Unit 13
Task 1
【答案】
【原文】
Mr. Jones has gone to the doctor’s because he does not feel very well. What advice does the doctor give him?
Mr. Jones: Good morning, doctor.
Doctor: Good morning Mr... erm... Jones. Now what can I do for you?
Mr. Jones: Well. I’m not sure exactly. But I don’t feel very well. I get a lot of headaches— and I feel tired all the time.
Doctor: I see. Now, these headaches... Do you smoke?
Mr. Jones: Yes. I smoke rather a lot. About forty cigarettes a day. That’s because I worry about my work, you see.
Doctor: Hm. And what about exercise?
Mr. Jones: Well, I don’t get very much. I’m always too busy.
Doc tor: Hm. You don’t look very fit, do you? How much do you weigh?
Mr. Jones: I’m not sure. About a hundred kilos, I think. Perhaps I eat too much, but I’m always hungry!
Doctor: Hm. Well now, Mr. Jones. There’s nothing much wrong with you. If I were you though, I’d take more exercise, eat less and smoke fewer cigarettes. Better still, stop
smoking completely! That’s my advice to you.
Mr. Jones: But aren’t you going to give me any medicine, doctor?
Doctor: Medicine? You don’t need medicine! Just less food, fewer cigarettes and more exercise.
That’s all you need. And don’t worry about your health so much. If you worry about
your health, you’ll make yourself ill!
Task 2
【答案】
A.
1)b, 2) a, 3) b, 4) a, 5) b
jobs, builders, teachers, salespeople, smaller cities, crime, traffic jam, pollution, a warmer climate, the cold, the sun
【原文】
Every ten years the United States conducts a census of the population. A census is a count of the people who live in a city or country. Every family receives a form with questions about family size, income, jobs, etc. They answer questions such as: How many people are there in your family? Do you live in a house or in an apartment? How long have you been living there? Where did you live before this? Where do you work? How much money do you make? The government uses all this information to get a better picture of its citizens.
The last census was in 1980. The population of the United States is now 226,500,000, up by 23 million people from 1970. In 1970, the population was 203,000,000.
The census shows that some areas of the United States are declining in population while other areas are growing. In the past, more people lived in the Northeast and North Central areas. But this is changing. Now, more people live in the South than in any other area. People are moving from the North to the South and the West. The population of northern cities is down from 1970. For example, the population of New York City is down 11 percent, the population of Chicago is down 12 percent. In Pennsylvania, the population of Philadelphia is down 14 percent and the population of Pittsburgh is down 18 percent. Washington D.C. has almost 16 percent less people. At the same time that northern cities are declining, southern and western cities are growing. The population of San Jose is up 24 percent. Phoenix is up 33 percent. In Texas, Houston is up 26 percent and El Paso is up 31 percent. In Florida, the population of Ft Lauderdale is up 10 percent. The population of Virginia Beach is up 52 percent.
Why are people leaving the North? Why are they moving to the South and West? The main reason is jobs. Because the South and West are growing, there’s a need for more builders, teachers, salespeople, etc. Another reason is today more and more people are choosing smaller cities. They’re tired of crime, traffic jams, and pollution. Finally, people say they are looking for a warmer climate. They are moving away from the cold, toward the sun.
Task 3
【答案】
1) F, 2) T, 3) F, 4) T, 5) F
【原文】
Tim and Tina spent two weeks at Grimm’s farm. Later they spoke to a reporter about their time at the farm.
Reporter: Well, Tim. You’ve tried to live like an Iron Age man. Did you learn much about Iron Age life?
Tim: Oh, yes. I learned a lot! I learned that it was a hard life in those days. We had to work really hard. We got very tired. Those Iron Age people were really strong.
Reporter: But they didn’t have to use their brains very much, did they? I mean, people weren’t very clever in those days, were they?
Tim: Oh, yes they were! That’s the most important thing that we learned. People in those days didn’t go to school, and they couldn’t read or write, but they weren’t stupid. They
learned from one another. They knew a lot about plants and animals. They could do a lot
of things that we can’t do very well. They could build houses. They could make tools
and pots, and they could make fire, too — without matches, I mean. When we tried to
do things like that we weren’t very successful at all. We felt very stupid!
Reporter: What about you, Tina? What did you think of Iron Age life? What was it like? Did you enjoy it?
Tina: Well, yes and no. In some ways it was fun. But in some ways it was very difficult, and rather boring. The best thing was that I made some very good friends. Everyone in our
group was very friendly. We felt very close to each other. We shared everything — food,
work, ideas. But life isn’t easy with no gas or electricity, no machin es —and no
bathrooms, either. I was glad to get back to civilization!
Task 4
【答案】
1)They used to build camps in the forest or on open ground.
2)They were made of branches and leaves or grass.
3)Because they wanted to find more food.
4)Life is a lot easier. There are fewer dangers, but there is less excitement.
5)Because they try to get back to nature.
