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一站式掌握英语中的间接引语（ReportedSpeech）内容摘要（一）定义何谓“直接引语”和“间接引语”（二）三个原则1、时态变化原则2、人称变化原则3、句型变化原则（三）注意事项1、主句谓语动词的变化2、时间和地点状语等的变化3、直接引语是客观事实或真理时（一）定义有间接引语，势必先有直接引语。
所谓直接引语（Direct Speech），指的是直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“ ”标出。
而所谓间接引语（Indirect Speech，或Reported Speech），指的是用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号“ ”标出。
（二）三个原则直接引语转换为间接引语一直是各类英语考试中的考点，而考生也总是对于其中的转换方法不甚清晰。
其实，要想掌握难度也不大，首先要记住的是，直接引语转换为间接引语之后，一般是以宾语从句的形式呈现的。
另外，最为关键的是要掌握以下两个原则：1、时态变化原则当要把直接引语转化为间接引语时，首先要注意的是主句动词的时态。
一般分为以下两种情况：1）当主句动词采用的是一般现在时时，间接引语中动词的时态保持在直接引语时的时态不变。
比如：（1）直接引语：The worker says to Mary, "I really appreciate your timely help."间接引语：The worker tells Mary that he really appreciates her timely help.（2）直接引语：The workers say to my mother, "You have alwaysbeen so nice to us all."间接引语：The workers tell my mother she has always been so nice to them all.2）当主句动词采用的是一般过去时时，直接引语中的动词时态要改为相应的过去时态。
Reported speech(间接引语)学案Step 1 Definitions(定义)直接引语就是_______________________________________________间接引语就是_______________________________________________Step 2 The choice of the connections (引导词的选择)圈出下列间接引语中的引导词。
1．The English teacher said that she liked English.2．The physics teacher asked us if/whether we could swim.3．The history teacher asked us what he was doing.4．The Chinese teacher asked/told us to stop talking.Rules:•当直接引语是陈述句时，用________引导。
•当直接引语是一般疑问句时，用___________________引导。
•当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用___________________引导。
•当直接引语是祈使句时，用_____________________________的结构转述。
请写出下列间接引语的引导词。
1. He said," We're still students."2. "Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?"the young man asked.3. "Will you go to the concert with me this evening?" Mary asked me.4. The mother said,"Tom, get up early,please."Step 3 Word order(语序)用长方形画出引导词后的主语，用三角形画出谓语动词。
转述句转述句（reported speech）是指将别人所说的话转述为自己的话的一种语法结构。
在英语中，转述句通常由动词“say”、“tell”或其他类似的动词引导，同时还需要对引述的内容进行适当的改变。
本文将详细介绍转述句的使用规则和转换方法。
转述句的基本结构转述句的基本结构为：主句中的谓语动词引导的从句。
例如，原始句子为：“He said, ‘I love you.’”，经转述后变为：“He said that he loved her.”。
这里，“said”是主句中的谓语动词，而“that he loved her”则是一个由转述句引导的从句。
在转述句中，我们需要注意以下几个方面：1.时态的变化：转述句中的时态通常会发生变化。
一般情况下，一般现在时（simple present）变为一般过去时（simple past），过去进行时（past continuous）变为过去完成时（past perfect continuous），等等。
2.人称的变化：当转述的内容是第一人称时，需要根据句子的主语来确定是用“he”还是“she”来表示。
同时，指示代词也需要改变。
3.时间和地点的变化：转述句中的时间、地点等指示性词语通常需要相应地改变。
例如，“today”变为“that day”，“here”变为“there”等。
下面我们将通过一些例句来详细介绍转述句的使用规则和转换方法。
一般陈述句的转述1.直接引用：原始句子为：“She said, ‘I am happy.’”，经转述后变为：“She said that she was happy.”。
2.一般现在时的转述：原始句子为：“He says, ‘I likeplaying soccer.’”，经转述后变为：“He says that he likesplaying soccer.”。
3.过去进行时的转述：原始句子为：“She was saying,‘He is not coming.’”，经转述后变为：“She was saying thathe was not coming.”。
引述主詞人稱要改時態往前推
Say and tell
時態往前推
補充Direct speech Reported speech
【課後練習】把以下句子改正：
1. Tell the taxi driver where do you want to go.
2. He asked me that what did I intend to do after I graduate?
3. What does a patient tell a doctor it is confidential.
4. What my friend and I did it was our secret. We didn't even tell our parents what did we do.
5. The doctor asked that if I felt okay? I told him that I don't feel well.
6. Is true you almost drowned? my friend asked me. Yes, I said. I'm really glad to be alive.
7. It is a fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water safety whenever I go swimming.
8. When I asked the taxi driver to drive faster he said I will drive faster if you pay me more. At that time I didn't care how much would it cost, so I told him to go as fast as he can.
【答案】
1. Tell the taxi driver where you want to go.
2. He asked me what I intend ed to do after I graduat ed.
3. What a patient tell s a doctor is confidential.
4. What my friend and I did was our secret. We didn't even tell our parents what we had done.
5. The doctor asked if I felt okay. I told him that I didn't feel well.
6. "Is it true (that) you almost drowned?" my friend asked me. "Yes," I said. "I'm really glad to be alive."
7. The fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water safety whenever I go swimming.
8. When I asked the taxi driver to drive faster, he said, "I will drive faster if you pay me more." At that time I didn't car e how much it would cost, so I told him to go as fast as he could.
(最後這題也可以改成
indirect speech:When I asked the taxi driver to drive faster, he said he would drive faster if I paid him more. At that time I didn't care how much it would cost, so I told him to go as fast as he could.)。
