Unit 1 Part I A
1. Oxford / commitment / academic record
2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science
3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels
4. excellence / 17.000 / location
5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,000
6. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools
7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / third
B
1.2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation
2.official / language
3.One billion / 20 percent
4.Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign
5.500,000 words / Eighty percent / other
6.Eighty percent / computers
7.African country / same
8.1,000 / Africa
9.spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United States
C 1 –(a) 2 –( c) 3 –( d) 4 –(b ) All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types”–the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their notebook, and they like to have a textbook. They
like to learn new words by seeing them. And finally, we have analytical learners. These learners like to learn by studying grammar. At home, they like to learn by studying English books,
and they like to study by themselves. They like
to find their own mistakes. Now, of course, it’s unusual for a person to be exclusively one “type”rather than another. Most of us are mixtures of styles. What type of learner do you
think you are?
Part II A3
GCSE examinations students / higher education
student/ second year / high school / college general exam / School Certificate
sitting University Entrance Examination bachelor’s degree: 3/ 4 years
master’s degree: another year or two doctorate: a further 3-7 years
Well, in Britain, from the ages of five to about
eleven you start off at a primary school, and then
from eleven to sixteen you go on to a secondary
school or a comprehensive school and at sixteen you take GCSE examinations. After this, some children take vocational courses or even start work. Others stay on at school for another two years to take A levels. And at the age of eighteen, after A levels, they might finish their education or go on to a course of higher education at a college or university, and that’s usually for three years.
Well, it depends on what state you’re in but most kids in the United States start school at about six when they go to elementary school and that goes from the first grade up to the sixth grade. Some kids go to a kindergarten the year before that. Then they go on to junior high school, that’s about eleven, and that’s the seventh, eighth and ninth grades. And then they go on to senior high school around age fourteen starting in the tenth grade and finishing in the twelfth grade usually. Some students will leave school at sixteen and they’ll start work, but most of them stay on to graduate from high school at age
eighteen. In the first year at high school or college students are called “freshmen”, in the second they’re called “sophomores”, in the third year we call them “juniors” and in the fourth year they’re called “seniors”. Now a lot of high school graduates then go to college or university and they do a four-year first degree course. Some of them might go to junior college which is a two-year course.
Well, in Australia, well most states anyway, children start their primary education at five after perhaps a brief time in kindergarten. They will stay at primary school until they’re about eleven, then they’ll either stay there or go to an intermediate school for a couple of years. Then they start high school usually twelve or thirteen, which you start in the third form. Now, after three years at high school you sit a general exam, some states call it School Certificate and that is a sort of general qualification and that if a sort of general qualification. After that you can leave school at sixteen or you can go on and sit
your University Entrance Examination, which then gives you entrée into a university or it’s another useful qualification, and from then on you go to various sorts of higher education. Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility, but schools are administered by local school boards.
Kindergarten is for children who are four or five years old. Children begin formal full-day schooling in Grade 1, when they are about six years old. They must stay in school at least until they are sixteen. However, most students continue to finish high school. Some go to college or university. Each year of schooling represents one grade. (The school year extends from the beginning of September to the end of June.) Elementary school includes kindergarten to about Grade 8. Secondary school (or high school) may start in Grade 8, 9, or 10 and it usually continues until Grade 12.
In Canada, students may go to university or to a community college. If they want to learn skills
for specific job, they attend college for one or four years to get a diploma or certificate. For example, lab technicians, child-care workers, and hotel managers go to college. Universities offer degree programs as well as training professions, such as law, medicine, and teaching. Universities offer three main levels of degrees. Students earn a bachelor’s degree after three or four years of study. A master’s degree can take another year or two. A doctorate may take a further three to seven years to complete.
B1 Idioms / vocabulary / French / spelling / pronunciation
B2 1. F 2. T 3. F
I – Interviewer P – Professor
I: And now we have an interview with Professor J. T. Lingo, Professor of Linguistics at Chimo University, who is here to talk to us about the growing business of teaching English. Good morning, professor Lingo.
P: Good morning.
I: I understand that teaching English is becoming