法律英语常用词汇大全
一、律师部分
案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case
案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits
被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)
被上诉人appellee 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice
本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate
辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission
财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）
裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence
草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions
产权转让conveyancing 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad
出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena
答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate
代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations 代理仲裁agency for arbitration 代写文书drafting of legal instruments
待决案件pending case 当事人陈述statement of the parties 第三人third party 吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence 调解mediation
调解书mediation 二审案件case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件send e-mail 法律顾问legal consultants
法律意见书legal opinions 法律援助legal aid 法律咨询legal counseling
法庭division; tribunal 法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws) 法学会law society 法学课程legal courses
法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws) 法学系faculty of law; department of law
法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws) J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士) 法学院law school
法院公告court announcement 反诉状counterclaim 房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer
非合伙律师associate lawyer 非诉讼业务non-litigation practice 高级合伙人senior partner 高级律师senior lawyer
各类协议和合同agreements and contracts 公安局Public Security Bureau 公司上市company listing 公诉案件public-prosecuting case 公证书notarial certificate 国办律师事务所state-run law office 国际贸易international trade
国际诉讼international litigation 国内诉讼domestic litigation 合伙律师partner lawyer
合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice 合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision 会见当事人interview a client 会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect 兼职律师part-time lawyer
监狱prison; jail 鉴定结论expert conclusion 缴纳会费membership dues 举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi
决定书decision 勘验笔录record of request 看守所detention house 抗诉书protest 控告人accuser; complainant
跨国诉讼transnational litigation 劳动争议labor disputes 劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitration committee for labor disputes
劳改场reform-through-labor farm; prison farm 利害关系人interested party; party in interest
律管处处长director of lawyer control department 律师lawyer attorney; attorney at law
律师惩戒lawyer discipline 律师法Lawyer Law 律师费lawyer fee 律师函lawyer’s letter
律师见证lawyer attestation/authentication 律师见证书lawyer certification/authentication/witness
律师卷宗lawyer’s docile; file 律师刊物lawyer’s journal 律师联系电话contact phone number of a lawyer
律师事务所law office; law firm 律师收费billing by lawyer 律师网站lawyer website
律师协会National Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会会员member of Lawyer Association
律师协会秘书长secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会章程Articles of Lawyer Assocition
律师业务室lawyer’s office 律师执业证lawyer license 律师助理assistant lawyer
律师资格考试bar exam; lawyer qualification exam 律师资格证lawyer qualification certificate
民事案件civil case民事调解civil mediation 民事诉讼civil litigation 派出所local police station; police substation
判决judgement(用于民事、行政案件); determination(用于终审); sentence(用于刑事案); verdict(由陪审团作出)
旁证circumstantial evidence 企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw
企业重组corporate restructure 起诉状information; indictment 取消律师资格disbar
全国律师代表大会National Lawyer Congress 缺席宣判pronounce judgement or determination by default
人民法院People’s Court 人民检察院People’s Procuratorate 认定事实determine facts
上诉案件case of trial of second instance; appellate case 上诉人appellant 上诉状petition for appeal
涉外律师lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters 申请复议administrative reconsideration petition
申请加入律师协会application for admission to Law Association 申请人petitioner; claimant
申诉案件appeal case 申诉人（仲裁）claimant; plaintiff 申诉书appeal for revision, petition for revision
实习律师apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period 实习律师证certificate of apprentice lawyer
视听证据audio-visual reference material 适用法律apply law to facts 受害人victim
书证documentary evidence 司法部Ministry of Justice 司法建议书judicial advise
司法局Judicial Bureau 司法局副局长deputy director of Judicial Bureau 司法局局长director of Judicial Bureau
司法统一考试uniform judicial exam 送达service of process 诉讼litigation; action; lawsuit
诉讼当事人litigation party; litigious party 诉讼业务litigation practice
诉状complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim 推销法律服务promote/market legal service
外国律师事务所foreign law office 委托代理合同authorized representation contract
委托代理人agent ad litem; entrusted agent 委托授权书power of attorney 物证material evidence
嫌疑人criminal suspect 项目融资project financing 项目谈判project negotiating 刑事案件criminal case
刑事诉讼criminal litigation 行政诉讼administrative litigation 休庭adjourn the court; recess
宣判pronounce judgement; determination 宣誓书affidavit 业务进修attendance in advanced studies
一审案件case of trial of first instance 与国外律师事务所交流communicate with foreign law firms
原告plaintiff 证券律师securities lawyer 证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit 执行笔录execution record
执业登记registration for practice 执业范围scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area
执业申请practice application 执业证年检annual inspection of lawyer license 仲裁arbitration
仲裁案件arbitration case 仲裁机构arbitration agency 专门律师specialized lawyer
专职律师professional lawyer; full-time lawyer 撰写法律文章write legal thesis 资信调查credit standing investigation 自诉案件private prosecuting case
二、诉讼法律
案件case 案件发回remand/rimit a case (to a low court) 案件名称title of a case 案卷材料materials in the case
案情陈述书statement of case 案外人person other than involved in the case 案值total value involved in the case
败诉方losing party 办案人员personnel handling a case 保全措施申请书application for protective measures
报案report a case (to security authorities) 被告defendant; the accused 被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused
被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder 被害人victim 被害人的诉讼代理人victim’s agent ad litem
被上诉人respondent; the appellee 被申请人respondent 被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed
被执行人person subject to enforcement 本诉principal action 必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation
变通管辖jurisdiction by accord 辩护defense 辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer 辩护人defender
辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence 辩论阶段stage of court debate
驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim 驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion
驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling
驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit 驳回通知书notice of dismissal 驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution
驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case 补充答辩supplementary answer
补充判决supplementary judgement 补充侦查supplementary investigation 不公开审理trial in camera
不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing 不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest
不起诉nol pros 不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court
财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation 裁定order; determination (指最终裁定) 裁定管辖jurisdiction by order 裁定书order; ruling 裁决书award 采信的证据admitted evidence
查封seal up 撤回上诉withdraw appeal 撤诉withdraw a lawsuit 撤销立案revoke a case placed on file
撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial
出示的证据exhibit 除权判决invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments) 传唤summon; call
传闻证据hearsay 答辩answer; reply 答辩陈述书statement of defence 答辩状answer; reply
大法官associate justices; justice 大检察官deputy chief procurator 代理控告agency for accusation
代理申诉agency for appeal 代理审判员acting judge
代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure 当事人陈述statement of the parties
当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court 地区管辖territorial jurisdiction
地区检察分院inter-m ediate People’s Procuratorate 第三人third party 调查笔录record of investigation
定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date
定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence 冻结freeze 督促程序procedure of supervision and urge
独任庭sole-judge bench 独任仲裁员sole arbitrator
对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action
对席判决judgement inter parties 二审trial of second instance 二审案件case of trial of second insurance
罚款impose a fine 法定证据statutory legal evidence 法定证据制度system of legal evidence 法官judges
法警bailiff; court police 法律文书legal instruments/papers 法律援助legal aid 法律咨询legal consulting
法庭辩论court debate 法庭调查court investigation 法庭审理笔录court record 法庭审理方式mode of court trial
法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal 法院court 法院公告court announcement 反诉counterclaim
反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim 反诉状counterclaim 犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect
附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action 附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action
复查reexamination; recheck 复验reinspect 高级法官senior judge 高级检察官senior procurator
高级人民法院High er People’s Court 告诉案件case of complaint 告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint
告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division 工读学校work-study school for delinquent children
公安部Ministry of Public Security 公安分局public security sub-bureau
公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government 公开审理trial in public 公开审判制度open trial system 公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation 公诉案件public-prosecuting case 公诉词statement of public prosecution 公证机关public notary office
共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction 管辖jurisdiction 国际司法协助international judicial assistance
海事法院maritime court 合议庭collegial panel 合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench
和解composition; compromise 核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties 恢复执行resumption of execution 回避withdrawal 混合式诉讼mixed action 基层人民法院basic People’s Court 羁押期限term in custody
级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住living at home under surveillance
监狱prison 检察官procurator 检察权prosecutorial power 检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee
检察院procuratorate 检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate 简易程序summary procedure
鉴定结论expert conclusion 经济审判庭economic tribunal
径行判决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice
纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings 拘传summon by force; summon by warrant 拘留所detention house
举报information/report of an offence 举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi 决定书decision
军事法院military procuratorate 开庭审理open a court session 开庭通知notice of court session
勘验笔录record of inquest 看守所detention house 可执行财产executable property 控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings 控诉证据incriminating evidence 控诉职能accusation function 扣押distrain on; attachment 扣押物distress/distraint
宽限期period of grace 劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration 劳改场reform-through-labor farm
劳教所reeducation-through-labor office
类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence 累积证据cumulative evidence
立案报告place a case on file 立案管辖functional jurisdiction 立案决定书written decision of case-filing
立案侦查report of placing a case on file 利害关系人interested party 临时裁决书interim award
律师见证书lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication 律师事务所law office; law firm
律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer 免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty 民事案件civil case
民事审判庭civil tribunal 民事诉讼civil action 民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law
扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police 派出法庭detached tribunal 派出所police station
判决judgement; determination 判决书judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的) 旁证circumstantial evidence 陪审员juror 批准逮捕approval of arrest 破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case 破产bankruptcy; insolvency 普通程序general/ordinary procedure 普通管辖general jurisdiction
企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation 起诉filing of a lawsuit
起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings 起诉状indictment; information
区县检察院gras sroots People’s Procuratorate 取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
缺席判决default judgement 人民调解委员会People’s Mediation Committee
认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless
认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity
上诉appeal 上诉人appellant 上诉状petition for appeal 少管所juvenile prison
