第11讲情态动词
情态动词
这类词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态，如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。
它们不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词（原形）一起作谓语，表示完整的意思，
例如：I can dance.（我会跳舞。）can, 能, 会
Be able to代替can, 也可以表示能力。但can只有一般现在时和一般过去时(could), 而be able to则有更多的时态形式，例如：
My little brother has been able to write.
2）表示允许，准许，这时can与may可以互换，例如：
Can/May I borrow your bike tomorrow?
Yes, of course. You can/may use my bike tomorrow.
You can’t smoke here.
表示请求时肯定的回答方式有：Yes, you can.∕Of course.∕ Certainly. ∕Sure
否定回答方式有：No, you can’t∕ No，you mustn’t.
3）表示客观可能性，用在否定句和疑问句中表示说话人的怀疑、猜测或不肯定。例如：He cannot/can’t be there.
Can this news be true?
4）could除表示can的过去式外，在口语中还常代替can，表示非常委婉的请求。
这时could和can没有时间上的差别。例如：
Could/Can you tell me if he will go tomorrow?
Could/Can I ask you something if you are not busy?
2.may和might
1)表示“准许”和“许可”，这时可与can替换。例如：
May (can) I use your dictionary for a moment?
May I take these magazines out of the reading r oom? No, you mustn’t.
2)表示说话人的猜测，认为某事“可能”发生，例如：
Where’s John? He may be at the library.
Mr. Green hasn’t talked with her. He may not know her.
He may be at home.
Maybe he was at home.
3)might除表示may的过去式外，在口语中还常代替may, 表示非常委婉的请示或实现的可能性较小。这时might和may没有时间上的差异。
例如：Might (May) I speak to you for a few minutes? Might I have a photo of your family?
3.must
1)must表示说话人的主观意志，表示义务、命令或必要、应当和必须等。现在式与过去式同形。如：I must go to school today.
He told me I mustn’t leave until my mother came.
2)must表示推测，“一定是”、“准是”，例如：
They must be very tired. Let them have a rest.
Jack doesn’t look well. He must be ill.
注意：
?have to表示“必须”、“不得不”，它不仅能代替must, 用于现在时和过去时以外的其他时态，表示说话人的主观看法，而且又表示客观上的需要。例如：
If we miss the last bus, we shall have to walk home.
The ship started to go down slowly. We must leave the ship.
?在回答must的疑问句时，否定回答常用needn’t表示“不必”，例如：Must I return this book to you in two weeks?（这本书我两星期以后必须还你吗？）Yes, you must.（是的。）
No, you needn’t.（不，不必了。）
4.need
need（需要）既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词。
1) need作情态动词时，只用于否定句或疑问句。例如：
It’s warm today. You needn’t put on your coat.
Need I post your books to you?
2) need作及物动词时：
need sth ∕to do sth ∕doing sth
四．情态动词常见句型
1、Can I help you? ——Yes, please. / No, thanks.
2、Can + 主语+ 动词原形? Yes, ～can. No, ～can’t.
3、Can I borrow your book?----Yes, of course.
4、Can I write on the book? ------No, you can’t\mustn’t.
5、Could \Can you help me?---- Yes, of course.\Certainly.\ Sure.
6、Could \Can you tell me the way to the Zoo?
7、May I come in ?----- Come in, please.
8、May I sit here?----- Yes, please.\Sorry, please don’t.
9、May I have some Coke?---- Yes, of course.
10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? -----Speaking. Who’s calling?
11、should 、shouldn’t 表示劝告：
1) He should get up early.
2) She shouldn’t play computer game too much.
12、Should +主语+动词原形? Yes, ～should.\ No, ～shouldn’t.
13、表示建议“你愿意…吗”
----Would you like to go shopping with me?
-----Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.
14、就餐用语Would you like something to eat\drink? ----Yes, I’d like…
15、shall用于第一人称(I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议“……好吗?”
1) Where shall we have dinner?
2) Shall we go fishing? -----All right. \OK. \Good idea.
16、Must + 主语+ 动词原形? ---Yes,～must.\No, ～needn’t.
1.情态动词的种类和主要用法；
2.各个情态动词之间的意义区分；
3.常见的含有情态动词的口语；
4.
（不用添加内容，任课老师根据学生情况自行添加）
适当的情态动词填空:
1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you ________.
答案：needn’t
2. ________ I use your car? Yes, you ________.
答案：Can, can’t
3. ________ I go home now? No, you _________ stay here.
答案：Can, must
4. My mother is ill. I _________ stay at home and look after her.
答案：should
5. ________ you like some tea?
答案：Would
6. You ________ take more exercise.
答案：should
7. ________ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?
答案：Can
8. The clock ________ tell us the time.
答案：can
9. ________ you like to go fishing with me?
答案：Would
10. ________ we play football this afternoon?
