国际贸易英语合同写作句子翻译
3.简式序文（没有“鉴于条款）
This Contract is entered into the 5th day of August, 2008 between ABC Trading Co., Ltd.,(hereinafter called “Seller”) who agrees to sell; and XYZ Trading Co.,(.,(hereinafter called “Buyer”) who agrees to buy the following goo ds on the following terms and conditions:
ABC 贸易有限公司（以下简称卖方）与XYZ贸易有限公司（以下简称买方）于2008年8月5日签订本合同。双方同意按下列条款出售、购买下列货物：
3. In processing transactions, the manufactures
never have title either to the materials or to the
finished products.
在加工贸易中，厂方对原材料或成品都无所有权。
4. The Appendix hereto shall, through the contract period, be deemed (被
认为) to be construed (理解)as part of this Contract.
整个合同期间，被合同的附件应被视为合同的一部分予以解释。
1. The Parties may, through consultation, make amendments to and revisions of the contract as and when the need arises.
对方可在必要时通过协商修改本合同。
3. The Contractor shall, without limiting his or the Employee’s obligations and responsibilities under Clause 20, insure the Works, together with materials and plant for incorporation therein, to the full replacement cost.
在不限制第20条中规定的承包人和业主的义务和责任的条件下，承包人应该以全部重置成本对工程、用于工程的材料和工程配套设备进行保险
例一：The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract.
例1
Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not, the owner of the goods shall, without interruption, by day and night, including Sundays and holidays (if required by the carrier), supply and take delivery of the goods. Provided that the owner of the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default on the provisions hereof.
不论港口习惯是否与本规定相反，货方都应昼夜的，包括星期日和假日，（如承运人需要），无间断的提供和提取货物，伙房对违反本款规定所引起的所有损失或损坏，包括滞期应负担赔偿责任。
例2“Technical Documents” means the data and the information specified in Appendix 1 hereto, such as engineering, manufacturing and original information relating to the manufacture and maintenance of the Contract Products, including drawings, blueprints, design sheets, material
specifications, photographs, photostats and general data, and design and their specifications relating to manufacturing equipment, tools and facilities. Provided that the above-mentioned information shall be such information as is only available to Party B and applicable to the business operation of Party A under this Contract.
“技术资料”系指列于附件1与制造和维修合同产品有关的工程、制造及原始资料，包括与制造设备、工具和装置有关的图纸、蓝本、设计图表、材料规格、照片、影音资料和一般资料设计及其说明书等，但上述资料仅限于乙方拥有的资料和甲方用于本合同业务活动的资料。
例1
This Law is hereby formulated and prepared in order to develop the foreign trade, maintain the foreign trade order and promote the healthy development of the socialist market economy. Foreign trade mentioned herein shall cover the import and export of goods, technology and the international trade in services.
为了发展对外贸易，维护对外贸易秩序，促进社会主义市场经济的健康发展，兹制定本法，本法所称对外贸易是指货物进出口、技术进出口和国际服务贸易。
例1
When existing Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures, Chinese-foreign cooperative joint ventures and wholly foreign-owned enterprises (hereinafter referred to as “enterprises with foreign investment”) apply to reorganize themselves into a company, the enterpr ises with foreign investment shall have a record of making profits for the recent three consecutive years.
参考译文：
已设立的中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业，外资企业（以下称为外商投资企业），如申请转变为公司的，应有最近连续3年的盈利纪录。
例1
“Tests on Completion” means such tests specified in the Contract or otherwise agreed by and between the Engineer and the Contractor as shall be made by the Contractor before the Employer takes over the Works or any section or part thereof.
竣工检验是指合同规定的或由工程师与承包人另行规定的检验，这些检验是由承包人在业主接受工程或工程任何部分、区段之前进行的。
The Borrower shall pay for the account of the Banks a commitment fee of one half of one percent (0.5%) per annum on the Total Loan Commitment. The commitment fee shall be paid from the date of the conclusion of the Contract (inclusive) to the earlier day of the Disbursement Date and the Termination Date (but excluding the day in question). The commitment fee shall quarterly be paid from the date in the third month thereafter to the earlier day of the Disbursement Date and the Termination Date.
参考译文：
借款人每年应支付银行贷款承诺总额0.5%的承诺费。支付时间从签订合同之日起（包括该日在内），到贷款发放日和终止日中较早之日（但不包括该日在内）为止，从其后第3个月的该日起开始按季支付至发放日与终止日中较早之日。
The Defects Liability Certificate for the Works shall, within 28 days after the expiration of the
Defects Liability Period, be issued by the Engineer, or, if different defects liability periods become applicable to different Section or parts of the Permanent Works, the expiration of the latest such period, or if, pursuant to Clause 82, any works instructed are completed to the satisfaction of the Engineer, the Defects Liability Certificate therefor shall be issued by the Engineer as soon as possible.
参考译文：工程的缺陷责任证书应由工程师在缺陷责任期终止后28天内颁发，或者，如果不同的缺陷责任期适用永久工程的不同区段或部分时，则在最后一个缺陷责任期终止或根据第82条，在任何按指示进行的工程已完成并达到工程师满意之后尽快签发。
A contract for supply and use of electricity refers to a contract whereby the supplier of electricity supplies electricity to the user of electricity, and the user of electricity pays the electric fee.
供用电合同是供电人向用电人供电，用电人支付电费的合同
The board meeting shall be called and presided over by the Chairman. Should the Chairman be absent, the vice-Chairmen shall, in principle, call and preside over the board meeting.
