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浅谈商务英语信函写作原则

浅谈商务英语信函写作原则
浅谈商务英语信函写作原则

摘要:作为国际贸易交流的有效途径之一,商务英语信函的作用日渐突显。信函的写作应该主旨明确,意思完整,言简意赅,表达委婉,要符合“4C”原则,以期达到有效沟通的目的。关键词:国际贸易;商务英语信函;“4C”原则

随着全球经济的发展和我国对外贸易不断开放,我们将在更多的领域特别是在经济和贸易领域全面与国际接轨,因此对外联系和信息交流的日趋频繁使得商务英语的使用越来越广泛,尤其是英文函电作为商务信息交流的主要手段,贯穿于外贸业务的全部流程,起着非常关键的桥梁和纽带作用。商务英语信函是国际贸易买卖双方用于联系业务、沟通商讯、咨询答复的主要途径和通讯手段,其主要作用在于:(1)索取或传递信息;(2)报盘或接受报盘;(3)处理业务磋商的各种问题。此外,有些信的目的仅仅是提醒收信人知道写信人的存在。然而,撰写商务英语信函需在一定的原则指导下才能达到预期效果,相反,如果违背了既定原则,可能会给外贸工作造成意想不到的麻烦。商务英语信函写作需要遵循许多原则,本文基于笔者的实际工作经验进行了归纳总结,主要从清楚易懂原则、谦恭礼貌原则、简洁明了原则和正确完整原则(即“4C” 原则)进行叙述,深入阐释了“4C” 原则在商务英语信函写作中的具体运用。

1 清楚易懂原则(Clearness)

在商务英语信函中,清楚易懂原则是指清楚直接地传递写信者所要表达的信息,避免产生任何可能的误解而给双方贸易带来麻烦。清楚的表达一直是商务沟通的重要环节,是商务英语写作追求的目标。如果收信人未能读懂写作者的意思,无论信函多么正确,语言多么漂亮,整篇信函都将毫无意义。甚至一封含糊不清,辞不达意的信函往往会引起误会,造成贸易损失。清楚易懂原则的运用技巧:

1.1 使用简短熟悉的常用词语。在进行贸易沟通时,无论是书面还是口头沟通都必须选用简单并且符合常规的表达方式,避免使用复杂、生僻和容易产生歧义的词。

1.2 有效地组织句子和段落结构。在写作中,应使用严密的文字,简单的表达。写信者的思维逻辑尤其重要,因此,在组织文字的段落上,应逻辑缜密,清晰围绕一个主题,逐步表达。句式的选择上,也应选择简单,直接的句式。句子和句子之间以及段落与段落之间,应使用必要的连词或短语使句子连贯,内容表达更为简洁,一目了然。试比较:A.

Will you please return the enclosed card and arrange a convenient time for an interview? B. At this time I am writing to you to enclose the postpaid appointment card for the purpose of arranging a convenient time when we might get together for a personal interview. 很明显,A 句要比B句表达清楚得多。

1.3 提供充分的事实、确切的数字、具体的细节等辅助表达方式。例如,The offer is subject to your reply received by us before May 17. 句中“May 17” 表达模糊,没有具体的时间。可改为“before 6 p.m. May 17our time.”

2 谦恭礼貌原则(Courtesy)

礼貌原则不仅仅表现为在语句中刻意加入类似“Please”或“Thanks”等字样,它在很大程度上表现为你是否重视对方观点,尊重对方的愿望和需要。在商务沟通技巧中,彬彬有礼的商务信函往往是贸易双方最主要、最锐利的武器。在商务往来中,难免会有争端、摩擦,此时礼貌的语言就成为化解争端的的润滑剂。谦恭礼貌原则的运用技巧:

2.1 始终保持“对方”的立场(“You”———attitude)。许多人在写作时习惯于从自己的角度出发思考问题。与其他的写作不同,商务英语信函写作强调的是信息沟通的效果,不仅要关心内容的正确与完整,还必须重视对方的反应,只有站在对方的立场上思考和处理问题,才能获得满意的沟通效果。例如:A. We allow you 5% discount for cash payment. B. You can enjoy 5% discount when you pay in cash. 其中B句话让对方对自己所得的利益一目了然,优于A 句。