答案：Can
This is Lucy and that is Lily. They are twins. They look 1 . They are 2 . They are new students in 3 class. They are 4 Grade One. Jim can 5 them. They are new 6 . They go to the shop(商店) . They would like something 7 and drink. Lucy would like 8 some bread. Lily would like 9 a bottle of 10 . Jim would like some apples.
( )1.A. a same B. the same C. same D. an same
答案与解析：B 固定词组look the same意为“看起来很像”。
( )2.A. twin B. sisters C. brothers D. American
答案与解析：B Lucy和Lily为女孩名又是双胞胎，所以她们应是姐妹关系。
( )3.A. Jim B. of Jim C. Jim’s D. of Jim’s
答案与解析：C 名词加“s”表示有生命的东西的名词所有格。
( )4.A. on B. at C. in D. of
答案与解析：C 表示在哪个年级，班级用介词in.
( )5.A. look like B. look after C. look at D. look
答案与解析：B look after意为“照顾，照看”，look like意为“看起来像”,look at意为“看……”look意为“看”。
( )6.A. teachers B. student C. friends D. boys
答案与解析：C 本句是说Jim和双胞胎两个是好朋友。
( )7.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats
答案与解析：B something to eat意为“一些吃的东西。”something to drink表示“一些喝的东西”，两者均为不定式作定语时放在所修饰词的后面。
( )8.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats
答案与解析：B would like后面接不定式，即：would like to do sth.意为“想要干某事。”( )9.A. to drink B. to eat C. to give D. drink
答案与解析：A eat表示“吃”，drink表示“喝”。
( )10.A. orange B. an orange C. oranges D. some orange
答案与解析：A 瓶子装的应是桔汁而不是桔子。orange作“桔汁”讲时，为不可数名词，前面不可用不定冠词修饰，也不能加s.
It’s a fine day today. Jim’s families 1 having a picnic(野餐) .They put a big cloth (布)on the ground(地面). 2 it are some yellow bananas, red apples, 3 and some white eggs. The woman in the white trousers 4 Mrs Green. She is thirty-five . She is
5 English teacher in No. 12 Middle School. The man is
6 father. He is forty. His shirt is black and his trousers
7 yellow. He is a teacher, too. They have a black car,
but you can’t see8 in the picture. 9 that boy? That’s Jim. He is drinking(喝水).His shirt is green. The girl 10 him is his sister, Kate. 11 is in a red dress today. Can you see the bag? Yes, it’s behind their father. What a nice picture12 .
( )1.A. is B. are C. isn’t D. aren’t
答案与解析：B family如果指一个家庭里的成员时，后面的动词要用复数形式。
( )2.A. In B. Near C. On D. Under
答案与解析：C on it 指代on the big cloth.
( )3.A.oranges oranges B.orange oranges
C.orange orange
D. oranges orange
答案与解析：B orange oranges意为“桔色的桔子”前一个orange是形容词指颜色，后一
个orange作名词，意为“桔子。”
( )4.A. is B. are C. in D. am
答案与解析：A 本句主语The woman in the white trousers意为“穿白色的裤子的那位女子”，是单数，所以系动词用is.
( )5.A. a B. the C. an D. x
答案与解析：C an用在发元音音素开头的单词前。
( )6.A. Sam B. Sam’s C. Sams’s D. Sams’
答案与解析：B 表示有生命的东西的名词所有格用单数名词+’s.
( )7.A. are B. be C. is D. have
答案与解析：A trousers 作主语时，谓语动词应用复数。
( )8.A. them B. him C. it D. her
答案与解析：C 此处填it指代上句提到的a black car.
( )9.A. What’s B. Who’s C. Where’s D. How’s
答案与解析：B Who用于问某人的姓名或某人与他人的关系。
( )10.A. back B. behind C. of D. to
答案与解析：B behind是表示方位的介词，意为“在……后面”。
( )11.A. Her B. Hers C. She D. He
答案与解析：C 本空要填作主语的人称代词She 指代The girl.
( )12.A. is it B. it is C. is D. it
答案与解析：B 本句为一个感叹句。感叹句一般由What或How引导。What 用作定语修饰名词。How用作状语，修饰形容词，副词或动词。另外感叹句中的主谓要用陈述句的语序。
A
选出正确答案。
1）Lucy should her homework now.
A. finishes
B. finishing
C. finished
D. finish
答案：D
2）My mother would back soon.
A. came
B. comes
C. come
D. will come
答案：C
3）Could you me a hand.
A. giving
B. gives
C. given
D. give
答案：D
4）Should I now.
A. started
B. starting
C. start
D. starts
答案：C
5）I take this one?
A. Could
B. Will
C. Are
D. Do
答案：
6）- Can you speak English?
- No, I .
A. mustn't
B. can't
C. couldn't
D. may not
答案：B
7）You go and see a doctor because you had a fever(发烧).