董事会应由董事长召集并主持，若董事长缺席，原则上应由副董事长召集主持
Now Therefore, in consideration of the premises and the covenants herein, contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:
兹以上述各点和契约所载条款为约因，订约双方协议如下：
IN THE PRESENCE OF the parties hereto have hereunder set their respective hands and seals: 作为协议事项的证据，订约双方各自签名盖章如下
Unless otherwise expressly specified in the Contract, the Engineer shall have no authority to relieve the Contractor of any of his obligations under the Contract.
除非在合同中明确规定，工程师无权解除合同规定的承包人的任何义务。
In Testimony Whereof, this Contract shall come into effect after the Contract in question is made and signed by the Parties hereto in duplicate, and either Party will hold one copy.
本合同由双方代表签字后生效，一式两份，双方各执一份
The Engineer shall have authority to issue to the Contractor, from time to time, such supplementary Drawings and instructions as shall be necessary for the purpose of the proper and adequate execution and completion of the works and the remedying of any defects therein.
工程师有权随时向承包人发出为合理和恰当施工，竣工及修补工程中的缺陷所必需的补充图纸和指示。
The seller shall guarantee all shipments to conform to samples submitted with regard to quality 卖方必须保证交货质量同其所提供的样品一样。
Said sample shall be treated as an inter part of this contract. The quality of the goods delivered shall not be lower than the sample.
该样品应视为本合同不可分割的部分，所交货物的品质不得低于样品
For details, see the specification and Design attached hereto, which shall constitute and integral and equally authentic part of this contract.
品质规格：相见所附说明书和图样。该项所附说明书和图样应视构成本合同的组成部分，并且是有同等效力。
2. 型号PMC9-71323, 颜色兰，黄，白平均搭配为每打小
/ 3，中/6,，大/3
PMC9-71323，Blue, Y ellow and White equally assorted .S/3, M/6, L/3 per dozen.
5. In case any dispute and /or claim arise in connection with the patent, utility model, trade mark, design or copyright, seller reserves every and all rights to cancel, make null and void this contract at his discretion, and to hold himself free from any liability arising therefrom; buyer shall be responsible for every loss and or damage caused thereby.
如因专利，新型，商标，设计，或版权，引起纠纷或索赔事情，卖方有权撤销合同或是合同无效，并不负因此引起的任何责任，买方应负责因此而招致的一切损失和损害
制造商必须保证所交货物的质量完全符合同规定，若发现品质不符，应予免费调换。Maker shall guarantee that material supplied are strictly in accordance with the contract and that in the event of any material not in accordance with the contract, replacement shall be made free of charge
4. 如在买方国家或其他别的地方有侵犯他人专利、新型、商标、设计或版权事宜，卖方不负任何责任。
The seller shall not be responsible for any infringement ,with regard to patent .utility model ,trade mark ,design or copyright ,whether in the Buyers country or in other places.
The seller has the option of delivering 5% more or less of the contracted quantity.
买方有权决定按合同素、数量增减5%
Should the weight ascertained as a result of reweighting the goods at the port of destination differ from the bill of Lading weight by up to one percent more or less, the bill of Lading weight shall be deemed final for the settlement of accounts between the parties.
在目的港对货物再次所得的重量，如与提单重量相差仅1%增减，则提单重量作为上方结算的最后依据。
Net shipping weight; loss in weight exceeding (or over) 5% to be for Seller’s account.
以装运净重为准，如重量损耗超过5%，超过部分由卖方负担。
When the Seller delivers to the buyer a quantity of goods larger than he contracted to sell, the buyer may accept the goods included in the contract and reject the rest, or he may reject the whole. If the buyer accepts the whole of the goods so delivered he must pay for them at the contract rate. 卖方交付买方的数据，如多于契约所订出售所数量，卖方可接受契约所定数量而拒绝其余部分，也可拒绝全部货物。如买方接受所交全部货物，则必须按契约所定价格交付货款。
销售包装
木箱装，内衬两层蜡质，每箱净重15公斤，4盒装一木箱
Goods to be packed in wooden cases each of 15kg net,with double wax-paper, 4 packets to one case.
用牛皮纸袋装，每袋净重50公斤，外包麻袋
Goods shall be packed in craft paper bags of 50kg net each ,wrapped with gunny bags.
例1 ：双方同意以装运港中国进出口商品检验局签发的品质及数量检验证书为最后依据对双方具有约束力
It is mutually agreed that the goods are subject to the Inspection certificate of Quality and Inspection certificate of Quantity issued by China Import and Export at the port of shipment. The certificate shall be binding on both parter.
?应以装运口岸中国出入境检验检疫局签发的重量证作为最好依据。
The certificate of quantity issued by China Entry--Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau at the port of shipment is to be find.
?棉花应在上海由卖方所指定的棉花检验人于抽样前过磅，过磅应于卸货后21天内在目的港码头上进行。
Cotton is to be weighted in Shanghai before sampling under the supervision of the Cotton controller appointed by seller, weighing shall take place not later than 21 days after completion of landing on wharf at the port of destination.
?兹证明我厂业经检验上述货物或设备，并保证其品质、规格符合规定标准。
We certify that we have inspected the goods and equipment covered by the warrant and that it conforms to accepted standards of quality, including any specifications forming a part of the descriptions
?兹证明下列原料已经检验。根据本公司检验人员报告及本公司的经验盒判断，本公司的意见为：下列原料符合所批示的规定。
We certify that the following materials have been inspected and are in accordance with our opinion based upon that the report of our inspectors and experience and judgement has been accepted under the instructions provided.
?合同货物品质、数量、包装和重量应由买方所指定为卖方所接受的独立公证人在黄埔于装运时。该独立公证人签发的品质、数量、包装和重量检验证应作为最好依据。检验费由卖方承担。
Inspection on quality quantity , packing and weight of the contracted cargo shall be performed
at the time of loading at Huangpu berth by independent inspector appointed by the buyer and acceptable to seller .The inspectors certificate of quality , quantity , packing and weight shall be find, and inspection free and charge shall be for sellers account.