社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security 涉外案件cases involving foreign interests
涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings 涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings 申请人applicant; petitioner
申请书petition; application for arbitration 申请执行人execution applicant
申诉人宣誓书claiman t’s affidavit of authenticity 申诉书appeal for revision; petition for revision
神示证据制度system of divinity evidence 神示制度ordeal system 审查案件case review
审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest 审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution 审理通知书notice of hearing 审判长presiding judge 审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session
审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction 审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision 审判委员会judicial committee
审判员judge 审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings 生效判决裁定legally effective judgement/order
胜诉方winning party 省市自治区检察院higher People’s Procuratorate 失踪和死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death 实（质）体证据substantial evidence 实物证据tangible evidence 实在证据real evidence
示意证据demonstrative evidence 视听证据audio-visual evidence 收容所collecting post; safe retreat
首席大法官chief justice 首席检察官chief procurator 受害人的近亲属victim’s immediate family
受理acceptance 受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case 受送达人the addressee
书记员court clerk 书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules 书证documentary evidence
司法部Ministry of Justice 司法机关judicial organizatons 司法警察judicial police 司法局judicial bureau
司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government 司法协助judicial assistance 死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve
死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence 死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence 送达service of process 送达传票service of summons/subpoena 送达诉状service of bill of complaint 搜查search
诉sue; suit; action; lawsuit 诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit 诉讼litigation; lawsuit; sue; action
诉讼保全attachment 诉讼参加人litigious participants 诉讼代理人agent ad litem
诉状complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim 特别程序special procedures 提起公诉institute a public prosecution
铁路法院railway court 铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate 庭审程序procedure of court trial
通缉wanted for arrest 投案appearance 退回补充侦查return of a case for supplementary investigation
委托辩护entrusted defense 未成年人法庭juvenile court 无行政职务的法官associate judge
无正当理由拒不到庭refuse to appear in court without due cause 无罪判决acquitt al, finding of “ not guilty ”
物证material evidence 先予执行申请书application for advanced execution 先予执行advanced execution
刑事案件criminal case 刑事拘留criminal detention 刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures
刑事审判庭criminal tribunal 刑事诉讼criminal proceedings 刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law
刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint 行政案件administrative case 行政审判庭administrative tribunal
行政诉讼administrative proceedings 行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law
宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death
宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement 选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters
询问证人inquire/question a witness 训诫reprimand 讯问笔录record of interrogation
询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect 言词证据verbal evidence 要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena
一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding 一审trial of first instance 一审案件case of trial of first instance
应诉通知书notice of respondence to action 有罪判决sentence; finding of “guilty” 予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial 原告plaintiff 院长court president 阅卷笔录record of file review (by lawyers) 再审案件case of retrial
再审申请书petition for retrial 责令具结悔过order to sign a statement of repentance 债权人会议creditors’ meeting
侦查阶段investigation stage 侦查终结conclusion of investigation
征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 证据evidence
证据保全preserve evidence 证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation
证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit 支付令payment order/warrant 知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal 执行程序procedure execution 执行逮捕execution of arrest 执行和解conciliation of execution
执行回转recovery of execution 执行庭executive tribunal 执行异议objection to execution 执行员executor
执行中止discontinuance of execution 执行终结conclusion of execution 指定辩护appointed defense
指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator 中级人民法院interm ediate People’s Cou rt
中途退庭retreat during court session without permission 仲裁arbitration 仲裁被诉人respondent; defendant
仲裁裁决award 仲裁申请书arbitration 仲裁申诉人claimant; plaintiff 仲裁庭arbitration tribunal
仲裁委员会arbitration committee 仲裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration 仲裁员arbitrator
主诉检察官principal procurator 助理检察官assistant procurator 助理审判员assistant judge
专门法院special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction 专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction
追究刑事责任investigate for criminal responsibility 自首confession to justice 自诉案件private-prosecuting case 自行辩护self-defense 自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence
自侦案件self-investigating case 最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court
最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratora te 最后裁决书final award
三、民事法律
法律渊源source of law
制定法statute
判例法case law; precedent
普通法common law
特别法special law
固有法native law; indigenous law
继受法adopted law
实体法substantial law
程序法procedural law
原则法fundamental law
例外法exception law
司法解释judicial interpretation
习惯法customary law
公序良俗public order and moral
自然法natural law
罗马法Roman Law
私法private law
公法public law
市民法jus civile
万民法jus gentium
民法法系civil law system
英美法系system of Anglo-American law
大陆法系civil law system
普通法common law
大陆法continental law
罗马法系Roman law system
英吉利法English law
衡平法equity; law of equity
日尔曼法Germantic law
教会法ecclesiastical law
寺院法canon law
伊斯兰法Islamic law
民法法律规范norm of civil law
授权规范authorization norm
禁止规范forbidding norm
义务性规范obligatory norm
命令性规范commanding norm
民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality
自愿原则principle of free will
公平原则principle of justice
等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith
行为act
作为act
不作为omission
合法行为lawful act
违法行为unlawful act
民事权利权利能力civil right
绝对权absolute right
相对权relative right