A. could
B. might
C. should
D. would
答案：C
8）Jim come tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. should
B. might
C. would
D. shall
答案：B
9）The children play football on the road.
A. couldn't
B. could
C. must
D. mustn't
答案：D
10）- Can I take this book out?
- No, you .
A. must not
B. could not
C. will not
D. aren't
答案：A
11）I like to go with you.
A. could
B. would
C. should
D. will
答案：B
12）She is bleeding (流血). She go to hospital quickly.
A. could
B. would
C. should
D. will
答案：C
13）You watch TV after finishing your homework.
A. would
B. can
C. must
D. should
答案：D
14）It is late. I go home now.
A. could
B. would
C. should
D. will
答案：C
15）- What I do at the meeting?
A. has to
B. would like
C. should
D. not should
答案：C
B
按要求改写句子。
1. I can swim fast.
I ________ ________ fast. (否定句)
答案：can’t swim
2. You must return the books now.（一般疑问句）
- ________ I the books now? - No, you ________.
答案：Must, needn’t
3. They could take the books out of the room. （否定句）
They ________ ________ the books out of the room.
答案：couldn’t take
4. He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句）
_______ he ______ basketball well?
答案：Can, play
5. You should get up early. (否定句)
You _______ get up late.
答案：shouldn’t
6. Could I borrow your pen? (肯定否定回答)
答案：Yes, you could./ No, you couln’t.
C
Mr Hu 1 us English this term. He is nice. He 2 wearing a white shirt and
black trousers. He 3 very good English . He often 4 with us. We all like him very much.
Mr Hu 5 two l ittle sons. They’re twin brothers. They are only five. They often 6 the same clothes. 7 Betty goes to Mr Hu’s home. She loves to8 the twins and play with 9 . Mr Hu 10 his sons, Bao Bao and Bei Bei.
( )1.A. tells B. teaches C. speaks D. works
答案与解析：B 句型teach sb sth意为“教某人……”
( )2.A. is B. likes C. want D. does
答案与解析：A 此空填is补全现在进行时结构：主语+be+动词ing的形式。
( )3.A. speaks B. says C. tells D. teaches
答案与解析：A 说某种语言用speak.
( )4.A. says B. speaks C. talks D. tells
答案与解析：C talk with sb表示“和某人交谈”。
( )5.A. wants B. has C. looks after D. teaches
答案与解析：B 表示某人有某物，主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用has.
( )6.A. wear B. put on C. have D. in
答案与解析：A wear = be in表示“穿着”、“戴着”，强调状态。
( )7.A. But B. And C. Then D. Sometimes
答案与解析：D Sometimes意为“有时”，本句意思是贝蒂有时去胡先生的家。
( )8.A. look B. think C. take D. see
答案与解析：D 此处see sb表示看望某人。
( )9.A. twins B. ones C. they D. them
答案与解析：D with为介词后面要用代词的宾格形式。
( )10.A. calls B. name C. thinks D. think
答案与解析：A 此处call表示“称呼、叫”
( B ) 1、You ________ be careful with fire when you have a picnic in the forest. It's too dangerous.
A、will
B、must
C、can
D、may
( C ) 2、----- Tom , don't drive too fast , you _______ hit the others' cars.
----- OK , I won't , Mum.
A、must
B、need
C、may
D、have to
( D ) 3、You gave made the same mistake once again. You _______ be more careful next time.
A、can
B、may
C、had to
D、should
( C ) 4、----- What are you going to eat for supper?
----- I __________ have noodles.
A、need to
B、must
C、may
D、can
( C ) 5、----- May I put my bike here?
----- No, you ________. You should put it over there.
A、chouldn't
B、needn't
C、mustn't
D、won't
( C ) 6、----- ________ you come to my birthday party tomorrow, Robert?
----- I'm afraid not. I have to study for my exam.
A、Must
B、Should
C、Can
D、need
( A ) 7、----- _________ you play golf?
----- No.But I can play table tennis.
A、Can
B、May
C、Must
D、Should
( D )8、----- Jill looks so painful, there ________ be something wrong with her.
----- Oh, dear! We'd better take her to the nearest hospital at once.
A、can
B、should
C、would
D、must
( A ) 9、----- Who is the girl standing over there?
----- Well, if you ________know, her name is Joe.
A、must
B、may
C、
D、
( A ) 10、That tall boy ________ be John. John is medium height.
A、mustn't
B、must
C、can't
D、might
( A ) 11、----- My car was broken down. Could you please give me a ride tomorrow.
----- I'm sorry I _______ . I'm leaving for London tonight.
A、can't
B、mustn't
C、couldn't
D、shouldn't
( A ) 12、----- Shall we go shopping now ?
----- I'm afraid we ________ buy anything. All shops are closed.
A、can't
B、needn't
C、mustn't
D、shouldn't
( B ) 13、----- Must I stay here for hours?
