red skirt. 14.To pass the course, your term paper must be handed in on time. 15.Harry wouldn’t make a good negotiator he doesn’t have the patience. III.标出主题句(15 points,5 points each) 16.Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the choice in the blank. A.I eat a lot of homemade ice cream. B.Homemade ice cream is my favorite.
学术论文写作课程总结 科研的进步在于科研工作之间交流，讨论，阅读。在第一节课，老师就告诉我们，面对全球众多的科研工作者来说，本领域学者之间的交流多以文字的形式进行。英语作为世界各国人们交流的一种流通语言，让那些非英语为母语和以英语为母语国家的科研人员不会对我们投稿的英语学术论文所要表达的内容产生歧义，才能达到学术交流与进步的目的。 在本次的英语学术论文写作课程学习中，我们组经历了第一次的细致分工，到以后的分工与合作相结合的进步。由于我的研究方向为InSAR监测矿区，在本次论文写作中主要负责我们‘空天地一体化矿区环境灾害监测’中D-InSAR监测矿区部分的实验以及数据分析的工作。同时，在小组汇报的过程中共同进行了第一部分Introduction 部分的汇报，完成了Authors and Keywords部分PPT的制作与汇报工作。从选择汇报PPT模板、搜集资料、总结资料，再到最后制作修改完成终稿，最后是台下的汇报演练，每个步骤的实践经历都给了我弥足珍贵的经验。 回首这学期本门课程的学习，我发现自己在慢慢地积累中有了很多的收获。首先，作为一个学制只有2年的工程硕士，在本学期已经完成了自己学位论文的开题工作，在下一个学期就要着手于自己学位论文的撰写工作。无论是发表期刊论文，还是撰写自己的学位论文，插入、添加参考文献都曾经是写作的一大难题。本次课程老师给我们介绍了几款文献管理器（Noteexpress，Endnote）。通过对文献管理器软件的学习与使用，让我熟悉了文献管理器，在本学期的其他专业课程中的论文写作中已经可以熟练使用，极大的方便了论文写作。其次，语料库的检索分析，制定自己论文写作方向，都对我的论文写作有着十分重要的作用。 接着就是自己关于学术论文写作方面的收获。从第一节课开始，老师给我们写学术论文的正确态度，给初入学术写作的我论文写作方面奠定了很好的基础。原来对英语论文的态度就是从中文的论文通过翻译软件直接进行翻译。在本次课程中，我们在老师的带领下，通过小组合作的形式，对introduction，methodology,results,conclusion等几个论文的主体部分，以及title，authors,abstract，keywords进行了细致的学习，理解了每个部分在论文中所起到的作用，以及写作这些部分的英文论文的时候所需要注意的时态语法主语人称等方面的问题。也让我明白，英语学术论文的写作，不应该是简单的中译英，而更重要的是自己的学术内容与思想能够清晰而又高效的传达出来，进而实现学术交流与提高的作用。
英文版通用学术英语论文格式样张 封面页
主要内容页 The Researches on Rs Method for Discrete Membership Functions ---------------subtitle(副标题12号字加黑右对齐) （空一行） ZHANG Xiaoya, LI Dexiang (题目14号字加黑居中) School of Management, Dalian University, P.R.China,116622 (10 号字居中) yuanfengxiangsheng@https://www.doczj.com/doc/4f18622921.html, (10号字加黑) (空一行) Abstract Mizumoto used to advance a fuzzy reasoning method ,Rs, which fits the…… Key words IDSS, Fuzzy reasoning,……号字) (空一行) 1 Introduction (一级标题12号字加黑) We know that the approaches of implementation of intelligent decision support systems(IDSS)have become variable……(正文均用10号字) (空一行) 2 An Example According to the definition of Rs, we can construct the fuzzy relation matrix, as shown in table 1 Table 1 A Fuzzy Relation Rs (9号字加黑居中) U2U3 U10.00 0.10 0.40 0.70…… 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 …… 0.20 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 ……(表中用9号字) .….. ………………… (空一行)Figure 1 Functions of……(9号字加黑居中) 3 The Improved Method (空一行) 3.1 Method one (二级标题10号字加黑) ………… 3.1.1 Discussing about method one (三级标题10号字) ………… （空一行） 3.2 Method two…………
Unit 5 Reporting Results Objectives: -Understand the function and the major elements of the results section; -Learn the major steps to deal with the results section; -Use the tips for describing graphic information; -Grasp the tips for making comparison and contrast; -Learn the skills for choosing appropriate graphs and making graphs. Contents: - Teacher’s introduction; - Reading and discussion: Types of Language for Thinking and Lexical Collocational Errors; - Language focus: graphic description; comparison and contrast; -Writing practice: using graphs and describing graphs (tables and charts); - Rewriting practice: grasping the major moves for outlining the results section; - Classroom extension: descriptions of data and graphs when reporting results. 1.Reading Activity 1.1 Pre-reading Task Do you know how to report the results of your research? The standard approach to the results section of a research paper is to present the results with the statistical
绝密★考试结束前 全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试 英语写作试题 课程代码：00603 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案写在答题纸上。全部题目用英文作答。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。 2．用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题上。 I. Supply the missing paragraph. (20 points) The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words.Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided. The Positive Effects of Owning a Dog on Children Dogs are the best friend of children. The dog and the child teach each other things and they look after each other. Owning a dog can have positive effects on a child’s development. Having a dog develops a child’s sense of responsibility, broadens his capacity for empathy, and teaches him the nature of friendship. The first advantage of owning a dog is that it’s helpful to develop a child’s sense of responsibility. Once you own a dog, you have to take care of it instead of only playing it: showering, feeding, walking, cleaning up, hair cutting and so on. Dogs are animals that have to spend time together with people or they get depressed. So you must take some time to stay with it. If they are sick, one can’t just leave it alone. All of these works are required to be carefully done which could make a child become more responsible. Another lesson that a child can learn from having a dog is how to be empathetic. A dog cannot express itself with speech, so its owner must learn to understand what the dog’s behavior means. Is the dog frightened, aggressive, or sick? The child needs to understand what is going on in the dog’s mind. The result of learning to read a dog’s behavior is that the child develops mpathy. By learning how to empathize with a dog, the child also learns how to empathize with other people. This leads to the child becoming a more considerate and caring person.
Unit 6 Keys for 1.3.1 Keys for 1.3.2 2.1.1 Cause: iron Effect: carcinogenesis 2.1.3 1. Firstly; 2.Furthermore; 3. because of; 4. can lead to; 5. causing; 6. cause; 7. due to 2.1.4Notes into a Causal Paragraph
There are several factors to be taken into account when studying why some plants become weak or die. One reason is lack of water. Dryness in the soil causes the leaves to wilt, and may give rise to the death of the plant. On the other hand, too much water may result in the leaves drooping, or becoming yellow. While sunshine is necessary for plants, if it is too strong, the soil may be baked and the roots killed. However, if there is no light, the leaves will become pale and the stems thin. Consequently the plant may die. Keys for 2.2.1 Examples of strengthening a claim: We observed borderline statistically significant elevated risks for … It lends strong support to … We observed a stronger positive association for … We found a positive association between red meat intake specifically and cancers of the esophagus and liver,… In contrast to our findings, childhood leukemia has been positively associated with intake of processed meats in a case-control study. Examples of weakening a claim: Our study suggests a threshold effect for red meat intake on esophageal cancer risk,… It is possible that the referent group had a smaller-than-expected cancer incidence by chance. We observed a suggestion of an elevated risk for advanced prostate cancer with both meat types. This could explain some of the inconsistencies in the literature as most previous studies have not specifically addressed advanced prostate cancer. Although breast cancer risk related to meat intake did not appear to differ by menopausal status in our study, we had very few premenopausal cases (n = 94) and lacked information on hormone receptor status for a large number of cases. Associations between saturated fat and cancer are likely to be related to energy balance in general, whereas iron is thought to contribute to carcinogenesis specifically by generating free radicals and inducing oxidative stress. An earlier start in data collection would have increased the time needed to survey more participants. Ideally, the number of participant would have been more evenly distributed across gender/year in population. A larger sample with diversity would have benefited our results. A decrease in the consumption of red and processed meat could reduce the incidence of cancer at multiple sites. Keys for 2.3 In our study, zinc supplementation did not result in a significant reduction in overall mortality in children aged 1–48 months in a population with high malaria transmission. However, there was a suggestion that the effect varied by age, with no effect on mortality in infants, and a marginally significant 18% reduction of mortality in children 12–48 months of age (p=0·045). This effect was