综合练习（历次水平II试题精选）
Part One Listening Comprehension
Section I
Directions: In this section you will hear two students, Frank and Theresa, disc
ussing a survey they have to write as an assignment. Listen to the conversation
and complete the notes below which what you hear.
Notes about Frank’s survey:
Topic: ________________________________
Typical examples of violent programs: _________________________________________ _____
People’s suggestions: ________________________________________________________ ____
People ’s reactions to violence on news broadcast: ____________________________
__________
______________________________________________________________________
A possible problem with this survey: __________________________________________
______
The advantage of the survey: __________________________________________________ _____
Section Two
Directions: In this section you will listen to some news program. Below are
the summaries of the news items. Listen to the recording and fill in the
missing w ords to complete the new summaries.
1.An orangutan stopped the traffic outside _________ . It took a keep from the zo
o ________ minutes to get downtown because of the traffic. The animal showed no
interest in ________ but responded when the keeper ________ to it. It held the
keeper ’s _______ as they got into the car.
2. A new method for teaching singing has been developed. Most singers are unaware
of how they ______________________. By wearing a ______________ over your head while you sing, you can hear your voice the way _____________ hear you. This ca
n help you _________ your singing.
3.This year there are _______ contestants in the Sunset Beaches and castle ______
__--aged from 8 to ____ . The two favorites are Greg Wallace (who has won three
times before), with his _______ castle, and newcomer David Bradley, with his S
tar Wars __________.
Section Three
In this section, you hear four telephone messages. What is each message about?
When you hear each message, you should write in English the main information. S
ome callers ’ names are: Alberto, Janine Ellis, and Jim Saunders. You will hear the
recording only once.
Telephone message 1: _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________.
Telephone message 2: _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________.
Telephone message 3: _________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
Telephone message 4:
__________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
Part Two Translation
Directions:Read the following passage carefully and translate it into Chinese.
Write your translation clearly in the spaces provided below.
What’s in a name?
For thousands of years, humanity has classified the living thins of this world in
much the same fashion; by their appearance. If it looks like a duck, walks a
nd quacks like a duck, then it is a duck. But tackling millions of species in t his
way has proven to be a recipe for confusion. As scientists have found to th eir
cost, what looks like a duck may in fact be a goose.
More recently, genetic techniques have been applied, particularly for distingui
shing the more difficult-to-identity species such as viruses and bacteria by co mparing pieces of DNA. Might this approach be more generally applicable? Paul H ebert and his colleagues in Canada think it might be. Just as barcodes and the “universal product code” numbering scheme uniquely identify different items a t a supermarket checkout, they suggest that some stretches of DNA could perform a similar function in living things. In a paper just published in Proceedings
of the Royal Society B, they discuss how long such a genetic barcode needs to
b e, and where it might be found.
A universal product code found on the high street consists of a string of 11 di
gits, each of which is one of ten numerals, providing 100 billion unique combin ations. Genetic material, however, uses a quaternary, rather than a denary, cod
ing system. In theory, it would only be necessary to sample 15 of those letters
to create one billion unique codes.
In practice, however, the characteristics of DNA mean that 15 letters are not e nough. Unlike the arbitrary numbers of a universal product code, the letters of
DNA are not random, because they code for something that a biological meaning. Part Three Writing
Directions:Boshi Electronic (China) Co., Ltd. is planning to recruit an assis
tant to the general manager. Read the job description and qualification and wri
te to this company to recommend yourself as a candidate. Your letter of applica tion should not be less than 300 words.
Job description: Qualification
Assit daily administration work Master degree
Collect and manage information Good skill in communication
Responsible for the correspondence Good computer skills
and documents
Good skills in both written and
Make business travel plan spoken English
Involved in meeting arrangement Teamwork orientation
Make reports accurately
Some topics for Speaking Test
Opening Questions
1.Do you like music? What kind of music do you listen to these days? Why do y
ou like this particular music?
2.Do you like sports? What kind of games do you often play? Why do you like
t hat game?
3.Suppose you have won $100,000 ina lottery. What would you do with this mone
y?
4.Why do you choose Tsinghua to do your graduate program? What are the most
i mportant factors in choosing a school?