----- No, you ________. You can leave any time.
A、mustn't
B、needn't
C、can't
D、can
( B ) 14、----- May I go surfing alone this afternoon?
----- No, you _______ . It's dangerous.
A、may not
B、can't
C、needn't
D、don't
( A )15、You ________ stop your car when the traffic light is red.
A、must
B、may
C、can
D、might
单项选择。
（）1. you like some milk ?
A. Would
B. Could
C. Can
答案：A
（）2. We pick the flower in the park.
A. can’t
B. don't
C. mustn’t
答案：C
( ) 3.W e should more trees, and we shouldn’t cut any trees.
A. plant
B. planting
C. plants
答案：A
( ) 4.May I have some coffee?
A. Yes, you have.
B. Yes, you can.
C. Yes, certainly.
答案：C
( ) 5.Would you like something to eat?
A. Yes, we would.
B. Yes, I’d like some cakes.
C. Yes, of course.
答案：B
( ) 6. What can I do for you?
A. Yes, you can.
B. No, I can do it.
C. Yes. I’d like some orange s.
答案：C
Jim and Bill are 1 .They are 2 twelve. They are American and they are in the same class 3 their school. 4 Li is 5 English teacher. He is a good 6 . They love 7 very much. They have two good 8 . 9 names are Lucy and Lily. They are 10 .
( )1.A. teachers B. workers C. students D. twin
答案与解析：C 由下文They are twelve，确定他们不可能是teachers, workers,而选项D 没有加s，因此只能选C。
( )2.A. both B. all C. too D. two
答案与解析：A both是“两者都”之意，用于be 动词之后。B项all是三者、三者以上“都”，选项C、D都不合题意。
( )3.A. at B. in C. of D. to
答案与解析：B “在学校”可用at school，但school前有修饰词a或one’s 介词要用in. ( )4.A. Mr B. Mrs C. Miss D. Teacher
答案与解析：A 由下文He确定老师是男性，B项Mrs是“夫人”之意，C项Miss“女士”“小姐”均为女性，选项D为teacher，英语中对老师的称呼用Miss或Mr加姓，不能用汉语直译。
( )5.A. a B. an C. their D. they
答案与解析：C 由上下文判断此处应用物主代词their“他们的”。如：李老师可说Miss Li，Mr Li而不能用Teacher Li.
( )6.A. worker B. teacher C. father D. mother
答案与解析：B 由文中知道He是老师。
( )7.A. her B. his C. he D. him
答案与解析：D him“他”是句子宾语，应用代词的宾格形式，四个选项中只有D为宾格。( )8.A. friends B. students C. brothers D. sisters
答案与解析：A 根据下文可知本句应是他们有两位好朋友。
( )9.A. Their B. Our C. They D. They’re
答案与解析：A “名字叫……”names前要加物主代词their，句首要大写。
( )10.A. all American B. American girl C. America D. American teachers
答案与解析：A 此题用排除法。选项D是美国老师们，而这些孩子是学生不可能是老师，选项C是国家名词“美国”，B项American后面的名词未加s，且四个孩子不都是女孩。只有选项A适合题意，意为“他们都是美国人”。
情态动词精品学案 情态动词解读: ①本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词。 ②不能单独作谓语。 ③和其他动词原形构成谓语。 ④谓语动词之前。 ⑤无人称和数的变化。 ⑥否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。 ⑦个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或 将来。 经典例句： We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。 May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗？ Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗？ How dare you treat us like that! 你怎么敢那样对待我们! We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 情态动词考点： 1.情态动词表示推测。 2.情态动词的基本用法。 3.情态动词的答语。 1 / 17
常见情态动词： 情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词的基本用法： 一、can, could 1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）时，等于be able to 。 a)Can you lift this heavy box?（体力） b)Are you able to lift this heavy box? c)Mary can speak three languages.（知识） d)Is Mary able to speak three languages? e)Can you skate?（技能） 此时可用be able to代替。 2) can表示请求和允许。 -----Can I go now? ----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。（特别注明：这是在表示请求和允许的时候。） ---- Could I come to see you tomorrow? ---- Yes, you can. (No, I’m afraid not. ) can't在否定句中可以表示命令，不允许，但是语气比mustn't弱，具有劝慰的意思. 3)can表示“有时会”： A kind person can lose temper sometimes. 4）表示与五种感官和知觉的动词连用。 I can hear/ see you clearly from here. You can imagine how annoyed she was ! 2 / 17
高中英语情态动词精讲与解析 概说 助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类：基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词有三个：do, have和be；情态助动词有十三个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 上述两类助动词的共同特征是，在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时，具有作用词的功能： 1）构成否定式： He didn't go and neither did she. The meeting might not start until 5 o'clock. 2）构成疑问式或附加疑问式： Must you leave right now? You have been learning French for 5 years, haven't you? 3）构成修辞倒装： Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister. Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 4）代替限定动词词组： A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle? B: Tom can. A: Shall I write to him? B: Yes, do. 情态助动词的特征 基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想： What have you been doing since? （构成完成进行体，本身无词义） I am afraid I must be going. （一定要） You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经） 除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征： 1）除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought
（一） 情态动词常考点 （一） 表能力 can be able to will be able to could was/ were able to could have + ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?表示现在的能力 ：表示将来的能力 表示过去的能力 过去分词：表示过去有能力做但未做 如：I am starving to death 。I can eat two bowls of rice now 。 （现在的能力）我快饿死了，现在我能吃两碗米饭。 If you have a good sleep ，you will be able to work out this problem 。 （将来的能力）如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out 。 （过去有能力做并且成功的做了某事）尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆，但是每个人都能够逃出 去。 I could have worked out the problem ，but I didn ’t 。 （过去有能力做但未做）我本来可以解决这个问题，但没有解决。 （二） 表推测（可能性） 1. 可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can 可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can 一般不用于肯定句。如： Accident can happen on such rainy days 。 这样的多雨天气有可能会发生事故。（客观的可能性） Peter may come with us tonight ，but he isn ’t sure yet 。 彼得今晚可能和我们来，但他还没确定。（实际可能性，不用can ） 2. 表示具体事情实际发生的可能性： （1）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的层次比较 （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may ，must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not 表示“可能不”）；can 常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could 既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。如： This can ’t/ couldn ’t be done by him 。（表不相信） 这不可能是他做的。 This may not be done by him 。（表不确定） 这可能不是他做的。 He could be on his way home now 。（could 不如may/ might 常用） 他现在可能在回家的路上。 Can this be done by him ？（表示疑惑、惊讶） 这可能是他做的吗？ Mr. Bush is on time for everything 。How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony ？（表示疑惑、惊讶） 布什先生做每件事都很按时。他怎么可能在开幕仪式上迟到呢？ I didn ’t hear the phone 。I must have been asleep 。（表肯定） 我没听到电话。我肯定已经睡着了。 3. would ，could ，might 并不一定与过去时间有关，而是表示可能性弱于他们相应的现在时形式。另外should 也不一定与过去时间有关。如： This may/ might be done by him 。（后者比前者语气弱）
高中英语语法之情态动词 （一）情态动词的定义：情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。 （二）情态动词的特点：1）有一定词义；2）不受主语人称和数的变化影响；3）与主要动词 的原形（或称不带to的不定式）一起构成谓语（除ought to作固定词组看待）。 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。 He could be here soon. 他很快就来。We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 I'm sorry I can't help you. 对不起，我帮不上你。 基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则 有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想： What have you been doing since? （构成完成进行体，本身无词义） I am afraid I must be going. （一定要） You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经） 除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征： 1）除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought to 和used to看做是固定词组的话，那么，所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式：We used to grow beautiful roses. I asked if he would come and repair my television set. 2）情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一：They need not have been punished so severely. 3）情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候，没有词形变化，即其词尾无-s形式： She dare not say what she thinks. 4）情态动词没有非限定形式，即没有不定式和分词形式，也没有相应的动名词： Still, she needn't have run away. 5）情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合，情态助动词的现在 时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间：Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something? She told him he ought not to have done it. 6）情态助动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词，但 有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用：You should have washed the wound. Well, you shouldn't be reading a novel. （三）情态动词有四类：①只做情态动词：must,can(could),may(might),ought to ②可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need,dare ③可做情态动词又可做助动词：shall(should),will(would) ④具有情态动词特征：have(had,has) to,used to ⑤情态动词表猜测 （四）情态动词的基本用法 1. can (could) 1）表示能力，could主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗？ 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。 The temperature can fall to –60℃, that is 60℃ below freezing. 气温可降至—60℃，也就是零下60℃。 t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 He can′ t (couldn′ re walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. You mustn′ t smoke while you′
情态动词的用法 A. can; could; be able to Can 1. 表示“能力”(此时过去时是could) 2.表示许可、请求，“可以”。--Can/Could I go now? 3 表示推测, 把握很大,could也可表推测,把握比can小。 --Look! Someone is coming! Who can it be? --It can?t be him. He has gone to Paris.（不可能）/ He could be here soon. 他很快就来。 4 表示感情（惊异/不耐烦）“究竟，到底”（主要用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中。） How can you be so foolish? What can it possibly be? 到底那是怎么一回事? They can?t be working at this time of day. 5 肯定句中客观存在的可能性。“有时会，偶尔” It can be quite windy there, especially in spring. Could 1.表示能力，can 的过去式，过去能够 Could you speak English then? 那时候你会说英语吗? 2. 请求允许（委婉语气）（问句的答语不用could，而用can，） Could [Can] I use your pen? ” “Yes, of course you can.”/ No, I?m afraid not. 3. 表示推测可能性（肯，否，疑） We could go there this summer. 今年夏天我们可能要去那儿。(将来可能性) You could be right, but I don?t think you are. 你可能是对的，但我并不认为你是对的。 4. could have done ①对过去推测，可能已经。。。②本来能够却没做，差点就 He can?t [couldn?t] have seen her there. 他不可能在那儿见到她。 He could have gone home. 他可能已回家了 He could have told her, but he didn?t choose to. 