优先权right of priority
先买权preemption
原权antecedent right
救济权right of relief
支配权right of dominion
请求权right of claim
物上请求权right of claim for real thing
形成权right of formation
撤销权right of claiming cancellation
否认权right of claiming cancellation
解除权right of renouncement
代位权subrogated right
选择权right of choice
承认权right of admission
终止权right of termination
一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense
永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right
不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right
同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权tested right
期待权expectant right
专属权exclusive right
非专属权non-exclusive right
人身权利personal right
人权human right
人格权right of personality
生命健康权right of life and health
姓名权right of name
名称权right of name
肖像权right of portraiture
自由权right of freedom
名誉权right reputation
隐私权right of privacy
私生活秘密权right of privacy
贞操权virginity right
身份权right of status
亲权parental power; parental right
亲属权right of relative
探视权visitation right
荣誉权right of honor
权利的保护protection of right
公力救济public protection
私力救济self-protection
权利本位standard of right
社会本位standard of society
无责任行为irresponsible right
正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence
防卫行为act of defence
自为行为self-conducting act
紧急避险act of rescue; necessity
自助行为act of self-help
不可抗力force majeure
意外事件accident
行为能力capacity for act
意思能力capacity of will
民事行为civil act
意思表示declaration of intention
意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus
完全行为能力perfect capacity for act
限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act
准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person
保佐protection
自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity
无行为能力incapacity for act
禁治产人interdicted person
自然人natural person
公民citizen
住所domicile
居所residence
经常居住地frequently dwelling place
户籍census register
监护guardianship
个体工商户individual business
农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household 合伙partnership
合伙人partner
合伙协议partnership agreement
合伙财产property of partnership
合伙债务debt of partnership
入伙join partnership
退伙withdrawal from partnership
合伙企业partnership business establishment 个人合伙partnership
法人合伙partnership of legal person
特别合伙special partnership
普通合伙general partnership
有限合伙limited partnership
民事合伙civil partnership
隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership
私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship
法人legal person
企业法人legal body of enterprise
企业集团group of enterprise
关联企业affiliate enterprise
个人独资企业individual business establishment
国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise
中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise
中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise
社团法人legal body of mass organization
财团法人legal body of financial group
联营joint venture
法人型联营association of legal persons
合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership
协作型联营cooperation-type coordinated management
合作社cooperative
民事法律行为civil legal act
单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act
双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act
多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act
有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration
无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award 实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act
诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act
要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act
不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act
要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act
不要因民事法律行为noncausative civil legal act
主民事法律行为principal civil legal act
从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act
附条件民事法律行为conditional civil legal act
附期限民事法律行为civil legal act with term
生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death
死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death
准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act
无效行为ineffective act
可撤销民事行为revocable civil act
违法行为illegal act; unlawful act
侵权行为tort
欺诈fraud
胁迫duress
乘人之危taking advan tage of others’ precarious position
以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention 恶意串通malicious collaboration
重大误解gross misunderstanding
显失公平obvious unjust
误传misrepresentation
代理agency
本人principal
被代理人principal
受托人trustee
代理人agent
本代理人original agent
法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent
委托代理人agent by mandate
指定代理人designated agent
复代理人subagent
再代理人subagent
转代理人subagent
代理权right of agency
授权行为act of authorization
授权委托书power of attorney
代理行为act of agency
委托代理agency by mandate
本代理original agency
复代理subagency
次代理subagency
有权代理authorized agency
表见代理agency by estoppel; apparent agency 律师代理agency by lawyer
普通代理general agency
全权代理general agency
全权代理委托书general power of attorney
共同代理joint agency
独家代理sole agency
居间brokerage
居间人broker
行纪commission; broker house
信托trust
时效time limit; prescription; limitation
时效中止suspension of prescription/limitation
时效中断interruption of limitation/prescription
时效延长extension of limitation
取得时效acquisitive prescription
时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription 期日date
期间term
涉外民事关系civil relations with foreign elements 冲突规范rule of conflict
准据法applicable law; governing law
反致renvoi; remission
转致transmission
识别identification
公共秩序保留reserve of public order
法律规避evasion of law
国籍nationality
国有化nationalization
法律责任legal liability
民事责任civil liability/responsibility
行政责任administrative liability/responsibility
刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility
违约责任liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default 有限责任limited liability
无限责任unlimited liability
按份责任shared/several liability
连带责任joint and several liability
过失责任liability for negligence; negligent liability
过错责任fault liability; liability for fault
单独过错sole fault
共同过错joint fault
混合过错mixed fault
被害人过错victim’s fault
第三人过错third party’s fault
推定过错presumptive fault
恶意bad faith; malice
故意deliberate intention; intention; willfulness
过失negligence
重大过失gross negligence
疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertent negligence
过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption
损害事实facts of damage
有形损失tangible damage/loss
无形损失intangible damage/loss
财产损失property damage/loss
人身损失personal damage/loss
精神损失spiritual damage/loss
民事责任承担方式methods of bearing civil liability
停止侵害cease the infringing act
