Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Television is often viewed as an anti intellectual medium. But truly clever people know how to use even the most unpromising material, and that is what V al Curtis and her colleagues at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine have done. They employed the mass market appeal of TV to test a long held, but unproven, hypothesis(假设): that the emotion of disgust evolved to protect people from disease.
They set up their experiment in October 2007, by publicizing it on a BBC program called "Human Instincts". V iewers were invited to visit a website and, after giving a few biographical(个人介绍的)details, to view a series of 20 pictures and rate each of them for disgustingness on a scale of one to five. They were also asked to choose, from a list of possible candidates, with whom they would least like to share a toothbrush.
The results showed that in all seven pairs, the disease distinct pictures were more disgusting than their counterparts. For things like the apparent depiction of bodily fluids, or of a face that had been "enhanced" with spots, that may come as no surprise. But a crowded railway carriage was more distinguishing than an empty one, and a louse more disgusting than a wasp.
These last results confirmed Dr Curtis's suspicion that disgust is not, as many disgust researchers believe, just a way of avoiding eating disease bearing materials. Rather, it extends to threats that might be contagious(传染性的). Indeed, one result of the study was to show that the young are easier to disgust than the old. Another result was that women are more easily disgusted than men. Both of these make evolutionary sense. The young have more reproductive potential than the old, so should be more careful about what they touch and eat. And women are usually burdened with bringing up the children, so have to be disgusted on their offspring's behalf, as well as their own.
The results of the toothbrush study made similar sense. Strangers are more likely to carry new bacteria than acquaintances. Hence, of the available choices of toothbrush partner, a postman came off worst, and a lover best. A brush notionally belonging to a weatherman was, however, preferred to the boss's. Clearly the British feel more intimacy with the former than the later. Perhaps it might have been instructive to include a famous television personality among the choices?
52. In the first paragraph television is mentioned to .
A) prove that what some intellectuals had claimed is wrong
B) show that TV is an essential part of British people's daily life
C) demonstrate that mass media is a very profitable industry
D) introduce the media through which the survey was advertised
53. The experiment is chiefly done by .
A) watching the TV program called "Human Instincts" and filling out feedback forms
B) visiting different websites and making matches between pictures and numbers
C) rating various photos with numbers and selecting from a choice list
D) filling in biographical details and choosing a toothbrush
54. Which of the following is true about the result of the experiment?
A) A spotted face is more disgusting than a picture of bodily fluids.
B) A full packed subway is more disgusting than a louse.
C) A bleeding face is the most disgusting one.
D) A wasp makes people feel better than a louse.
55. The results of the experiment make evolutionary sense in that .
A) old people are less likely to produce goods for the society than the young
B) people's emotion of disgust is often related to the safety of their children
C) women are more likely to bring up children independent of men's help
D) old people are more likely to be disgusted than women
56. The results of the toothbrush experiment show that .
A) a boss is normally less clean and healthy than a weatherman
B) a postman is often dirtier than a lover
C) a public figure is often more popular than a boss in Britain
D) a famous television personality is the best toothbrush partner
Passage T wo
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
When it comes to health, the poor are doubly cursed. Not only are they more prone to deadly infectious diseases than the rich, but they have far less access to the means of improvement. Twenty years ago, Paul Farmer, an American doctor and anthropologist(人类学者), set out to do something about this. Amid the political turmoil(混乱)and poverty of rural Haiti, he created a community based health care system called Zanmi Lasante, or Partners in Health. It not only delivers appropriate, affordable medical treatment to thousands of poor people, but goes beyond the clinic to address the social causes making them sick and keeping them from getting better.
As Dr. Farmer argues, improving the health of the poor is not just a medical challenge, but a question of human rights. Tackling the inequality, racism, sexism and other forms of "structural violence" which oppress the poor is as critical as extending the drugs. Or as his Haiti patients put it, medicine without food is like washing one's hands and drying them in the dirt.