他本来可以告诉她的，但他却没有。 B. may 和might 1.表示允许﹑许可，might提问更委婉。 ---May/Might I watch TV after supper? ---Yes, you may./ Yes, please./ Certainly. ---No, you mustn't. / No, you may not. / No, you can?t./No, you?d better not. 2. 表示推测，有“或许”、“可能”的意思。might把握更小。疑问句用can/ could. ?He may/might be right./ I hear there may be a few copies left. ?He may/might come today (tomorrow). 3. may表示祝愿，倒装。May +主语+动词原形。May you succeed!/May you all be happy. ☆may [might] as well…意为“不妨”、“还是…为好”等，用might 比用may 语气更委婉。如：I?m ready，so I might as well go now．我已准备好，因此不妨现在就走。 There?s nothi ng to do, so I may [might] as well go to bed. ☆may well... 完全可能 C. must, have to Must 1. 表示“必须”。否定式mustn?t表示“不可以”、“不准”、“禁止”等。 Everybody must obey the rules../You mustn?t lend it to others./You mustn?t speak like that to your mother. ☆在回答有“must” 的询问时，--- Must I go now? --- Yes, you must. ---No, you needn?t. / No, you don?t have to.
历年全国高考英语情态动词试题汇总及答案 一、单项选择情态动词 1．The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed. A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．wouldn’t D．mightn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：无论她怎么使劲推，门就是打不开。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. couldn’t 不能够；C. wouldn’t不愿意；D. mightn’t可能不。will及其过去式would均可表示一种倾向性、习惯。故选C。 2．He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he ________ be quite charming when he wishes. A．shall B．should C．can D．must 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。 3．— Mum, little Ray broke his toys again! —It doesn't matter. You see, accidents _____happen. A．shall B．should C．must D．will 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：——妈妈，小雷又弄坏了他的玩具。——没事的，你看，意外总会发生。A. shall将要，会；B. should应当；C. must必须；D. will总是。Will可以表示习惯，意思为“惯于，总是”。故D选项正确。 【点睛】 will/would是情态动词，其表达的意思如下。 (1)表示意志或意愿：决心，愿意，……好吗? We will do our best to save the child. 我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。 I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldn’t listen. 我叫她别哭，可她就是不愿听。 注：表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时，用Would you…? 比用Will you…?更婉转。如：Will/Would you please keep the door open? 请让门开着好吗? Will/Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去吗? (2)表示真理或习惯：惯于，总是。如：
英语情态动词的用法大全附解析 一、初中英语情态动词 1．—We've got everything ready for the picnic. —Do you mean I __________ bring anything with me? A. can't B. mustn't C. couldn't D. needn't 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：—我们已经为野餐准备好了一切。—你的意思是我不必带任何东西吗？A. can't 不能；B. mustn't 表示禁止，一定不要；C. couldn't不能，表示过去时态；D. needn't不必。结合句意，故选D。 【点评】本题考查情态动词的用法。 2．—How amazing this robot is! —Wow, it has video cameras in its eyes, so it “see” and interact with pe ople. A. may B. can C. must D. should 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：—这个机器人多么惊人啊！—哇，在它的眼睛里有摄像机，因此它能看见和人打交道。A. may 可以，可能；表示许可，B. can 能；表示能力，C. must 必须；D. should应该；根据it has video cameras in its eyes,可知是有能力看见，故选B。 【点评】考查情态动词辨析。熟记情态动词的含义和用法。 3．—Where is George? —He _______ be here just now. His coffee is still warm. A. need B. can't C. must D. shouldn't 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——乔治在哪里？——他刚才一定在这里，他的咖啡还是热的。A. need需要； B. can't 不能，不可能（表示推测）； C. must 必须，一定（表示推测）； D. shouldn't不应该；根据His coffee is still warm.可知表示肯定推测一定在这儿；故答案为C。 【点评】考查情态动词。掌握情态动词表推测时的意义和用法。 4．— Sorry, I forgot to take money with me. Maybe I can't buy the book you like. — Mum, you ______ worry about it. We can pay by Alipay （支付宝）. A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——对不起，我忘记带钱了。也许我不能买你喜欢的书。——妈妈，你不用担心。我们可以用支付宝支付。A. can't不能，指不允许或否定推测；B. needn't 不需，指没必要；C. mustn't不能，表禁止；D. shouldn't不应该，表建议。根据句意语境，本句是说妈妈不需要担心，故答案为B。 【点评】考查情态动词。理解句意并掌握情态动词的意义和用法区别。
高考英语情态动词及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案) 一、单项选择情态动词 1．It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. A．may B．can C．must D．should 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意：一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的，因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能；B. can可能；C. must一定；D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的，非常有把握的肯定推测，故选C。 2．We’ll make the final decision on our scheme. ______ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible. A．Should B．Were C．Would D．Had 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind……。故选A。 【点睛】 虚拟语气中的倒装 当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首： 1）If he should fail, he would kill himself. →Should he fail, he would kill himself. 万一失败，他就会自杀。 2）If I were you, I would do it at once. →Were I you, I would do it at once. 假若我是你，我就会马上做。 要是我能做此事，我一定会做。 3）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. →Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。 该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。