●Seller reserves the right to adjust the contracted price, if prior to delivery, there is any
variation in the cost of Labor or raw material or component parts
货物在装运前，若人工费用，原材料或零部件成本有所变动，卖方有权调整合同规定的价格。
●Should the parity of Pound Sterling, which now stg.$ 1.00= US$..., be different on the day of
payment, the price will be adjusted in accordance with the corresponding change.
若以英镑计价，现在1英镑= 。。。美元，如支付日给汇率有变化，货物价格应按变动的汇率，相应予以调整。
●Less 3% commission to be shown on separate statement only 。
需用单独说明书列明扣3%佣金。
1.买方应于2009年1月1日前将全部货款用电汇（信汇/票汇）方式预付卖方。
The buyer shall pay the total value to the seller in advance by T/T(M/T or D/D ) not later than (D/P D/A) 1st,1,2009.
2.买方应凭卖方开具的即期跟单汇票，于第一次见票时立即付款、付款交单。
Upon first presentation, the buyers shall pay against documentary drawn by the sellers at sight . The shipping documents are to be delivered against payment only.
3凭全额发票金额的、保兑的、不可撤销的、可转让的即期信用证。信用证应于装运期前30天送达卖方，其议付有效期至上述装运期后15点在中国有效。
By 100% confirmed, irrevocable, transferable sight L/C to reach the sellers 30 days before the date of shipment and to remain valid for negotiation in china till the 15th day after the final date of shipment.
?考4以不可撤销的信用证，凭卖方开具的见票后90天的跟单汇票议付，有效期为装运期后15天在中国到期。该信用证须于合同规定的装运月份前30天到达卖方。
By irrevocable L/C available by sellers documentary draft at 90 days after sight, to be valid for negotiation in china until 15 days after the data of shipment, The L/C must reach the sellers 30 days before the contracted month of shipment
?5货款60%以不可撤消即期信用证支付。其余40%托收，见票后30天付款交单，按发票金额全部付款后，全套货运单据到达买方。
60% of the value of goods by irrevocable sight L/C at sight and remaining 40% on collections basis, D/P at 30 days after sight .The full set of shipping documents are to be delivered to the Buyers until full payment of invoice value is made.
?6Buyer shall produce in favor of seller an irrevocable and unconditional L/G to be issued by a
prime bank in Hongkong, guaranteeing the payment of each installment and deferred payment amount and interest thereon as set forth in the above clause (1), (2) and (3), within five months from the date hereof.
买方通过香港一流银行开立以卖方为受益人，不可撤销，无条件的保证函，保证按上述1 2 3项规定，每期延期付款的金额以及利息自规定日期5个月支付。
1，从五月份开始分三批按月等量装运，每批装运20吨
In three equal monthly installment (shipments/lots) each of 20 tons(of 20 tons each ) beginning (commercing) from (with/in) May.
● 2 货物约等分两批装运，每批间隔25天
In two approximately equal shipments required 25days apart at intervals of 25days.
●3卖方应保证每个晴天工作日装700吨进入全部货仓，或按可供货仓数量的比例装货。每日的速遣费为600美元，滞期费为1200美元
Sellers guarantee to load 700M/T per WD(weather working days ) for all hatches ,or prorate according to avail ability of hatches .Dispatch at US600 per day and Demurrage at US 1200 per day.
●4本合同所定货物一经装运，应即以电报通知买方。
●Shipment effected under this contract shall be promptly informed to the buyer by able. ?5.提单日期应作为装运期，若延迟交货，买方得撤销合同，并索赔因违约所造成的损失。
●The date of Bill of lading shall be considered as the date of shipment .In the event of delay in shipment, buyer may cancel the contract and claim damages for breach of the contract.
1.由卖方按发票金额加10%投保一切险和战争险，其超过金额的保费由买方负担。
Tb be effected by the seller for invoice amount/value plus 10%,any additional premium for insurance coverage over 110% of the invoice amount shall be borne by the buyers.
2.由买方委托卖方按CIF发票金额的110%代为投保一切险和战争险，按中国人民保险公司1981年1月1日有关海洋运输货物保险条款办理，保险费由买方负担。
Insurance is to be covered by the seller on behalf of the buyer for 110% of invoice value of CIF against All Risks and War Risk as per relevant Ocean Marine Cargo Clause of PICC dated 1st January 1981.The insurance premium shall be for the bu yer’s account
.
3.If buyer fails to carry out (perform) any of the terms of this or any other contract with seller, or in the event (in case of) death, bankruptcy or insolvency of buyer, dissolution or partnership of buyer or non-payment for any shipment, seller has the right to cancel this and/or any other contract with buyer or to postphone the shipment , or to stop the goods in transit ,and buyer is bound to reimburse seller for any loss sustained therefore.
若买方未能履行与卖方所订本合同或其他合同的任何条款，或在买方死亡、倒闭、解散、无支付能力的情况下，卖方有权撤销本合同或其他合同或延期交货，或截留运输中的货物，买方应对卖方因此而遭受的损失予以补偿。
4.在所有不可抗力情况下，卖方对交货延迟或全部或部分货物毁坏或变质或不能履约不承担责任，包括禁止出口，战争，禁运，民变，罢工，闭厂，缺电，爆炸，疫病，传染病，火灾，水灾，潮汐，台风，地震等。
In consideration of the exclusive right herein granted, Distributor shall not directly or indirectly purchase, import, sell, distribute or otherwise deal in any products competitive with or similar to products in Territory , and seller shall not offer, sell or export procucts to Territory through other channel than Distributor during the effective period of this Agreement.
