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外研英语选修6
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Module 1 Small Talk
How Good Are Your Social Skills?
Have you ever crossed the road to avoid talking to someone you recognize? Would you love to go to a party and talk confidently to every guest? Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don’t know? And are you nervous about the idea of being at a social event in another country? Don’t worry – we can help you!
You needn’t worry about situations like these if you have good social skills. And they are easy to learn. People with good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversation. It helps if you do a little advance planning.
Here are a few ideas to help you.
Learn how to do small talk.
Small talk is very important and prepares you for more serious conversations. Be prepared! Have some low-risk conversation openers ready. For example:
Think of a recent news story – not to serious, e.g. a story about a film star or sports star.
Think of things to tell people about your studies.
Think of “safe” things you can ask people’s opinions about – music, sport, films, etc.
Think of topics that you would avoid if you were talking to strangers – and avoid talking about them! That way, you don’t damage your confidence!
Develop your listening skills
Listening is a skill which most people lack, but communication is a two-way process – it involves speaking AND listening. Always remember –you won’t impress people if you talk too much. Here are some ideas to make you a better listener:
DO
Show that you are listening by using encouraging noises and gestures – smiling, nod ding, saying “uh-huh” and “OK”, etc.
Keep good eye contact
Use positive body language
Ask for more information to show your interest
DON’T
Look at your watch
Yawn
Sign
Look away from the person who’s talking to you
Change the subject
Finish other people’s sentences for them
Always remember the words of Benjamin Disraeli, British Prime Minister in the 19th century: “Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours!”
Learn the rules
If you go to a social occasion in another country, remember that social rules can be different. In some countries, for example, you have to arrive on time at a party; in other countries, you don’t need to. In addition, you need to know how long you should stay, and when you have to leave. Some
hosts expect flowers or a small gift, but in other places, you can take things, but you needn’t if you don’t want t. remember also that in some countries, you mustn’t take flowers of a certain colour, because they’re unlucky. In most places, you don’t have to take a gift to a party – but find our first!
The Wrong Kind of Small Talk
Esther Greenbaum was a saleswoman for a firm of fax machines
and business supplies. But she was also the most outspoken human being in the world – well, Westchester County, at least.
Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it.”
Esther Greenbaum’s major shortcoming was that she had a complete absence of small talk. No, that’ not quite true. She had small talk, but it was the wrong kind. In fact, she had never learnt the basic rules of social communication, and as a consequence, she made systematic mistakes every time she opened her mouth. It was no coincidence either that she wasn’t a very good saleswoman.
One day during a meeting, Esther was introduced to an important customer, a mature woman.
“Nice to meet you,” she said. “How old are you?” The customer looked awkward.
“Forty? Forty-five?” said Esther. “You kook much older. And your friend … she’s older than you, but she looks much younger!”
On another occasion, Esther teased a typist, “Hey! When’s your baby due?”
The typist went red and contradicted Esthe r. “Actually, I’m not pregnant,” she said.
“Oh, sorry,” said Esther without any apology. “Just putting on a little weight, huh?”
Esther was never cautious about other people’s feelings. One of her acquaintances, a salesman in the firm, was going through a very messy divorce and was very depressed. She tried to cheer him up.
“Forget her! She was a complete fool. No one liked her anyway.”
Much of the time, Esther said the first thing to come into her head. One day at work, a clerk came into the office with a new hairstyle.
“Nice haircut,” said Esther. “How much did it cost?”
The woman replied, “I’d rather not say.”
Esther replied, “Well, anyhow, either you paid too much or you paid too little.”
She met a very famous writ er once. “Hey, what a coincidence!” she said. “You’re writing a book and I’m reading one!”
The trouble with Esther was she said what she thought, and didn’t think about what she said. A young man was trying to modest about his new job many miles away.
“I guess the company chose me so they’d get some peace
in the office,” he smiled.
“No, I guess they chose you to discourage you from spending your whole career with us,” Esther replied sweetly.
Once, Esther went to a brunch party to meet some old school friends on the anniversary of their graduation. She greeted the hostess.
“Do you remember that guy you were dating? What happened to him?” she asked. “You know, the ugly one.”
At the moment, a man came up and stood by her friend. “Esther, I’d like you to meet my husband,” she said, “Charles, this is…”
Esther interrupted her, “Hey, so you married him!”
Making Friends in the USA
In the USA, conversation is less lively than in many other cultures, where everyone talks at the same time. When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen, no matter how dull the person’s speaking may be.