【原文】
Human beings have lived on this earth for at least two million years. For most of that time people did not live in towns. Sometimes they used to camp in caves. Sometimes they used to build camps in the forest or on open ground. These camps were just groups of simple houses that were made of branches and leaves or grass.
Only about thirty people lived in each camp. The men used to go hunting while the women and children collected food from the trees and other plants around the camp. All the food was shared between everyone in the group. Every a few weeks they moved to another place in order to find more food there. It was a simple life, but people had to be clever. They had to make everything that they needed, and they had to know a lot about plants and animals. Man’s body and brain were formed by this kind of life.
Nowadays a lot of people live in big towns and cities, and they work in offices and factories. Life is a lot easier than it was in the old days. There are fewer dangers, but there is less excitement. Most people do not have to hunt for food, but they have to stay in one place for most of their lives. They get some excitement from sport and films, but many of them feel that modern civilization is too unnatural. A few of them go looking for adventure —sailing round the world, climbing mountains, or exploring caves. Most people look forward to the holidays, because then they can enjoy a change. A lot of them go camping in the country, or by the sea. They try to get back to nature. They try to live as people did thousands of years ago. But they also take a lot of modern luxuries with them. Camping today is very different from camping in the old days.
Task 5
【答案】
l) Because windsurfing is more exhilarating than swimming, and you can get away from it all/you can be alone with nature.
2) He’s an opera singer.
3) They are rather amused.
4) Social tennis.
5) Line decisions and the score.
6) Because she is now engaged in politics.
7) Because when you are playing it, you can’t think of anything else/your are totally absorbed in the game; and you feel very happy when you do a really good shot.
8) The muffed shot at the net.
【原文】
A
I think windsurfing is better than swimming. More exhilarating. You can really get away from it all. I love being alone with nature, and when you’re out there on the water you can come around a headland and suddenly find that you’re completely alone. Just me and the sea and the mind in my hair. Once, when I was working in San Diego, I suddenly felt I’d had enough of opera — studying the role and the stuffiness of the rehearsal rooms — and found going out windsurfing a tremendous escape.
I think most of my singer colleagues are rather amused by the idea of me windsurfing. However, these days, at least 50 percent of singers keep physically fit in some way — playing golf, or working out in gyms. A few years ago they tended to be a lot fatter, but now they are conscious of the need to keep fit.
B
Social tennis is what I like best. Playing doubles with about eight regular friends for fun. It’s generally a noisy, boisterous kind of game, with constant shouts of frustration.
We have long, loud arguments about line decisions, followed up by long arguments about the score. We’re all pretty aggressive, and I think I make it worse, actually. I have noticed that since I entered politics my game has got a lot more aggressive, and I am very argumentative about the score.
The wonderful thing about tennis is that when you are playing it, you can’t think of anything else. Your mind is totally absorbed in the game. And when you do that really good shot the elation is incredible. On the other hand, however, there is probably no frustration greater than the muffed shot at the net.
Task 6
【答案】
A.
1) F, 2) F, 3) F, 4) T, 5) T
B.
take diet, developed, food, hamburgers, overproduction, wax-like, livers, survival, narrower, blood supply, heart attack, stroke, animal fats, fresh fruit, vegetables, potatoes
begin slowly, squash, injuries, rhythmic, gentle, brisk walking, fifteen minutes, three times
【原文】
Dr. Martin Answay writes a column in a popular women’s magazine on health problems. He is also an expert on heart disease.
Q: Is there a secret to good health? I mean, is there some way we can achieve it which is not generally known?
A: It certainly isn’t a secret. However, there is a great deal of ignorance, even among supposedly educated people, about how to be reasonably healthy.
Q: Well, what advice do you give, then?
A: Uh... to begin with, take diet. I believe that one of the greatest dangers to health in Britain and other countries, particularly developed countries, is the kind of food we tend to prefer.
Q: Such as?
A: Such as that great national institution, the British breakfast, for example. Ham and eggs. Or the kind of lunch so many people in this country have: sausage and chips! Or all the convenience foods like hamburgers. Or even things we regard as “healthy”, such as full-fat milk. Or Cheddar cheese. The list is endless.
Q: What’s wrong with those things?
A: The excessive consumption of such things leads to the overproduction of cholesterol, which in turn results in heart atta...
Q: Excuse me, but what exactly is cholesterol?
A: It’s a... wax-like substance...yellowish... and it’s produced naturally in our livers. We all need some cholesterol for survival.
Q: Well, if we need it, in what way is it bad for us?
A: Too much of it is bad for us. It builds up in our arteries, causing them to get narrower, so that our blood supply has difficulty in getting through, and this, of course, can eventually end in a heart attack or stroke. The point I’m trying to make here is that, even though we all need some cholesterol in order to insulate our nerves, and to produce cell membranes and hormones, the things many of us eat and even consider healthy lead to the overproduction of cholesterol. And this is very dangerous.
Q: How can we avoid this overproduction of cholesterol?
A: By cutting down our consumption of animal fats: things like red meat, cheese, eggs, and so on. And by increasing our consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables, and also by eating more potatoes, rice, pasta and bread.
Q: Pasta? Potatoes? But... aren’t such things fattening?
A: Nonsense. It isn’t pasta, potatoes or bread that makes us fat. It’s what we put on such things! Cheese, butter, meat!
Q: So anything we like, anything that’s delicious, is bad for us. Isn’t that what you’re saying?
A: Rubbish! I’m simply saying we eat too much of these thi ngs. And there are many ways of preparing delicious food without using such large quantities of animal fats.
Q: Last of all, what about exercise? You recently warned against certain forms of exercise, which you said could be dangerous.
A: What I said was that if people aren’t used to getting regular and vigorous exercise, they should begin slowly, and not try to do too much at the beginning! I also said that certain games, such as squash, can be dangerous, particularly if you aren’t used to playing them. A number of injuries are due to sudden, twisting movements that games like squash involve.
Q: What kinds of exercise do you recommend, then?
A: Gentle jogging, swimming, cycling, brisk walking — exercise that is rhythmic and gentle, and above all, sustained. That is, done for at least fifteen minutes uninterruptedly at least three times a week. We all need such exercise, and the fact is that far too few of us get enough of it, particularly if we live in large cities and regularly use cars.
Task 7
【答案】
A.
1) To be awakened at an unearthly hour from a deep sleep and suddenly on his way to a serious accident.
2) The journey.
3) People often swear at her.
4) A lot of patients expect it to be painful and so a lot of patients are very nervous when they come in.
5) Living in a hotel.
6) He’s doing the same thing over and over and over.
B.
1) have an appointment, rush-hour traffic, hold-ups
2) mistreating them personally, hand money out, feel sorry for
3) careful, cheerful, talk back
4) run a successful company
5) physically hard, boredom, exhausted
【原文】
When the telephone rings at three o’clock in the morning I can be awakened from a deep sleep, and then suddenly on my way down the road to a very serious accident. And that really is the most stressful thing of all in this job.
The worst part of my job in my opinion is the journey. The driving is quite a stressful problem with the motorways and all the traffic. If I have an appointment for say, ten o’clock in the morning, and I leave early, I get into the rush-hour traffic and there are probably hold-ups on the motorways and by the time eleven o’clock comes I might still be fifty miles away.
We’re only doing our jobs. They accuse us of mistreating them personally, but we can’t just hand money out, just because we feel sorry for the person. I had a man who rang up and was very abusive to me. He said I didn’t care if his family starved. He swore at me. People often swear at me and it’s very bad sometimes.
I think a lot of patients expect it to be painful and so a lot of patients are very nervous when they come in. And that puts a lot more stress on us. We have to be careful and cheerful, and then people don’t like it when we talk to them because they can’t talk back!
And of course, you’re living in a hotel, which is a lonely sor t of existence, sometimes for a whole week. Or, if it’s not in one place, you’re travelling, staying in hotels. You’re flying to Amsterdam, you’re flying to France. But it’s all part of what has to be done to run a successful company.
You know, you put ev erything into it but it’s so boring, it’s the same thing over and over and over. And you might not be working physically hard, but by the end of the day, because of the boredom, you’re totally exhausted.
Task 8
【答案】
A.
1) F, 2) T, 3) T, 4) F, 5) F, 6) F, 7) T
【原文】
Sue: ... and if we hear any further news we’ll let you know right away. Well, now it’s time for our regular look at thi s evening’s viewing and here’s Patrick Lloyd, television critic of the Daily Mail. Hello, Patrick.
Patrick: Hello, Sue.
Sue: Patrick, what’s worth watching this evening?
Patrick: Well, Sue, it’s a very good night on all four channels and I think my firs t recommendation would be the documentary on ITV at 8:30. It’s an amazing film about the history and growth of the British Secret Service, MI5. Now it’s the first time many of the facts have been made public and it’s about the growth of what was originally called Military Intelligence Department 5 into the UK equivalent of the CIA or KGB.
Sue: Mmm, sounds well worth ... watching.
Patrick: Now, after that and still on ITV at 9:30 there’s another documentary. In “World in Action”
there’s an inv estigation of multinational industries and this one concentrates on the food and drink industries. I wonder, Sue, did you know for example the Heinz Foods are the
owners of Weightwatchers International?
Sue: No, really?
Patrick: Over on Channel 4 at 7:00 “Watch Your Step”. Two teams of university teachers and students have to survive for 24 hours in the North of Scotland and they’ve got to solve various problems to reach their goal. They don’t get any help and they have to do things like find clues, solve puzzles, work out how to cross rivers, how to climb cliffs, make a fire, cook food. Sounds a bit daft but it really is an exciting programme that makes you, the viewer, think too. Well worth seeing.
Sue: Ha ha, rather them than me! Now, anything for sports fans?