高考英语情态动词知识点真题汇编及答案解析(4) 一、选择题 1．Skills like critical thinking and analysis ________ be found on the Internet, because they must be acquired in the context of facts. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 2．—Can I pay the bill by check? —Sorry，sir．But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _____ be made in cash．A．shall B．need C．will D．can 3．——I called you last night, but no one answered. ——Sorry, I____________ sleeping. A．need have been B．would have been C．must have been D．should have been 4．You ______ feel all the training a waste of time, but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it. A．may B．can C．should D．would 5．—Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday. —You___it in the wrong place. A．must put B．should have put C．might put D．might have put 6．For all of the diligent students here, I give you my promise: Work hard, and you ________ be rewarded! A．can B．need C．shall D．could 7．Home is not just the place where you grow up. It ________ be a warm smile, a sincere hug, and a shoulder for you to cry on. A．must B．can C．will D．should 8．You ________ give me a lift. I want to walk home for exercise. A．needn’t B．couldn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 9．-Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Guangzhou this morning. -Really? He＿＿the 9:00 train. It's much more comfortable and safer to travel by train. A．could have taken B．should take C．must have taken D．can take 10．--Is Jack still in hospital? --Yes. He _________ the bad food. A．wouldn’t eat B．shouldn’t eat C．wouldn’t have eaten D．shouldn’t have eaten 11．–Will you read me a story, Mummy? --OK. You ______have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. A．might B．must C．could D．shall 12．—I can’t think why he________ so angry. I mean no harm. —It’s typical of him to be sensitive(敏感的).
一、情态动词用法 1.情态动词的具体用法 A.能干can/could do; (经过努力)能干be able to (have the ability to do, be capable of doing) B.必须干/不得不干must / have to do; 不许干：mustn’t do C.(经允许)可以干may/ might do; 不可以干：may not do D.应该干should /ought to/ be to/ be supposed to do E.将要干will/would/shall do; (按法律，许诺，命令，威胁，第二三人称中) 将干shall do F.(某段具体时间)常干would do; (现在不做，过去常做) used to do G.宁愿做would rather do; 最好做had better do; 不妨做might as well do H.需要做need do ; 敢做dare do 2.情态动词表猜测 A.一定是must be ;一定已经干了某事must have done sth.; 一定不是can’t/couldn’t be ; 一定没干过某事can’t/couldn’t have done sth. B.可能（不）是may/might (not ) be; 可能已经（没）干某事may/might (not) have done sth. 3.情态动词与虚拟语气 A.本应该干某事（带有批评责备之意）should/ ought to have done sth.；本不该做了某事而做了shouldn’t /oughtn’t to have done sth B.本不必干某事needn’t have done sth. C.本可以干某事can/could have done sth. D.本（不会）干某事would (not) have done sth. E.真希望做过某事would like to have done sth. F.Should 在表建议的从句中： (a)It’s high time that sb. should do/did sth (b)It’s important sb. (should) do sth. (c)I suggest sb. (should ) do sth. 二、理解情态动词 Lucy is an outgoing lady. She can play many kinds of musical instruments. Actually, she could play the piano when she was 8 years old. Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day. She says that she has to do some sports because she must keep slim. “You shall get fat soon if you don’t take exercise every day.” She usually says to her friends. As for her, an elegant lady should try to keep fit. However, last week, she found that she might put on weight and she worried and decided to lose her weight. And these days she is always thinking that she may succeed soon if she tries all her best. However, she is always lack of time because she ought to take care of her children. One night after supper, she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late. On her way, she thought that the dancing must have
2019高考英语专题复习情态动词（附答案） I. 考点分析 1. 情态动词有can , may , must , have to ,ought to , should ,need ,dare, used , had better ,would rather 等，可表示命令、允诺、请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义务、必要、可能、能力、需要、敢于等情态。 2. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。Must , should , had better , would rather , 与ought to 没有时态的变化，只有一个形式。 3. 情态动词本身有词义，用来表示说话人的语气或情态，但因为词义不完全，所以不能单独用作谓语，必须和不带to 的不定式一起构成合成谓语。 4. 有些情态动词有过去式：can----could dare----dared may----might 5. 情态动词的否定式，一般是在情态动词后+not，如can not.也有例外：have not to , ought not to, had better not ,would rather not. used to有两种否定形式：used not to , didn’t use to,后者用的较多。 6. 注意情态动词+不定式的完成式的用法。这种结构表示过去发生的动作或状态。 Must + have +done ：表示对过去情况的一种肯定的推测与判断 May(might) + have + done：表示对已发生的事情的不太肯定的推测。might比may语气弱，表示把握更小。 Should(ought to)+ have + done：肯定句表示过去本应发生的事却没有发生；否定句表示不该发生的事却发生了。 Could + have + done：有时表示过去的时间，说明某事可能已发生，有时也表示过去本来可以作的事却未作。 Needn’t + have + done：表示本不必做的事却做了。 7. 情态动词也可以和动词的进行形式构成谓语，表示应当正在作某事，或想必正在作某事或既将、将要做某事。 You oughtn’t to be talking so much. He can’t be swimming all day.