排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle
消除危险elimination of danger
返还财产restitution of property
恢复原状restitution; restitution of original state
赔偿损失compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss
支付违约金payment of liquidated damage
消除影响eliminate ill effects
恢复名誉rehabilitate one’s reputation
赔礼道歉extend a formal apology
物权jus ad rem; right in rem; real right
物权制度real right system; right in rem system
一物一权原则the principal of One thing, One Right
物权法定主义principal of legality of right in rem
物权公示原则principal of public summons of right in rem 物权法jus rerem
物property
生产资料raw material for production
生活资料means of livelihood; means of subsistence
流通物res in commercium; a thing in commerce
限制流通物limited merchantable thing
禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce
资产asset
固定资产fixed asset
流动资产current asset; floating asset
动产movables; chattel
不动产immovable; real estate
特定物res certae; a certain thing
种类物genus; indefinite thing
可分物res divisibiles; divisible things
不可分物res indivisibiles; indivisible things
主物res capitalis; a principal thing
从物res accessoria; an accessory thing
原物original thing
孳息fruits
天然孳息natural fruits
法定孳息legal fruits
无主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods 遗失物lost property
漂流物drifting object
埋藏物fortuna; hidden property
货币currency
证券securities
债券bond
物权分类classification of right in rem/real right
自物权jus in re propria; right of full ownership
所有权dominium; ownership; title
所有权凭证document of title; title of ownership
占有权dominium utile; equitable ownership
使用权right of use; right to use of
收益权right to earnings; right to yields
处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi
善意占有possession in good faith
恶意占有malicious possession
按份共有several possession
共同共有joint possession
他物权jus in re aliena
用益物权real right for usufruct
使用权right to use; right of use
土地使用权right to the use of land
林权forest ownership
采矿权mining ownership
经营权managerial authority; power of management
承包经营权right to contracted management
相邻权neighboring right; relatedright
地上权superficies
永佃权jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract 地役权servitude; easement
人役权servitus personarum; personal servitude
担保物权real right for security
物的担保security for thing
物的瑕疵担保warranty against defect of a thing
抵押权hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage
抵押权的设定creation of right to mortgage
抵押人mortgagor
抵押权人mortgagee
抵押标的物collateral; estate under mortgage
抵押权的效力deffect of right to mortgage
抵押权的次序sequence of right to mortgage
抵押权的抛弃abandonment of right to mortgage
抵押权的让与alienation of right to mortgage
抵押权的实现materialization of right to mortgage
抵押权的消灭extinction of right to
mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage
抵押物登记registration of estate under mortgage
抵押优先权priority of mortgage
留置权lien
一般留置权general lien
特别留置权special lien
质权hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge
佃权tenant right
债权jus in personam; right to give or procure; claim; creditor’s right 债权人creditor
债务人debtor
相对人counterpart; offeree
给付give; pay
债务debt; liability; obligation
债务的偿还payment of debt
债务的偿清discharge of debt
债务的担保guarantee of debt
债务的合并consolidation of debt
债务的给付日期debt maturity
债务的免除exemption of debt
债的分类obligatio; obligation
法定之债legal obligation
任意之债voluntary obligation
简单之债simple obligation
选择之债alternative obligation
主债prime/principal obligation
从债accessory obligation
单一之债single obligation
按份之债several obligation
连带之债joint obligation
特定之债certain obligation
种类之债indefinite obligation
合同之债contractual obligation
侵权行为之债tort obligation
损害赔偿之债obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages 人身损害damage to person
精神损害moral/mental/spiritual damage
医药费hospital treatment expense
医疗费medical charge
一、律师部分 案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee ?p??li: 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定） 裁决书award（用于仲裁） 裁决书verdict（用于陪审团） 采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions 产权转让conveyancing 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations 代理仲裁agency for arbitration 代写文书drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case 当事人陈述statement of the parties 第三人third party 吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence 调解mediation 调解书mediation 二审案件case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件send e-mail 法律顾问legal consultants 法律意见书legal opinions 法律援助legal aid 法律咨询legal counseling 法庭division; tribunal 法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws) 法学会law society 法学课程legal courses 法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws) 法学系faculty of law; department of law 法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws) J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士) 法学院law school 法院公告court announcement 反诉状counterclaim 房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 非合伙律师associate lawyer 非诉讼业务non-litigation practice 高级合伙人senior partner 高级律师senior lawyer 各类协议和合同agreements and contracts 公安局Public Security Bureau 公司上市company listing 公诉案件public-prosecuting case 公证书notarial certificate 国办律师事务所state-run law office 国际贸易international trade 国际诉讼international litigation 国内诉讼domestic litigation 合伙律师partner lawyer 合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law office 合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision 会见当事人interview a client 会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect 兼职律师part-time lawyer 监狱prison; jail 鉴定结论expert conclusion 缴纳会费membership dues 举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi 决定书decision