5.What kind of job do you plan to take upon graduation? Why?
6.How much time do you spend learning about the news everyday? How do you lea
rn about the news, by watching TV or reading newspaper？Talk about one piece of the latest new that impressed you a great deal.
7.In the development of human society, many kinds of inventions have greatly
benefited our lives. Could you give us some examples? What do you think are the
top important inventions in the past 50 years?
8.In everyone ’s life, he may experience many good and bad events. Please tel
l me some past events which made you feel good or bad.
9.Do you use e-mail or the Internet? What do you use them for?
II. Role plays or debate
1.As the job-hunting season is approaching, many graduates have to decide
whe ther to remain in Beijing and seek a job here (though it is not very easy to hu
nt a good job) or go to small cities to have an easy life.
Student A:
in Beijing won It ’s not advisable choice for us to work in Beijing, for the
lif ’t be easy.
e
Student B: I will try every effort to remain here to have a further develop an d enjoy the exciting life here.
2.As the industry develops more rapidly in these years, people in China
becom e much more concerning about the environmental protection.
Student A ： I appeal to the government to postpone or stop some of the current p
rojects, and punish the ones who are polluting our city. Industrialization brin
gs us nothing but the stink of money and a dirty sky. We should not develop our
industry intensely. The industrialization should be slowed down at once, or w
e’ll get punished
Student B:We shouldn’t reduce our production under any circumstance. I don ’t mean to be unconventional. But I do prefer industrial development to environm
ental protection. More exactly, industrialization can be the motivation and als
o the supporter of environment protection, which may be the contrary to
normal consideration.
3.Deputies from the National People's Congress, as well as members of the Chi
nese People's Political Consultative Conference, proposed changes to the holida ys
at this year's congress. They called for shortened Labor Day and National Da
y holidays, and the addition of the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Tomb Sweeping
D ay.
agree to the change of the holidays, the golden week h
Student A ： I ’m strongly
as lots of disadvantages.
Student B ： I don ’t think the golden week holiday should be abrogated, because
people have been used to it. People need it.
4.Our country has stepped into the aging society (people who are 65 or older
have taken up 14%).Who will take care of the very old and disable old? Where
co uld they spend the last few years in their life?
Student A ： The nursing home is the only way to solve the problem.
Student B ：I can ’t agree. Those who l ive in the nursing home are not as happy
as those who live with their family.
5.Have you ever experienced a natural disaster? Work with your partner and
di scuss the disaster(s) that you experienced or heard of.
6.Student A ：All the Chinese should join in the "Rejecting the Japanese Goods"
side, because the Japanese have done too many things hurting our feelings. Student
B ："Rejecting the Japanese Goods" is not necessary. The Japanese goods,
such as the Japanese notebook PCs, the Japanese cars and so on, are better
and cheaper than ours.
7. Student A ：English language is tool—we learn it for we’ re going to use it.
So the four skills of English are very important. We attend the English
Class for improving our English Skills.
Student B ： We attend the English class because the charm of a foreign culture o
ften attracts us strongly. That is the very foundation stone of the interest of
learning a foreign language. Furthermore, only by mastering the foreign lang uage can one
attain the charm of a culture.
nowadays. M 8. Class discussion has become a common activity in our classroom
any teachers use this activity to involve students in the class learning.
Student A:It's a waste of time to listen to other students who are as ignor
ant as us to talk nonsense; we prefer to listen to teachers.
Student B ： Class discussion can get students more involved in class learning an
d can giv
e us a chance to share what we know about the subjects.
9.Nowadays internet has penetrated into every aspect of out daily life. A
lot of people have ever tried to buy something from the internet.
Student A:Shopping on internet is very convenient.
Student B:I love the traditional shopping method.
10.Student A: I worry about the future of human beings. We are facing so ma ny
problems in the development.
Student B:I do believe that our children will have a better life.
A:Computer games are the best way to kill time and can people can learn a lot
from playing it.
B:Computer games do more harm than good to young people.
11. A and B are two classmates who have never met after they graduated from th
e university 5 years ago. Now they meet at the classmates ’ reunion party? What would you say? Role play the two old classmates.
12.Did you have to adhere to a dress code or wear a uniform when you went
sch ool? How did you feel about it then? How do you feel about it now? Work in pair s to discuss the topic.
13.Role Play: Where are you from? You and your partner may come from differen t regions inChina. Compare the lifestyles in each of your hometown by discussio
n what is hot (popular) and what is not in the city or town.
14.Role Play: Tell each other a past event which made you feel good or bad .
A embarrassed situation, un unforgettable school event, a happy reunion, or mee ting a famous person).
15.What qualities do heroes in movies and TV shows in your country have? Who are some of your own personal heroes? Why do you admire and respect these peopl e? Tell each other you heroes you respect.
16.Nowadays, more and more parents choose to educate primary school children at home instead of sending them to school to get public education. How do you t hink about it?
A: strongly agree to it.B: strongly against it.
17.Should the University Campus be open to tourist?
A: strongly agree to it.B: strongly against it.
about the marriage of the college students.
A: strongly agree to it.B: strongly against it.
do you think the Clone technology?
A: It’s a breakthrough of the biological engineer.
B: Human cloning would cause a lot of problems.
写作题型与篇章结构
写作从命题语言形式上可以分为三类：
1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?People are never sa tisfied with what they have. They always want something more or something diffe
rent. Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
该题型的篇章结构：
第一段：引言（表明观点：支持/ 反对）
第二段：支持 / 反对理由一
第三段：支持 / 反对理由二
（第四段：支持/ 反对理由三）
第五段：结论（归纳或重申观点）
2. Some schools encourage their students to take part in team sports, such as
football, baseball, and basketball.Other schools place greater emphasis on s
uch individual sports as tennis, running, and swimming.Which type of sports program would you recommend for teenagers?Use specific reasons and examples
to support your answer.
该题型的篇章结构：
（1）第一段：引言（用自己的语言解释命题，肯定两种观点的合理性）
第二段：第一种观点的合理性
第三段：第二种观点的合理性
第四段：结论（自己的观点及两至三条理由或倾向于折中的观点）
（2）第一段：引言（略提及自己反对的观点的合理性，转折后，明确表明自己支持的观点）
第二段：自己支持的观点论据一
第三段：自己支持的观点论据二
（第四段：自己支持的观点论据三）
第五段：结论（重申自己的观点）
3. Inventions such as eyeglasses and the sewing machine have had an important e
ffect on your lives. Choose another invention that you think is important. G ive specific reasons for your choice.
该题型的篇章结构：
第一段：引言（明确话题）
第二段：讨论话题第一方面
第三段：讨论话题第二方面
（第四段：讨论话题第三方面）
第五段：结论（总结前面提到的几个方面）
范文 1：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has helped im
prove standards of education. Use specific reasons and details to support your
answer.
I disagree that television has helped improved standards of education for a num ber
of reasons. The first and probably the most important reason is the program ming.
Around the world it is movies, sit-com, soap operas, pop music and talk s hows
which dominate TV screens. There may be nothing wrong with these, and they are
certainly popular with audiences, but the content of these programs has no
t helped to make people better educated.
Typical television programs have also had a bad effect on viewers? Attention
sp an, that is, on how long they can concentrate. Most TV programs do not
require much concentration and young viewers, especially, get used to this.
Education, on the other hand, does require concentration and young people
find this increa singly difficult.
Another characteristic of television is that it encourages a passive attitude i
n viewers instead of an active one. Most popular TV programs encourage an
uncri tical response, but education requires you to think about what is presented
to you, to react to it and in some way to make use of it. In addition, passive TV-
watching has often taken the place of more active pursuits such as reading, mus
ic, playing board games and conversation, all of which are more educational
tha n a typical evening of TV.
Finally, it seems to be true that television makes it difficult for viewers, es
pecially young ones, to distinguish properly between fact and fiction. This con fusion, which is really another kind of uncritical response, again works agains
t educational principles.
Television has done many good things. It entertains lonely, old and sick people;
it certainly helps countries ’ economies by selling products, and can be very informative by bringing news from around the locality, the country and the worl
d into peoples ’ homes. However, by making peopl
e passive and uncritical, telev ision has a negative effect on education.
范文 2：
There have been many arguments in recent years whether nuclear energy should be used to generate electricity. Do you think nuclear energy should or should not be used for this purpose in your country? Which side do you agree with? Use sp ecific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on b oth sides. People who support using nuclear energy to produce electricity usual ly
give some or all of the following reasons. The first argument is that it is
potentially cheaper than any other way. The second is that other ways of
produc ing electricity require nonrenewable resources, such as coal and oil, and
one d ay these will be used up. This, they say, is not the case if we use nuclear
ene rgy. The third reason is more of a political one: some countries do not have
th e raw materials, such as coal, oil or water, which are needed to generate
elect ricity and so they have to depend too much on other countries.
People who attack using nuclear energy for generating electricity generally say
that it is too dangerous, both now and in the future. They point to severe nuc
lear accidents, such as Chernobyl, and some others in the United States, and sa
y that the effects are so bad that the risk of an accident, even if the risk is
very small, is not worthwhile. They also often say that there will be problems
in the future of how to store the dangerous waste from old nuclear power stati
ons, which can be deadly for thousands of years.
As far as my own country is concerned, I believe there are two main reasons why
it should not try to use nuclear energy at this time. Firstly, we have plenty
of oil and hydroelectric energy from which to generate electricity. Secondly, i f countries like the United States and Russia can suffer nuclear accidents, it
would be very difficult to guarantee safety in my country. Furthermore, we
have many better and more urgent things to do with the money.
常用词语与表达法
1. Introductory:generally speaking, generally, as a general rule, comparativ ely speaking, comparatively, in general, in a sense, in one sense, in a way, to some extent, to a certain degree, in my opinion, in my view, to my mind, as fo
r me, as far as I am concerned, on a personal level, at an individual level, fr
om a (personal and psychological) perspective, in some cases, in some respects, on a larger scale, at a local level, to take the idea further, to take the abo
ve point to an extreme, putting the discussion in a wider context, following th e same line of ?, traditionally, unfortunately, obviously, undoubtedly, practic ally speaking, simplistically speaking, economically speaking, financially spea king,
in terms of, at the risk of sounding too cold, in a slightly cold calcula tion, at
the risk of sounding too direct.
2. Comparison: similarly, likewise, in the same way, equally important, like, both ?and?, the same as, (have ?) in common, in a not dissimilar way
3. Contrast: on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, unlike, in sharp contrast, whereas, rather than, conversely, instead, by contra
st
4. Exemplification: for example, for instance, as an example, as a case in p oint, as an illustration, such as, namely, that is, like, say
5. Enumeraion: first, second, in the first place, initially, first of all, to
begin with, to start with, first and foremost, in the second place, next, also, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more, beyond that, for on
e thing, for another, finally, supremely, eventually
6.Cause: because?, because of, as, since, for, owing to, due to, on account of, as a result of
7. Concession: although, nevertheless, however, but, yet, admittedly, it is t rue ?but, in spite of, even though, granted that ?, at the very worse
8. Emphasis: chiefly, especially, indeed, in fact, certainly, particularly, t o be sure, actually, above all, surely, most important of all, even worse, no d oubt, needless to say, more often than not
9.Result: thus, so, consequently, hence, therefore, accordingly, as a result, for
this reason, as a consequence, on that account, it follows that ?10.Summary: in conclusion, in short, in brief, in summary, on the whole, fin ally, to sum up, to conclude, in a word
常用句型
Argumentation
1、The idea of ? is not without advantages.
2、Nonetheless, pound for pound, I reckon that ? is more advantageous.
3、My view is that ??
4、Likewise, common sense tells us t hat ??
5、Many people would claim that??
6、I also see a more serous reason for preferring to ??
7、 A, by contrast, is blessed with advantages.
8、Another reason why I would usually prefer to ?? is that ??
9、I can see that many of the advantages of ?? seem obvious.
10、What is also worth noticing is that ??
11、It might also be noted that ??
12、If we turn our attention to ??， we see that ??
13、There is no evidence to suggest that ??
14、The chief strength of ?? is ??
15、 A fu rther reason why I advocate an attitude of ?? is that??
Exemplification
1. I can think of no better illustration of the idea than the example of ??
2. I can think of no better illustration of the view than the fact of ??
3.Numerous other examples might be given easily, but these will suffice.
4. we may cite a single example of ??
5. history presents many examples of ??
6.The situation is not rare, it is one of many examples I have encountered.
7. one very amusing example of this is??
Conclusion
1. From what has been discus sed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that??
2.Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclusion that
??
3.Judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely come to the conclusion tha
t ??
4. All the evidence supports an unmistak able conclusion that ??
5. All the analysis justifies an unshakable view that ??
6. All the evidence confirms a sound idea that ??
7. Personal experience leads me to the conclusion that ??
8. I agree with the above statement because it seems to me that ??
9. Above all, I have supported the statement that it is better to ?? because
??
10. To be fair, I must own up the advantage that ?? , but I firmly believe that
??
听力模拟题一
Question 1-4
Complete the notes below.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBERfor each answer.
NOTES ON SOCIAL PROGRAMME Example Answer Number of trips per month: 5 visit places which have:
· historical interest
· good 1
· 2
Cost : between ￡and ￡per person
Note : of 3 special trips organized for groups people
Time : departure –.
return –.
To reserve a seat : sign name on
the 4 3 days in advance
Question 5-10
Complete the table below.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBERfor each answer.
WEEKEND TRIPS
Num
ber
Place Date of Optional extra sea
ts
St Ives516Hepworth Museum
London16th February45 6
73rd March18. Great Britain
Salisbury 18th March 50 Stonehenge
Bath 23rd March 16 8
For further information:
Read the 9or see Social Assistant: Jane 10
Question 11-13
Complete the sentences below.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBERfor each answer.
RIVERSIDE INDUSTRIAL VILLAGE
11 Riverside Village was a good place to start an industry because it had wat
er raw materials and fuels such as
d.
an
12 y The metal industry was established at Riverside Village
b who lived in the area.
13 There were over water-powered mills in th
e area in the eighteenth century.
Question 14-23
Complete the notes below.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBERfor each answer.
THE URBAN LANDSCAPE
Two areas of focus:
·the effect of vegetation on the urban climate
·ways of planning our
14 better
Large-scale impact of trees:
·they ca n make cities more or less
15
·in summer they can make cities cooler
·they can make inland cities more
16
Local impact of trees:
·they can make local areas
—more 17
—cooler
—more humid
—less windy
—less 18
Comparing trees and buildings
Temperature regulation:
·t rees evaporate water through
their 19
·b uilding surfaces may reach high
temperatures Wind force:
·t all buildings cause more wind at
20 level
·tree s 21 the wind force
Noise:
·t rees have a small effect on traffic noise
frequency noise ·22
passes through trees
Important points to consider:
·t rees require a lot of sunlight, water and
23to grow
听力模拟题一——答案和听力原文
Answer Key
1shopping/ variety of shopping
2guided tours
3more than 12/ over 12
4notice board
513th February
6Tower of London
7Bristol
8American Museum
9student newspaper
10Yentob
11coal
firewood
12local craftsmen
13160
14cities/ environment
15windy
16humid
17shady/ shaded
18dangerous
19leaves
20ground
21considerably reduce/ decrease/ filter
22low
23space/ room
Audio Scripts
Question 1-4
MAN:Good morning.
WOMAN: Good morning. How can I help you?
MAN:I understand t hat the school organizes?umm, trips to different?
WOMAN: Yes, we run five every month(example): three during weekends and two Wednesday afternoon trips.
MAN:What sort of places?
WOMAN: Well, obviously it varies, but always places of historical interest and
also which offer a variety of shopping(Q1), because our students always ask
about that?and then we go for ones there we know there are guided tours(Q2), because this gives a good focus for the visit.
MAN:Do you travel far?
WOMAN: Well, we ’re lucky here, obviously, because we ’ re able to say that all our visits
are less than three hours drive.
MAN:How much do they cost?
WOMAN: Again it varies-between five and fifteen pounds a head, depending on di
stance.
MAN: Ah ha?
WOMAN: Oh, and we do offer to arrange special trips if, you know, there are m ore than twelve(Q3) people.
MAN: Oh right, I ’ll keep that in mind. And what are the times normally?
