同位语从句

英语中有一些名词如fact, idea, news, word, hope, promise, suggestion, reply, problem, belief, doubt, truth, order, thought等,它们本身有一定的意义,但表达得不够具体。为了使其表达的意义更加具体明确,其后常跟有一个从句,用来补充说明该名词的内容,这个从句就叫做同位语从句。

(1) 同位语从句的引导词

①表示陈述意义时通常用that。注意that不能省略。

同位语从句说明的名词常见的有:ability, advice, answer, belief, doubt, discovery, fact, fear, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, proposal, question, story, suggestion, theory, thought, word(消息)等,同位语从句一般都是用来解释说明一些抽象名词,而不可说明的名词是不会接同位语从句的。比如:man, water, sun等具体的人或事物。

e.g There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.

The belief that the company will make a great is shared by everyone.

②表示“是否”的意思时只能用whether,不能用if。这一点与主语从句相似。

e.g The question whether he can finish the work within two days remains unknown.

③表示疑问时也可用其他引导词where, when, why, how, who, what来引导。

e.g This student asked a good question why pollution can’t be stopped.

I have no idea where I should go.

I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.

(2) 同位语从句和定语从句的区别

(2) 同位语从句和定语从句的区别

①定语从句相当于一个形容词, 它对先行词起修饰、描述和限制的作用。同位语从句相当于名词,属于名词性从句,它是对前面名词内容的具体表述,它们之间的关系是同位关系。试比较:

The news that you heard is not true. 你听到的那个消息不是真的。(定语从句) The news that he has died is true. 他已经去世的消息是真的。(同位语从句,说明了news 的具体内容,即he has died)

②同位语从句常跟在news, fact, promise, idea, word, message, hope, truth, answer, proposal, suggestion, order, information 等少数名词之后,而一般名词之后都可跟

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