Patrick: Yes, football on BBC 1 at 7:50 —that’s live coverage of England Vs Brazil and tennis on BBC 2 at 10 with the best of today’s play from Wi mbledon.
Sue: And what about films?
Patrick: Ah, lots of good films on tonight, Sue. My pick of the bunch would be High Plains Drifter starring Clint Eastwood. It’s not just another one of those violent westerns and ...
um ... in fact it’s a really remarkable film. A kind of allegory of the battle between good and evil. The photography i s superb and although the film wasn’t really appreciated when it was first released in 1972, it’s well worth seeing on the small screen. And this is on ITV at 10:30.
Sue: All right. Thanks very much, Patrick.
Patrick: Now, hold on, just one more thing I ou ght to mention and that’s the television production of Shakespeare’s Hamlet on Channel 4 at 9. It’s got a cast of little-known actors and it’s got subtitles.
Sue: Subtitles?
Patrick: Yes, that’s right. Channel 4 ha s taken the bold step of putting subtitles on the screen in modern English. It may sound strange, even ... even perhaps distracting, but believe me, it works remarkably well. After all, the English language has changed quite a bit in the last 400 years.
Sue: All right, thanks very much, Patrick.
Patrick: Not at all.
Sue: That sounds as though it’s worth staying in for tonight. And now let’s hear from Ian Duncan at the sports desk...
Task 9
【答案】
Ⅰ.
1. 30
2. drug/chemical/chemical substance, nerves
II.
1. southern Ethiopia
2. goat herder/goat farmer
3. 850
4. stimulating
III.
1. province/place
2. dried, stored, crushed
IV.
1. Arab countries, Europe
2. 1700s, 1800s
【原文】
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages throughout the world today. In fact, according to some estimates, over 30 percent of all adults in the world drink coffee at least once a day on the average.
Coffee contains a kind of drug called caffeine. Caffeine is a chemical or a chemical substance that stimulates the nerves of the body. Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake or alert —at least for a short time —because of this stimulating effect on the nervous system. A cup of coffee has, on the average, about 3 percent caffeine in it.
One story of the discovery of the coffee plant relates to this effect of caffeine. According to the story, coffee was discovered in southern Ethiopia —in East Africa —in a province called Kaffa. The story says that coffee was first found by a goat farmer, or rather a goat-herder named Kaldi. This was about the year 850, according to the story.
Kaldi, the goat herder, was leading his animals through the mountains and the goats were stopping constantly to eat the plants near the path. Suddenly, according to Kaldi’s story, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way.
Kaldi figured out that the goats were acting this way because of the plants they were eating. Kaldi himself tried eating some of the green beans that the goats had been eating. He, too, felt the stimulating effect of the beans.
Kaldi wanted to prove what had happened, so he picked some of the beans and took them back to his home village, where he told his story.
The green bean got the name “Kaffa” and later “coffee” because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Ethiopia.
Then, for years, people used to eat a few of the green Kaffa beans when they were in the mountains and needed extra energy or stimulation. It was later found that the coffee beans could be picked and then dried until they turned brown, and then they could be stored. If the beans were dried and stored, they could be used at any time.
When the coffee beans were dried, however, they were too hard to eat, as had been done before. Therefore, people began to crush the beans into small pieces — and then boil the pieces in hot water — and make a hot drink.
Gradually, it became common to drink this hot beverage in Ethiopia. Next, the hot coffee drink became popular among Arab travelers who visited Ethiopia. The Arabic word “Kawan”means coffee.
After coffee drinking became common in the Arab countries, its popularity spread to Europe. One again, it was spread by travellers. In the 16th and 17th centuries travellers and traders from Europe began to visit the Arab countries. The Arab merchants and shopkeepers served coffee to the Europeans. Apparently, the Europeans liked coffee and as travel increased, the amount of coffee drunk in Europe increased.
Gradually, the European traders and explorers introduced coffee drinking to the people in north America and Asia. Coffee drinking increased rapidly in the late 1700s and 1800s. Today it remains a popular hot drink in many places.
Task 10
【答案】
The Extended Family
In the Far, Middle and Near East and in parts of Africa, South America and Europe, the first thing most Western people notice is the respect everyone has for the old.Older men and women live with their married children and are important members of the family. They look after the children, help with the cooking, give advice and often rule family life. Living in an extended family has advantages for everyone. A small child, for example, knows many people from the very beginning, not just his mother and father.
For a young mother and father there are also advantages. They can go out to work and grandmother will look after the house and children. This is especially important in farming communities, where both men and women work in the fields.
And the older woman, for example, has something important to do. She sees her children and grandchildren grow up. She is needed and loved.
《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及答案U n i t1U n i t1 Task 1 【答案】 A. 1) She wanted to see St. Paul’s Cathedral. 2) She was so surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who looked alike. 3) They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats, carrying umbrellas and newspapers. 4) Because she had often read about them and seen photographs of them, who all looked as if they were wearing a uniform. 5) No, he didn’t. 6) He used the English saying “It takes all kinds to make a world”to prove his opinion. B. If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea it would be! And if all the trees were one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, what a great splash there would be!
Yesterday morning Gretel went to the City of London. She wanted to see St. Paul's Cathedral. She was surprised to see so many Englishmen who looked alike. They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats. They were all carrying umbrellas and newspapers. When she returned home she asked Mr clark about these strange creatures. "They must be typical English gentlemen," she said." I have often read about them and seen photographs of them. They all look as if they are wearing a uniform. Does the typical English gentleman still exist?" Mr. Clark laughed. "I've never thought about it," he answered." It's true that many of the men who work in the City of London still wear bowler hate and I suppose they are typical Englishmen. But look at this." Mr. Clark picked up a magazine and pointed at a photo of a young man. "He's just as typical, perhaps. It seems as if there is no such thing as a 'typical' Englishman. Do you know the English saying 'It takes all kinds to make a world'? That's true of all countries-including England." “Oh, just like the poem ‘If All the Seas Were One Sea’,”Gretel began to hum happily. If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea that would be! If all the trees were one tree, what a great tree that would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, w hat a great splash that would be!” Task 2
Unit 1 Task 1 【答案】 A. 1) She wanted to see St. Paul’s Cathedral. 2) She was so surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who looked alike. 3) They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats, carrying umbrellas and newspapers. 4) Because she had often read about them and seen photographs of them, who all looked as if they were wearing a uniform. 5) No, he didn’t. 6) He used the English saying “It takes all kinds to make a world” to prove his opinion. B. If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea it would be! And if all the trees were one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, what a great splash there would be! 【原文】 Yesterday morning Gretel went to the City of
大学英语听力教学心得 庞静 相对于其他正规院校的本科生来说，高职生的英语基础较差，平均水平不高。从英语听力课的教学来看，其不足主要表现为词汇量少，语音语感较差，知识面窄，独立进行分析判断能力不足，从而反应较慢。除此之外，高职生在英语听力学习方面的不足还表现为缺乏良好的英语听力的自我控制能力和逻辑思维能力，缺乏良好的听力习惯，缺乏应有的自学能力，这一切都无形中构成了高职生英语听力学习的障碍。在我上的大学英语听力的部分系部表现的特别明显。教材是教学的依据，教材的选用和利用对于教学来讲意义重大。虽说我们学校的大学英语听力选用了不同的教材——外语系选用的大学英语听力；人文系选用的英语教程；音乐美术系选用的实用英语。但由于系部不同班级的学生水平也参差不齐，所以因材施教显得尤为重要。 外语系学生相对英语成绩相对较好，大部分学生的学习积极性都比较高。处在这个竞争愈来愈激烈的社会中，他们强烈地感受到自身的不足，从而有着很高的学习积极性。但同时也有相当一部分同学由于种种原因或自卑不前，或自满松懈，或心不在焉，学习态度和学习成绩均和前者有着很大差距，形成两极分化。外语系选用的教材中每个单元由三部分组成：第一部分通常是语音练习，它对于纠正学生的发音很有帮助。教师在完成这一部分的听力练习之后可以接着让学生跟读，模仿，从单词到长句，循序渐进。同时讲解相应的发音规则。第二部分通常是对话和短文。由于部分学生基础较差，如果按照机械的程序从讲解词汇，介绍背景，播放录音直至完成练习，他们会感到十分吃力。于是我一般在讲完词汇和介绍完背景之后，先把所要播放的录音内容概述一下，当然语速要慢。这样可以给学生留下一定的适应时间，帮助他们理解接下来的内容。第三部分是口头练习，这一部分往往会被忽略，我认为这是十分可惜的。不妨让学生根据所听的内容编排对话，复述大意或进行主题讨论，将听与说结合，把听到的内容用自己的语言表达出来。语言是交流的工具，而交流则包涵了由听到说的过程。听是说的基础，听最终要服务于说。 人文系现在的英语教程听力没个单元有不同的话题，围绕这个话题从report 来引出话题，这部分比较简单。然后10个段对话，1个长对话，1个短文听力。这部分听完，再简单讲解一下基本上要花一节课的时间。对于学生的认知，45分钟都在不停的听，做题目无疑会走神，事倍功半，往往是开始20分钟效率特别高，然后就思想松散了听的有一句没一句的。休息5分钟后按照课本内容是听电影片段做填词。这部分联系简单但由于是原声电影说话的语速很快而且连读，省略都很多，加之听力疲劳。所以效果也不佳。我觉得还是听与说要结合交替进
David Copperfield is coming. 1. A) A man who has seen through David Copperfield's tricks. B) A woman who has seen through David Copperfield's tricks. C) The magic of David Copperfield. D) Children's interest in David Copperfield's tricks. 2. A) Making a person float in the air. B) Putting on a straitjacket. C) Escaping from handcuffs. D) Pulling a rabbit from a hat. 3. A) He walked through it. B) He jumped off it. C) He flew over it. D) He climbed up it.