WOMAN: We try to keep it pretty fixed so that, that students get to know the p
attern. We leave at eight- thirty . and return at six . We figure it ’s best to
keep the day fairly short.
MAN: Oh yes. And how do we reserve a place?
WOMAN: You sign your name on the notice board(Q4) . Do you know where it is?
MAN: Ah ha. I saw it this morning.
WOMAN: And we d o ask that you sign up three days in advance so we know we ’ve
got enough people interested to run it, and we can cancel if necessary, with fu
ll refund of course.
MAN: That ’s fine, thanks.
Question 5-10
MAN:And what visits are planned for this term?
WOMAN: Right, well I ’m afraid the schedule hasn ’t been printed out yet, but
we have confirmed the dates and planed the optional extra visits which you can
also book in advance if you want to.
MAN: Oh that ’s all right. If you can just give some idea of the weekend ones so I can, you know, work out when to see friends, etcetera.
WOMAN: Oh sure. Well, the first one is St Ives. That ’s on the thirteenth of February(Q5) and we’ll have only sixteen places available ’cos we’re going
by minibus. And that ’s a day in town with the optional extra of visiting the H
epworth Museum.
MAN: Oh right ?yeah?that sounds good.
WOMAN: Then there ’s a London trip on the sixteenth of February and we ’ll be taking a medium- sized coach so there ’ ll be forty -five places on th at, and, let ’s see, the optional extra is the Tower of London(Q6) .
MAN: Oh, I ’ve already been there.
WOMAN: After that there ’s Bristol(Q7) on the third of March.
MAN:Where?
WOMAN: Bristol?B-R-I-S-T-O-L.
MAN:OK?.
WOMAN: That ’s in a different mini bus with eighteen places available, oh, and
the optional extra is a visit to the . Greet Britain.
MAN:OK?
WOMAN: We’re going to Salisbury on the eighteenth of March and that’s always a popular one because the optional extra is Stonehenge, so we’re taki ng the la rge coach with fifty seats?
MAN:Oh good.
WOMAN: And then the last one is to Bath on the twenty-third of March.
MAN:Oh yes. Is Bath the Roman city?
WOMAN: Yes, that’s right, and that’s in the sixteen-seater minibus.
MAN:And where’s the optional visit?
WOMAN: It ’s to the American Museum(Q8)- well worth a visit.
MAN:OK, well that’s great, thanks for all that?
WOMAN: My pleasure. By the way, if you want more information about any of the
trips, have a look in the student newspaper(Q9).
MAN: OK.
WOMAN: Or, have a word with my assistant; her name is Jane Yentob(Q10) - th at ’s Y -E-N-T-O-B.
MAN: Right, I ’ve got that. Thank you very much for all your help.
WOMAN: You’re very welcome. I hope you enjoy the trips.
Question 11-13
Good afternoon everybody and welcome to Riverside Industrial Village. To start
your visit I’m just going to give you a brief account of the history of the mu
seum before letting you roam about on your own. I won’t keep you long. OK?
Now, from where we ’re standing you’ve got a good view of the river over th
ere. And it was because of this fast-flowing water that this site was a natural
place for manufacturing works. The water and the availability of raw materials
in the area, like minerals and iron ore, and also the abundance of local fuels,
like coal and firewood(Q11),all made this site suitable for industry from
a very early time.
Water was the main source of power for the early industries and some of the
water wheels were first established in the twelfth century, would you believe?
At that time,local craftsmen(Q12)first built an iron forge just behind the
village here on the bend in the river. By the seventeenth and eighteenth centu
water m ries the regions rivers supported more than a hundred and sixty(Q13)
ills-and many of these continued operate well into the nineteenth century. But
then the steam engine was invented and then the railways came and the centers o
f industry were able to move away from the rivers and the countryside and into
the towns. So, industrial villages like this one became very rare.
So that ’ s the history for you. If you’ d like any more information, you can
ask me some questions, or you can read further in our excellent guide book.
Question 14-23
Good day, ladies and gentlemen. I have been asked today to talk to you about
th e urban landscape. There are two major areas that I will focus on in my talk: h
ow vegetation can have a significant effect on urban climate, and how we can be
tter plan our cities using trees to provide a more comfortable environment(Q1
4)for us to live in.