Unfortunately, Dr. Farmer's powerful message is often weakened by his book's academic tone. It does, however, scream out in passages describing the human face of "structural violence". It is these personal stories that make Dr. Farmer's anger at such "stupid deaths" so compelling.
The good doctor's motives and methods are better described in Mountains Beyond Mountains. This biography by Tracy Kidder traces Dr. Farmer from his unconventional upbringing and unusual education, shuttling (来回穿梭于) between the shacks of central Haiti and the halls of Harvard Medical School, to his later work around the world. Though well written, Mr. Kidder's book also makes for uncomfortable reading. The author is clearly close to his subject, having traveled with Dr. Farmer from the green poverty of Haiti to the tubercular whiteness of Russia. Too close, perhaps. The biographer seems to be seeking his subject's approval, rather than the other way round. Mr. Kidder writes, rather disturbingly, about his fear of disappointing Dr. Farmer, his own pain at wounding him with a critical remark and his relief at the doctor's forgiveness.
When Mr. Kidder's health falls, this dependence becomes all the more intense. But rather
than compromise the book's equity(公正), this intimacy serves to highlight Dr. Farmer's admirable, yet ultimately irritating, character. As Mr. Kidder observes, "Farmer wasn't put on earth to make anyone feel comfortable, except those lucky enough to be his patients or those unlucky enough to need him."
57. What makes the "Partners in Health" system unique compared with traditional hospitals?
A) It makes attempts to help the poor on a social level.
B) It is aimed at treating poor people for free.
C) It is designed to help the poor rise from poverty.
D) It offers community help to those who are poor.
58. What can be inferred from the last sentence of the second paragraph?
A) Hands should not be dried in the dirt after washing.
B) Medicine is also needed for cleaning hands.
C) Medicine is not a long term cure to their poor health.
D) Food can cure their disease better than any medicine.
59. The disadvantage of Dr. Farmer's book seems to be that.
A) the plots in the book are not attractive enough
B) the way he tells the stories is not compelling enough
C) the anger he expresses at "stupid deaths" is too strong
D) the tone is not strong enough to arouse people's attention
60. Mr. Kidder's book also makes for uncomfortable reading because .
A) Mr. Kidder himself has never been involved in Dr. Farmer's life
B) Mr. Kidder is afraid of making true comments on Dr. Farmer
C) Mr. Kidder's emotions prevent him from independent writing
D) Mr. Kidder is always waiting for Dr. Farmer's forgiveness
61. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .
A) Dr. Farmer only helped those who are lucky enough
B) Dr. Farmer may have severely criticized the society
C) Dr. Farmer was not actually making his patients comfortable
D) Dr. Farmer's job is not to make people comfortable
答案及解析
Passage One
（原文翻译及题目出处）(52)电视通常被认为是不利于智力的媒介。但是真正聪明的人知道怎样利用最没有价值的东西，而这就是在伦敦卫生和热带医药学校的V al Curtis和她的同事们所做的事。(52)她们借助具有大众市场吸引力的电视来测试一个提出已久却没有被证实的假设：恶心的感觉是人们为了预防疾病而产生的。
(52)(53)他们的试验在2007年10月通过BBC一个被叫做"人类本能"的专栏节目上进行公布。他们邀请观众访问一个网站，在给出一系列个人细节信息后，(53)观众要看20张图片，并且用1-5分按照令人恶心的程度给照片打分。他们还要从一系列可能的候选人名单中选出他们最不愿意与谁共用牙刷。
测试结果显示，在所有七组图片中，疾病迹象很明显的图片比无疾病迹象的图片更令人恶心。对明显的体液外流或是有着被"放大了"的斑点的人脸的恶心就没有什么令人吃惊的了。只是一个拥挤的火车车厢比空着的要更令人恶心，而且(54)虱子比马蜂更令人恶心。
这些最终的结果证实了Curtis大夫的怀疑，即恶心不像很多研究恶心的学者认为的只是一种避免吃带有疾病的物质的方式。其实，恶心可以延伸到可能造成传染的威胁上。实际上，该研究的一个结果证实了年轻人比老年人更容易恶心。另外一个结果是女性比男性更容易恶心。这两点都有着进化方面的意义。(55)年轻人比老年人更具有繁殖能力，所以应该更注意他们接触什么和吃些什么。而妇女通常是负有养育孩子的担子，所以也必须为了后代和自身的利益去恶心。
牙刷试验的结果也有同样的道理。陌生人比熟人更容易携带新的病菌。因此，在与之共用牙刷的可选择项中，邮递员是最令人恶心的，而爱人则是最不令人恶心的。然而人们好像宁肯和天气预报员共用牙刷也不愿意和老板共用。(56)很明显，英国人对天气预报员比对老板感到亲近。或许在选项中放上一个著名电视节目主持人会更有启发意义?