以授予专营权为约因，在合同有效期内，包销商在包销地区内，不得直接、间接购入、输入、销售或经销与包销商品具有竞争性的或类似的商品，也不得以其他方式经营这类商品，买卖方也不得通过包销商以外
Distributor shall not sell or export, nor cause any other person, firm or corporation in Territory to sell or export Products outside Territory during the effective period of this Agreement
在本合同有效期内，包销商不得将包销商品销售或输出到包销区域外，也不得将包销商品由包销区内的任何人、商人或公司销售或输出到包销区域外
Distributor agrees that it will not disclose at any time any confidential information transmitted to it by seller, including but not limited to trade secrets, customer’s lists, customer’s information and credit or financial information, to any person, firm or corporation other than in the course of the performance its duties hereunder.
除了履行本合同规定的责任外，包销商不得在任何时候将卖方提供给它的秘密资料泄露给任何人、商号或公司，秘密资料包括但不限于贸易秘密，客户名单，客户资料，资信报以及财务报告等
Agent shall forward immediately to Principal every order received by it, together with all specifications, if any, for acceptance or rejection by Principal. Upon the acceptance of order by Principal , Principal issues a sale note stipulating necessary terms and conditions on it as may be required case by case, and sales are executed in accordance with the said terms and conditions.
代理人收到订单后应连同所有规格明细单（如有的话），立刻交委托人，以供研究决定是否接受订单，一经接受委托人应立即出售货单，列明售货条款，以供客户履约成交
1.乙方所装配的全部分体式空调机应运交甲方指定的外国买主。有关运费，保险费由甲方负担。
All split-type Air Conditioner assembly by Party B shall be shipped to foreign buyers designated by Party A. The relevant freight and insurance premium shall be borne by Party A.
2.次品率不得超过5%。The rate of substandard products should not exceed 5%.
总加工费是每件5美元，包括人工、包装、机器折旧、仓储或运输费用等在内。
The overall processing fee is US$5.00 per unit ,including charge for labor ,packing depreciation of machinery storage and transport.
Party A shall supply Party B with 100 special sewing machines(for details see the attached list) with values at HK$220,000. Party B shall compensate Party A for the amounts plus freight and interest at ….% per annual before the end of 2008 with the proceeds of the finished products, ladies’ Blouses, delivered to Party B. Party B shal l make for Party A each month from January 2008 approximately 2,000 to 3,000 dozens ladies’ Blouses according to the supplied samples by Party A.
甲方应向乙方供应特种缝纫机100台（细节详见附表）总值22万港元，对这项价款连同运费加上按年利率%计算的利息，乙方应于2008年底前用交付给甲方女衬衣成衣偿还甲方，乙方应自2008年每年为甲方按来样生产女装衬衣约2000至3000打。
1) Party A shall undertake the responsibility of assembly, installation, start-up and test run of the equipment and machinery within the respectively specified periods.
2) Party A shall warrant that if the equipment fails to operate normally due to faulty manufacture, Party A shall send technicians to effect repairs or replace the defective articles or parts with all expenses to be borne by Party A.
句子翻译（二） 1稍等一会儿，我会帮助你的。（for a while） 2他们作了自我介绍。(introduce) 3请去查询下班火车什么时候开。(find out) 4昨天下午2时到4时你在做什么？(过去进行时) 5我正在吃晚饭，电话铃响了。(when) 6不仅我，而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢游泳。(be fond of) 7他今天感到身体好多了。(a lot) 8礼堂里早已挤满了高中学生。(be full of) 9我在街上走时，看到了一些古老的建筑物。(while) 10我走近花园时，几个男孩子在爬树。(用过去进行时) 11请脱下你的旧上衣，穿上这件新的。(take off, put on) 12这件事是什么时候发生的？（happen 13他去办公室查询课程表.(ask abut) 14当我们到达车站时，火车已开出了。(过去完成时) 15他服药后，开始感到好些了.(过去完成时) 16 我观看体育节目你有意见吗? (mind) 17我还没有读完那本有关伦敦的书.(finish) 18 他没有跟我说一声就离开了山村。(without) 19我告诉她我已把餐具洗好了。(过去完成时) 20汤姆上楼去他的卧室时，他的姐姐已把他的上衣改短了一英寸。(过去完成时) 21我和汤姆都盼望早日见到您。(look forward to) 22全世界的人都在电视上观看奥运会.(all over the world) 23我听说这场比赛将延期。(put off) 24这里要讲英语.(被动) 25这座体育馆将于明年建成.(被动语态) 26过马路时要小心.(be careful) 27这次车祸是什么引起的?(cause) 28她总是乐于助人.(be ready to) 29这个女孩由于不遵守交通规则，在车祸中受了伤。(被动) 30到时候会通知你的.（被动语态） 31我根本不喜欢这个铜的框架。(not…at all) 32他把玫瑰栽在花园中间.(in the middle) 33他不知道她为什么在练习中有这么多的错误.(wonder) 34他告诉我一切都会好的。(过去将来时) 35谁也不知道我们什么时候举行下次会议.(过去将来时) 36在新学校里有这么多的东西要学 37当老师进来的时候，我们正在愉快地交谈。38我们一读完初中就进入高中。 39我的老师比我想象的要年轻得多。 40晚饭后，我总是在厨房里洗碗碟.