4. A) He was seen to enter a canvas shelter. B) A camera filmed the event in its entirety. C) He was linked to a heart monitor. D) All of the above 5. A) Play tricks himself. B) Buy an ice cream cone. C) Buy a ticket for the magic show. D) Watch how the woman performs tricks.
Unit 4 Task 1 【答案】 A. 1) They are farms that grow vegetables for city people to eat fresh. 2) It’s a farm that grow plants and flowers to sell. 3) They protect the plants from the cold in the winter but let them get plenty of light, so the plants can be grown all through the year. B. 1) canned, frozen 2) flowers, garden plants, home gardens, yards, window boxes 3) buildings, furniture, firewood 【原文】 Grain, vegetables and fruits are found on most farms. All of them are food for animals and people. Grain can be fed to animals just as it is harvested. But before people use them grains are usually made into flour or breakfast cereal. Bread, macaroni（通心粉）, and cereals（麦片）all come from grain. Tomatoes, beans, potatoes, beets（甜菜）, lettuce（生菜）, carrots and onions are field and garden vegetables. Can you think of any others Vegetables are good for people and for some animals such as pigs and rabbits. Farms that grow vegetables for city people to eat fresh are called truck farms. Truck farms are usually close to big cities. Each day hundreds of loads of fresh vegetables are brought to stores on the farmers' trucks. Without the truck farmers people in cities would not eat well. And without city people who eat fresh vegetables, the truck farmers would have no work. There are many kinds of fruit. Apples, pears, peaches, cherries, oranges, grapefruit, and berries are a few kinds. You will be able to think of other kinds that you like. Most fruit is grown on specialized farms. But many general farms have some fruit to use and sell also. Like vegetables, fruit is sold fresh in markets. But a large part of both fruit and vegetable crops is sent to factories to be canned or frozen. In warm parts of our country farmers grow cotton, rice, tobacco, sugar cane（甘蔗）, and peanuts. Specialized farms raise flowers and garden plants. They are sold to florists（花商）and to families for home gardens, or yards, or window boxes. A farm that grow plants and flowers to sell is called a nursery（苗圃）. Most nurseries have glass buildings, called hothouses or greenhouses. The hothouses are heated to protect the plants from cold in the winter but let them get plenty of light, so they can be grown all through the year. Some farms grow only trees. Some of these are Christmas tree farms. Others are large forests where trees are grown for their wood. The wood is used for buildings, furniture and firewood. Some tree farms grow only nut trees. Task 2 【答案】
《现代大学英语》 听力2课程教案 授课时间：2014-2015第二学期 授课班级：英1243 授课人：何林
Unit 1 教案 【Task 1】 Warm up Exercises: A. 1) She wanted to see St. Paul’s Cathedral. 2) She was so surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who looked alike. 3) They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats, carrying umbrellas and newspapers. 4) Because she had often read about them and seen photographs of them, who all looked as if they were wearing a uniform. 5) No, he didn’t. 6) He used the English saying “It takes all kinds to make a world” to prove his opinion. B. If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea it would be! And if all the trees were one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, what a great splash there would be! 【Teaching materials】 Yesterday morning Gretel went to the City of London. She wanted to see St. Paul's Cathedral. She was surprised to see so many Englishmen who looked alike. They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats. They were all carrying umbrellas and newspapers. When she returned home she asked Mr clark about these strange creatures. "They must be typical English gentlemen," she said." I have often read about them and seen photographs of them. They all look as if they are wearing a uniform. Does the typical English gentleman still exist?" Mr. Clark laughed. "I've never thought about it," he answered." It's true that many of the men who work in the City of London still wear bowler hate and I suppose they are typical Englishmen. But look at this." Mr. Clark picked up a magazine and pointed at a photo of a young man. "He's just as typical, perhaps. It seems as if there is no such thing as a 'typical' Englishman. Do you know the English saying 'It takes all kinds to make a world'? That's true of all countries-including England." “Oh, just like the poem ‘If All the Seas Were One Sea’,”Gretel began to hum happily. If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea that would be! If all the trees were one tree, what a great tree that would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, what a great splash that would be!” Task 2 【Teaching materials】 A. 1) people were much busier 2) colder than England; minus thirty degrees; last longer 3) much more mountainous; much higher and much more rocky; more beautiful 4) tend to be more crowded 5) the houses; smaller
Unit 9 Task 1 【原文】 pere: And now for our first question. It es from Mrs. June Moore. Mrs. Moore? Mrs. Moore: Does the panel think that puters will change our lives? pere: Mrs. Moore wants to know if puters will change our lives. Philip Barnes? Philip Barnes: puters have already changed our lives. Business is more efficient. Planes and trains provide a better service... Miss Anderson: Just a moment, Mr. Barnes. You may be right about business, but how many people have lost their jobs because of puters? puters have changed our lives, but I don't want my life changed. Arthur Haines: Excuse me, Miss Anderson. We're talking about our lives, not your life. The puter will affect everyone in the world. Records can be kept of everything we do. Records will be kept of all our private lives. In my opinion, the puter is the greatest disaster of the 20th century. Phyllis Archer: Could I interrupt? Arthur Haines says the puter is a disaster, but the puter is a machine. It was invented by people; it is used by people. If the puter is a disaster, then people are a disaster. pere: Thank you, Phyllis Archer. Thank you, panel. And thank you, Mrs. Moore. Task 2 【答案】 A.
Task 1 1) Man: I had the girls running in circles when I was in college、 Woman: I never knew you were the campus hero、 Man: I wasn't、I was the women's track coach、 2) Instructor: Mr、Jenkins, why are you late? Student: I guess because the class started before I got here、 3) Woman: Doctor, you have to e immediately—my baby swallowed some camera film! Doctor: Just calm yourself, nothing will develop、 4) Customer: Waiter, this water is cloudy、 Waiter: The water's okay, madam、It's just that the glass is a little dirty、 5) Woman: The bride wears white on her wedding day as a symbol of happiness, for this is the most joyous day in her entire life、 Man: Why does the groom wear black? Task 2 Catherine: I think firstly I find the French language, very melodic to listen to、It's very easy on the ear, and it almost sounds poetic、No matter what kind of mood the individual is in, who's talking, or what they're talking about, there seems to be a rhythm to the language、And it's rounded; there are no sharp, jagged edges to the language, so it's very pleasing to the ear、 Chris: I think the accent I really like is the Dane speaking English、They sound awful when they speak Danish, but when they speak English there's a beautiful, low, sensitive, very soft quality about it、 Donald: I like the way they bring their French pronunciation into English、They can't pronounce "h"s and they can't pronounce "th" properly、And I think that actually sounds very nice、Also I like the rhythm they bring French rhythms into English—nice, steady rhythms and I like that too、It's just it, it、、、whenever I hear a French person speaking English it sounds more gentle and more lyrical、 Lesley: I think the most attractive foreign accents for me are Mediterranean accents because they, if you like, import their own culture into the English accent and give it a lot of life that sometimes, that kind of—the gestures and everything that the English people don't have, so you get a beautiful mixture of the serious Northern European and the Southern European together、Susan: I like the Swedish accent because it, it makes me smile and the way it's spoken is so sing-songy that you can't help but smile when other people actually speak it、And it always makes you want to try and put the accent on yourself、 Task 3 The spelling and meaning of words are very interesting、But what's more interesting is the history of a word, or where it came from、Let's examine some of the words and see how they got into our language、 LUNCH Lunch perhaps es from an old Spanish word lonje, a slab of ham、We may also get our word from a form of lump, maybe a lump of bread, but whether lunch es from ham or bread, it meant a hunk of something to eat、 ATLAS An atlas is a strong man, and also a book of maps、The story of this word begins a long time ago in Greece、The ancient Greeks believed that their gods had once been a race of giants called Titans、The Titans fought with another group of gods called Olympians, and the Olympians won、Atlas was a Titan、He was punished for fighting by having to stand at the
大学英语听力教学模式 [摘要]本文针对目前大学英语教学改革中对学习者听力要求的不断提高与有限的听力教学之间的矛盾,利用在新生当中进行的有关听力方面的调查结果,归纳并分析讨论了EFL学习者在听力方面存在的问题, 指出EFL学习者在提高听力理解方面存在着诸多需要教师帮助解决的问题,并对大学英语听力教学模式提出了一些建议。 [关键词] 听力障碍;教学模式;听力技能 一、引言 听力理解一直是中国英语学习者在英语学习方面比较头痛的一个问题。随着大学英语教学改革的不断深入,听力理解题目在大学英语测试中所占的比例已达到35%。然而学生的听力课时仍然极其有限,通常平均每周为1-2节。无疑,教师面临着如何在有限的课时内进行有效的听力教学的严峻挑战。传统的听力教学模式中,教师很少去教学生怎样听,而更多的只是将大量的视听材料“灌”给学生,认为学生在接触过大量的听力内容之后便会自然而然地获得听力方面的技能,无需向学生讲授如何去听。教学中,多数教师遵循着同一种固定的模式——打开课本,讲解生词,播放磁带或光盘,提问/回答问题,给出答案。长此以往,学生会发现这种教学模式远远没有解决自己听力上的问题,进而对这种单调的教学模式失去兴趣,而学习者学习兴趣的丧失便成为了英语听力学习中最大的障碍。因此,作为教师很有必要在如何讲授听力课程方面寻找新的思路。 二、英语学习者的听力障碍 在学生中多次进行的问卷调查结果显示,听力理解成为学习者的头痛问题主要源于以下几个方面的障碍: 1. 听力理解过程的认识 对于听力理解过程的认识多数学习者只停留在“听一段材料,然后能够知道材料里说的是什么,并能回答设置的相关题目”这一层面上,对于听力理解到底是一种什么样的过程其实并不清楚。Howatt and Dakin 指出听力理解要求听者能够在接受说话者的语音、理解其语言中的词汇、语法的基础上判断和领会其所说的内容。要实现这一过程,听者需要具备一系列的听力技能,即我们通常所说的微技能。听力微技能包括: (1)预想说话者会说什么;
Unit 6 Task 1 【答案】 A. In the five short advertisements, sofa beds, a women’s magazine, a car buyer’s magazine, a kind of soap and a radio programme on music are advertised. B. 1) a) 2) c) 3) b) 4) d) 5) c) C. 1) T 2) F 3) F 【原文】 1) At Simply Sofabeds at Notting Hill Gate we're lowering our prices—for Christmas. Masses of sofa beds for immediate delivery. We're open six days a week, with viewing on Sunday. So celebrate Christmas early this year with a Simply Sofabeds sofa bed at a price that's right. Simply Sofabeds! 2) Could there really be a woman's magazine that's different? Yes. It's called Prima. It's packed with news, opinion, fashion and once again there's a free giant pull-out section with clothes to make, crafts to create, beautiful sweaters to knit. Get your second, value-packed issue of Prima! 3) Car Buyer magazine. Every Thursday. It gives you a choice of more new and used cars than all of your local papers put together—and for less. Car Buyer for car buyers. At your newsagent's now. 4) Girls! Sensitive skin really does need more sensitive care. And I take special care of my sensitive skin with Cuticura soap. Because Cuticura soap contains a medicated ingredient which cleans your skin without leaving it dry or tight. Cuticura medicated soap. From chemists everywhere. 5) Hello. This is Bob Harris inviting you to join me this Friday and every Friday evening for the LBC "Pop Review". I play the best of the recent releases, review the British and the American charts, play classic music by the big stars and new tracks by the names of tomorrow. So it's a real mix of different styles and I'm sure you'll love the music. I'd certainly love to have your company. This Friday evening at half past nine. Right here on LBC. Task 2 【答案】 A.
Unit 7 Task 1 WA: I can't stand places like Beidaihe. M: No, nor can I. WA: Y ou know, where you have to share the beach with thousands of other people who are all tourists. WB: Oh, I don't mind that. M: Oh, I do. I never go to places like that. I like to get right away from all the tourists, go somewhere that's really peaceful, like an island or something, WA: Y es, so do I. WB: What's wrong with so many people? I like meeting people when I'm on holiday. I like places with a good night life, and plenty of men around, and ...well, you know, where you can have a good time... Landowner landlady renter lodger Task 2 Hello. Is that Oxford 40414? Y es, it is. Erm...I'm asking about the flat which was advertised in the local paper. Oh yes? Wonder if you could tell me how much the rent is per month, please?
Quiz 2 I. Listen and choose the best answer to each question you hear. 1. A. More than 30 years. C. Less than 13 years. B. About 30 years. D. Almost 13 years. 2. A. For those who couldn’t return home for the holiday. B. For those who were also from the Midwest. C. For those who had babies and young children. D. For the new friends they made in Virginia. 3. A. Bread. B. A kind of brandy mixture. C. A meal. D. A cooked bread mixture. 4. A. Turkeys infected with bird flu. B. Turkeys imported from Europe. C. All the poultry infected with avian influenza. D. The poultry coming from Asia. 5. A. A city. B. A person. C. A store. D. A parade. II. Listen and fill in the following blanks. (One word for each blank.) 6.Besides turkey, other traditional Thanksgiving foods include ________, a ________ fruit called cranberries and ___________ pie. 7.Now on Thanksgiving Day, people watch several professional and _________ __________ games on ___________ television. The games are regarded as a _________ ____________ of Thanksgiving celebration. 8.Besides, Thanksgiving Day ________ on TV are very welcome to many Americans, which are usually ____________ by big __________ in several cities. III. Listen and choose the best answer to each question you hear. Question 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 9. A. She had a job interview to attend. B. She was busy finishing her project. C. She had to attend an important meeting. D. She was in the middle of writing an essay. 10. A. Accompany her roommate to the classroom. B. Hand in her roommate’s application form. C. Submit her roommate’s assignment. D. Help her roommate with her report. 11. A. Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located. B. When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. C. Directions to the classroom building. D. Dr. Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon. Question 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. A. He finds it rather stressful. B. He is thinking of quitting it. C. He can handle it quite well. D. He has to work extra hours. 13. A. The 6:00 one. B. The 6:30 one. C. The 7:00 one. D. The 7:30 one. 14. A. It is an awful waste of time. B. He finds it rather unbearable. C. The time on the train is enjoyable. D. It is something difficult to get used to. 15. A. Reading newspapers. B. Chatting with friends. C. Listening to the daily news. D. Planning the day’s work.