52. D)。[定位]由题干定位到首段首句Television is often viewed as an anti-intellectual medium.
[解析]从原文首段最后一句"她们借助具有大众市场吸引力的电视来测试一个提出已久却没有被证实的假设"可推知，研究人员只不过是利用电视作为宣传他们的测试的媒体。第2段首句说"他们在BBC的节目上公布这个测试"也进一步证明了提到电视只不过是为了引
出宣传该测试的媒介。故D)"介绍借以宣传测试的媒介"为正确答案。
排除干扰A)"证明一些学者的声明错误"在原文没有涉及;B)"证明电视是英国人日常生
活的重要部分"并不是文章的中心所在，排除;C)"展示大众媒体是一个非常赢利的行业"在原文中没有提及;故均排除。
53. C)。[定位]由题干中的The experiment定位到第二段首句They set up their experiment in October 2007, by publicizing it on a BBC programme called "Human Instincts".
[解析]原文第二段一直在叙述试验进行的方式，主要是两件事，一是给图片定1-5的等级，二是选择你最不愿意与之共用牙刷的人。C)"为各种照片评级和进行一个选择"是对文意的概括，为正确答案。
排除干扰A)"观看名叫‘人类本能'的电视节目，并填写反馈表格"没涉及试验，而且试验里并没有填反馈表格，排除;B)"访问不同的网站然后给图片和数字配对"不是试验内容，排除;D)填写个人信息虽然正确，但是后面说"要选出一个牙刷"不是试验的内容，排除。
54. D)。[定位]由题干中的the result of the experiment定位到第三段首句The results showed that in all seven pairs...
[解析]由原文"虱子比马蜂更令人恶心"可以反推得知D)"马蜂会比虱子让人感觉好些"符合文意。
排除干扰原文只是说对于明显的体液外流或是有着被"放大了"的斑点的人脸的恶心就
没有什么令人惊奇的了，并没有在体液外流的人体和长满了斑点的脸之间进行比较，排除A);原文并没有对拥挤的火车车厢和虱子进行比较，排除B);原文并没有指明什么最令人恶心，且没有提及"流血的脸"也排除C)。
55. B)。[定位]由题干中的The results of the experiment make evolutionary sense可以定位到第四段第五句Both of these make evolutionary sense.
[解析]联系定位句的下文"年轻人比老年人更具有繁殖能力，所以应该更注意他们接触什么和吃些什么。而妇女通常是负有养育孩子的担子，所以也必须为了后代和自身的利益去恶心。"可以推知人们恶心其实都是和后代的安全相联系的。故B)"人们的恶心通常与孩子
的安危相联系"为正确答案。
排除干扰原文reproductive potential指的是繁殖后代的能力，而非生产食物的能力，排除A);原文虽提及女性养育后代，但并未提及她们更倾向于独立于男性的帮助之外，排除C);原文并没有将老年人和女性进行对比，排除D)。
