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春季常见呼吸道传染病的预防知识教学内容
春季常见呼吸道传染病的预防知识
春季常见呼吸道传染病的预防知识 春季是呼吸道传染病的高发季节。常见传染性疾病包括：流脑、水痘、普通感冒、流行性感冒、麻疹、风疹、单纯疱疹、流行性腮腺炎、猩红热，传染性非典型肺炎（SARS）和人感染高致病性禽流感两类新病种。呼吸道传染病主要通过空气、短距离飞沫或接触呼吸道分泌物等途径传播。 流行性感冒 流行性感冒（简称流感），是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病。常于冬、春季流行，通过空气飞沫传播。该病潜伏期短，一般1～3日，最短数小时，最长4日，传染性强，传播迅速。临床症状为急起高热，全身症状较重，呼吸道症状较轻。显著头痛、身痛、乏力、咽干及食欲减退等。部分病人有鼻阻、流涕、干咳等。查体可见急性热病容，面颊潮红，眼结膜及咽部充血。肺部可闻及干罗音。发热多于1～2日内达高峰，3～4日内退热，其他症状随之缓解，但上呼吸道症状常持续1～2周后才逐渐消失，体力恢复亦较慢。 预防措施 1、常洗手。病毒可以在患者手摸过的地方存活3个小时，所以你应经常洗手。 2、办公室、居室多通风换气。
3、多喝水。多喝水可以将病毒从你身上冲走，并防止脱水症的发生，而脱水症则是感冒的并发症之一。 4、不要总揉你的鼻子。揉鼻子容易把手上的病毒直接揉在你身上这个最易被传染上的地方。 5、别老坐着不活动。每天进行30—45分钟的有氧锻炼。如散步、骑车、跳舞，都可以极大地增强你抵御感冒的能力。 6、多吃维生素E和C。维生素E在人的免疫系统中占有重要的地位，但它多存在于动物脂肪和植物油当中，所以那些不爱吃肉、吃油的人摄入得少。他们需要补充一些维生素E类的食品。维生素C有减轻感冒症状及程度的作用，所以可以口服一些，但别过量。 7、保持营养均衡和避免过度劳累，要有充足的睡眠，这是预防流感的基础措施。 8、一旦发生流感，主要是加强护理（发病后卧床休息，多饮水，进食易消化、营养丰富的食物），必要时给予对症处理（如发热、头痛时给予阿司匹林等解热镇痛药），防止出现并发症。 麻疹、风疹 麻疹：麻疹俗称“疹子”、“痧子”(以6个月至5岁小孩为主要发病群，但也有成年人及大学生发病)是由麻疹病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病，多发于冬春两季。麻疹传染性非常强，病毒随飞沫排出直接感染，间接传播很少。但患过麻疹后可获得免疫力。
呼吸道传染病预防知识问答指南
呼吸道传染病预防知识问答 问：什么叫呼吸道传染病？ 答：病原体从呼吸道感染侵入、传播而引起的疾病叫做呼吸道传染病。 呼吸道是人体从鼻子吸入氧气和从肺呼出二氧化碳的通道。包括鼻腔、咽、喉、气管、支气管、细支气管等。医学上将鼻、咽、喉叫上呼吸道，气管、支气管叫下呼吸道。呼吸道与外部相通，受各种病原体侵袭的机会较多，呼吸道进入的病原体，原始寄生部位通常是呼吸道粘膜及肺。 问：引起呼吸道传染病的病原体有哪些？ 答：有以下几大类：主要包括病毒、致病菌和支原体、衣原体等。病毒主要有：流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、鼻病毒、冠状病毒、人肠道病毒（埃可病毒）、新型肠道病毒、单纯疱疹病毒、水痘-带状疱疹病毒、流行性腮腺炎病毒、风疹病毒、麻风病毒、天花病毒（1979年世界卫生组织宣布天花在世界上绝迹，目前仅有美国疾病控制中心和俄罗斯的一个实验室还存有天花病毒样本，大多数国家已停止接种牛痘疫苗。但恐怖分子可能使用天花病毒作为生物武器，必须重视及早发现和控制天花疫情）等。 致病菌主要有百日咳杆菌、白喉杆菌、乙型溶血性链球菌等。 此外还有肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体、立克次体及军团菌等病原体。 问：为何冬春季要特别注意呼吸道传染病的发生？ 答：由于在夏季，气候炎热、潮湿，不利于某些病毒、病菌的生存和传播，待到气候转凉时又会重新活跃出现。冬春季寒冷，人们在外边活动减少，多集中在室内，这更增加了传染机会。为了御寒，人们习惯把门窗关得很严，这样，室内外的空气很难交换，在空气相对静止的室内，带有病菌、病毒的飞沫在空气中飘浮，人在屋子里呆的时间长，空气又不新鲜，自然容易感染呼吸道传染病。另外，寒冷的空气会使鼻黏膜的血管收缩，降低呼吸道的抵抗力，这也是容易得病的一个原因。 问：几种常见呼吸道传染病的基本知识。 答：常见有流行性感冒、麻疹、水痘、风疹、流行性脑脊髓膜炎
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初一英语下册期中考试试卷1
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新发呼吸道传染病
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D:免疫人群迁入 ? 5.传染病在人群传播必须具备以下条件： A:传染源和传播途径 B:传播途径和易感人群 C:传染源、传播途径和易感人群 ? 6.对于传染病的发生与流行发挥决定性作用的是： A:自然因素 B:社会因素 呼吸道传染病的病原学考试 本组考核由题库随机抽取，全部答对后视为通过，限时30分钟? 1.已知最小的DNA病毒是： A:带状疱疹病毒 B:单纯疱疹病毒 C:博卡病毒 D:细小病毒B19 ? 2.以下pH条件风疹病毒不被灭活的是： A:pH=3 B:pH=4 C:pH=8 D:pH=11 ? 3.关于杀灭病原体，以下哪些是错误的：