外贸常用英语 一、常用名词 舱位申请单/托运单（Booking Note/Form/Sheet） 装货单(Shipping Order, S/O,也称作配载通知，订舱确认单Booking Confirmation) 提货单（Delivery Order, D/O） 一般原产地证明（Certificate of Origin, C/O） 普惠制原产地证明(Generalized System of Preferences Certificate of Origin Form A,又称G.S.P证书，Form A证书） 报关(Customs clearance) 报关单(Customs declaration)、 外贸合同、销售确认书（Sales Confirmation）、采购确认书（Purchased Confirmation） 形式发票(Proforma Invoice)、商业发票(Commercial Invoice )、海关发票(Customs invoice)、 装箱单(Packing List)、重量单（Weight List） 提单（Bill Of Lading）、空运提单(Air Way Bill, AWB）、海运提单（Ocean Bill of Lading） 信用证（Letter Of Credit） 银行保函（Letter of Guarantee, L/G） 汇票（Draft）、本票（Promissory Note）、支票（Cheque, Check） 受益人证明（Beneficiary,s Certificate） 船公司证明（Shipping company’s certificate ） 保险单((Insurance)Policy)、保险凭证(Insurance Certificate) 海运险：平安险（FPA）、水渍险(WPA)、一切险(All Risks) 陆运险：陆运险(Overland Transportation Risks)、陆云一切险(Overland Transportation All Risks) 航空险：空运险(Air Transportation Risks)、空运一切险(Air Transportation All Risks) 邮包险：邮包险(Parcel Post Risks)、邮包一切险(Parcel Post All Risks) 纸箱（Carton, CTN,CTNS）、托盘(Pallet)、木箱(Wooden case)、铁箱（Iron Case）、布包(Bale)、裸装(nude (packed))、木质包装(WOOD PACKING MATERIAL)、无木质包装（NO WOOD PACKING MATERIAL） 唛头（Marks and Nos.） 截补料时间，截文件时间（SI CUT OFF TIME） 进口关税 (import tariff) 增值税(value added tax, VAT) 消费税(consumer tax; consumption tax) 集装箱（Container）、船东柜（Container of Carrier）、货主柜（Shipper Own Container） 整箱（Full Container Load, FCL）、拼箱（Less Than Container Load, LCL） 20英尺货柜（Twenty Equivalent Unit, TEU）、40英尺货柜（Forty Equivalent Unit, FEU） 集装箱货运站（Container Freight Station, CFS） 基本港（Base Port）、非基本港（Non-Base Port） 电汇（T/T, Telegraphic Transfer） 托收（Collection）；付款交单（D/P, Document of Payment）；承兑交单（D/A, Document against Acceptance）二、各类单证中常用词汇 （一）商业发票（commercial invoice ） 出票人（drawer） 受票人（drawee） 运输说明（transport details） 发票号（invoice NO.） 发票日期（invoice date） 合同号（S/C NO.） 信用证号码和日期（L/C NO. and Date） 支付条款（Terms of Payment）
(一) 宾馆酒店英语-门口〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃2 (二) 宾馆酒店英语-应接服务〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃3 (三) 宾馆酒店英语-问候语〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃5 (四) 宾馆酒店英语-问讯处〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃5 (五) 宾馆酒店英语-入住〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃7 (六) 宾馆酒店英语-客房服务〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃10 (七) 宾馆酒店英语-结账〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃12 (八) 宾馆酒店英语-销售〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃13 (九) 宾馆酒店英语-预定〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃16 (十) 宾馆酒店英语-简明常用语〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃17 (十一) 宾馆酒店英语-餐厅用语〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃26 (十二) 宾馆酒店英语-部门名称〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃29 (十三) 宾馆酒店英语-常用词汇〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃30 (十四) 宾馆酒店英语-服务台词汇〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃32 (十五) 中国小吃英文表达〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃〃35 The basic English for hotel service
外贸常用英语词汇 1.商品品质数量包装价格 品质条件 品质quality 规格specifications 等级grade 标准standard 样品sample 色彩样品colour sample 款式样品pattern sample 原样original sample 复样duplicate sample 对等样品countersample 参考样品reference sample 封样sealed sample 代表性样品representative sample 商品目录catalogue 宣传小册pamphlet 说明书description 公差tolerance 货号article No. 花色（搭配）assortment 增减5% plus or minus 大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality 数量条件 个数pcs 长度length 面积area 体积volume 容积capacity 净重net weight 毛重gross weight 皮重tare 毛作净gross for net 溢短装条款more or less clause 重量weight 装运重量shipping weight 卸货重量landed weight 理论重量theoretical weight 公吨metric ton 长吨long ton 短吨short ton 公斤kilogram, kilo, kg 磅pound, lb 盎司ounce, oz 件piece 双pair 打dozen 令ream 套set l 立方米cubic meter 升litre 加仑gallon 蒲式耳bushel 公制metric system 英制british system 美制 包装方法 起泡包装blister packing 中性包装neutral packing 吸塑包装skin packing 挂式包装hanging packing 引某人注目catch sb's eye 唛头mark 无牌的包装unlabelled packing 散装in bulk 散装in loose packing 裸装nude packing 整批包装bulk pack 零售包装consumer pack 大包装large packing 小包装inner packing, external packing, end packing ,压缩包装shrunk packaging 喷泡沫包装foam-spary packaging 礼品包装gift-wrap 袋bag, sack 麻袋jute bag 塑料袋polythelene bag, plastic bag 尼龙绳网袋polythelene net 拉链袋zippered bag 箱case, chest 盒box 木箱wooden case 纸箱carton 集装箱container 板条箱rate 纤维板箱fibre board case 小包packet 包bale 捆bundle 罐头tin , can 篮，篓，筐basket 竹篓bamboo basket 瓶bottle 小木桶wooden keg 大桶hogshead 铁桶iron drum 铁桶cylinder
法律英语实用单词讲解 accord释义：accord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。 acquire释义：acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger 的缩写。如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。 act释义：act在普通英语中的含义是行动，行为，在法律英语中通常理解为作为，与不作为forbear 相对应。如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from action释义：act在普通英语中的含义是行动，在法律英语中则理解为诉讼，相当于suit或lawsuit，如initiate an action提起诉讼，win an action在诉讼中获胜，defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。 adopt释义：adopt的最常见含义是采用，通过，如adopt a law通过一项法律，adopt a proposal 采纳一个建议等，这种用法在法律英语中也较为常见。另外，adopt在法律英语中可能会用到一个含义是收养，如adopt an orphan according to law根据法律规定收养孤儿。 admission释义：admission是admit的名词，在普通英语中的含义是承认或接纳。在法律英语中，则通常是法律程序中的一个用语，意思是采纳，采信（证据），如The defendant challenged the admission of the evidence by the court on the ground that the evidence was irrelevant.被告以证据没有相关性为由反对法院对其予以采信。 affect释义：affect是普通英语中最常见最普通的单词之一，意思是影响，通常用在口语和非正式的场合中。但在法律英语，affect（本义没有改变，仍然是影响），确实非常正式的用法，通常不能用influence 等单词替换。如The failure of either party at any time or times to require performance of any provision hereof shall in no manner affect its right at a later time to enforce the same．任何一方在任何时候未要求另一方履行本协议任一条款，并在不影响其以后强制执行该条款的权利。 affiliate释义：affiliate是法律英语的常见单词之一，意思是关联方，关联公司，也可以associate或connected person表示。如“Affiliate” means any person or company that directly or indirectly controls a Party or is directly or indirectly controlled by a Party，including a Party's parent or subsidiary, or is under direct or indirect common control with such Party.“关联公司”指直接或间接控制一方(包括其母公司或子公司)或受一方直接或间接控制，或与该方共同受直接或间接控制的任何人或公司。 agent释义：agent也是法律英语中常见单词之一，意思是代理人，代理商，通常指商业代理，如果指非商业性质的代理，如替别人出席会议等，则可用proxy。 例句：Nothing in this Agreement or in the performance of any of its provisions is intended or shall be construed to constitute either party an agent, 1egal representative, subsidiary，joint venturer，partner，employer，or employee of the other for any purpose whatsoever． 参考译文：本协议的任何内容或本协议任何条款的履行，无意表示、亦不应被理解为任何一方为任何目的可以充当另一方的代理人、法定代表、子公司、合营方、合作伙伴、雇主或雇员。
服务台常用词汇 management 经营、管理 market price 市价 cashier's desk 兑换处 coin 硬币 accounting desk 帐务处 check_out time 退房时间 voucher 证件 price list 价目表 check, cheque 支票 sign (动)签字 interest 利息 form 表格reservation 预订 reception desk 接待处 tip 小费 reservation desk 预订处 luggage office 行李房 …per thousand 千分之… spare (形)多余的 postpone (动)延期 cancel (动)取消 trxdyeller's cheque 旅行支票 pay (动)付款 fill (动)填写administration 管理、经营note 纸币
registration desk 入宿登记处 lobby 前厅 luggage rack 行李架 visit card 名片 identification card 身份证 rate of exchange 兑换率 conversion rate 换算率 charge (动)收费 bill 帐单 change money 换钱procedure 手续、程序 information desk 问询处 luggage label 行李标签 overbooking 超额订房 …per cent 百分之… reasonable (形)合理的 cash (动)兑换 keep (动)保留、保存 bank draft 汇票 accept (动)接受 procedure fee 手续费 fill in the form 填表 酒店服务常用英语口语 1. Good morning/evening. Reservation. May I help you?