56. C)。[定位]由题干定位到末段首句The results of the toothbrush study made similar sense.
[解析]联系原文可知，牙刷测试的结果也是"为了证明人们认为陌生人更容易携带新的病菌"。下文提到"很明显，英国人对天气预报员比对老板感到亲近"，由此推测C)"公众人物通常比老板更受英国人欢迎"正确。
排除干扰A)和B)的错误在于它们都说老板和邮递员本身是否干净，而试验只是说给人们的感觉，故都排除;D)的错误在于著名电视节目主持人其实根本不是测试选项之一，只是一个假设，无法判断其情况，也排除。
Passage T wo
（原文翻译及题目出处）提起健康问题，穷人的处境可谓雪上加霜。他们不但比富人更容易患上致命的传染病，而且他们远远没有能力去改善这一状况。二十年以前，美国的医生和人类学家Paul Farmer开始了解决这一问题的历程。在政治动荡、贫困严重的海地郊区，他创建了以社区为基础的医疗保健体系，被称作"Zanmi Lasante"或"健康之友"。它不仅给数以千计的穷人提供适当的可以支付得起的治疗，(57)而且还越过医疗层面，想要解决让穷人得病或很难康复的社会原因。
正如Farmer大夫所说，改善穷人的健康不是单纯的医学挑战，而是人权问题。它与不平等、种族主义、性别歧视和其他形式的"结构型暴力"等压迫穷人的现象作斗争和发放药品一样紧迫。或者就像他的海地病人的描述，(58)"提供了药品而没有食品，就像洗完了手在灰尘中晾干"。
(59)遗憾的是，Farmer大夫的强有力的信息通常被他所写的书中的学术口吻给减弱了。然而该书确实在一些描写人类面临"结构型暴力"的篇章中高声呐喊。但是还是那些他亲身经历的故事让他对"愚蠢的死亡"的愤怒表达得铿锵有力。
这位善良的医生的动机和方法在《山外有山》一书中得到了更好的描述。这本由Tracy Kidder 撰写的传记，追溯了Farmer大夫非同寻常的成长和教育背景，文字穿梭于海地中部的棚屋、哈佛大学医学院的礼堂和他后来在全世界所做的工作之间。尽管写得不错，但是Kidder先生的书读起来并不舒服。作者本人很明显和他所写的人物关系紧密，他和Farmer 大夫一起到过温暖而贫困的海地，也到过寒冷而易得结核病的俄罗斯。(60)可能是因为关系太亲密了，作者好像一直在寻求被描写对象的赞同。他非常苦恼地描述了他害怕让Farmer 大夫失望的恐惧和用批评的字眼伤害大夫的痛苦，以及对大夫的谅解所感到的欣慰。
当Kidder先生的健康每况愈下时，对大夫的这种依赖性就更加严重。但是，这不但没有使这本书有失公正，这种亲密倒突出了Farmer大夫那令人钦佩而又令人愤怒的性格。正如Kidder先生所写：(61)"Farmer不是到这个世界上让任何人都感到舒适的，除了那些幸运地成为他的病人的人，或者那些完全不幸地需要他的人。"
57. A)。[定位]由题干中的the "Partners in Health" system定位到原文首段第四句he created a community based health care system called Zanmi Lasante, or Partners in Health。
[解析]原文首段末尾说"它不仅给大量穷人提供适当的可以支付得起的治疗，还越过医疗层面，想要解决让穷人得病或很难康复的社会原因"。由此可推测此医疗系统与传统医院相比的独特之处在于It makes attempts to help the poor on a social level.(它试图在社会层面上帮助穷人)，故A)为正确答案。
排除干扰原文并没有说免费，而是"提供恰当的可以支付得起的治疗"，排除B);联系原文，可知其目的主要是为穷人治病，进而解决让穷人得病或很难康复的社会原因，并不是为了穷人脱贫，排除C);D) 中community help(社区救助)太过笼统和泛化，文中仅指有关治病的方面，也排除。
58. C)。[定位]由题干中的the last sentence of the second paragraph定位到原文第二段末句Or as his Haiti patients aptly put it, medicine without food is like washing one's hands and drying them in the dirt.