2.2 使用虚拟语气等方法迂回地表达观点,提出要求。在商务英语信函写作中应时刻重视措辞方式,为了促使公司间的贸易顺利开展,要使用婉转、礼貌使对方更容易接受的语句。例句比较:Please expedite the shipment of our orders as much as possible. 与We shall be much obliged if you will expedite the shipment of our orders as much as possible.前句语气生硬,对方很难接受,不利于交易。后句中使用了虚拟语气和委婉语气,语气自然诚恳、礼貌得体,很容易为对方所接受。

2.3 使用技巧性的表达方式以达到不赞同对方意见的目的。当贸易双方出现不同意见时或纠纷时,应使用技巧性的语言表达,先同意对方的意见,再陈述自己的理由。如此一来,既考虑到对方的意见,又能坚持自己的原则。如:We thank you for your letter of August 8th , but regret very much being unable to accept your terms of payment.( 感谢贵方8 月8 日来函,但遗憾的是我们不能够接受贵方的付款方式。)

2.4 及时回复收到的每一封商务信函。作为一种沟通的重要手段,商务英语信函不仅要注重沟通的效果,也要注重及时迅速地作出回复。因此无论什么时候收到信,都要立即回复以体现礼貌。

3 简洁明了原则(Conciseness)

简洁明了原则是商务英语信函写作中的重要原则,也是现代商务信函的特点。指在不失清楚和礼貌原则基础上,用最简洁的语句表达最完整的意思,避免冗长累赘的词语和句子。简洁明了原则的运用技巧:

3.1 使用缩略语。缩略语是商务英语词汇的重要组成部分,是人们在长期的商务实践过程形成的。使用缩略语能节省字,简洁明了,在商务往来中大量使用。缩略语通常由大写字母表示,如L/C(letter of credit信用证)、B/L(bill of lading 提单)、EAT(estimated arrival time 预计到达时间)、ASAP(as soon as possible 尽快)等等。

3.2 使用短语及非谓语动词等形式代替从句。试比较下面两句话:A.We require furniture which is of the new type. B. We require new-typefurniture.显而易见,B 句话要比A 句话简洁。3.3 避免多余的词语,不必要的重复和多度的细节描述。例如: We have begun to export our machine to countries abroad. 句中,“export”和“countries abroad” 是重复的。可改为We have begun to export our machines.

4 正确完整原则(Correctness)

在商务英语信函写作中,正确原则不仅仅指使用正确的语法结构和标点符号,也指使用得体的语言表达和传递信息的准确。信函的写作实际是公司间展示形象的一个平台,从这个角度去看,信函语言使用的正确与否以及信息传递是否完整直接影响着一个公司的对外形象。试想,有谁会对一篇错误频出,辞不达意的的来信感兴趣?更不用与之进行贸易往来了。正确完整原则的运用技巧:

4.1 使用正确的语法结构和标点符号。用标准的语言和商务专业术语进行恰当表达,使用正确的语法、句法、标点和正确无误的拼写。商务信函中如果存在拼写错误,人称不一致,时态误用、标点符号不符等问题,会大大影响其沟通效果。例如,Neither of the quotations are (is)acceptable. (括号中为正确表达)。

4.2 使用准确的表达方式。避免使用有歧义的表达方式。例如The two first (first two) items are not available. (括号中为正确表达)。

4.3 信息传递要完整。在商务英语信函写作中,完整地把所要表达的意思传递给对方是至关重要的。双方在收到信函之前对对方都是缺乏了解的,他们必须通过对方的信函往来增进相互之间的了解。因此在写作时,通常习惯性的采取一事一段式,一段一句式原则,即在写作之前先确定到底需要告之对方几件事情,然后每一件事各一段,每一段尽量使用一句话的表达方式进行,以便让对方更容易明白你所传达的信息。例如下面一封信:

5 结语

商务英语信函是国际沟通的有效途径之一,良好的英语是写好业务信函的重要基础。同时,避免汉化式的英语,了解西方文化知识背景,关注贸易伙伴的贸易风格等因素都是在进行写作时需要注意的。总之,随着贸易活动形式内容的不断变化,商务英语信函写作也将会随之变化,但是,无论其如何变化,只要掌握了上述写作原则,就定能进行有效的国际沟通交流。

【参考文献】

[1]甘鸿. 外经贸英语函电.上海对外贸易学院,2004(14).