出口信贷export credit 出口津贴export subsidy 商品倾销dumping 外汇倾销exchange dumping 优惠关税special preferences 保税仓库bonded warehouse 贸易顺差favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制import quotas 自由贸易区free trade zone 对外贸易值value of foreign trade 国际贸易值value of international trade 普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT
价格条件 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价price 码头费wharfage 总值total value 卸货费landing charges 金额amount 关税customs duty 净价net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税port dues 回佣return commission . 装运港port of shipment
折扣discount, allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价wholesale price 目的港port of destination 零售价retail price 进口许口证import licence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证export licence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price 国际市场价格world (International)Market price 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight 到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight 交货条件
法律英语常用词汇大全
法律英语常用词汇大全 一、律师部分 案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定) 裁决书award(用于仲裁) 裁决书verdict(用于陪审团) 采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions 产权转让conveyancing 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate
Restaurant 酒店里面的称为餐厅，酒店外的可以叫饭馆或者餐馆都可以 B&B 家庭式酒店 Boutique hotel 精品酒店 Resort 度假村 King-size 特大号床 Queen-size 大号床 Twin beds 双床房 Single bed 单床房 Double room 双人间 Single room 单人间 Suite 套房 Studio suite 公寓套房 Adjoining room 相邻房 Connecting room 连通房 Executive Floor 行政楼层 Bellboy 行李员 Concierge 礼宾 Receptionist 前台接待 Reception/Front desk 前台 Coach 旅游大巴 Reservation 预订(不是预定) Doorman 门房门童 Housekeeping staff 客房清洁人员 Room service 客房服务，有时特指客房送餐服务 Ground 花园 Tip 小费 Service charge 服务费 Turn down 开夜床服务(指的是傍晚的时候再次整理房间，使客人晚上睡的舒服) Executive room 商务房 Shuttle bus 班车 Do Not Disturb Sign /DND sign请勿打扰牌 Please Make Up sign /PMU sign 请收拾房间牌 check-out 退房 check-in 登记入住 lobby 大堂 Owner response: 业主回复 Porter门房 Hotel Concierge酒店礼宾部 Procurement Manager; Purchasing Manager采购部经理 Food & Beverage Manager; Catering Manager餐饮部经理 Table Hostess餐桌女服务员 Kitchen Hand; Kitchen Help;
出口信贷export credit 出口津贴export subsidy 商品倾销dumping 外汇倾销exchange dumping 优惠关税special preferences 保税仓库bonded warehouse 贸易顺差favorable balance of trade 贸易逆差unfavorable balance of trade 进口配额制import quotas 自由贸易区free trade zone 对外贸易值value of foreign trade 国际贸易值value of international trade 普遍优惠制generalized system of preferences-GSP 最惠国待遇most-favored nation treatment-MFNT 价格条件 价格术语trade term (price term) 运费freight 单价unit price 码头费wharfage 总值total value 卸货费landing charges 金额amount 关税customs duty 净价net price 印花税stamp duty 含佣价price including commission 港口税port dues 回佣return commission .装运港port of shipment 折扣discount, allowance 卸货港port of discharge 批发价wholesale price 目的港port of destination 零售价retail price 进口许口证import licence 现货价格spot price 出口许口证export licence 期货价格forward price 现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price 国际市场价格world (International)Market price 离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board 成本加运费价（离岸加运费价）C&F-cost and freight 到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight 交货条件 交货delivery 轮船steamship(缩写S.S) 装运、装船shipment 租船charter (the chartered ship) 交货时间time of delivery 定程租船voyage charter 装运期限time of shipment 定期租船
法律英语词汇的特点及其翻译 Ξ 李 丽 (三峡大学外国语学院教师 香港中文大学翻译系博士生 香港沙田) 摘 要 法律文件的英汉翻译在中国发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文从四个方面归纳法律英语词汇的特点,即专业性、正式性、客观性及准确性,并进一步探讨具体的法律词汇翻译的方法和对策。关键词 法律翻译 法律词汇特点 翻译方法 翻译策略 Abstract Translation of legal documents is now playing an ever -increasing role in China.This paper first surveys four primary characteristics of legal vocabulary ,namely ,professionalism ,formalism ,objectivity and exactitude ,followed by a presentation and discussion of s pecific strategies and methods of translating legal vo 2cabulary between English and Chinese. K ey Words Legal translation characteristics of legal vocabulary translation methods translation strate 2gies 随着中国加入WTO ,世界经济一体化,中国与世界的交往和联系越来越多。法律文件的翻译将会在社会生活中扮演很重要的角色。要做好法律文件的英汉翻译,我们必须了解法律英语的一些特点。所谓法律英语,“是指法律界通用的书面英语(包括法律、法规、条例、规章、协定、判定和裁定等),尤其是指律师起草法律文件(合同、章程、协议、契约等)惯常使用的语 言。”[1] 法律英语在词汇、句式等方面都有它自己的特点。本文尝试归纳出法律英语在词汇方面的四大特点,并进而探讨一些具体的翻译方法和策略。1 专业性 “法律语言部分地是由具有特定法律意义的词组成,部分地是由日常用语组成。具有特定法律意义的词,在日常用语中即使有也很少 使用,如预谋、过失、非法侵害等。”