A:结核杆菌在干燥痰中可存活6-8月，日光照射2-7h均可杀灭结核菌 B:鼠疫杆菌在土壤中可存活1-3月 C:溶血性链球菌对青霉素敏感 D:腺病毒耐受乙醚、胰酶 E:脑膜炎球菌在低温条件下易死亡 ? 4.决定流感特异性的是： A:血凝素 B:核蛋白 C:膜蛋白 ? 5.流感病毒属于什么科： A:正粘病毒 B:副粘病毒 C:流感病毒 呼吸道传染病临床特征和治疗考试 本组考核由题库随机抽取，全部答对后视为通过，限时30分钟 ? 1.以下流感的并发症中仅见于儿童的是： A:瑞氏（Reye’s syndrome）综合征 B:中毒性休克 C:中毒性心肌炎
人教版高一英语必修一Unit1测试题(含答案)
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七年级下册英语期中试卷(含答案)1
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5. What is the weather going to be like? A. It is supposed to be warm. B. The rain is not expected to last long. C. It’s l ikely to be cloudy and cold. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6. Where is the woman going? A. To the post office. B. To the museum. C. To the fruit shop. 7. How can she find the bridge? A. Go down the street and turn left. B. Go down the street and turn right. C. Go straight forward along the street. 8. How long will it take the woman to get there?
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呼吸道传染病预防知识问答
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呼吸道传染病预防知识问答问：什么叫呼吸道传染病？ 答：病原体从呼吸道感染侵入、传播而引起的疾病叫做呼吸道传染病。 呼吸道是人体从鼻子吸入氧气和从肺呼出二氧化碳的通道。包括鼻腔、咽、喉、气管、支气管、细支气管等。医学上将鼻、咽、喉叫上呼吸道，气管、支气管叫下呼吸道。呼吸道与外部相通，受各种病原体侵袭的机会较多，呼吸道进入的病原体，原始寄生部位通常是呼吸道粘膜及肺。 问：引起呼吸道传染病的病原体有哪些？ 答：有以下几大类：主要包括病毒、致病菌和支原体、衣原体等。病毒主要有：流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、鼻病毒、冠状病毒、人肠道病毒（埃可病毒）、新型肠道病毒、单纯疱疹病毒、水痘-带状疱疹病毒、流行性腮腺炎病毒、风疹病毒、麻风病毒、天花病毒（1979年世界卫生组织宣布天花在世界上绝迹，目前仅有美国疾病控制中心和俄罗斯的一个实验室还存有天花病毒样本，大多数国家已停止接种牛痘疫苗。但恐怖分子可能使用天花病毒作为生物武器，必须重视及早发现和控制天花疫情）等。 致病菌主要有百日咳杆菌、白喉杆菌、乙型溶血性链球菌等。 此外还有肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体、立克次体及军团菌等病原体。 问：为何冬春季要特别注意呼吸道传染病的发生？
答：由于在夏季，气候炎热、潮湿，不利于某些病毒、病菌的生存和传播，待到气候转凉时又会重新活跃出现。冬春季寒冷，人们在外边活动减少，多集中在室内，这更增加了传染机会。为了御寒，人们习惯把门窗关得很严，这样，室内外的空气很难交换，在空气相对静止的室内，带有病菌、病毒的飞沫在空气中飘浮，人在屋子里呆的时间长，空气又不新鲜，自然容易感染呼吸道传染病。另外，寒冷的空气会使鼻黏膜的血管收缩，降低呼吸道的抵抗力，这也是容易得病的一个原因。 问：几种常见呼吸道传染病的基本知识。 答：常见有流行性感冒、麻疹、水痘、风疹、流行性脑脊髓膜炎（简称流脑）等。 流行性感冒 由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病，具有很强的传染性，其发病率占传染病之首位。 临床表现：流感病毒，分为甲、乙、丙三型。同型病毒又分为若干亚型，如甲0、甲1、甲2、甲3……。流感病毒主要侵入呼吸道，但其毒素对全身器官有广泛的毒性作用，临床上有发热、全身酸痛、咽痛、咳嗽与白细胞减少等症状。少数情况下，病毒也可能进入血液累及全身而引起呼吸道以外的病理改变和临床征候。体弱多病者易发生流感病毒性肺炎或继发感染而死亡。 传染源：流感的传染源主要是病人和隐性感染者，传染期为1周。 传播途径：流感以空气飞沫直接传播为主，也可通过被病毒污染的物品间接传播。