If you’re not sure what to talk about, you can ask what people do. We’re defined by our jobs and we’re usually happy to talk about them, unless y ou’re spy!
Some people say that Americans talk about their feelings more than Asians, but are more secretive about factual matters. You can safely ask questions about families, where you come
from, leisure interests, as well as the latest movies. We’r e interested in people’s ethnic background too. But it’s best to avoid politics, religion and other sensitive topics.
A highly personal conversation can take place after a very short period of knowing someone, but this doesn’t mean that you’re close f riends, or the relationship is very deep. But a lot of people are very friendly and hospitable, and the famous invitation “If you’re ever in Minneapolis / San Diego / Poughkeepsie, do call by and see us!” is never made without a genuine desire to meet again.
But while few Americans will worry about the questions you may ask, particularly if you clearly show you’re aware of cultural differences, they may hesitate before they ask you similar questions. In fact, it’s a sign that they don’t wish to violate your private life. So, many Americans will talk about safe topics because they don’t dare to be too curious or personal, but will happily talk about more private matters if you take the lead.
Generally we dislike arguments, and we avoid topics which lead to disagreement. It’s easy to return to discussing the weather: “Do you like the USA?” How do you like the weather?” or making compliments: ”What lovely flowers and
what a beautiful vase!” “That’s fabulous dress you’re wearing.” You should accept comp liments graciously and say “Thank you!”
There are a couple of dangerous topics of conversation: age and money. Age is not treated as something very special, unless someone is very old: “Isn’t she wonderful for her
age!” and there are no special rules or signs of extra respect for elderly people. Anyway, Americans always want to look younger than they really are, so don’t expect an accurate
reply!
Income is a very private matter, and you’d do well to avoid asking how much people earn, although some people may not only be open about it, but show off their wealth. We don’t ask how much things cost, either.
But what we don’t like is silence, and almost anything is better than the embarrassment for a quiet party and silent guests.
The AAA
It is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk. A very important function of small talk is to establish a relationship between people who don’t know each other very well, or don’t know each other at all.
Psychologists say that the most successful formula for small talk between people like this is the AAA model. AAA = answer, add and ask. This is how it works.
Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room, or the café or party, etc. the first person asks a question:
A: Do you live near here?
The second person replies by answering the question, adding some extra information and then asking another question: B: (Answer) Yes, I do.
(Add) In an apartment on Brown Street.
(Ask) Do you live nearby too?
The first person does the same, answer, add and ask:
A: (Answer) No, I live in Bristol.
(Add) I’m just visiting London.
(Ask) Have you lived here long?
B: (Answer) Not so long.
(Add) I moved here three years ago.
(Ask) What’s the purpose of you visit to London?
The speakers may have difficulty at first, but they soon realize that the important thing is that they are saying something. By continuing with the AAA model, the conversation
continues. Because the thing they both want to avoid is an embarrassing silence.
The conversation can continue in this way for a long time. However, something can happen that completely changes the atmosphere.
B: Why do you live in Bristol?
A: I’m studying there. History. Are you a student?
B: Yes. And I know some people who are studying at Bristol. Do you know a girl called Helen Brown?
A: Helen Brown? Yes! She’s on of my bes t friends! How do you know her?
B: She’s my cousin.
At this point, the AAA model stops. Because they used this very useful technique, they found something they have in common at last.
Module 2 Fantasy Literature
The Cat That Vanished
Will was stupefied with exhaustion, and he might have gone on
to the north, or he might have laid his head on the grass under one of those trees and slept; but as he stood trying to clear
his head, he saw a cat.
She was a tabby, like Moxie. She padded out of a garden on the Oxford side of the road, where Will was standing. Will put down his shopping bag and held out his hand, and the cat came up to rub her head against his knuckles, just as Moxie did. Of course, every cat behaved like that, but all the same Will felt such a longing to turn for home that tears scalded his eyes.
Eventually this cat turned away. This was night, and there was a territory to patrol, there were mice to hunt. She padded across the road and towards the bushes just beyond the hornbeam trees, and there she stopped. Will still watching, saw the cat behave curiously. She reached out a paw to pat something in the air in front of her, something quite invisible to Will. Then she leapt backwards, back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly. Will knew cat-behaviour. He watched more alertly as the cat approached the spot again, just an empty patch of grass between the hornbeams and the bushes of a garden hedge, and patted the air once more.