编号：_______________本资料为word版本，可以直接编辑和打印，感谢您的下载 英语合同的特点和翻译 甲方：___________________ 乙方：___________________ 日期：___________________
一.用词特点与翻译要点 合同英语的用词极其考究，具有特定性1.要求选词专业化（professional）,正式（formal）. 准确（accurate）.具体体现在下列方面： 1, may, shall, must, may not （或shall not）的使用 may旨在约定当事人的权利（可以做什么），shall约定当事人的义务（应当做什么时候）， must用于强制性义务（必须做什么），may not（或shall not）用于禁止性义务（不得做什么）。May not do在美国一些法律文件可以用shall not,但绝不能用can not do或must not，但 may do不能。 2, 用语正式（formal） 合同英语有着严肃的风格，如"因为"的短语多用" by virtue of ",远远多于"due to" 一般不用a because of;" 财务年度末 "一般用"at the close of the fiscal year",而不用"in the end of the fiscal year";"在之前"一 般用 ................... "prior to ",而不用"before"; 关于 "常用" as regards’, concerning '或"relating to ",而不会用"about";"事实上" 用"in effect",而不用"in fact":"开始" 用 "commencement",而不用"start"或"begin";"停止做" 用"cease to do",而不用"stop to do";何时开会并由某 某主持"的表述为：The meeting shall be convened and presided by sb. 其中"召开" 不用"hold 或call",而用"convene";"主持’不用"chair" 或"be in charge of "而用"preside";"其他事项" 用"miscellaneous",而不用"other matters/events"; 理解合同"用"construe a contract"或"comprehend a contract"或"comprehend a contract",而不用"understand a contract";"认为"用"deem",用"consider"少，不用”think”或"believe". 3, 用词专业（technical） 合同用词不以大众是否理解和接受为转移，它是合同语言准确表达的保障。如合同出现的” 瑕疵”，”救济“，“不可抗力”，“管辖”，“毁损”，“失业”等就可能让非行业人士费 解，在英语以上表达分另U为defect ,remedy, force 马绝热，jurisdiction , damage and/or loss。 另夕卜几乎每个合同者E 少不了hereinafter referred to as, whereas, in witness whereof, for and on behalf of, hereby,用"compensation"; 不动产转让 " 用"conveyance",而不用"transfer of real estate";"房屋出租"用"tendency",而"财产出租"用"lease of property";"停止"用"wind up a business" 或"cease （名词是cessation） a business,而不用"end/stop a business"; 依照合同相关规定“或一般说"pursuant to provisions contained herein"或"as provided herein" 等，不说'according to relevant terms and conditions in the contract ”。 4, 同义词，近义词，相关词的并列使用 英文合同出于严谨和杜绝漏洞的考虑，made and entered into", by and between", for and in consideration of", covenants and agreements", 6n the terms and subject to the conditions" terms and conditions" "release and discharge' 5, 古英语与外来词的应用（borrowing words） 使用古英语最为突出的是较多使用here, there, where加后缀in, by after, from 等介词构成的 词。在法律文件中用这些词，可以避免重复，避免歧义，使行文准确，简洁。常用例词 如下: hereafter, hereby, herein, hereof, hereto, hereunder, hereupon, herewith, hereinbefore, hereinafter, thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith, whereas, whereby, wherein, whereof, whereon, etc. 合同中也会使用一些外来词汇，常用的有拉丁语和法语词汇。如比例税率：用pro rate tax rate要比proportional tax rate多；从事慈善性服务的律师：pro bono lawyer,不经常用lawyer engaged in charitable legal assistance, 委托代理人多用agent ad litem
英语作文万能句子带翻译 【篇一】英语作文万能句子带翻译 1. 至于我，在某种水准上我同意后面的观点，我认为…… As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that …… 2. 总来说之，整个社会应该密切注重……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ……Only in this way can ……in the future. 3. 但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如，……，而……。不过把这两者相比较，我更倾向于(喜欢)…… But ……and……have heir own advantages. For example, …… while…… Comparing this wit h that, however, I prefer to…… 4. 就我个人来说，我相信……，所以，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为…… Personally, I believe that…… Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because…… 5. 随着社会的发展，……。所以，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自己的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。 With the developme nt of society, ……So it's urgent and necessary to ……If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.
常见英文合同翻译与详解
引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。 合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。 一.hereby 英文释义:by means of , by reason of this 中文译词:特此,因此,兹 用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语；在条款中需要强调时也可用。 语法：一般置于主语后,紧邻主语. 例1： The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and co mpletion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other s um as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manne r prescribed by the Contract. 参考译文: 业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。 注释: (1)hereby: by reason of this 特此 (2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同 (3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工 (4)therein: in the Works在本工程中 (5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价 (6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, which (7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照 (8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款 例2： We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correc t and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provi de documentary proof upon your request. 注释： （1）hereby：特此 （2）to the best of our knowledge：as far as we know据我们所知 （3）foregoing statement：above-mentioned statement上述声明 （4）herein：in this, in the statement在声明中 （5）documentary proof：证明文件 参考译文： 特此证明，据我们所知，上述声明内容真实，正确无误，并提供了全部现有的资料和数据，我们同意，