[2]苏根林,黄洁婷.实用商务英语函电.东南大学出版社,2006(1).

[3]庄学艺,周耀宗.外贸业务与函电[M].上海外语教育出版社,1998.

[4]Sorrels, B.D.Business Communication Fundamentals [M].Columbus:C.E. Merrill,1984.

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Dear Mr/Ms, With the demolition of our premises at the above address under a redevelopment scheme, the part of our business carried on there will be discontinued after the end of October. On Monday, 1st October, we are holding a closing-out sale. Stock on hand will be cleared regardless of cost. There will be substantial reductions in all departments and in some cases, prices will be marked down by as much as one half. Stock to be cleared is uivaled in both variety and quality. As the sale is likely to be well attended, we hope you make a point of visiting the store as early as possible during the opening days. Yours faithfully 更改名称和地址Change of name and address Dear Mr. / Ms,

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Building ontrators in Hong Kong and Taian have found our equipment eas to install and attrative in apperane. Naturall all parts are replXXble. and our ation inludes pries of spare parts. We an allo a 2% disount on all orders of US$6,000 in value and overf, and a 3%on orders exeeding US$20,000. An orders ou plae ith us ill be proessed promptl. ours faithfull. Franeso Marani Sales Manager Enl.2 Via S.Lorenzo, 24a Castellon Spain Tel: 560001 Fax 560002 商务英语邮件写作范文2 询价Inquiries atha Business Mahines Import Export Corporation 201X Centur Boulevard Pudong, Shanghai 201X06, China Tel: 59000001 September 5, 20** Universal Softare, In. 2468 Oak Street San Franiso CA94105

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研究生课外作业 课程名称商务英语 研究生姓名 班级MEM 苏州班 学号 任课老师职称副教授 所属学院管理学院 专业工程管理 作业题目商务写作(商务信函)

商务写作(商务信函) Practice: write a letter of complait according to the following ad and handwritten notes.

Dear Director: I am a student of C&S English Center. I am writing to complain about your poor service against your advertisement. In the first place, you promise to have Experienced and highly-qualified teachers, but in fact,the teacher is poor. In addition, you offer the personal placement for our year-long customers, but the test result is not accurate. In the third place, you will arrange the foreign teachers according to our time, but they did not arrive classroom on time. In the fourth place, the Mini-test every month should be extra charged. In the fifth place, English Movie + Culture Teaching become movie viewing only. In the sixth place, nearly 20 students were in my class which are much more than Maximum 10 students. The last one place, we will have a gift with good quality of note book, but finally, we find the quality is very pool. I appreciate it very much if you could improve your service, preferably according to your commitment for the services, and I would like to have this matter settled within two days. It will be nice for you to conduct investigation at your end and reply to us. Yours sincerely,

商务信函中的五W原则-商务英语

商务信函中的五W原则-商务英语【商务邮件】 Dear Sirs, With reference to your letter of April 9, we are pleased to accept your offer of 100 tons of Copper Wire as per your Offer Sheet No.8/070/02B. Please go ahead and apply for your Export License. As soon as we are informed of the number of the Export License we will open the L/C by cable. 关于你们四月九日函,我们高兴地接受你们第8/070/02B号报盘单所报100吨紫色铜丝。请着手办理申请出口许可证。一经接到出口许可证号码的通知,当即电开信用证。对商业信函的"完整"要求 1.一封完整的书信比一封不完整的书信,有更大的可能性带来预期的效果; 2.一封完整的书信,有助于建立和表达友善关系; 3.一封完整的书信,能够避免因为遗漏重要情况(情报)所导致的诉讼(Lawsuit); 4.有时,某些不显眼的书信或文件,因为所提供的情况完整而又生动有力(Complete and Effective)而成为极为重要的文件。 一封信写得是否完整,建议用五个"W"来检验,既:

"Who, What, Where, When 及Why(包括How)" "需要什么商品"(What you want) "何时需要" (When you need the goods) "货物发到何地何人收"(to Whom and Where the goods to be sent) "如何付款"(How payment will be mande) 如对对方的要求作出否定的答复时(如不能报盘,不能理赔等)应说明理由"为什么"(Why)。

六大类英文商务书信范文

六大类英文商务书信范文 1、请求建立商业关系 Rogers Chemical Supply Co. 10E.22Street Omaha8,Neb Gentlemen: We have obtained your name and address from Aristo Shoes, Milan , and we are writing to enquire whether you would be willing to establish business relations with us. We have been importers of shoes for many years. At present, We are interested in extending our, range and would appreciate your catalogues and quotations.If your prices are competitive we would expect to transact a significant volume of business. We look forward to your early reply. Very truly yours 自米兰职权里斯托鞋类公司取得贵公司和地址,特此修函,祈能发展关系。多年来,本公司经营鞋类进口生意,现欲扩展业务范围。盼能惠赐商品目录和报价表。如价格公道,本公司必大额订购。烦请早日赐复。此致 2、回复对方建立商业关系的请求 Thank your for your letter of the 16th of this month. We shall be glad to enter into business relations with your company. In compliance with your request, we are sending you, under separate cover, our latest catalogue and price list covering our export range. Payment should be made by irrevocable and confirmed letter of credit. Should you wish to place an order, please telex or fax us. 本月16日收到有关商务关系的来函,不胜欣喜。谨遵要求另函奉上最新之出口商品目录和报价单。款项烦请以不可撤销保兑之信用状支付。如欲订货,请电传或传真为盼。此致敬礼 3、请求担任独家代理 We would like to inform you that we act on a sole agency basis fora number of manufacturers. We specialize in finished cotton goods for the Middle eastern market: Our activities cover all types of household linen. Until now , we have been working with your textiles department and our collaboration has proved to be mutually beneficial. Please refer to them for any information regarding our company. We are very interested in an exclusive arrangement with your factoryfor the promotion of your products in Bahrain. We look forward to your early reply. ` 本公司担任多家厂家的独家代理,专营精制棉织品,包括各灯家用亚麻制品,行销中东。与贵公司向有业务联系,互利互作。贵公司纺织部亦十分了解有关业务合作之情况。盼望能成为贵公司独家代理,促销在巴林市场的货品。上述建议,烦请早日赐复,以便进一步联系合作。此致敬礼 4、拒绝对方担任独家代理 Thank you for your letter of 1 September suggesting that we grant you a sole agency for our household linens. I regret to say that, at this stage ,such an arrangement would berather premature. We would, however, be willing to engage in a trial collaboration with you company to see how the arrangement works. It would be necessary for you to test the market for our productsat you end. You would also have to build up a much larger turnover tojustify a sole agency. We enclose price lists covering all the products you are interested in and look forward to hearing from you soon 9月1日有关建议担任家用亚麻制品独家代理的来信收悉。谨致衷心谢意。目前时机尚未成熟,不能应允该安排深感抱歉。然而,本公司乐意与贵公司先试行合作,为今后合作打下基础。为证明担任独家代理的能力,贵公司宜上述货品作市场调查,研究是否可扩大现有之营业额。奉上该货品之报价单,敬希查照。专此候复。此致敬礼 5、同意对方担任独家代理 Thank you for your letter of 12 April proposing a sole agency for our office machines. We have examined our long and ,I must say ,mutually beneficial collaboration. We would be very pleased to entrust you with the sole agency for Bahrain. From our records, we are pleased to note that you have two service engineers who took

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