专题十八虚拟语气
重难点分析
虚拟语气是英语中一个较大的语法项目，高考语法填空和短文改错都曾经设过考点，考生应予以重视。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
一、虚拟语气在从句中的用法和构成一览表
二、其他要注意的事项
1. 虚拟语气中出现be的过去式，在口语中，当主语是第一、三人称单数时，可用was，但在if的倒装句中只能用were。如：Were I you, I would apologize to her. 如果我是你的话，我就会去向她道歉。
2. suggest表“暗示、表明”和insist表“坚持认为”时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。如：
Your pale face suggests that you are ill. 你苍白的脸色表明你生病了。
He insisted that he was right. 他坚持认为他是对的。(如insist表“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句则要用虚拟语气)
3. if虚拟语气条件句中如有had, should, were，可省略if，并将这些词提前引起倒装。如：
Were I you, I would remain. 如果我是你，我会留下来。
Had you told me earlier, I wouldn’t have missed it. 如果你早点告诉我，我就不会错过它了。
4. 可用without, but for构成的介词短语代替虚拟语气条件句。如：
But for your help, I would have failed the exam. 如果没有你的帮助，我不会通过考试的。
Without water, there would be no life. 没有水，就没有生命。
5. as if/though, even if/though引导的从句也可以不用虚拟语气，表示真实的情况。如：
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看起来似乎要下雨了。
考点练透
一、单句填空用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. — If he ___________ (warn), he ___________ (not take) that food.
— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ___________ (break).
3. I would rather they ___________ (not hear) of the news.
4. I wish ___________ (have) a room of my won when I was a child.
5. But for the teacher, I ___________ (not change) my attitude to study yet.
6. Without air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ___________ (be) freezing cold, too cold for us to stay.
7. If I had worked harder at school, I ___________ (sit) in a comfortable office now.
8. Her pale face suggested that she ___________ (be) ill, and her colleagues suggested that she ___________ (have) a medical examination.
9. I insisted he ___________ (go) to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___________ (be) wrong with him.
10. He asks that he ___________ (give) an opportunity to explain why he has refused to go there.
11. It is high time we ___________ (get) down to discuss this plan.
12. If it were not for the fact that you ___________ (be) too busy, I would ask you to help me do this right now.
13. Who do you suggest ___________ (send) to work there?
14. I would have come earlier, but I ___________ (not know) that you were waiting for me.
15. If it ___________ (rain) tomorrow, the outing would be cancelled.
16. If there were no air, people ___________ (die).
17. If he ___________ (study) harder, he might pass the exam.
18. If he ___________ (take) my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.
19. We would rather you ___________ (go) here tomorrow.
20. It is high time that you ___________ (go) to pick up your daughter at school.
二、语篇填空用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
I am a middle school student. I have many dreams. If there
have more time to do what I like to do. How I wish I 2 (listen) to my favorite music for an hour a day
the exams. Without good marks, I 9 (will) not enter my ideal university. Anyway, it’s high time that I
三、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What will happen if ice caps melt?The level of the world’s oceans will rise. 1 this is not the real problem, the problem is that these white ice caps reflect sunlight, much of 2 is reflected back into space, in
(extinct) of all living organisms.
●If all the ice melted, north and south pole, Antarctica, Greenland, and all, sea levels would rise 6 175 and 225 feet.
●Coastal areas would essentially disappear, and roughly a third of the earth’s existing l andmass (大陆) 7 (flood). I t is estimated that 60% of the world’s population lives in the coastal plains.
●Many inland areas would be affected as well, 8 water tables, rivers, and lakes would all rise 9 their previous heights.
●The animals that l ive in the cold (polar bears, penguins and arctic foxes) will become endangered.
Most important of all, there are many other 10 (predict) bad results human may be faced with. Are you afraid of that now?
助读词汇
reflector n. 反射物absorb vt. 吸收
essentially adv. 基本上roughly adv.粗略地
plain n. 平原in turn 转而
be up to 达到living organism 生物体
north and south pole 北极和南极coastal area 沿海地区
It is es timated that… 据估计……arctic fox 北极狐
参考答案
考点练透
一、单句填空
1. had been warned; wouldn’t have taken
2. were broken
3. hadn’t heard
4. had had
5. wouldn’t have changed
6. would be
7. would be sitting
8. was; (should) have
9. (should) go; was 10. (should) be give 11. got 12. are 13. be sent 14. didn’t know 15. should/were to rain 16. would die 17. studied 18. had taken 19. went 20. went
二、语篇填空
1. were
2. listened
3. played
4. (should) hold
5. (should) organize
6. (should) be
7. would
8. realized / should realize / were to realize
9. would 10. encouraged
三、语法填空
如果地球上的冰帽都融化的话，会发生什么？
1. But 根据上文和空后的this is not the real problem可知填But。注意首字母要大写。
词是sunlight，故填which。
3. cooling 分析句子成分知道，动词cool在此是非谓语，与逻辑主语sunlight是主动关系，故填cooling 作结果状语。
5. extinction 作宾语用名词形式。
6. between 根据空后的…175 and 225 feet可知。between…and…意为“在……和……之间”。
7. would be flooded 根据前面的If all the ice melted和本段前面的Coastal areas would essentially disappear可知，此处是个虚拟语气，且动词flood 与逻辑主语landmass存在被动关系。故填would be flooded。
heights.是个原因。故填as/because。
9. from 句意：从它们以前的高度。
10. unpredictable 语法角度：形容词修饰名词。句意角度：最重要的是，有很多其他人类可能会面临的不可预测的糟糕结果。故填unpredictable最合适。
高中英语语法虚拟语气 教学设计 集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]
高中英语语法虚拟语气教学：The subjunctive mood 厦门第十中学吕瑞珠 一、概述 本节课是高中英语语法教学课，授课内容为虚拟语气，授课对象是高三年学生。从呈现、加深记忆、巩固到实践并将语言项目运用于写作中并做适当的点评，大概需要两课时。但我这里着重阐述的是第一课时的教学内容、教学策略等。 通过本节语法教学课的学习，学生重新整合自己的有关虚拟语气的知识，复习已知的虚拟语气的表达形式如：I wish I could fly freely in the sky like a bird; It is high that you got up.等等，并学习新的表达形式如：The English teacher suggested that we should read the English newspaper every day; I would have passed the English exam if I had worker harder in the past 20 days.最为重要的是，学生在学习完虚拟语气的表达形式后，要在写作中运用。 虚拟语气在高中英语语法的难点之一，多数学生感到费解，因此也更需要老师的指导与相应的实践与运用，并且较好地掌握虚拟语气的表达形式，有助于扫除学生阅读过程中对个别句子的理解。 二、教学目标分析 1．知识与技能 1）复习学生已掌握的虚拟语气表达的句型： I wish I were… / I could … It is high time that you did your homework.. If I were you, I would… 2) 学习虚拟语气新的表达方式，尤其是if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，掌握与现在事实、与过去事实、与将来事实相反的三种虚拟语气的表达，特别是主句与从句时态的呈现；还有引导出的宾语从句需要运用虚拟语气的动词，如suggest, insist, propose, demand and so on. 3）培养学生运用所学知识表达自己的思想的能力。 2．过程与方法 1）引导学生在欣赏英文歌曲An Angel的情景教学过程中，开启对虚拟语气表达已有的知识记忆。
2019年高考英语语法 填空汇编
精品文档 2019年高考英语语法填空汇编 （一）2019年全国1卷 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Ci r cle and some big land masses a s f ar south as N ewf oundland. Wh i le they a r e ra re nor t h o f 88°,there is evi denc e 61 t h e y range all the w a y across t h e Arc t ic,and as far s o uth as J a m es Bay in Ca na da.It is di f ficu l t t o f i g ure o u t a g lob a l popula t ion of polar bears as much of the r a n ge has be e n 62 (poor) s t udie d; h owever, biolo g ists calc ul ate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Mo de m m eth o ds 63 t racking pol a r be ar popula t ions have b ee n e m ployed on l y s ince the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (per fo r m) consistent l y over a large area. In r e cent yea r s some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (r epor t) increases in bear sightings ar ound hum a n se ttl ements,l ea ding to a 66 (b elieve) that populations are i n c r easing.Scientists have re s ponded by 67 (n ote) that hung r y bea r s may be cong r eg at ing(聚集) aroun d h u man s ett le m en t s, lea ding to t he i l lusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) t ha n they actually are.O f 69 ninet e en recognized polar bear subpopulations, thre e are d e cli ning,six 70 (be) stable, one is incr e asing, and nine lack enough dat a. （二）2019年全国2卷 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for 61 （be） Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63 （final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene 64 （declare）she had no plans 65 （retire） from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解 【知识要点】 语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语有三种语气： ＊直陈语气（indicative mood）---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. ＊祈使语气（imperative mood）---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. ＊虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 假设类型条件从句谓语 动词形式 主语谓语 动词形式 与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形 与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词 与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1）If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night． 2）If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would recover already．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did，had，should 移到句 首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。 1）Had we time to spare，we would be glad to go to the park． 2）Were it not for the discovery of electricity，the modern world would experience great inconvenience． 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without， but for等）引出的短语、分词 （如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1）But for your advice，I would not be able to do this work． 2）Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened，otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark．。
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。否定句时not留在原来位置不变。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars)
虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注： 虚拟语气，条件状从倒装 状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.（表示可能性小）
高考英语虚拟语气的用 法总结 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高考英语虚拟语气的用法总结 语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 语气的种类： （1）陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的，确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句，疑问句和某些感叹句。如 We are ready. What a fine day it is! （2）祈使语气表示说话人的建议，请求，邀请，命令等。如 Open the door, Please. 应注意以下几点： 1.主语通常是第二人称you，但多不出现，动词用原形，否定用do not 或者don’t 加动词原形（或be） 如 Be careful next time. Don’t smoke here. 2.有时为了强调，主语也可以出现，而且可以是第三人称，谓语动词不加-s或者-es 如You be quiet. He stand up. 3.祈使语气可以用do加强语气如 Do come to see this Sunday. 4.在Let’s 的祈使句后，疑问部分通常用shall we；在Let us后，疑问部分用will you 如 Let’s go out for a walk after supper，shall we /Let us clean our classroom, will you 5. 6.祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句，而and之后则是表示结果。如Think hard and you will have a good idea. （3）虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如 If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中， If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如：
高考英语虚拟语气的用法总结 语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 语气的种类： （1）陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的，确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句，疑问句和某些感叹句。如We are ready. What a fine day it is! （2）祈使语气表示说话人的建议，请求，邀请，命令等。如Open the door, Please. 应注意以下几点： 1.主语通常是第二人称you，但多不出现，动词用原形，否定用do not 或者don’t 加动词原形（或be） 如Be careful next time. Don’t smoke here. 2.有时为了强调，主语也可以出现，而且可以是第三人称，谓语动词不加-s或者-es 如You be quiet. He stand up. 3.祈使语气可以用do加强语气如Do come to see this Sunday. 4.在Let’s 的祈使句后，疑问部分通常用shall we；在Let us后，疑问部分用will you 如Let’s go out for a walk after supper，shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you? 5.祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句，而and之后则是表示结果。如Think hard and you will have a good idea. （3）虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟 例如：If he were here, everything would be all right. If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如：
高考英语专题【语法填空】限时训练汇编02语法填空答题技巧点拨
提 示 词 为 动 词 高考英语专题【语法填空】限时训练题02 （请在30分钟内完成） 语法填空（共10小题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。 A In human history，many ancient and splendid civilizations were born and died. China is the only country ____1____ uninterrupted human civilization. Chinese civilization was born on the shores of the Yellow R iver. And the rich land ____2____ Chinese civilization began is Henan Province. The Yellow River goes across ____3____ (center) Henan. It is China's main north-to-south and east-to-west artery(干线)．China's most ancient tribal ____4____(lead)，the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor，were born here. Even today，Chinese people all over the world still ____5____(proud) call themselves the descendants(后裔) of these two emperors. The river holds ____6____ unshakable position in the heart of every Chinese，____7____(respect) by every generation and called “the Mother River”．With intelligence，hard word and determination，Chinese descendants pursue coexistence and common prosperity on this land. The 5464-km-long Yellow River breaks the last barrier and flows into the broad plain，____8____ (form) the cradle(摇篮) of Chinese civilization. Till now，the Yellow River ____9____(raise)13 dynasties' capital Luoyang，8 dynasties'
2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习语法部分虚拟语气 表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 虚拟语气在if条件从句中的使用 【观察】 If I were you, I would go to bed early tonight. 如果我是你，我今晚就会早点睡。If you took the bus, you would be late for the film. 如果你坐公车去看电影，那么你就会迟到。 If Jack had scored that goal, we would have won the football match. 如果杰克射进了那个球，我们就会赢得那场足球比赛。 If she hadn’t come, I might have been in trouble. 如果她没来，我可能已陷入困境了。 I could help you if you had difficulty in doing your homework. 如果你做作业有困难，我会帮助你的。 If it were to rain tomorrow, they would not go out. 如果明天下雨的话，他们就不会出去。 【归纳】 注意：若从句中的谓语动词是be动词的话，一律用were。 【实践】 1.If he my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 2. 翻译：如果我有足够的钱，我会周游世界。 If I had enough money, I would travel around the world. 翻译：如果明天见到他，我会邀请他到我家。 If I should see / were to see / saw him tomorrow, I would invite him to my house. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句时，可以转换成下列形式： （1）省略if, 用“were, had, should + 主语”。如： Were she my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad. 如果她是我女儿，我就不让她出国学习了。 Had I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded. 如果我当时努力学习的话，我肯定会成功的。 Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come. 如果明天有会议，我会来。 （2）含蓄条件句。虚拟语气句中不出现if 条件句，而是用介词、介词短语或连词通过上下文表现出来，这时须根据句子的含义判定是用虚拟现在式还是虚拟过去式。常见短语有：but for, without, otherwise, or 等。如：
高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气 1. 语气的定义和种类 （1）语气的定义 语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 （2）语气的种类 A. 陈述语气 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 We are not ready. Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day today！ B. 祈使语气 表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。 Be careful. Don’t forget to clo se the window. Open the door, please. C. 虚拟语气 表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 2. 虚拟语气 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。如： If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。 如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 （事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 （事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。） 2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+ have ＋过去分词。 如：She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.
虚拟语气 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive) 你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到) Subjunctive Mood作为专门表达假设意义和其他非事实意义的动词形式，仅是古英语遗留下来的残余。它仅有两个形式，即be型虚拟式和were型虚拟式。 Be型虚拟]----- be型虚拟式是以动词原形表示的，不管主语是什么人称，动词一律用原形，如动词为被动态，则助动词be也用原形。其主要用法如下： 1)用于表命令、决定、建议、坚持等词语之后的that分句中 这一用法又分三种情况： a)用在 decide,decree,demand,insist,move,order,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require, suggest,vote等动词之后的that分句中.（宾语从句） 在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中，我们经常用“should＋动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等。 He ordered that all the books be sent at once. He ordered that all the books be sent at once. we propose that somebody neutral take the chair. She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday. b)用在 advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,nece ssary,obligatory,proper等形容词之后的that分句中。（主语从句） It is essential that all the facts be examined first. It was appropriate that thisi tax be abolished. I thousht it advisable that an armed guard stand in readiness. c)用在 decision,decree,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution等名词之后的that分句中。 The board has given instructions that the agent fly to Boston. We were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. Their decision was that the school remain closed. 在这一用法中be型虚拟式能与“should+不定式”交替使用，也能与to-不定式交替使用。 He ordered that the books be sent at once . = He ordered that the books should be sent at onc. = He ordered that the books to be sent at once. 2）用于由if,though等引导的分句中.
高考英语虚拟语气知识点易错题汇编(1) 一、选择题 1．Look at the trouble you are in！_______your parents’ advice. A．If only you would have followed B．If only you followed C．If only you would follow D．If only you had followed 2．-You came second in the running race. Congratulations! -Thanks. But practising more, I _______ a different result. A．might get B．may get C．may have got D．might have got 3．You can download it and rewrite your report using your own words you acknowledge where you got your information by attaching a list of websites you got your information from. A．should B．may C．would D．could 4．If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ. A．was not; would die B．were not; would have died C．had not been; would died D．had not been; would have died 5．Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms, without which our life _____ so colorful nowadays. A．won’t be B．hadn’t been C．wouldn’t be D．can’t be 6．The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on. A．shall B．should C．can D．may 7．With the help of the detective Sam, Justin was found, so Justin's mother insisted an amount of money as a reward. A．to give B．on his giving C．he was given D．he be given 8．louder, all the students would hear. A．If the teacher had spoken B．If the teacher will speak C．Had the teacher spoken D．If the teacher spoke 9．It is time that we ________ a decision on how to approach this problem. A．make B．made C．to make D．will make 10．It’s high time that we against spreading false information on the Internet. A．will fight B．fought C．would fight D．fight 11．I can’t thank you more, Tony. But for your timely warning, I into great trouble yesterday. A．had got B．got C．would have got D．would get 12．_____, the student insisted that he _____ separated from his desk mate, who is very naughty. A．To avoid being affected; be B．To avoid to be affected; would be C．Avoid being affected; should be D．Avoiding to be affected; be 13．－Where are the children? The school bus is leaving.
2019年高三一模语法填空汇编 1.上海市黄浦区2019年高三英语一模语法新题型 Just How Buggy is Your Phone? What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If you say 21. __________ toilet seat, you’re wrong. Kitchen sponges top the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean them. In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the theft before 22. __________ (die) from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms and finally 23. __________ (confess) to the crime. 24. __________ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do you see some dirty mars? “That's all you,” says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-Marcell. “That’s biological information.” It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from 25. __________ of your friends and family. They’re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Someday in the future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中
①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。如：If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元，你会做什么？ We couldn?t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we
虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood,又称假设语气,是谓语动词的一种形式,表示说话人叙述的内容与事实相反,在现实中并不存在,或实现的可能性很小。 一、动词的语气 语气用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。英语中的语气(mood有三种,分别是陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 1.陈述语气 陈述语气一般用来叙述事实或就事实提出询问,主要用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 Where there is a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。 Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗? How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊! 2.祈使语气 祈使语气表示说话人向对方提出请求或下达命令。 Come this way,please! 请这边走。 Don't make any noise, will you 别吵,行吗? Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。 3.虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。 May good luck be yours! 祝你好运! 二、条件句中的虚拟语气 英语中条件从句有两类,一类是真实条件句,另一类是非真实条件句。如果假设的情况可能发生,是真实条件句;如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。 A.真实条件句 真实条件句表示的假设是可能发生或实现的,主句和从句的谓语动词都要用陈述语气。 If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来,我们就不等他了。 If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property.过去发生洪水的话,常有很大的生命和财产损失。 We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨,我们将去那里。 I'll let you use my bike on condition that you keep it clean. 如果你能保持车子干净,我就让你用我的自行车。 B.非真实条件句 在含有非真实条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气,其构成有三种形式: 与现在事实相反if条件句的谓语:were did