课时10阅读理解体裁
解读(1)—记叙文【体裁解读】
高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就会大大提高。
1．记叙文写作特点
记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓“一篇之妙，在于落句”。
2．记叙文命题特点
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开差距的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
体裁演练(2017·全国新课标Ⅰ)
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife，a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain.However，when it works，it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl (猫头鹰) on the ground.When I arrived，I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick (雏鸟) and it seemed fine.If I could locate the nest，I might have been able to put it back，but no luck.My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents，but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults；
they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
1．What is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to paragraph 1?
A．Efforts made in vain.
B．Getting injured in his work.
C．Feeling uncertain about his future.
D．Creatures forced out of their homes.
2．Why was the author called to Muttontown?
A．To rescue a woman.
B．To take care of a woman.
C．To look at a baby owl.
D．To cure a young owl.
3．What made the chick calm down?
A．A new nest. B．Some food.
C．A recording. D．Its parents.
4．How would the author feel about the outcome of theevent?
A．It's unexpected. B．It's beautiful.
C．It's humorous. D．It's discouraging.
【能力提升】
A
Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camel's hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱)．His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
The_cat's_lot_was_about_to_improve.That year，one of Benjamin's cousins，Mr.Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings.When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.
In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old，Mr.Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamin's parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city，Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape(风景)painting.William Williams，a well-known painter，came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little，having been a poor student.But he later said，“Those two books were my companions by day，and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
1．What is the text mainly about?
A．Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.
B．Williams' influence on Benjamin.
C．The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.
D．The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.
2．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?
A．The cat would be closely watched.
B．The cat would get some medical care.
C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly.
D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.
3．What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?
A．He took him to see painting exhibitions.
B．He provided him with painting materials.
C．He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.
D．He taught him how to make engravings.
4．Williams' two books helped Benjamin to ________.
A．master the use of paints
B．appreciate landscape paintings
C．get to know other painters
D．make up his mind to be a painter
B
My elder brother Steve gave me important lessons in values that helped me grow into an adult after our father died when I was six.
For instance, Steve taught me to face the results of my behavior. Once when I returned in tears from a Saturday baseball game, Steve took time to ask me what had happened. When I
explained that my baseball had broken Mrs. Holt's basement window, Steve encouraged me to confess to it. After all, I should have been playing in the park and not in the path between buildings. Although my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs. Holt, I offered to pay for the window if she would return my ball. I also learned from Steve that personal property (财产) is a sacred thing. After I found a shiny silver pen in my fifth-grade classroom, I wanted to keep it, but Steve explained that it might be important to someone else. I returned the pen to my teacher, Mrs. Davids, and she praised me.
Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind. When I was twelve, I killed an old brown sparrow in the yard with a BB gun. Excited with my accuracy, I screamed to Steve to come from the house to take a look. I shall never forget the way he stood for a long moment and stared at the bird on the ground. Then in a dead, quiet voice, he asked, “Did it hurt you first, Mark？” I didn't know what to answer. He continued with his eyes firm，“ The only time you should even think of hurting a living thing is whether it hurts you first. And then you think a long, long time. ”I really felt terrible then, but that moment stands out as the most important lesson my brother taught me.
5．What does the underlined word “confess” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Cover. B．Admit.
C．Deny. D．Agree.
6．How did the author feel when he faced Mrs. Holt?
A．He was unwilling.
B．He felt frightened.
C．He appeared challenging.
D．He was light-hearted.
7．Which was the most important lesson the author learned from his brother?
A．Care for the property of others.
B．The value of honesty.
C．Responsibility for one's actions.
D．Respect for living things.
8．What technique does the author mainly use to organize the text?
A．Time order. B．Cause and effect.
C．Examples. D．Logical reasoning.
C
I first met Paul Newman in 1968，when George Roy Hill，the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid，introduced us in New York City.When the studio didn't want me for the film—it wanted somebody as well known as Paul—he stood up for me.I don't know how many people
would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference，we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.We were respectful of craft (技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each other—but always with an underlying affection.Those were also at the core (核心) of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success，you should put something back—he with his Newman's Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill，and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.Paul and I didn't see each other all that regularly，but sharing that brought us together.We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago.He'd been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was，and we didn't talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didn't need a lot of words.
9．Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?
A．Paul Newman wanted it.
B．The studio powers didn't like his agent.
C．He wasn't famous enough.
D．The director recommended someone else.
10．Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?
A．They were of the same age.
B．They worked in the same theater.
C．They were both good actors.
D．They had similar characteristics.
11．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Their belief.
B．Their care for children.
C．Their success.
D．Their support for each other.
12．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To show his love of films.
B．To remember a friend.
C．To introduce a new movie.
D．To share his acting experience.
D
Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater，employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups.It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater's 75-year history.This time，however，the cleanup was a little different.As one group of workers carried out the rubbish，another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building's end.
The film classic The Last Picture Sho w was the last movie shown in the old theater.Though the movie is 30 years old，most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building.Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate.The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.
Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete.He added that the theater's location (位置) was also a reason.“This used to be the center of town，”he said.“Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”
Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place.However，these plans were abandoned because of financial problems.Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm，which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.
The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time.After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last movie.The theater will be missed.
13．In what way was yesterday's cleanup at the Plaza special?
A．It made room for new equipment.
B．It signaled the closedown of the theater.
C．It was done with the help of the audience.
D．It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.
14．Why was The Last Picture Sho w put on?
A．It was an all-time classic.
B．It was about the history of the town.
C．The audience requested it.
D．The theater owner found it suitable.
15．What will probably happen to the building?
A．It will be repaired.
B．It will be turned into a museum.
C．It will be knocked down.
D．It will be sold to the city government.
16．What can we infer about the audience?
A．They are disappointed with Bradford.
B．They are sad to part with the old theater.
C．They are supportive of the city officials.
D．They are eager to have a shopping center.