上海历届春高考英语句子翻译汇编（2000年-----2016年） 2000上海春考 1. 进入大学以后, 他对计算机很感兴趣。(become interested in) 2. 集邮几乎占据了他所有业余时间。(occupy) 3. 只要专心学习, 你一定能顺利通过考试。(concentrate) 4. 越来越多的人意识到遵守交通规则的重要性。(be aware) 5. 尽管有很多困难, 我们仍将努力执行我们的计划。(in spite of) 6. 诺贝尔奖金授予那些在某一个领域作出巨大贡献的科学家。(be awarded) 2000上海高考 1. 这张照片是我想起了我们在夏令营度过的日子。(remind) 2. 假如你想从事这项工作，你必须先接受三个月的训练。(take up) 3. 你一旦养成了坏习惯，改掉它是很难的。(once) 4. 同其他同学相比，那个女孩有更强的英语听，说能力。(compare) 5. 众所周知，成功来自于勤奋，不努力则一事无成。(without)
1．早睡早起有益于健康。（do good to） 2．乘车时你有主动给老人让座的习惯吗？（offer） 3．就我所知，在那座小城市里购物很方便。（as far as） 4．他很后悔失去了获得奖学金的机会。（regret） 5．到目前为止，我们学过的英语单词总计大约有三千五百个。（add up to）6．学生们逐渐认识到友谊胜过金钱，患难朋友才是真朋友。（realize） 2001上海高考 1. 我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样那个强大。(Never) 2. 我们将作进一步的讨论，然后再作出最终的结论。(before) 3. 据说在那个湖底发现了一个古城遗址。(discover) 4. 这个地区的经济发展得很快，可使某些市民的素质还不尽如人意。(quality) 5. 他们应该从这件事中得出教训，玩火者必自焚。(burn)
【摘要】商务合同是商业法人之间为实现一定的经济目的、明确相互权利义务的一种文体。商务合同英语属半法律性语言，用词准确、正式、严谨，具有鲜明文体意义。本文基于典型实例分析，探讨了商务英文合同的词汇特征及翻译方法。 【关键词】商务英文合同词汇特征翻译 商务合同是商品经济的产物，它随着商品经济的产生而产生，也随着商品经济的发展而发展，是商品交换关系在法律上的体现，受到国家法律的承认和保护。在世界经济全球化和一体化的今天，国际商务活动日益频繁，贸易国法人之间为实现一定的经济利益而签订的明确规定了贸易双方的权利和义务，具有法律效力的文件——国际商务合同的重要性也越来越突出。商务合同英语既具有商务英语的特点，同时也具有法律英语的特点。本文拟从庄重正式、准确严谨和简洁明了三个角度阐述分析商务英文合同的词汇特征及其翻译方法。 一、庄重正式 Martin Joos按照语言使用的正式程度提出了英语的五种变体，即庄重文体(frozen style)，正式文体(formal style)，商议文体（consultative style），随便文体(casual style)和亲密文体(intimate style)。一般认为商务合同英语属庄重文体，即五种变体英语中正式程度最高的一种。商务英文合同的庄重正式的词汇特征体现在专业术语和外来词古体词的使用上。 1.商务专业术语 专业术语(technical term留学生论文网https://www.doczj.com/doc/4f10529775.html, s)具有鲜明的文体特色。其意义精确、单一、无歧义，且不带有个人感情色彩。为了准确描述商务活动中的各个交易环节以及与此相关的各类单据，商务合同英语文体中使用了大量表意清楚的商务专业术语。例如，policy（保险单），negotiable（可转让的），liability（责任、义务），right of recourse （追索权），factoring（保理）等。这些专业术语可避免冗长的解释，简化交易过程，提高工作效率。 2.法律专业术语 为了准确描述商务活动中交易双方各自的权利与义务，商务合同英语中也使用了较多的法律专业的术语。狭义的法律术语指仅出现在或大多数情况下出现在法律文件中的法律科学的特有术语，此意义上的法律术语在商务合同文体中的数量不多，如：imputed negligence (转嫁的过失责任)特指可向与行为人有利害关系的人或有合同关系的另一方追究责任的过失。商务合同中这类狭义的法律专业术语不以大众是否理解或接受为转移，它是商务合同语言准确表达的保障，是其独有的现象。而广义的法律术语则包括在法律文体中被赋予特定法律意义的常用词语，如action(诉讼)，party(当事人)，financial responsibility(经济责任，指违约责任，具体可指“赔偿损失”、“支付违约金”和“支付迟延支付金额的利息”)。这类词语把握不准确的话很容易导致翻译和理解当中的模糊性，因此要格外留意。如，“The contract is concluded in case of acceptance of the offer.”很容易译为“提议一旦接受，合同随即订立。”而实际上，“acceptance”与“offer”是合同法中两个重要的法律术语，其规范的译文分别为“承诺”、“要约”，前者是指受要约人对要约内容表同意，而后者则指一方希望与另一方订立合同。 3.外来词和古体词 商务合同英语中使用的商务类专业术语有不少源于拉丁语或法语，有些则是由其词根派生或合成，许多术语都有相同的前缀或后缀。它们的意义比较稳定，利于精确地表达概念，例如：ad valorem duty (拉丁语)从价(关)税，bona fide holder (拉丁语)汇票的善意持票人，pro rata tax rate比例税率(拉丁语，即proportional tax rate)，insurance premium per capita (拉丁语)人均保险费，force majeure(法语)不可抗力，pro forma (拉丁语)估算表。
英语写作与翻译常用连接词及句型 1. 表示罗列增加 First, secondly, thirdly,…finally For one thing … for another…， On （the）one hand…on the other hand， 2. 表示时间顺序 First, …then / next,…. after that / next…., finally now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, later, next, finally, immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, form now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till，not…until，before，after，when，while，as during， 3. 表示解释说明 for example, for instance, in this case, in fact, actually 4. 表示转折关系 but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the
other, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, 5. 表示并列关系 or，and，also，too，not only … but also，as well as，both… and，either …or，neither…nor 6. 表示因果关系 because，because of，since，now that，as，thanks to…，due to…，therefore，as a result （of），otherwise，so…that，such…that, consequently, accordingly 7. 表示条件关系 as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless 8.表示让步关系 although, after all , though, even though, in spite of, despite, 9.表示递进 Besides / what‘s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also， 10.表示比较 be similar to，similarly，the same as，in contrast，compared with （to）…， in the same way , likewise , equally 11.表示目的
. 汉译英 1.好朋友就是能和你分享快乐和忧伤的人 . 2.这是他第一次用电子邮件与笔友交流 . 3. 网络使人们即使身处世界的不同角落也完全可能面对面地交流. 4．现在 , 每年有超过 100 万的旅客来广州观光旅游. 5. 世界淡水资源十分有限，因此我们必须充分利用. 6. 不管你相不相信 , 我们已经逐渐地可以用英语流利地表达自己了.