[解析]原文第二段强调了一个概念，即"穷人的健康问题其实不是简单的医疗问题，还有人权问题"。药物只能治愈穷人的疾病，没有食物，即没有消灭贫穷就像把手放在灰尘中晾干，手还会脏的，即还是会生病的。据此可以推知，C)Medicine is not a long term cure to their poor health(药物无法使他们长期保持健康)与文意相符，为正确答案。
排除干扰原文只是一个打比方的说法，并非真的说在那里晾手，排除A);原文并非指洗手也需要药物，这是对原文比喻的误解，排除B);联系原文可推知，食物是保持健康的保证，原文并没有对药物和食品的治疗功效进行比较，也排除D)。
59. D)。[定位]由题干中的The disadvantage of Dr. Farmer's book定位到原文第三段首句Unfortunately, Dr. Farmer's powerful message is often weakened by his book's academic tone.
[解析]该句说明"他的强有力的信息通常被他所写的书的学术口吻给减弱了"，言下之意就是口气不够强，故D)"口气不够强，很难引起他人的注意"与文意相符，正确。
排除干扰原文并没有对他的书的情节进行评价，故A)"书中的情节不够吸引人"与原文不符，排除;原文没有对该书内容叙述的方式做出评价，故B)认为"其内容叙述方式不够吸引人"与原文不符，排除;他对"愚蠢的死亡"的愤怒表达得铿锵有力是该书的优点，与题干所问不符，故排除C)。
60. C)。[定位]由题干可以定位到原文第四段第三句Though well written, Mr. Kidder s book also makes for uncomfortable reading.
[解析]原文第四段最后两句说"作者好像一直在寻求描写对象的同意，他非常苦恼地描述了他害怕让Farmer大夫失望的恐惧和用批评的字眼伤害大夫的痛苦以及对大夫的谅解所感到的欣慰"。由此推测，他对大夫的情感使他不能独立地写作。故C)"Mr. Kidder的感情妨碍了他写作的独立性"正确。
排除干扰由原文"他和Farmer大夫一起到过温暖而贫困的海地，也到过寒冷而易得结核病的俄罗斯"可推知，两者曾在一起生活过，故排除A);原文只是说Mr. Kidder在写作上考虑了Dr. Farmer的认同，并没有说他害怕做出真实的评论，故排除B);原文说道该书中已经描写了Mr. Kidder在得到Dr. Farmer的谅解后所感到的欣慰，故D)"他还一直在等后者的谅解"错误，也排除。
61. B)。[定位]由题干中的from the last paragraph可以定位到末段。
[解析]原文末段说"这种亲密倒突出了Farmer大夫那令人钦佩而又令人愤怒的性格"。Kidder先生写道，"Farmer不是到这个世界上让任何人感到舒适的"，由此推知，他对社会的种种不平等，特别是"结构型暴力"非常愤怒，因此很可能曾严厉地批评过这个社会，因此才会"让很多人感到不舒服"，故B)正确。
排除干扰原文说，能得到Farmer医治的人是幸运的，并非说只帮助那些足够幸运的人，A)与原文不符;C)错误，原文说除了那些幸运地成为他的病人的人，或那些完全不幸地需要他的人，Farmer不是到这个世界上让任何人感到舒适的，意思并非让他的病人不舒服，排除;D)忽视了其作为医生为病人治病，给人带来健康的一面，故排除。
大学英语四级阅读理解训练 Classified advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising. Such groupings as “Help Wanted”, “Real Estate”, “Lost and Found” are made, the rate charged being less than for display advertising. Classified advertisements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser. The reader who is interested in a particular kind of advertisement finds all advertisements of that type grouped for him. The advertisers may, on this account, use a very small advertisement if it were placed among larger advertisements in the paper. It is evident that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a different frame of mind from that in which he approaches the other advertisements in the paper. He turns to a page of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely too much extent on display type to get the reader’s attention. Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type. With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the reader’s attention. In many cases, the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way, the classified advertisement has in reality advertisement. This is particularly true of real estate advertising? 1. All of the following facts are advantages of classified advertisement for advertisers EXCEPT that ____. A) classified advertisement charges less money B) it is easier to attract the attention of the target consumers C) it provides more information for the readers
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 综合题，请根据题目给出的内容，来回答下面给出的试题。An unidentified wit once said, "laugh, and the world laughs with you. Snore, and you sleep alone." Yet snoring is far from a laughing matter, as those unfortunates with good hearing, who are rightly subjected to the sounds of the snoring disorder, will testify. It has been estimated that one of eight Americans snores; this means that there are approximately 21 million people --- women as well as men - who render an unpleasant sound when they are asleep. And assuming that each snorer disturbs the sleep of at least one other person, it necessarily follows that there are 21 million unhappy listeners. While a sleeping person breathes, either in or out, several structures in his nose and throat generate the snoring. The sounds, coming from the soft palate and other soft structures of the throat, are caused by vibratory responses to inflowing and outflowing air. When the soft tissues of the mouth and throat come close to the lining of the throat, the vibrations that occur are caused by the position of the tongue. In short, the noise made by snoring can be compared to the noise when breezes flutter a flag on a pole. The frequency of the vibrations depends on the size, density, and elasticity of the affected tissues and on the force of the air flow. Although it is usually the process of in haling or exhaling through the mouth that cause snoring, short snores come from the nose of an open-mouthed sleeper. In all fairness to snorers, however, it should be emphasized that snoring is an involuntary out which stops as the offender is awakened. 