E
At least once each winter I manage to get a good flight in the middle of a snowstorm. Last Sunday was that flight. My gliding(滑翔的) partners had looked at the weather reports of showers and decided to stay at home. People say that you shouldn't fly by yourself, but on that day I felt the urge to go flying and so headed for my favorite gliding site.
I had the mountain ridge to myself. After a smooth lift-off, I floated stably in the breeze, feeling at peace with myself and the world. I looked across the valley to Bedford and a moment later saw the town disappear in a band of snow that was moving towards me.
The breeze remained strong enough for flying and I knew that as long as the visibility was good, it was OK for me to stay in the air. The snow moved in and swirled around me. It was a light dry snow. The day was already very quiet but, somehow, the light snow made it even more silent. I felt like a snowflake.
Two bald eagles joined me. They didn't pay me any attention and spent a few minutes flying around the ridge before disappearing. I flew through another band of snow. I had been flying for about 45 minutes when I next looked across the valley. I could see there were more bands of snow to come and the breeze was dying too.
It was time to go home, get in a hot bath and warm up. I couldn't wait to tell my gliding partners that they had missed out on a perfect flight.
17．Why did the author's gliding partners refuse to fly on that day?
A．They preferred to fly alone.
B．The weather did not permit.
C．They did not like winter flights.
D．The equipment was not adequate.
18．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “visibility” in Paragraph 3?
A．Weather. B．Skill.
C．Possibility. D．View.
19．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The bald eagle can cause damage to the author's flight.
B．The author will land and go home after the snow stops.
C．Brand of snow will be a great threat to the author's flight.
D．The author will hesitate to share his experience with his partners.
20．What could be the best title for the article?
A．The First Flight Alone
B．A Narrow-Escape Flight
C．One Never-Again Flight
D．An Impressive Winter Flight
参考答案
第一部分课标词汇·基础语法演练
课时1课标词汇(1)与名词、冠词和主谓一致
【课标词汇演练】
Ⅰ.1. designed; in opposite directions; carried out 2. breakthrough; aim to; with the help of 3.To raise the service standard; appreciate 4.put aside; run into deep debt 5.no matter which; defense/defence; depends/relies on 6.felt guilty of; for fun7.learning by heart8.now that9. play their part /role in; success10. including; add to; having access to
Ⅱ.1. kindergartens 2. inventions 3. patiently 4. Judging 5. confidence 6. compulsory 7.width8. shallow9. celebration10. import
【基础语法演练】
高考经典演练Ⅰ.1.introduction[空格前是冠词，空格后是of所有格，故此处用名词形式。]
2．effects[side effect“副作用”，为可数名词，前面有some修饰，因此用复数形式。] 3．attraction[句意：但是对于旅游者来说，熊猫是最具吸引力的东西。根据its top可知此处应该用名词。]
4．achievement[句意：那么，先处理最重要的任务你将会感受到真正的成就感。根据a real sense of可知后面应该跟名词。]
5．credit[句意：按时缴付电费很重要，因为晚交可能会影响你的信用(credit)。根据affect your可知应该用名词。]
6．identity[句意：当他去执行这项秘密任务的时候，他给自己起了一个新的名字来隐藏他的“身份”。根据hide his可知应该用名词。]
7．safety[句意：为了你自己的安全，请远离老虎笼子。根据your own可知此处用名词。]
Ⅱ.1.a[此处表示“作为一名模特”，表泛指，应用不定冠词a。]
2．a[句意：通过走出去一会儿让你的身体和大脑休息一下。for a while “一会儿”是固定短语。]
3．The; a[句意：这次比赛给获胜者的奖励是在巴黎度假两周。第一个空格表示对比赛获胜者的奖励，是特指，故用the。第二个空格泛指一次为期两周的假期，用不定冠词a。] 4．the[根据最高级most modern可知此处应该填定冠词。]
5．a[此处表示泛指和属性，所以填不定冠词。]
6．a[句意：——为什么你没邀请约翰参加你的生日聚会？——唉，你知道他是一个令人扫兴的人。固定表达a wet blanket令人扫兴的人或物。]
7．a；the[句意：简的奶奶多年来一直想写一本儿童书，但总有这样那样的事情阻碍她不能实现。考查冠词。第一空表泛指，故用不定冠词a；第二空为固定表达get in the way 妨碍，阻碍。]
8．the；a[句意：我刚听说Dora工作的银行被一位蒙面持枪歹徒抢劫了。第一空为特指，表示“Dora工作的那家银行”，第二空为泛指，表示“一位蒙面持枪歹徒”。] 9．The；the[句意：一个人的知识越是渊博，他通常就越谦虚。考查固定句式the more...the more...越……越……。]
10．a[句意：Brian在创作音乐上极有才华，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人才。不定冠词用在人名前，表示“一个像……那样的人”。]
Ⅲ.1.is [根据主语是leaving...表示一件事情，所以填is。]
2．is；takes[考查主谓一致。句意：非常重要的是我们必须铭记成功是由每天点点滴滴的积累，而且要花很多年才能获得。分析句子结构可知宾语从句的主语是success，and 连接两个并列谓语，都用单数形式。]
能力提升演练
Ⅰ.1.regulations https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a16718754.html,plaint 3.ambitious 4.appreciation 5.tendency 6.intelligent 7.embarrassed8.necessarily9.efficiently10.reliable
Ⅱ.1.is 2.was spent 3.have been chosen 4.is 5.has been cheated 6.is noticed
Ⅲ.1.去掉what后的a 2.were→was 3.were→was
4．suggest→suggests 5.are→is 6.the→a7.by后的the去掉8.has→have9.is后的the→a10.class后的has→have
Ⅳ.A.1.a 2.the 3.the 4.the 5.a 6.an7.the8.the9.a10.the
B．1.friendships 2.length 3.expectations 4.friends'
5．personal 6.to deepen/of deepening7.action8.attraction9.selfishness10.attention Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在寒冷的三月的一天，垒球队的姑娘们在训练时发生的惊心动魄的一幕——Paris突发心力衰竭，生死关头，队友Taylor勇敢
地站出来，对她进行心肺复苏，最终使她平安脱险。
1．B[细节理解题。由第三段第二句“Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.”可知，Paris突发心脏病，故选B项。A项“她得了重感冒”，C项“她被球击倒”，均为无中生有；D项“在练习中她剧烈发抖”曲解文意，是对首段中Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little的曲解。]
2．C[推理判断题。由倒数第三段Paris的话可知，这种情况下，多数人都很难存活，她是非常幸运的，是团队救了她，故选C项“她得到了即时的心肺复苏术”。A项“她交了一个可敬的朋友”，B项“她从休克中康复”，D项“她回到了垒球队”，均不是她说自己幸运的最根本原因。]
3．B[推理判断题。由第五段可知，Taylor虽然对自己的技术不太自信，但在没有其他人站出来的情况下，仍然跑向Paris并开始做心肺复苏术，她心里清楚，这是生与死的区别，由此可以推测Taylor是非常勇敢而且冷静的，故选B项。A项“热情且善良的”，C项“善于合作且慷慨的”，D项“有野心且专业的”。]
Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了饮食低脂、低盐的利弊以及对人体健康的影响。
1．as[考查介词。此处指作为抵抗心脏病的一种方法，所以用介词as。]
2．effects[考查名词复数。side effect副作用，由前面的some和下文中的两个例子overweight and heart disease可知名词effect用复数形式effects。]
3．to process[考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。require sth.to do sth.需要某物做某事，此处用了被动语态结构，所以填动词不定式to process作主语补足语。]
4．are removed[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知此处用一般现在时，由于主语fat and salt是复数概念，且与remove是被动关系，所以填一般现在时的被动语态结构are removed。]
5．a[考查固定搭配中的冠词。as a result结果，是固定搭配。]
6．worse[考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用比较级形式。even worse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。]
7．is[考查时态和主谓一致。根据行文的时态可知，此处用一般现在时；句子的主语fast food(快餐)是不可数名词短语，故填be的第三人称单数形式is。]
8．eating[考查非谓语动词之动名词。表示方式的介词by之后接动名词作宾语。] 9．careful[考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。be之后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful。]
10．which[考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处所填词引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，且指代整个主句的内容，故填关系代词which。]
课时2课标词汇(2)与介词(短语)和代词
【课标词汇演练】
Ⅰ.1.fight against; on condition that 2. When interviewed; on display https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a16718754.html,d after; in memory of 4.for lack of; therefore 5.In my opinion 6.operated on7.were estimated to 8.was lost in thought; in detail9.prevent her from10.struggled for a; earning money
Ⅱ.1.assure 2.access 3.contribution 4.withdraw
5．Suppose 6.qualify7.habits8.suitable
【基础语法演练】
高考经典演练Ⅰ.1.in[考查介词。关于某个专业的学位要用介词in。a degree in engineering or architecture工程学或建筑学学位。]
2．from[考查介词。travel to and from work上下班。]
3．of[句意：这本字典过时了：自从它被出版，很多单词被增加到这个语言中。固定表达out of date过时的。]
4．In[句意：这个年轻人是诚实的，有合作精神，当你需要帮助时，他总是在那里。简而言之，他是可靠的。固定表达in short简言之。]
5．in[句意：研究表明我们成长的文化影响我们看周围世界的基本过程。The cultures 后面是定语从句，省略that，定语从句中cultures作宾语，那么还缺少一个介词，和cultures 搭配用介词in。]