. 7.实际上学好英语有很多简单的方法 , 例如看英文电视或和外国朋友在线聊 天. 7. 即使这工作要花掉我六个星期的时间，我仍决心要完成这份工作. 8.全体同学都要准时参加明天举行的会议 . 9.花了一周时间才把衣物和药品送达灾区 . 10.请耐心点。火车十分钟后到 . 11.消防员没有多考虑个人的安危 , 像平常一样将困在大火中的人员援救出来 . 12. 一些人破门设法从失火的房子里逃了出来.
13. 上一次考试考砸了之后，那个男孩向父母许诺今后会努力学习. 14.约翰要给捡到他钱包的出租司机一百元作为酬劳 . 15. 除非我们净化我们的环境，否则人类可能将无法生存. 16.这是目前为止我所看过的最好的电影中的一部 . 17.我家门前的漂亮新车是我邻居的，不是我的 . 18.当午餐的铃声敲响的时候 , 学生们一个接一个走出教室 . 19.经理不在时 , 他负责这个商店 .
20.他最终向警察承认他也加入了犯罪活动 . 21. 他训练了很长的一段时间，所以获得比赛的胜利是他应得的. 22.这个母亲正看护着她熟睡的孩子 . 23.由于人类的过度猎捕，许多动物都已经灭绝了 . 24.开车的时候，你应该注意路标 . 25. 政府提出了一项新的政策，旨在保护城市里一些重要的历史遗迹. 26. 根据气象报告，今天将会是一个晴朗的日子.
商务合同英译的注意事项(实例版) 前言 英译商务合同貌似简单，实则不然。商务合同是一种特殊的应用文体，重在记实，用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。 本文拟运用翻译教学中所积累的英译商务合同的实例，从三个方面论述如何从大处着眼、小处着手、力求准确严谨英译商务合同。 一、酌情使用公文语惯用副词 商务合同属于法律性公文，所以英译时，有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词，就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现，这种公文语副同常被普通词语所代替，从而影响到译文的质量。 实际上，这种公文语惯用副同为数并不多，而已构词简单易记。常用的这类副词是由here、there、where等副词分别加上after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with等副词，构成一体化形式的公文语副词。例如：从此以后、今后：hereafter；此后、以后：thereafter；在其上：thereonthereupon；在其下：thereunder；对于这个：hereto；对于那个：whereto；在上文：hereinabovehereinbefore；在下文：hereinafterhereinbelow；在上文中、在上一部分中：thereinbefore；在下文中、在下一部分中：thereinafter．现用两个实例，说明在英译合同中如何酌情使用上述副词。 例1：本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。 This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyer and the Builder. 例2：下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品，其品牌以此为合适。 The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade name is more appropriate are made in China. 二、谨慎选用极易混淆的词语 英译商务合同时，常常由于选同不当而寻致词不达意或者意思模棱两可，有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的，是提高英译质量的关键因素之一，现把常用且易混淆的七对词语，用典型实例论述如下。 2.1 shipping advice与shipping instruction sshipping advice是“装运通知”，是由出口商(卖主)发给进口商(买主)的。然而shipping instructions则是“装运须知”，是进口商(买主)发给出口商(卖主)的。另外要注意区分 vendor(卖主)与vendee(买主)，consignor(发货人)与consignee(收货人)。上述这三对词语在英译时、极易发生笔误。 2.2abide by与comply with
高考英语作文加分的100个必备好句子（附译文+同类句型） 1. It is important for everyone to learn English well in our rapidly developing world. 在这个迅速发展的世界里，对每个人来说，学好英语是非常重要的。 同样句型包括：It is important/（necessary, difficult, convenient, possible）for sb. to do sth. 2. The harder you work at it, the more progress you will make. 你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。 (1)The+比较级..., the+比较级... (2)比较级+and+比较级（The world is getting smaller and smaller.） 3. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 如果每个人都为保护环境做出贡献，世界会变得更加美好。 类似的句型还有：If necessary…, they can… 4. The best way to remember new words is to practice them everyday. 记忆新单词最好的方法是每天操练这些单词。 5. The atmosphere in my family is fantastic 我的家庭气氛温馨和睦。 6. The reason why people choose to live in the city is that the life is more convenient and colorful. 人们为什么选择生活在城市的原因是因为城市的生活更方便、更多彩。 7. I had a great first impression of American people. 我对美国人民有了很好的第一印象。 8. We have lots of confidence in our ability to solve any problem. 我们对自己解决问题的能力有足够的信心。
英文合同翻译汇总【是栓哥呕心沥血之作吗？】来源：卢瑞的日志 一.hereby 英文释义:by means of , by reason of this 中文译词:特此,因此,兹 用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语；在条款中需要强调时也可用。 语法：一般置于主语后,紧邻主语. 例1： The Employ er hereby cov enants to pay the Contractor in conside ration of the execution and completio n of the Works and the remedy ing of defects therein the C ontract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the prov isions of the C ont ract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the C ontract. 参考译文: 业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。 注释: (1)he reby: by reason of this 特此 (2)cov enant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同 (3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工 (4)therein: in the Wo rks在本工程中 (5)the C ontract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价 (6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, w hich (7)under: in accordance w ith 根据,按照 (8)the prov isions of the C ontract: terms and conditio ns of the C ontract合同条款 例2： We hereby certify to the best of our know ledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all av ailable information and data hav e been supplied herein, and that w e agree to prov ide documentary proof upon y our request. 注释： （1）hereby：特此 （2）to the best of our know ledge：as far as w e know据我们所知 （3）foregoing statement：abov e-mentioned statement上述声明 （4）herein：in this, in the statement在声明中 （5）documentary proof：证明文件 参考译文： 特此证明，据我们所知，上述声明内容真实，正确无误，并提供了全部现有的资料和数据，我们同意，应贵方要求出具证明文件。 例3： This C ontract is hereby made and concluded by and betw een C o. (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and C o. (hereinaft er referred to as Party B) on (Date), in (Place), C hina, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amic able consultation. 注释： （1）hereby：特此 （2）hereinafter referred to as Party A：以下称甲方 （3）on the principle of equality and mutual benefit：在平等互利基础上 （4）through amicable consultation：通过友好协商 参考译文：