Again she leapt back, but less far and with less alarm
this time. After another few seconds of sniffing, touching, whisker-twitching, curiosity overcame wariness.
The cat stepped forward, and vanished.
Will blinked. Then he stood still, close to the trunk of the nearest tree, as a truck came round the circle and swept
its lights over him. When it had gone past he crossed the road, keeping his eyes on the spot where the cat had been investigating. It wasn’t easy, because there was nothing to
fix on, but when he came to the place and cast about to look closely, he saw it.
At least, he saw it from some angles. It looked as if someone had cut a patch out of the air, about two metres from the edge of the road, a patch roughly square in shape and less than a metre across. If you were level with the patch so that it was edge-on, it was nearlyinvisible, and it was completely invisible from behind. You could only see it from the side nearest the road, and you couldn’t see it easily even from there, because all you could see through it was exactly the same kind of thing that lay in front of it on this side: a patch of grass lit by a street light.
But Will knew without the slightest doubt that that patch of grass on the other side was in a different world. He couldn’t possibly have said why. H e knew it at once, as strongly as he knew that fire burned and kindness was good. He was looking at something profoundly alien.
And for that reason alone, it enticed him to stoopp and
look further. What he saw made his head swim and his heart
thump h arder, but he didn’t hesitate: he pushed his shopping bag through, and then scrambled through himself, through the
hole in the fabric of this world and into another.
He found himself standing under a row of trees. But not hornbeam trees: these were tall palms, and they were growing,
like the trees in Oxford, in a line along the grass. But his
was the centre of a broad boulevard, and at the side of the boulevard was a line of cafes and small shops, all brightly lit, all open, and all utterly silent and empty beneath a sky thick with stars. The hot night was laden with the scent of flowers and with the salt smell of the sea.
Will looked around carefully. Behind him the full moon
sone down over a distant prospect of great green hills, and on the slopes at the foot of the hills there ere houses with rich gardens and an open parkland with groves of trees and the white gleam of a classical temple.
Just beside him was that bare patch in the air, as hard to see from this side as from the other, but definitely there. He bent to look through and saw the road in Oxford, his own world. The turned away with a shudder: whatever this new world was, it
had to be better than what he’d just left. With a dawning
light-headedness, the feeling that he was dreaming but awake at the same time, he stood up and looked around for the cat, his guide.
The Story of J.K. Rowling and Harry Potter
The elder stateswoman of British fantasy literature is J.K. Rowling, the gifted creator of Harry Potter. Joanne Rowling’s roots are in the southwest of England, where she grew up. But the idea for Harry Potter came to her while she was on a delayed train between Manchester and London. She wrote down her ideas on the back of an envelope. She then went to teach English in Portugal, where she continued to add flesh to the bones of the first Harry Potter story. But her name is forever associated with Edinburgh in Scotland, where she lived and developed the format for the whole series of seven books.
There are many anecdotes about how, in 1990, J.K. Rowling began the first draft of Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone. She had the extra burden of looking after her baby daughter while she worked, and because she was too poor to own a typewriter, she wrote by hand. She spent many hours over a single cup of coffee in a warm cafeteria in Edinburgh because she had no money to pay for the heating at home.
Success was not swift and Rowling might have given up. But she was stubborn and overcame all the difficulties. It was only in 1997 that she completed the first Harry Potter story, which, because the publishers in the USA requested an adjustment to the titl e, was also known as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone.
Rowling always intended that her output would be a book every year until she had finished the series. In fact, it took her about ten years to complete. But after the first book, the success of each of the following titles was automatic. The
fifth book, The Order of the Phoenix sold about seven million copies the day it was published.
Rowling’s style has been a target for some criticism, but what makes the books so important is that, because they appeal to readers of all ages, they create a special literary bond between parents and children. In an age of computer games and television programmes, it is also claimed they are responsible for a renewed interest in reading. Harry Potter has even become part of the school curriculum, much to the pleasure of the schoolchildren.
And the Harry Potter effect is not just restricted to the English-speaking world. Rowling’s books have been translated
into more than 55 languages, and it has been estimated thath more than 250 million copies have been distributed around the world. In 2005 it was estimated that Rowling had accumulated more than one billion dollars on deposit in her bank. She has thus attained the status of being the first writer to become a billionaire.