6．for[句意：大学开始开设一些新的语言项目，以迎合中国的丝绸之路经济带。固定表达cater for迎合，满足所需。]
7．on[句意：整个团队依靠Cristiano Ronaldo，他很少让他们失望。固定表达count on 依靠，指望。]
8．for[句意：如果没有托马斯·爱迪生的话，我们现在所受益的许多东西是不会出现的。but for如果没有的话。]
9．to[句意：这些解释是对当地记者经常询问的特定问题的回应。固定表达in response to作为对……的回答，作为对……的反应。]
10．in[句意：这个会议室是禁烟区。我想提前警告你，如果你吸烟，你会被罚款的。固定表达in advance预先，提前。]
11．above[句意：去年是有记录以来最热的一年，比全球平均气温高0.68度。above 高于，在……之上，符合句意。]
12．by[句意：这个小学生挎着奶奶的胳膊，扶着她穿过了马路。动词＋sb＋介词＋the ＋人体部位，是惯用法。表示“挎着某人的胳膊”要用介词by。]
13．around[句意：他们认为即将到来的交通发展将会带来很多更好的变化。固定表达around the corner即将来临。]
Ⅱ.1.which[考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处所填词引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，且指代整个主句的内容，故填关系代词which。] 2．it[考查代词。use是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处很明显缺少代词。分析句意可知，此处用it指代上文提到的the railway。]
3．that[句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系与英国的教育体系很不同。这里指代上文的名词education system，故用that，而且后面有介词短语作后置定语。] 4．many[句意：我一直很喜欢你组织的所有的活动并且希望在未来的几年里参加更多的活动。many more更多(修饰可数名词)。这里修饰的是上文的activities。] 5．nobody[句意：会议将在九月举行，但没有人知道确切的日期。根据but表达转折可知没有人知道。]
6．it[句意：当你正在看一个你喜欢的节目时，突然有个人进来，一声不吭地关掉电视，你会怎么想？it作形式宾语，指代if后面的句子。]
7．that[句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。] 8．the other[句意：为了温暖自己，这个水手坐在火前面一只光脚摩擦另外一只脚。因为人有两只脚，一只是one，另外一只是the other。]
9．it[此处it做形式宾语，that引导的从句为真正的宾语。句意：苏珊向我表明她希望自己开始新生活。]
10．it[句意：如果你能提前让我知道你会不会来，我将不胜感激。it在此做形式宾语，代替其后的宾语从句。]
11．neither[句意：她曾经在伦敦和曼彻斯特居住过，但是这两个地方她都不喜欢，于是搬到了剑桥。前面提到了两个地方，否定两者用neither。]
12．It[句意：——门口那人是谁？——是送奶工。It在本句中用来明确身份。]
能力提升演练
Ⅰ.1.solution 2.desperately 3.manners 4.qualified
5．satisfaction 6.failure7.loneliness8.contributions
Ⅱ.1.at[句意：很多在线的课程让学生按照自己的节奏学习。at介词短语可表示以某种价格、速度等，at pace这里意思是按照，以某步伐，节奏。]
2．against[句意：石油区的一个井仍在燃烧，在夜空的映衬下火苗疯狂扭曲。against the night sky在夜空的映衬下。]
3．against[句意：不要把你的自行车倚着窗子，玻璃可能很容易被弄坏。put...against
把……靠在……上。]
4．behind[句意：他拿走了我的钥匙，说他不会让我坐在车轮子的后面，尽管我甚至不能直接行走。behind在……的后面。]
5．between[句意：那栋高楼里的电梯坏了，困在楼层中间。电梯里的人们无法出来，都陷入一片恐慌。between 在……中间(两者之间)。]
6．to[句意：令我们高兴的是，孩子们很快就使自己适应了这种状况。adjust oneself to 适应。]
7．off[句意：威尔宾馆处在一个湖边远离主干道的安静地方。off远离。]
8．in[句意：史密斯夫人发现她很难清理这些乱七八糟的东西，因为每次她想要清理时，她的孩子们总是碍着她。in the way 意为“挡道，妨碍”。]
Ⅲ.1.one[句意：火车每隔15分钟发车一次，如果你错过了一列，你不必再长时间等待另一列。错过一列火车，是指trains中的一个，故用one代替。]
2．nothing[句意：如果我从前从不怕死，和过山车越来越快相比，这没什么。nothing 没有事情。]
3．one[句意：这是一个简单的想法，但是它很难付诸实践。one代替前面出现的a simple idea，是泛指概念，相当于a＋名词。One同时做后面that引导的定语从句的先行词。] 4．nothing[句意：除非你全身心投入写作，否则你将一事无成。nothing没什么事。] 5．everything[句意：地震中她失去了丈夫，对于年轻的母亲来说两个孩子就是她的一切。everything一切。]
6．Nobody[Nobody can help but相当于Everybody can't help but意思为大家都不禁为这些他被吸引的科幻故事所吸引了。sb. can't help but为情不自禁做某事的意思。Can’t help but ＋动词原形，禁不住]
7．it[句意：如果他总是制造噪音，我忍受不了了。it在这里是形式宾语，if引导的是真正的宾语从句。]
8．anywhere[句意：—你能猜到你的新老师多大岁数了吗？—很难说。但是我猜大约在35和40之间。anywhere between...数目大约在……之间。]
9．one[句意：我们在寻找一个老师，特别是一个有耐心和想象力的老师。题干前面是a teacher，后面代指其同类的人，应用one。]
10．one[代词one是moment的同位语，all of us will never forget是省略了关系代词that 的定语从句。]
Ⅳ.1.both→neither 2.how→which 3.each→every
4．where→which 5.other→other's 6.that→it
7．Each→None8.on→above9.in→for10.in→within11.at→on12.for→from
13.within→with14.in→for15.to→of
Ⅴ.1.ordered another 2.Working with others 3.talk to the other 4.There is something 5.have made it possible 6.it would be good7.When it comes to8.appreciate it
Ⅵ.A.1.on 2.in 3.for 4.by 5.of 6.in7.by8.to9.in10.in11.on12.as
B．1.it/them 2.he 3.him 4.Another 5.them 6.both7.they8.me9.It10.You C．1.we 2.both 3.our https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a16718754.html, 5.she 6.her7.me
8．he9.another10.his
Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位心地善良的小女孩，在两次目睹了无家可归的流浪者的悲惨生活后，竭尽所能地帮助无家可归者。在自己的努力和影响下，她让更多的人参与了进来。