句子翻译 1.我是学生.(简单句)______________________________________________________________________________ 2.他在做的与我无关._____________________________________________________________________________ 3.我来了,但他已经走了. (复合句)___________________________________________________________________ 4.我不知道他已经走了,但是她知道. (并列复合句)_____________________________________________________ 5.你能回答我的问题吗?___________________________________________________________________________ 6.我在写信.______________________________________________________________________________________ 7.请开门.________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.他是一个多聪明的男孩啊!________________________________________________________________________ 9.我非常喜欢这本书.______________________________________________________________________________ 10.他昨天去哪儿了?_______________________________________________________________________________ 第二组：词类 11.你应该用正确的方法做这件事.____________________________________________________________________ 12.最终, 他受到了惩罚.____________________________________________________________________________ 13.他在湖里游泳. He is swimming in the lake. 14.至今,我已经读了100部小说. So far, I have read 100 novels. 15.我不喜欢这乐曲. I don’t like the music. 16.你喜欢音乐吗? Do you like music? 17.如果我是你, 我会跟他在一起. If I were you, I would stay with him. 18.面对困难,一定要保持冷静. When facing difficulty, you should keep calm. 19.最终,他梦想成真. At last, his dream came true. 20.你所说的听起来很有道理.
英语合同的特点与翻译 一．用词特点与翻译要点 合同英语的用词极其考究，具有特定性1.要求选词专业化（professional）, 正式（formal）. 准确（accurate）. 具体体现在下列方面： 1.may, shall, must, may not (或shall not) 的使用 may旨在约定当事人的权利（可以做什么），shall约定当事人的义务(应当做什么时候)，must 用于强制性义务（必须做什么），may not(或shall not)用于禁止性义务（不得做什么）。May not do 在美国一些法律文件可以用shall not, 但绝不能用can not do 或must not,但may do 不能。 2.用语正式（formal） 合同英语有着严肃的风格，如“因为”的短语多用“by virtue of”, 远远多于”due to”一般不用“because of”; ”财务年度末“一般用”at the close of the fiscal year”, 而不用” in the end of the fiscal year”; “在……之前”一般用“prior to”, 而不用”before”; “关于“常用”as regards”, “concerning?或”relating to”, 而不会用”about”; “事实上”用”in effect”, 而不用”in fact”: “开始“用”commencement”, 而不用”start”或”begin”; “停止做”用”cease to do”, 而不用”stop to do”; 何时开会并由某某主持“的表述为：The meeting shall be convened and presided by sb. 其中”召开“不用”hold 或call”, 而用”convene”; “主持?不用”chair”或” be in charge of “而用” preside”; “其他事项”用”miscellaneous”, 而不用” other matters/events”; “理解合同“用”construe a contract”或”comprehend a contract”或”comprehend a contract”, 而不用”understand a contract”; “认为”用“deem”, 用”consider”少，不用”think”或”believe”. 3,用词专业(technical) 合同用词不以大众是否理解和接受为转移，它是合同语言准确表达的保障。如合同出现的”瑕疵”,”救济“，“不可抗力”，“管辖”，“毁损”，“失业”等就可能让非行业人士费解，在英语以上表达分别为defect ,remedy，force马绝热，jurisdiction，damage and/or loss。另外几乎每个合同都少不了hereinafter referred to as, whereas, in witness whereof, for and on behalf of, hereby, 用”compensation”; “不动产转让“用”conveyance”, 而不用”transfer of real estate”; “房屋出租”用”tendency”, 而“财产出租”用”lease of property”; “停止”用”wind up a business”或”cease （名词是cessation）a business”, 而不用”end/stop a business”; “依照合同相关规定“或一般说”pursuant to provisions contained herein”或”as provided herein”等，不说?according to relevant terms and conditions in the contract”。 4，同义词，近义词，相关词的并列使用 英文合同出于严谨和杜绝漏洞的考虑，“made and entered into”, “by and between”, “for and in consideration of”, “covenants and agreements”, “on the terms and subject to the conditions”“terms and conditions””release and discharge” 5, 古英语与外来词的应用(borrowing words) 使用古英语最为突出的是较多使用here, there, where 加后缀in, by after, from等介词构成的词。在法律文件中用这些词，可以避免重复，避免歧义，使行文准确，简洁。常用例词如下：hereafter, hereby, herein, hereof, hereto, hereunder, hereupon, herewith, hereinbefore, hereinafter, thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith, whereas, whereby, wherein, whereof, whereon, etc. 合同中也会使用一些外来词汇，常用的有拉丁语和法语词汇。如比例税率：用pro rate tax rate 要比proportional tax rate 多；从事慈善性服务的律师：pro bono lawyer, 不经常用lawyer engaged in charitable legal assistance, 委托代理人多用agent ad litem 二，句法特点与翻译要点