高中英语情态动词用法归纳与练习 A: can / could = be able to 1 表示能力两种时态can (could)，其他时态要用be able to的形式 He can speak French. Was/were able to 可以表示成功做成某事的含义* managed to do / succeeded i n doing With our help, he was able to build the house. 2 表示请求或许可Could 比Can 更加客气* may Can I go now? Yes, you can. 3 表示推测或可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句 Can he be at school? Today is Sunday. He can't be at school. Can’t couldn’t/ Can ? Could? have done There is no light in the room. Can she have gone to bed? She can’t have gone to school----- it’s Sunda y. Could have done 可用在肯定句中表示过去存在的可能性* may have done She could have gone out with some friends yesterday. Could have done 可以表示虚拟语气 某事可能发生（并没有发生） It was silly to throw the TV out of the window. It could have hit somebody. 批评某人没有完成某事(本可以做某事) You are late again. You could have got up earlier. 4 can 表示客观上的可能性* Anybody can make mistakes. B: may and might 1 表示请求和允许类似用法can could(更加口语化) May I watch TV now? Yes, you may. 2 表示可能性; 猜测might比may更加不确定may/might have done 对过去的揣测* He may be busy these days. May not 可能不；不可能；一定不可 3 表示祝愿Wish you success! May you succeed!* C: must and have to 1 表示必须；一定要可以用have to 代替 must 现在；将来的必须而且是主观看法* have to 有多种时态而且强调客观情况 I really must stop smoking now. I had to leave early because I wasn’t feeling well. Must I come here?
英语情态动词用法详解 一、单项选择情态动词 1．Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You ________ have fixed full attention on it. A．can B．should C．need D．might 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：看！你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构，can have done 表示可能；need表示需要；might have done表示可能做过某事；故选B。 2．---Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is? ---It is class time, so she __________ in the classroom now. A．can be B．must have been C．might have been D．should be 【答案】D 【解析】 考查情态动词的用法。A. can be可能，可以是；B. must have been一定（对过去事实肯定的推测）；C. might have been可能（对过去事实肯定的推测）；D. should be应该是。句意：—知道苏珊在哪里吗？—现在是上课时间，她应该在教室里。故答案选D。 3．The room is so clean. He ________ have cleaned it yesterday evening. A．will B．need C．can D．must 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done 表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。 4．— Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window? — Well, if you __________. I can put on more clothes. A．can B．may C．must D．shall 【答案】C 【解析】
高考英语情态动词真题汇编(含答案) 一、单项选择情态动词 1．would可以表达过去常常做的事，过去习惯发生的动作： Pirates would bury gold in a cave. 海盗们常常把黄金藏在山洞中。 We would take a walk along the river. 我们过去常常沿河散步。 3. would后接like、love、mind等动词，表示要求、邀请、希望或询问，此时不是说过去，而是对现在的询问： Would you like to come to my party? 你愿意来我的派对吗？ Would you mind coming with us? 你介意和我们一起吗？ 比如本题，would 表示婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，故选A。 2．Traveling by subway ______ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour. A．must B．can C．shall D．should 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力），故选B。 3．It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock. A．mustn't B．can't C．won't D．needn't 【答案】B 【解析】 D[考查虚拟语气。句意：不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。mustn't 禁止，不允许；can't 不可能；won't 不愿意，就是不，偏不；needn't 不需要。] 4．Our English teacher is considerate，helpful，and warm-hearted，but sometimes she________________ be angry at our silly mistakes. A．should B．must C．can D．shall 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：我们的英语老师很体贴、乐于助人、热心肠，但有时她可能为我们愚蠢的错误而发火。can表示一种客观的可能性，但不一定会发生，故C项正确。