请根据上面给出的内容，来回答下面的单项选择题（下列每小题备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案。每小题0分，共5题。）16. If each snorer disturbs the sleep of one other person,the number of Americans that are unfortunately subjected the sound of the snores will be _____. A ：one out of five B ：one out of eight C ：eight out of one hundred D ：one out of eighteen 请选择答案：A:B:C:D:17. The snoring is caused by _____. A ：the soft palate and other structures of the throat B ：the inflwoing and outflwoing air through the nose C ：the inflowing and outflowing air throught mouth D ：the vibrations as a result of the inflwoing and outflowing air 请选择答案：A:B:C:D:18. If a person produces short snores,most probably he has _____. A ：a soft palate B ：a big nose
2020年12月英语四级试题一仔细阅读真题答案（网 友版） Everybody sleeps—so goes theSesame Street song meant for obstinately awakechildren. That may be true, but what people stay up late tocatch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies byculture. Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the startor end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day after President VladimirPutin shifted the country permanently to “winter time”star ting on October 26. Russia’s other latenights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays.One such spike was on New Year’s Eve, which Russians tend to ringin with unusual fervor, as well as on World War II Victory Day.According to another Jawbonefinding,Russians have the world's latest bedtime on December 31, hittingthe hay at around 3：30 a.m. Russians also got upan hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for coddlingand celebrating female relatives. Similarly, Americans’late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps coincided withthree-day weekends. Canada got the leastsleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockeyfinal. The World Cup wasalso a major sleep-deprivation culprit. The worst night for sleepin the U.K. was the night of the
2019英语四级考试阅读理解练习20篇（4） 文化背景对商业运作的影响 Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. 『This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables： language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions.』① To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience. The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging. The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness.
大学英语四级阅读理解（1）We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming(把......按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade! Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning. In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every
英语四级仔细阅读练习题及答案解析 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级仔细阅读练习题及答案解析》的内容，具体内容：仔细阅读在英语四级中占有重要地位，在备考时间里需要考生抓紧阅读题的练习。下面我为大家带来英语四级仔细阅读练习题解析，供考生备考练习。英语四级仔细阅读练习题原文A rem...仔细阅读在英语四级中占有重要地位，在备考时间里需要考生抓紧阅读题的练习。下面我为大家带来英语四级仔细阅读练习题解析，供考生备考练习。 英语四级仔细阅读练习题原文 A remarkable variety of insects live in this planet More species of insects exist than all otheranimal species together. Insects have survived on earth for more than 300 million years, andmay possess the ability to survive for millions more. Insects can be found almost everywhere -- on the highest mountains and on the bottom ofrushing streams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through theground, jump and sing in the trees,and run and dance in the air. They come in many differentcolors and various shapes. Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating (授粉)our cropsas well as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and otherareas. But licks and some insects, suchas mosquitoes and fleas, can transmit disease.