1．B[下文语境题。根据后面的the man was homeless and hungry可知，那个人无家可归，并且很饿，所以他应该是从垃圾桶里找东西吃(eat)。jump跳；eat吃；cry哭；wave挥手。]
2．D[下文语境题。根据后面的“She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.”可知，她不能理解为什么一些人没有庇护之所，没有足够的食物，这让她很不快(upset)。第二段最后一句出现的sad是近义词复现，也可由此印证答案。annoyed生气的；nervous紧张的；ashamed内疚的，惭愧的；upset不快的，心烦意乱的。]
3．C[下文语境题。根据后面的there is not a lot one fiveyearold can do to solve(解决) the problem of homelessness可知，Hannah想尽一己之力帮助(help)无家可归者，不过一个5岁的女孩毕竟能力有限，可做的事情不多。behave表现；manage设法完成；help帮助；work 工作。]
4．A[下文语境题。根据后面的an old shopping trolley(购物车)可知，她碰到的那个妇女推着(push)一辆旧的购物车。push推；carry运送；buy购买；hold抓住。] 5．D[下文语境题。根据后面的“It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them.”可知，那个女人所有的家当好像都在包里，所以购物车里应该堆满了包(bags)。goods 商品；bottle瓶子；food食物；bag包。受shopping trolley(购物车)的干扰，此题容易错选A项。]
6．B[上下文语境题。根据第一段的内容可知，Hannah在5岁时就想帮助无家可归者，根据第三、四段的内容可知，Hannah做了一些事情来帮助他们，所以此处表示，碰到这个无家可归的女人，她很伤心，这更坚定了(determined)她要做点儿事情的决心。excited兴奋的；determined坚定的；energetic精力充沛的；grateful感谢的，感激的。] 7．A[上文语境题。根据第一段的内容“She asked her mother why he did that...”可知，
自从(since)她们第一次碰到那个无家可归的人，Hannah就和她的妈妈一直讨论他们的生活。since“自……以来”，可引导时间状语从句。unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句；although “虽然”，引导让步状语从句；as“因为；当……的时候”，引导原因状语从句或时间状语从句。]
8．C[上文语境题。根据空前的made her sad可知，碰到无家可归的人让Hannah很伤心，所以她的妈妈告诉她，如果她能做点儿什么来改变这个问题，那么她就不会感觉(feel)这么糟糕了。sound听起来；get变得；feel给人……感觉；look看起来。] 9．D[上文语境题。根据此段第一句中的began to speak out可知，Hannah开始在公开场合做些关于无家可归的人的演讲，想呼吁人们关注他们。她希望把希望传播(spread)下去，并提升人们的意识。exchange交换，互换；leave留下；keep保持；spread扩散，流传。] 10．C[下文语境题。根据此空句子的后半句可知，她会在午餐期间尽力说服当地的商界领袖为这一事业做出贡献，所以Hannah是主办(host)了“大老板”午餐，这是她组织的一种活动。sell卖；deliver递送；host主办；pack(把……)打包。]
11．A[上文语境题。Hannah举办“大老板”午餐活动，是为了让他们为这一事业出一己之力(contribute)。contribute to为……做贡献，为……出力；lead to导致；apply to申请；agree to同意(计划、安排、方案等)。]
12．A[上下文语境题。空格前的another提示，前面已经出现过一个同类型的名词，而前文提到的与募捐有关的活动，是一个零钱月(“Make Change”month)，another后面是另一个活动(campaign)——National Red Scarf Day，人们在当天捐献20美元。campaign活动，运动；trip旅行；procedure程序，步骤；trial审判，试验。]
13．B[上文语境题。第一段中提到了the man was homeless and hungry，和本空相对应，是单词复现。elderly年老的；hungry饥饿的；lonely孤单的；sick生病的。] 14．C[下文语境题。根据下文的描述，Hannah's Place分布在好几个区，为流浪者提供了栖身之处，所以Hannah已经给很多流浪者提供了帮助，这是她感到骄傲的(proud)事。be aware of意识到……；be afraid of 害怕……；be proud of为……感到骄傲，以……为荣；be sure of对……有把握。]
15．B[上下文语境题。Hannah给流浪者提供了栖身之处，让他们在严寒的天气有地方可住。在寒冷的天气，睡(sleep)在户外就可能死亡。go去，到；sleep睡觉；travel旅行；play玩耍。]
16．A[下文语境题。根据本段中的she received the 2007 BRICK Award可知，Hannah 曾获得2007年盘石奖，所以可以判断她因自己的善行获得了很多赞扬(praise)。praise表扬，赞扬；invitation邀请；reply回复；appointment约会。]
17．D[上下文语境题。Hannah获得了2007年盘石奖，这个奖项是对年轻人为改变世
界所做出努力(effort)的认可。need需要；interest兴趣；dream梦想；effort努力。] 18．B[上下文语境题。但是在这期间，Hannah依然过着正常的校园生活。for因为；through在整个期间；besides除……之外(还)；along沿着。]
19．C[上下文语境题。根据上下文可知，在做慈善的过程中，她依旧过着普通(normal)校园女孩的生活，和其他女孩并无区别，只是常常要去探望无家可归的人。healthy健康的；public公共的；normal平常的，正常的；tough困难的。]
20．D[上文语境题。根据上文内容可知，Hannah是通过自己的努力改变世界的年轻人之一。make a difference使变得不同，有影响，符合语境。make a choice做出选择；make a profit赚取利润；make a judgement做出判断。]
Ⅷ.This afternoon, I saw an interesting thing while I was walking home
to
from school.
I noticed a schoolboy walking in the front of me. When he passed by a white wall, he left
his two footprints on the wall.
See
Seeing this, an old man shouted at the boy
angry
angrily. The boy felt
afraid and ran
out
away quickly.
A few minutes later,
other
another boy passed by the wall and saw the footprints on the wall. He
thought ∧
for a moment and took out a pencil from his schoolbag.
After
While/When/As I was
wondering, I saw the boy painting a panda on the wall. And the footprints become
became the panda's
black eyes. What
How smart the boy was!
课时3课标词汇(3)与形容词、
副词和动词(短语)【课标词汇演练】
1. damage; due to/ owing to/ because of; were affected
2. elected; differ from
3.explore; In the 1770s; is famous for
4.gathered at; cheering
5.containing; which weighed
6.react angrily to
7.ocean; used to take; friendly
8.feel impatient with; likely; explanation
9.Due to; tend to10.planned to; in need
Ⅱ.1.leather 2.abroad 3.control 4.heated 5.driving 6.batteries7.technical https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a16718754.html,itary
【基础语法演练】
高考经典演练1.officially[根据空格处修饰动词given，应该用提示词的副词形式。] 2．regularly[此处是副词修饰动词短语take short breaks。]
3．gradually[分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰动词短语turned into并在句中作状语，所以用副词。]
4．off [句意：多亏了良好的创业环境，许多大学生的创业项目已经成功(take off)了。take off意为“开始成功”。]
5．explicit[句意：数据如何收集以及是基于什么收集的，他全面详尽的调查提供了最明确清晰的(explicit)说明。根据后面的名词可知此处用形容词，explicit意为“清楚明确的，直截了当的”。]
6．of [句意：父母应该积极地督促孩子利用(take advantage of)加入体育队的机会。take advantage of意为“利用”。]
7．to [句意：玛丽在讨论初期保持了沉默，但最终还是提出了对这一话题的看法(give voice to...)。gave voice to意为“表达对……的想法”。]
8．on [ 句意：我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话(carry on a conversation)。carry on意为“进行，继续”。]
9．off [句意：当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老人就感觉是与世隔绝了(cut off from the world)。cut off意为“隔绝”。]
10．specific[句意：在这篇文章里，你需要用具体的(specific)例子来支持你的主题句。specific意为“具体的，特定的”，此处修饰后面的名词。]
11．recently[分析句子结构可知，空格处在句子中作时间状语，故用recent的副词形式。]
12．especially[句意：突然停下可能是一次非常可怕的经历，尤其(especially)是你正在高速行进时。especially意为“尤其”。此处是副词修饰后面的句子。]
13．greater[根据与前面的比较以及后面的less importance可知应该用比较级。]
14．natural[根据该词修饰后面的名词architects，可知此处用形容词修饰名词。]
15．comprehensive[句意：警方决定对该案件进行彻底和全面的审查。作名词review 的定语要用其形容词形式。comprehensive综合的，广泛的。]
16．relevant[句意：我认为他说的与我们正在讨论的主题无关。他跑题了。作系动词is的表语要用形容词形式。relevant有关的；贴切的。]
17．best[句意：Andy对这个玩具很满意，这是他曾得到的最好的玩具。根据句意应用最高级。]
18．amazed[句意：小汤姆坐在那儿看小猴子在他面前跳舞，很听惊。amazed感到吃惊的，常修饰人；amazing令人吃惊的，常修饰物。]
19．for[句意：据说，肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而语言只占7%。account for占……比例，符合题意。]
20．away[句意：身势语能够清楚地泄露出你的情绪，因此双臂交叉站着则表示你具有防御性。give away泄露，符合语境。]
能力提升演练
Ⅰ.1.awareness 2.drunk 3.absolutely 4.Production
5．annually 6.embarrassing7.firm8.convenient
9．shocked10.curiously11.losing12.borrowing; to return13.for14.across 15.aside16.Reminded(Having been reminded)17.heard18.To settle19.Having finished 20.solved
Ⅱ.1.five times as much water
2．a most determined
3．Curious and excited
4．the taller of the two
5．less and less satisfied with
6．faster than
7．have never had a colder day
8．can never be too careful
9．much/far/a lot more interesting
10．the more progress you will make.
Ⅲhttps://www.doczj.com/doc/4a16718754.html,te→lately 2.high→highly https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a16718754.html,tely→late 4.deep→deeply 5.more →much 6.clearly →clear7.tall→taller8.deeply→deep9.highly→high10.deeply →deep
11．clear→clearly12.few→little13.cutting→cut14.repairing→repair15.do→doing 16.is tasted→tastes17.explained后加to18.seeing→being seen
Ⅳ.1.make up 2.lives up to 3.stands out 4.taken up
5．put up with 6.appeals to7.set off8.adapt https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a16718754.html,pare; with10.end up with
Ⅴ.1.can't be careful enough 2.The harder; the more success 3.more 4.safe and sound 5.occurred to me
6．turned out7.contributes to8.have a strong appetite for
Ⅵ.【语篇解读】这是一篇科普类的说明文。文章讲述了澳大利亚的一位生物学家通过研究发现，鸟儿在孵化时会进行胎教，幼鸟在孵化后用胎教时学会的鸟叫声来唤起鸟妈妈的关注。鸟儿在胎教方面比人类更出色。
1．B[猜测词义题。画线部分前面的语境说，婴儿在出生之前就能分辨很大的声音与人的声响(tell the difference between loud sounds and voices)，画线部分后面的语境说，而鸟妈妈在鸟儿被孵化出来之前，就能教它们唱歌了(teach their young to sing)。通过对画线部分前后的对比我们发现，这里说的是与人类相比，鸟妈妈在胎教方面表现得最好(be the best)，因此选B。A项颠倒是非，根据语境的对比，一方面是人类婴儿出生之前会分辨很大的声响(loud sounds)和人的声音(voices)，而鸟儿在被孵化出来之前能学会唱歌，因此这里说的是鸟儿在
胎教方面比人类更出色，而不是A项的“最糟糕的”；C项曲解文意，文章说人类婴儿在出生之前和小鸟在被孵出之前都能通过胎教学会辨别，而C项说这二者一样糟糕，因此不符合文章内容；D项无中生有，文章没有说人类婴儿在出生之前与鸟儿在被孵化出来之前的辨别能力一样好。]
2．A[细节理解题。根据题干的Kleindorfer's findings based on，我们知道本题询问的是这项研究成果建立的基础，由此把答案定位在第三段。该段说，为了了解这种特殊的素质是不是所有的鸟儿都具备(if the special quality was more widespread in birds)，研究人员选定了澳大利亚另外一种会唱歌的鸟(another species of Australian songbird)——鹪鹩(fairy wren)，从位于昆士兰四个地点的67个鸟巢里收集鸟叫的声音资料(collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland)，然后再来分辨这些鸟叫声(identified begging calls)，比较这些鸟叫声中鸟妈妈与小鸟声音的相似方面(ranking them by similarity)，然后得出结论(It turns out that...)：幼鸟的叫声与鸟妈妈的声音很相似。由此判断，他的发现基于A项(鸟妈妈与小鸟叫声的相似之处)。B项颠倒是非，文章说Kleindorfer 收集鸟儿的声音资料(collected sound data)，而不是B项的“观察鸟儿”(observation)，文章说收集的范围是昆士兰的4个地点(four sites in Queensland)，而不是B项的“全澳大利亚”(across Australia)；C项曲解文意，C项的复数名词locals表示“当地人”，C项提到准确信息“昆士兰”，但是后面的locals不对，不是从人们那里收集数据；D项无中生有，该项说用这些鸟儿和其他鸟儿来做实验，而且还是可控制的实验(controlled experiments)，这在文中未提及。]