[2] 除了具有特定法律意义的词之外,很多在日常生活中普遍应用的词汇,一旦到了法律文本中,便具有了区别于日常意义的法律意义。这也就是我们常 说的法律词汇的“专业性”。下表列举部分英语单词的普通意义和法律意义: 英语单词 日常意义法律意义adverse 相反的非法的battery 电池伤害、人身攻击condemn 谴责判刑、定罪declaration 声明、宣言申诉书exhibit 展出物证hear 听见听审immunity 免疫力豁免权leave 离开休庭proceed 进行起诉report 报告揭发sentence 句子判决undo 解开勾引、诱奸vacation 假期休庭期warrant 保证拘捕令 除了这些普通词汇所具有的专业意义之外,法律英语中还保留了一些外来词和旧体词,这也是法律词汇专业性的一个体现和标记。 外来词:现代法律词汇中保留一些来自拉文的词汇,如: ad hoc 专门地bona fide 真诚地 de facto 事实上的inter alia 除了别的因素以外in re 关于 mutatis mutandis 已作了必要的修订pari passu 按相同比例per se 自身pro bono 为了公益pro rata 按比例 第18卷3期2005年8月 中国科技翻译CHIN ESE SCIENCE &TECHNOLO GY TRANSLATORS JOURNAL Vol.18.No.3 Aug.2005 收稿日期:2005—03—09/14
外贸常用英语词汇大全 1.商品品质数量包装价格 品质条件 品质quality 规格specifications 等级grade 标准standard 样品sample 色彩样品colour sample 款式样品pattern sample 原样original sample 复样duplicate sample 对等样品countersample 参考样品reference sample 封样sealed sample 代表性样品representative sample 商品目录catalogue 宣传小册pamphlet 说明书description 公差tolerance 货号article No. 花色（搭配）assortment 增减5% plus or minus 大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality 数量条件 个数number 长度length 面积area 体积volume 容积capacity 净重net weight 毛重gross weight 皮重tare 毛作净gross for net 溢短装条款more or less clause 重量weight 装运重量shipping weight 卸货重量landed weight 理论重量theoretical weight 公吨metric ton 长吨long ton 短吨short ton 公斤kilogram, kilo, kg 磅pound, lb 盎司ounce, oz 件piece 双pair 打dozen 令ream 套set l 立方米cubic meter 升litre 加仑gallon 蒲式耳bushel 公制metric system 英制british system 美制U.S.System 包装方法 起泡包装blister packing 中性包装neutral packing 吸塑包装skin packing 挂式包装hanging packing 引某人注目catch sb's eye 唛头mark 无牌的包装unlabelled packing 散装in bulk 散装in loose packing 裸装nude packing 整批包装bulk pack 零售包装consumer pack 大包装large packing 小包装inner packing, external packing, end packing ,压缩包装shrunk packaging 喷泡沫包装foam-spary packaging 礼品包装gift-wrap 袋bag, sack 麻袋jute bag 塑料袋polythelene bag, plastic bag 尼龙绳网袋polythelene net 拉链袋zippered bag 箱case, chest 盒box 木箱wooden case 纸箱carton 集装箱container 板条箱rate 纤维板箱fibre board case 小包packet 包bale 捆bundle 罐头tin , can 篮，篓，筐basket 竹篓bamboo basket 瓶bottle 小木桶wooden keg 大桶hogshead 铁桶iron drum 铁桶cylinder
Hotel English Words: make a reservation:预定 register：登记、注册 Room Reservation: 客房预订处 Book : 预订 book a room/ book a ticket Confirm : 确认 Counter : 柜台 Double room: 双人房 Single room: 单人间 Triple room:三人间 Standard room : 标准间 Family suite: 家庭套房 Deluxe suite : 豪华套房 Presidential suite : 总统套房 Double room with tiwn beds:有两张单人床的双人间 Double bed:双人床 Room change : 房价 Special rate : 优惠价 Service change: 服务费
Discount : 折扣 a 10 percent discount/off suites: 套房 How would you like to pay credit card or cash (您想怎么付款) ---Credit card: 信用卡 ---Cash : 现金 Name tag : 标签，行李牌 Luggage/baggage: 行李 Suitcase : 箱子 Handbag : 手提包 Valuables: 贵重物品 Breakable : 易碎的 Full name/complete name: 全名 Fill in : 填写 Nationality : 国籍 Departure date : 离开日期 Signature : 签名 Passport :护照 Receipt : 收据 Fine : 罚金 Sundry fee : 杂费
外贸常用英语词汇 商品品质数量包装价格 品质条件 品质quality 规格specifications 等级grade 标准standard 样品sample 色彩样品colour sample 款式样品pattern sample 原样original sample 复样duplicate sample 对等样品countersample 参考样品reference sample 封样sealed sample 代表性样品representative sample 商品目录catalogue 宣传小册pamphlet 说明书description 公差tolerance 货号article No. 花色(搭配assortment 增减5% plus or minus 大路货(良好平均品质fair average quality 数量条件 个数number 长度length 面积area 体积volume 容积capacity 净重net weight 毛重gross weight 皮重tare 毛作净gross for net 溢短装条款more or less clause 重量weight 装运重量shipping weight 卸货重量landed weight 理论重量theoretical weight 公吨metric ton 长吨long ton 短吨short ton 公斤kilogram, kilo, kg 磅pound, lb 盎司ounce, oz
件piece 双pair 打dozen 令ream 套set l 立方米cubic meter 升litre 加仑gallon 蒲式耳bushel 公制metric system 英制british system 美制U.S.System 包装方法 起泡包装blister packing 中性包装neutral packing 吸塑包装skin packing 挂式包装hanging packing 引某人注目catch sb's eye 唛头mark 无牌的包装unlabelled packing 散装in bulk 散装in loose packing 裸装nude packing 整批包装bulk pack 零售包装consumer pack 大包装large packing 小包装inner packing, external packing, end packing ,压缩包装shrunk packaging 喷泡沫包装foam-spary packaging 礼品包装gift-wrap 袋bag, sack 麻袋jute bag 塑料袋polythelene bag, plastic bag 尼龙绳网袋polythelene net 拉链袋zippered bag 箱case, chest 盒box 木箱wooden case 纸箱carton 集装箱container 板条箱rate 纤维板箱fibre board case 小包packet 包bale 捆bundle 罐头tin , can 篮,篓,筐basket 竹篓bamboo basket 瓶bottle 小木桶wooden keg 大桶hogshead 铁桶iron drum 铁桶cylinder 琵琶桶barrel 圆桶drum