2020年英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(1) Passage 1 In the old days,children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. This is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters (年轻人)who have never been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member. Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick，we transfer them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients—even when those patients are their parents. This deprives (剥夺)the dying patient of significant family members during the last few days of his life and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an important learning experience. Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed approximately 500 terminally ill patients in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit,not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome. It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients’ communications in order to truly understand their needs，fears，and fantasies (幻想). Most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly，and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to
2014年6月英语四级仔细阅读真题（第一套）及 答案 Passage One Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage. When young women were found to make only 82 percent of what their male peers do just one year out of college, many were at a loss to explain it. All the traditional reasons put forward to interpret the pay gap-that women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids, for example, or that they don't seek as many management roles-failed to justify this one. These young women didn't have kids yet. And because they were just one year removed from their undergraduate degrees, few of these women yet had the chance to go after (much less decline) leadership roles. But there are other reasons why the pay gap remains so persistent. The first is that no matter how many women may be getting college degrees, the university experience is still an unequal one. The second is that our higher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students' years on campus. Now that women are the majority of college students and surpass men in both the number of undergraduate and advanced degrees awarded, one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place. It is not. Studies show that while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off during their college years. They enroll in different kinds of classes, tend to major in less rigorous (非常严格的) subjects, and generally head off with less ambitious plans. As a result, it's not surprising that even the best educated young women enter the workplace with a slight disadvantage. Their college experience leaves them somewhat confused, still stumbling (栽倒) over the dilemmas their grandmothers' generation sought to destroy. Are they supposed to be pretty or smart? Strong or sexy (性感的) All their lives, today's young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passion-to pursue science and sports, math and theater-and do it all as well as they possibly can. No wonder they are not negotiating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school. They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing. 56. Traditionally, it is believed that women earn less than men because ______. A) they have failed to take as many rigorous courses B) they do not feel as fit for management roles C) they feel obliged to take care of their kids at home D) they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities 57. What does the author say about America's higher education system? A) It does not offer specific career counseling to women. B) It does not consider its economic impact on graduates. C) It does not take care of women students' special needs. D) It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects. 58. What does the author say about today's college experience? A) It is different for male and female students. B) It is not the same as that of earlier generations. C) It is more exhausting than most women expect. D) It is not so satisfying to many American students. 59. What does the author say about women students in college? A) They have no idea how to bring out their best. B) They drop a course when they find it too rigorous. C) They are not as practical as men in choosing courses. D) They don't perform as well as they did in high school. 60. How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.
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3 大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四） 十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. 1.Pruning should be done to ______. a.make the tree grow taller
四级考试仔细阅读练习题 Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea. Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes
英语四级阅读理解精选模拟练习 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级阅读理解精选模拟练习》的内容，具体内容：在英语学习过程中，阅读理解能力是学习者发展语言能力的基础和手段。国内的各类英语考试中几乎都有阅读理解题型，大学英语四级考试也不例外。大学英语四级阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型，为了提... 在英语学习过程中，阅读理解能力是学习者发展语言能力的基础和手段。国内的各类英语考试中几乎都有阅读理解题型，大学英语四级考试也不例外。大学英语四级阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型，为了提高大家的阅读水平，下面是我为大家带来，希望对大家的学习有所帮助! 四级阅读理解精选模拟练习一： Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes,and even snowblindness,when exposed to several hours of "snow light" . The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered country.Rather, a mans eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire