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1.
MONTEREY
BY
Curtis
of
INTRODUCTION
Point
(e.g. sun
distance away from the point
atmosphere over the target.
when cloud cover How-
ever, if the
to bc primarily cirrus rather
over open ocean. High altitude
the
may imagery of Monterey Bay,CA (Figure 1) was acquired 4
which involved shipboard
diversity of underwater habitats,
incrcascd
impact.
MEASUREMENTS AND PROCESSING
Instruments
at
sensor which
surface
A
the mooring giving exact geographic coordinates at the time
of the
usc
-2-
Cloud profiling was performed
the Presidio in Monterey, CA, over
around the sun
indicating ice crystals at an altitude of approximately 12 km. The sun photometer data
was reduced using a modified LangIcy approach
km and atmospheric water profiles. Ancillary meteorological
4.
A correction
based on the ratio
The 557
clouds (low elevation water clouds), if present, will
will not be where from the scattering by the cirrus clouds. The cloud entirely cirrus.
Apparent reflectance,
where
1992). Cumulus
in the 557 nm
cover, estimated at was
was
is the
1983).
Since the cirrus clouds are non-absorbing at 744 nm and the reflectance of the
ocean surface is negligible
the radiance measured =
1.0 –
ranging from 30-100 km.
predicted total aerosol optical depth matched within 2.55% the calculated optical depth
from the
mooring was atmospherically
corrected to water-leaving radiance with
band ratio
the
km visibility (Figure 2).
-3-
450 nm are duc insensitivity
[ocean] targets in these values from dark
profiling
the surface, and transformed
20 m, the attenuation curve is highly
skewed toward lower attenuation values the
scattering affecting water-leaving radiance occurs in the uppermost optical depth. This
C. MobIcy’s radiative transfer
at
mooring M 1, wind speed at
(Figure 2) was resealed by a factor may
calculated by
for the
by the radiative transfer mode] depends both
to general ocean waters. In these
coefficients were calculated
and chlorophyll using empirical relationships developed for clear
In view of the fact that these relationships arc not specific
the results arc encouraging.
The above outlined method an
tializing MODTRAN and that
and Mark of
in Support
of
International Geoscience
Sensing Symposium, Houston,
M. 1983. An Introduction to
and
Matter Content (Case I Waters).Journal v.
Christopher Welch. E1’feet
Optical
91-72810, v.
. .
725.
▲ series 虽为复数形式，但可以表示单数意义，即单数与复数同形。series 用作主语时，谓语通常用单数，但在现代英语中有时也用复数。如：The lecture series falls [fall] naturally into three parts. 该系列讲座可自然分成3 部分。▲a series of 用作主语时，谓语也可以用单数或复数。如：——用单数的例子A series of robberies has shaken up residents of the neighborhood. 接连发生的抢劫案使这一地区的居民深感不安。A series of bribery scandals has cut a swathe through the government. 一连串的受贿丑闻使政府遭到重创。A new series of wildlife programmes has started on Monday evenings. 一档新的野生动物节目已经在每周一晚上播出。——用复数的例子A whole series of problems have arisen one after another. 一系列的问题接连出现了。A series of attacks have sharpened fears of more violence. 一连串的袭击事件增加了人们对发生更多暴力事件的担心。 A series of missed opportunities have badly weakened the company. 一系列的机会错失大大削弱了该公司的实力。——用单数或复数均可的例子A series of attacks has [have] sharpened fears of more violence. 一系列的攻击使人们更
2014年高三英语阅读复习第三期科普知识与现代技术7 【导读】本文讲述了机器人苍蝇的研发，面临的困难以及前景。 A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks. “It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components(元件), ”said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said. They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perf orm well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot wi th these tiny components can be built and manufactured. While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said. Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, th e power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.” 【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文，讲述机器人苍蝇的研发，面临的困难以及前景。 【篇章结构】 got the go-ahead to start
Unit 3 Leonardo da Vinci, one of the greatest minds of the Italian Renaissance, is perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived. A painter, sculptor, architect, mathematician, engineer, and inventor, he is famous for a wide range of accomplishments. His natural genius, which crossed multiple disciplines, won him the title of "Renaissance Master". Leonardo is renowned primarily as a painter. Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the best known and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time. What make Leonardo's drawings unique are mainly his innovative techniques and acute scientific mind. Perhaps only 15 of his painting shave survived, partly because his constant experimentation with new techniques made his total output quite small. Although not a prolific(多产的)painter, Leonardo was a most productive draftsman, keeping journals full of sketches, drawings, and diagrams. These notebooks, often referred to as da Vinci's manuscripts, recorded his inventions, observations, and theories about everything that captured his attention. Leonard's genius made him a pioneer in almost every field of study he undertook. His paintings, together with his notebooks, have contributed significantly to the history of art. Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e. brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects. Ink and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings. Unit 4 Venice is the world's famous island city in northern Italy. Founded in the 5th century, Venice became a major maritime power in the 10th century. In the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Venice was a major center for commerce and trade, and became an extremely wealthy European city, a leader in political and economic affairs. After several hundred years in power, Venice began to decline in the 15th century. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the world's most beautiful cities and one of the most important tourist destinations in the world. Venice has a rich and diverse architectural style, the most famous of which is the Gothic style. Venice is also known for several important artistic movements in history, especially the Renaissance period. The influence of Venice on the development of architecture and arts has been considerable. Today, it is still playing an important role in contemporary arts and popular cultures. In 1987, Venice was listed as a World Heritage Site. In March 1980, Venice became a sister city of China's Suzhou City.
a series of一系列，一连串 above all首先，尤其是 after all毕竟，究竟 ahead of在...之前 ahead of time提前 all at once突然,同时 all but几乎；除了...都 all of a sudden突然 all over遍及 all over again再一次，重新 all the time一直，始终 all the same仍然，照样的 as regards关于，至于 anything but根本不 as a matter of fact实际上 apart from除...外(有/无) as a rule通常，照例 as a result(of)因此,由于 as far as...be concerned就...而言as far as远至，到...程度 as for至于，关于 as follows如下 as if好像，仿怫 as good as和...几乎一样 as usual像平常一样，照例 as to至于，关于 all right令人满意的；可以 as well同样，也，还 as well as除...外(也)，即...又aside from除...外(还有) at a loss茫然，不知所措 at a time一次，每次 at all丝毫(不)，一点也不 at all costs不惜一切代价 at all events不管怎样，无论如何
at all times随时，总是 at any rate无论如何，至少 at best充其量，至多 at first最初，起先 at first sight乍一看，初看起来at hand在手边，在附近 at heart内心里，本质上 at home在家，在国内 at intervals不时，每隔... at large大多数，未被捕获的 at least至少 at last终于 at length最终，终于 at most至多，不超过 at no time从不，决不 by accident偶然 at one time曾经，一度;同时at present目前，现在 at sb's disposal任...处理 at the cost of以...为代价 at the mercy of任凭...摆布 at the moment此刻，目前 at this rate照此速度 at times有时，间或 back and forth来回地,反复地back of在...后面 before long不久以后 beside point离题的，不相干的beyond question毫无疑问 by air通过航空途径 by all means尽一切办法,务必by and by不久，迟早 by chance偶然,碰巧 by far最，...得多 by hand用手，用体力
常见同义词替换 A A range of=an array of= a list of= a collection of=a series of= a set of一系列 Accelerate=speed up加速 Accomplishment=achievement 成就，完成Accomplish=achieve （V）完成，达成，成就 Attend=participate in 参加 Achieve=obtain=gain=access to sth 得到、获得 Aim.n=objective=goal 目的 Aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on 集中、强调 Attempt to do=try to do=intend to do尝试作，想要作Approximately=roughly=about=some=around 大约 As a result=consequently=as a consequence=hence因此、从而 Associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in与……相关联 Attach to=connect to=link to与……相连接、附着在……上At will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally 随意地
Be similar to=closely resembled =have something in common 相似 Be used to=be devoted to专门用于 Be equivalent to=be equal to 等同于 Be taken aback=be surprised 吃惊 C Calculate=measure 衡量 Catch up with=keep pace with跟上步伐 Chief=major=dominant=principle主要的 Chronic=long term 慢性病的 Concern n. =focus关心的问题 Concept =conception=notion=idea=understanding概念、理解 Confront=encounter=in the face of面临 Consist of=comprise由什么组成 Contribute to=result in=lead to=link to=responsible for 导致 Cooperate with=work with 与……协作 Convert to=turn into 转为、转变为
2021新高考英语读后续写系列练习含答案4套全1.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 In order to collect funds for charitable donation，my sister’s school was going to organise a concert.One of the performances was a short drama called “Christmas Eve”．When the notice was announced，my sister went to register for the drama immediately because she was really passionate(热情的) about role playing. On the day when students were given their respective roles，my little sister came home without any expression，and her lips tightly closed. “Are you chosen？”We asked her carefully，trying to not hurt her feelings. “Yes，”She said a word only.“Then why are you unhappy？”I asked. “It’s because of my role！”She shouted angrily. We all knew that “Christmas Eve”only had four characters: the father，the mother，the son and the daughter.“What is your role？” “They asked me to play the role of the dog！”After saying that，my sister rushed upstairs，leaving us watching each other in silence.We did not know whether to congratulate her or to comfort her for her role as a
a series of 一系列,一连串above all 首先,尤其是after all 毕竟,究竟 ahead of time 提前ahead of 在...之前all at once 突然,同时 all but 几乎;除了...都all of a sudden 突然all over again 再一次,重新 all over 遍及all right 令人满意的;可以all the same 仍然,照样的 all the time 一直,始终anything but 根本不apart from 除...外(有/无) as a matter of fact 实际上as a result(of) 因此,由于as a rule 通常,照例 as far as ...be concerned 就...而言as far as 远至,到...程度as follows 如下 as for 至于,关于as good as 和...几乎一样as if 好像,仿怫 as regards 关于,至于as to 至于,关于as usual 像平常一样,照例 as well as 除...外(也),即...又as well 同样,也,还aside from 除...外(还有) at a loss 茫然,不知所措at a time 一次,每次at all costs 不惜一切代价 at all events 不管怎样,无论如何at all times 随时,总是at all 丝毫(不),一点也不 at any rate 无论如何,至少at best 充其量,至多at first sight 乍一看,初看起来at first 最初,起先at hand 在手边,在附近at heart 内心里,本质上 at home 在家,在国内at intervals 不时,每隔... at large 大多数,未被捕获的 at last 终于at least 至少at length 最终,终于 at most 至多,不超过at no time 从不,决不at one time 曾经,一度;同时 at present 目前,现在at sb’s disposal 任...处理at the cost of 以...为代价 at the mercy of 任凭...摆布at the moment 此刻,目前at this rate 照此速度 at times 有时,间或back and forth 来回地,反复地back of 在...后面 before long 不久以后beside point 离题的,不相干的beyond question 毫无疑问 by accident 偶然by air 通过航空途径by all means 尽一切办法,务必by and by 不久,迟早by chance 偶然,碰巧by far 最,...得多 by hand 用手,用体力by ITeslf 自动地,独自地by means of 用,依靠 by mistake 错误地,无意地by no means 决不,并没有by oneself 单独地,独自地 by reson of 由于by the way 顺便说说by virtue of 借助,由于 by way of 经由,通过...方法due to 由于,因为each other 互相 even if/though 即使,虽然ever so 非常,极其every now and then 时而,偶尔every other 每隔一个的except for 除了...外face to face 面对面地 far from 远非,远离for ever 永远for good 永久地 for the better 好转for the moment 暂时,目前for the present 暂时,目前 for the sake of 为了,为了...的利益for the time being 暂时,眼下from time to time 有时,不时hand in hand 手拉手,密切关联head on 迎面地,正面的heart and soul 全心全意地how about ...怎么样in (the)light of 鉴于,由于in a hurry 匆忙,急于 in a moment 立刻,一会儿in a sense 从某种意义上说in a way 在某种程度上 in a word 简言之,总之in accordance with 与...一致,按照in addition to 除...之外(还) in addition 另外,加之in advance 预先,事先in all 总共,合计 in any case 无论如何in any event 无论如何in brief 简单地说 in case of 假如,防备in charge of 负责,总管in common 共用的,共有的 in consequence(of) 因此;由于in debt 欠债,欠情in detail 详细地 in difficulty 处境困难in effect 实际上,事实上in favour of 支持,赞成 in front of 面对,在...前in general 一般来说,大体上in half 成两半
【主题语境】人与社会——影视艺术 Will you pay extra for a preview of TV series？ 词数478建议阅读时间9分钟导读 近来，由作家猫腻原著改编的同名网剧《庆余年》大火。这部戏及其吸引观众的不仅仅是豪华的明显阵容，既有张若昀、李沁等当红明星的联袂表演，又有陈道明、吴刚等老戏骨的流量加持。 当然，更重要的莫过于“双十二”那天《庆余年》再次登上了搜索，不过这回不是因为好看，而是因为某视频网站推出的50元预点播服务，即在已经是VIP会员的基础之上，再充值50元可以预看6集。 这次《庆余年》VIP事件之所以会迅速成为热点，主要原因还是在于其个例性，此举在国内视频网站领域尚属首例。原本不花钱就能看的剧突然要收50元，这让许多观众都难以接受。这种种事件，无疑把这部戏即推上了“流量巅峰”，又推上了“风口浪尖”。 ——部分摘自网络 Passage 3
1. The new TV series Joy of Life is a smash hit , scoring 8/10 among the notoriously rigorous reviewers of Douban, a Chinese social networking service website. 2. But how would you feel if Tencent Video and iQiyi allowed anyone to pay an extra fee to see a show’s upcoming episodes ahead of schedule ? 3. The two of China’s biggest video streaming platforms decided to allow users to pay an extra fee on top of their subscription to get advanced access to episodes of Qing Yu Nian (Joy of Life). 4. In the face of extreme competition and perhaps an overly ambitious business model, China’s streaming giants are hoping that additional charges could turn their luck around. 1. The new TV series Joy of Life (庆余年) is a smash hit, scoring 8/10 among the notoriously rigorous （严苛的）reviewers of Douban, a Chinese social networking service website. 翻译：新上映电视连续剧《庆余年》大受欢迎，在豆瓣的评分高达8分（满分10分），要知道豆瓣上的评分员都极为严格。 2. But how would you feel if Tencent Video and iQiyi allowed anyone to pay an extra fee to see a show’s upcoming episodes ahead of schedule ? 翻译：但如果腾讯视频和爱奇艺允许任何人支付额外费用提前看即将播出的剧集，你会怎么想？ 单句解析 hit, reviewer, allow, schedule, ahead of , subscription, advanced, competition 词义猜测 主语 分词结构 Douban 的同位语 系表结构 解析 The new TV series Joy of Life scoring 8/10 among the notoriously rigorous reviewers of Douban a Chinese social networking service website. is a smash hit
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语法填空专题 浙江省东阳中学2020-2021学年高一10月阶段考试英语试题 第二节:语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) With my high school life 56 ( begin) , I feel a little anxious right now. I hope to make a good first 57 (impress). But I wonder whether I will make friends or what if no one 58 (talk) to me. To tell the truth, the maths class was difficult for me, 59 the teacher was kind and friendly. He told 60 ( we )a funny story and every student laughed so much! In the afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson was 61 ( interest) , but the guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. Therefore, I couldn't concentrate 62 the experiment. I 63 ( real) wanted to tell him to be quiet and leave me alone! All in all, the first day is 64 wonderful day. Though I was worried in the morning, I didn't feel awkward or frightened at all. I believe I will make new friends in the new school here and there’s a lot 65 (explore) at senior high. I think that tomorrow will be a great day! 语法填空：56.beginning 57.impression 58.talks 59.but https://www.doczj.com/doc/4211731245.html, A.61.interesting 62.on 63.really 64. a 65. to explore 浙江省诸暨中学2020-2021学年高一上学期10月阶段性考试 第二节根据课文内容填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） Adam, a freshman at senior high school, experienced a 36 (challenge) and 37 (confuse) school life at first. He had to think carefully to choose 38 (suit) courses. With the help of the school adviser, he finally took courses and especially 39 39 39 (报名参加) advanced literature based on his strengths and interests. Besides, he had to choose 40 (课外的) activities. He was anxious to join the 41 41 41 (学校足球队). Unfortunately, he wasn’t qualified for it. But he wouldn’t quit and would improve on his own to 42 42 42 (加入球队) next year, because he wanted to realize his dream. Then he joined a 43 43 (食品救济站) to help