3．C[推理判断题。文章最后两段说，研究结果发现，叫声与鸟妈妈的声音很接近的幼鸟得到的食物最多(the baby birds that most closely imitated their mom's voice were rewarded with the most food)，这表明，胎教能够把孩子神经系统的力量情况传递给母亲(signal neurological strengths of children to parents)。从这些信息判断，胎教能帮助鸟妈妈识别出更能适应环境的小鸟，因此选C项。A项曲解文意，本项很有干扰性，文章说的是鸟妈妈给那些叫声与之最接近的幼鸟最多的食物，这里说的是幼鸟发出的叫声与鸟妈妈相似，是胎教过程中接收信号之后的输出，而A项说的是“能够接受有素质的信号”，强调的是接受，或“输入”，因此不符合本题要求。一词之差，很容易造成我们理解的错误；B项无中生有，文章没有提到鸟妈妈通过胎教来识别哪些幼鸟需要接受培训。相反，文章只提到孵化之后的幼鸟通过发出叫声得到鸟妈妈不同的关爱；D项无中生有，文章没有说鸟妈妈去关注叫声最大的幼鸟。]
Ⅶ.对那些心怀抱负的青年人来说，如何才能找到有意义的工作呢？有目的地去尝试、自我了解及练就本领是十分有益的经验。
1．E[根据文章标题“Find Meaningful Work”以及上文中的“Young people today want to do work with purpose”，再结合下文中的三条建议可知应选E。]
2．D[根据上文中的“to volunteer”与D项中的“That volunteer experience”可知，Alex McPhillips的志愿服务最后成就了他的事业。]
3．A[根据下文中的“get closer to who we are”与A项中的“who you are”可知，此处说的应是要了解自己。]
4．B[由该部分段首的“Skills often get people hired”可知，此段主要讲的是在找工作时拥有一技之长的优势及重要性，并非谈如何利用技能实现多方就业。故B项符合语境。] 5．F[根据下文中的“This was the case for Deepa Subramaniam ... a career change”和“She https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a16718754.html,nd the position”可知选项F符合语境，This指的就是F项的问题。]
课时4课标词汇(4)与动词的时态和语态
【课标词汇演练】
Ⅰ.1.bear/keep in mind that; with the help of 2.A number of; the number of whom 3.choose from; make up my mind 4.It seemed that 5.so sleepy that 6.It is reported that 7.pointed out; out of order8.fortunately; without hesitation9.up till/to now10.beyond our expectation
Ⅱ.1.approach 2.temporary 3.reference 4.formally
5．contact 6.admire7.demand
【基础语法演练】
高考经典演练https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a16718754.html,es[由时间状语at the moment可知，这里是指现在发生的事情，因此用一般现在时。]
2．is[此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，food为不可数名词，故填is。]
3．was driving[此处是be doing... when...结构，意为“正在做……，这时(突然)……”。由从句的谓语动词found可知，主句应用过去进行时。]
4．was working[句意：突然断电时，Jack正在实验室工作。根据occurred可知，这里指过去某时刻正在发生的事情，用过去进行时。]
5．have been waiting[句意：——打扰了，你们在等哪一部电影？——《星球大战》，我们已经在这儿等了两个多小时了。“for＋一段时间”与完成时连用，根据语境可知，说话时还在等待，故用现在完成进行时。]
6. have read[句意：我已经看完了这本英文小说的一半，周末会尽力把另一半看完。发生在过去的动作对现在产生影响，用现在完成时。“看小说”这一动作发生在过去，到目前为止看了一半，故用完成时。]
7．will be rewarded[句意：学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力将会得到回报。根据句意可知，回报是将来发生的事情，而且efforts和reward是被动关系，故这里用将来
阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二
最新2017高考英语阅读(完整版)
高考英语阅读 文体类型及阅读理解答题技巧 一、英语阅读文体类型简析 高考英语阅读常见的文体类型有：记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。 1、记叙文 英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来；文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。 2、议论文 英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。 就议论文而言，其论证的常见结构方式有： 1，总分式总---分；分----总；总----分---总； 2，并列式几个论据之间属于平等关系； 3，递进式几个论据之间属于递进关系； 4，对照式把两种事物加以对比，以彰显其中一种。 3、说明文 英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份，说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。常见的说明方法： 1，定义与诠释说明； 2，举例与引用说明； 3，分类与图表说明； 4，比较与比喻说明； 5，分析与综合说明； 就高考英语说明文的阅读而言，首先要抓住文章说明的要点，也就是要抓住被说明对象的实质性特征；弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明；并明白文章最后的说明结论。高考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的写作手法、说明方法，理清短文结构及段落中心思想是答题关键。 4、应用文
阅读理解D专练5篇 Passage 1(2017江苏,D) Old Problem, New Approaches While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life, global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions(排放) peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation. When it comes to adaptation, it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard, but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at least, the US National Climate Assessment says that:“There is no ‘one-size fits all’ adaptation.”Nevertheless, there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost. Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity(连接) to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level:his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season. Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Norphel lives in a mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers(冰川) there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Norphel’s inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200,000m3of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so Norphel’s ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.
海淀区2015高考英语阅读理解训练（6）（答案） 【2015高考复习】阅读理解 “The U．S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)is considering to put stricter limits over tanning salons(晒黑廊)and wants to ban anyone younger than 18 years of age from using a tanning bed，”an advisory panel(专家团)announced last week. The panel is calling for tighter controls on the industry such as requiring teenagers to get the approval from their parents before using tanning beds or limiting the use of artificial tanning to a certain age.“Given the absence of any demonstra ted benefits，I think it is an obligation for us to ban artificial tanning for those under 18，”said panelist Dr.Michael Olding. Along with a possible ban for teenagers，the panel also recommended that visible warning labels should be placed either on the tanning machines or in the salons in order to caution tanners of the possible dangers.In addition，the committee decided that stricter regulations and classifications were critical to make the machines safe r.At this time the machines are categorized as FDA Class 1 devices，the ones that are least likely to cause harm.In case the FDA decided to change their classification from Class 1 to Class 2，as advised by the panel，the FDA could limit the levels of radiation the machines emit.Class 2 devices include X-ray m achines and powered wheelchairs. Getting a tan，whether from a tanning bed or the sun，increases the risk of developing skin https://www.doczj.com/doc/4a16718754.html,st year，the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)decla red tanning beds as “carcin ogenic(致癌的)to humans”．It was discovered that young individuals in their teens and 20s who use tanning beds on a regular basis have a 75 per cent higher risk of suffering from melanoma(黑素瘤)，the deadliest form of skin cancer.According to the American Cancer Society，melanoma accounted for nearly 69,000 cases of skin cancer in 2009 and will account for most (about 8,650)of the 11,590 mortality cases due to skin cancer each year. 【语篇解读】随着人们审美观的变化，越来越多的人希望自己拥有健康的古铜色皮肤。于是日光浴和晒黑廊相应而生。晒黑真的能使人拥有健康的皮肤吗？专家告诉我们并非如此。针对这种情况，美国食品药物管理局又会做何行动呢？ 20．According to the passage，what measures will U．S.FDA most probably take? A．Banning tanning salons. B．Posing heavier tax over tanning salons.
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.
高三英语阅读理解专练（七） 制卷人：施浩杰2008/11/17 A His own way to express love Yesterday was our three-year anniversary. We didn’t do anything romantic: we just walked hand in hand and talked about our past and future. This was pretty much what I had expected. Andy is unromantic guy: no sweet words or roses. Smart as he is, he is a little bit shy expressing his love. In contrast, I am an outspoken girl who likes to show her feelings directly. So needless to say, I often feel that is insensitive. I envy other girls who are surrounded by sweet words. I was in this sullen mood until I heard a beautiful sentence one day: “If someone does not love you in the way you like, it does not mean that he does not love you.”this simple but sensible sentence made me think about our happy days and recall his deep concern for me. One cold winter night, I got a high fever. He hurried to my dorm and took me to the hospital. He was in such a hurry that he even forgot to wear socks. Upon arrival, he ran through the hospital handling all the formalities(手续). When I was put on a drip（输液）, he told me interesting stories to make me happy. Being held in his warm arms and listening to his tender voice, I had never felt so safe and comfortable. Gradually, I felt asleep. When I woke up 15 minutes later, he was still whispering to me. He explained that if he had stopped talking I would have waken up. At that moment, I found love in his sparkling eyes. Another time, I had a bad quarrel with my best friend. Although I knew it was my fault, I refused to admit it. I was angry when he insisted I apologize to her. He said that it was difficult to admit a mistake, but this was what everyone should do. The next morning, I apologized to my friend and asked for her forgiveness. My unromantic boyfriend cares about my health like my father, understand me like my mother and helps me like my elder brother. (344 words) 1. Why does the author envy other girls of her age? A. Their boyfriends look more handsome. B. Their boyfriends express love directly. C. They win a lot of praise from colleagues. D. They often receive roses from their boyfriends. 2. The author mentioned her experience in hospital to show Andy . A. loves her greatly B. is always careless C. sometimes appears shy D. is good at telling stories 3. Which word can describe Andy’s personality? A. Insensitive. B. Generous. C. Talkative. D. Thoughtful. 4. The writer writes the passage to tell us that . A. Andy is indeed a very lever boy B. Andy is a perfect husband C. Andy has his own way to express love D. Andy cares more about others 5. The word sullen in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by A. cheerful B. calm C. painful D. bad B MILAN, Italy - Can't get to Milan to see Leonardo Da Vinci's masterpiece "The Last Supper?" All you need is an Internet connection. Officials put online an image of "The Last Supper" at 16
高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案含解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Average humans can consume 15 or more drinks in plastic bottles a month. If you were born after 1978, and live until 80 years old, you will leave behind a minimum of 14,400 plastic bottles on this planet. These bottles take hundreds of years to break down into tiny pieces of plastic, never to completely disappear. Most of the waste is consumed by fish and birds, which has shortened their lifetime greatly. The Plastic Bottle Village is just a great idea that might finally save us from being buried in plastic. It's a community in Panama that is going to be made of used bottles. The design process begins with building steel frames, which are then filled with these bottles. Once this step is complete, and electrical and plumbing (管道装置) lines are put inside, the plastic walls are covered by concrete—both inside and outside. So no one will actually be able to tell that the walls are made of plastic. Besides, the material will keep the house 17°C cooler than the outside, which is the biggest benefit to people living inside. The village is the brainchild (主意) of Robert Bezeau with the intention of setting up several environmental projects. Having started a recycling program four years ago, during which a number of plastic bottles were collected, he started to think of how they could be put to use. Soon enough, he decided to use them to build houses, and came up with a basic idea for the construction process. The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they can do more to protect the environment. The village will also create an education center that will teach individuals from the world how to reuse plastic bottles as construction materials for shelter. Recycled bottles could neutralize the negative effect of your passage on this planet, and move closer to leaving only your “footprints”. （1）What does Paragraph 1 intend to tell us? A. The reason for buying fewer drinks. B. The difficult situation of wildlife. C. The amount of plastic waste. D. The seriousness of plastic pollution. （2）What is the biggest benefit to people living in the Plastic Bottle Village? A. The house will be much cooler than normal ones. B. The material of construction will be reduced a lot. C. The newly-made house can save a lot of electricity. D. The waste of the house can be consumed by fish and birds. （3）Which of the following words can best describe Robert? A. Creative. B. Courageous. C. Enthusiastic. D. Sensitive.（4）The main purpose of Robert's projects is to A. provide shelter for locals B. reuse all deserted plastic bottles C. popularize the use of plastic bottles D. raise people's environmental awareness 【答案】（1）D （2）A
高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide. As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school. Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God. （1）How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school? A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams. C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence. （2）Why did the author's parents put him into an English school？ A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast. C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter. （3）What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school? A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并分析了具体原因。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.