Introduction
land of Narnia where she and her two brothers and sister meet
the White Witch. They also meet Aslan, the lion, who is the
only one who can defeat the Witch and restore summer to Narnia. With Aslan, the children learn to be brave and to forgive. They learn great sorrow and happiness, and finally they learn wisdom. Their time in Narnia is the great adventure that every child dreams of.
Extract from The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe
And then she saw that there was a light ahead of her; not a few inches away where the back of the wardrobe ought to have been, but a long way off. Something cold and soft was falling on her.
A moment later she found that she was standing in the middle of a wood at nighttime with snow under her feet and snowflakes falling through the air.
Lucy felt a little frightened, but she felt very
inquisitive and excited as well. She looked back over her shoulder and there, between the dark tree trunks, she could
still see the open doorway of the wardrobe and even catch a glimpse of the empty room from which she had set out. (She had, of course, left the door open, for she knew that it was a very silly thing to shut oneself into a wardrobe.) It seemed to be still daylight there. “I can always get back if anything goes wrong,” thought Lucy. She began to walk forward, crunch-crunch over the snow and through the wood towards the other light. In about ten minutes she reached it and found it was a lamppost. As she stood looking at it, wondering why there was a lamppost in the middle of a wood, and wondering what to do next, she heard the pitter-patter of feet coming towards her. And soon after that a very strange person stepped out from among the trees in to the light of the lamppost.
He was only a little taller than Lucy herself and carried over his head an umbrella, white with snow. From the waist upwars he was like a man, but his legs were shaped like a goat’s (the hair on them was glossy black) and instead of feet he had goat’s hoofs. He also had a tail, but Lucy did not notice this at first because it was so neatly caught up over
the arm that held the umbrella so as to keep it from trailing
in the snow. He had a red woolen muffler round his neck and his skin was rather reddish too. He had a strange, but pleasant
little face, with a short pointed beard and curly hair, and out of the hair there stuck two horns, one on each side of his forehead. One of his hands, as I have said, held the umbrella;
in the other arm he carried several brown-paper parcels. With
the parcels and the snow it looked just as if he had been doing his Christmas shopping. He was a Faun. And when he saw Lucy he gave such a start of surprise that he dropped all his parcels.
“Goodness gracious me!” exclaimed the Faun.
The Lord of the Rings
In The Lord of the Rings, a wicked wizard called Sauron, who has great magical powers, has created nine rings. Any creature who possesses one of these rings has great power. But Sauron has created one ring – the Ring – that can control all of these rings. The person who has this ring controls the whole of Middle Earth.
Fortunately, this ring has been lost for hundreds of years. But then it is discovered by a hobbit. Sauron, realiseng that
the Ring has been found, sends his creatures to get it back. If he finds the Ring, Sauron will rule Middle Earth and it will
become a place of darkness and fear. Gandalf, a good wizard, realizes that in order to save Middle Earth, the Ring must be destroyed. To do this, someone must take the Ring into Sauron’s kingdom. There, they must destroy the Ring in the fires that created it. The three books tell the story of the journey to destroy the Ring. In the last book of the trilogy there is a terrible war between Sauron and his creatures, and those who want to save Middle Earth.
Many people believe that The Load of the Rings is the best twentieth century novel in English. Of course, there are always those who do not enjoy reading fantasy novels. But if you do, then this is one story you should definitely read.
Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships – Friendship
Roy’s Story
I remember the first time I met Roy. He was standing in the centre of a group of boys, and he was telling a joke. When he reached the final line, everyone burst out laughing. Roy laughed too. A loud happy laugh. “Popular boy,” I thought to myself. My name is Daniel. I was from the north of England, but my father had been offered a better job in London, and our whole family had moved there. I was twelve and, having lost all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at my new school.
人教版新课标高中英语选修7课文原文 Unit 1 Living well-Reading MARTY’S STORY Hi, my name is Marry Fielding and I guess you could say that I am "one in a million". In other words, there are not many people like me. You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I can't run or climb stairs as quickly as other people. In addition, sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture. Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. My motto is: live One day at a time. Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup. Then I started to get weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium. In the end I went into hospital for medical tests. I stayed there for nearly three months. I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds. One problem is that I don't look any different from other people. So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh, when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs. Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an absence, I felt stupid because I was behind the others. My life is a lot easier at high school because my fellow students have accepted me. The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them. All in all I have a good life. I am happy to have found many things I can do, like writing and computer programming. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. Last year invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets. I have two rabbits, a parrot, a tank full of fish and a tortoise. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile. I also have to do a lot of work, especially if I have been away for a while. In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent. I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it. If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying. So don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them, and don't ignore them either. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as
人教版英语选修六课文翻译 Unit 1 A Short History Western Painting 西方绘画艺术简史 西方艺术风格变化较大，而中国艺术风格变化较小。人们的生活方式和信仰影响了艺术。中国和欧洲不同，生活方式在长时间里相似。西方艺术丰富多彩，仅凭一篇短短的课文难以描述全面。所以，本篇课文仅描述了从公元5世纪开始的几种主要风格。 中世纪（公元5 世纪到15 世纪） 在中世纪，画家的主要任务是表现宗教主题。艺术家们并没有把兴趣放在呈现人和自然的真实面貌上，而是着力于体现对上帝的爱戴和敬重。因此，这段时期的绘画充满着宗教的信条。到13 世纪时，情况已经开始发生变化，像乔托这样的画家以比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。 文艺复兴时期(15 世纪到16 世纪) 在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观取代了中世纪的那一套，人们开始更关心人而不是宗教。画家们回到了罗马、希腊的艺术理论上。他们尽力地画出人和自然的真实面貌。富人们想为自己的宫殿和豪宅收藏艺术品，他们高价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画画，画自己的房屋和其他财物，画他们的活动，画他们的成就。在这个阶段，最重要的发现之一是如何用透视法来画出事物的形象。在1428 年，马萨乔成为第一个在绘画中使用透视方法的人，当人们第一次看到他的画
时，还以为是透过墙上的小孔，来观看真实的情景，并对此深信不疑。如果没有透视法，人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画，在文艺复兴时期，油画也得到了发展，它使得色彩看上去更丰富，更深沉。 印象派时期(19 世纪后期到20世纪初期) 19 世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁入城市。有着大量的新发明，还有许多社会变革。这些变革也自然而然地导致了绘画风格上的变化。那些打破传统画法的人有在巴黎生活和工作的印象派画家。 印象派画家是第一批室外写生的艺术家。他们想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影画出来。由于自然光的变化很快，所以，印象派画家必须很快地作画。因此，他们的画就不像以前那些画家的画那样细致了，起初，多数人都看不惯这种新式画法，甚至还非常生气。他们说这些画家作画时心不在焉，粗枝大叶，他们的作品更是荒唐。 现代艺术(20 世纪至今) 在印象派作品的创建初期，他们存在争议。但是，现在已经被人们接受，并且成为现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖。如今，现代艺术已有几十多种，如果没有印象派艺术，也就没有那么多不同的风格，印象派画家帮助艺术家们用新的方法来观察环境和艺术。有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们的眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中体现某些物体的某些品质和特征，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品太逼真了，
1.Unit1 MARTYS STORY Hi, my name is Marty Fielding and I guess you could say that I am "one in a million".In other words, there are not many people like me. You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I can't run or climb stairs as quickly as other people. In addition, sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture. Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. My motto is: live one day at a time. Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup. Then I started to get weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium. In the end I went into hospital for medical tests. I stayed there for nearly three months. I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope. , Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds. One problem is that I don't look any different from other people. So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh, when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs. Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an absence, I felt stupid because I was behind the others. My life is a lot easier at high school because my fellow students have accepted me. The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them. All in all I have a good life. I am happy to have found many things I can do, like writing and computer programming. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets. I have two rabbits, a parrot, a tank full of fish and a tortoise. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile. I also have to do a lot of work, especially if I have been away for a while. In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more
AN EXCITING JOB I have the greatest job in the world. I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes in an office, sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored. Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don't mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces on earth - the volcano. I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian V olcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago. My job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea, which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. Our work has saved many lives because people in the path of the lava can be warned to leave their houses. Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground. When boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes less damage than you might imagine. This is because no one lives near the top of Mount Kilauea, where the rocks fall. The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it
Unit 1 Living well-Reading MARTY’S STORY Hi, my name is Marry Fielding and I guess you could say that I am "one in a million". In other words, there are not many people like me. You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I can't run or climb stairs as quickly as other people. In addition, sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture. Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. My motto is: live One day at a time. Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup. Then I started to get weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium. In the end I went into hospital for medical tests. I stayed there for nearly three months. I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds. One problem is that I don't look any different from other people. So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh, when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs. Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an absence, I felt stupid because I was behind the others. My life is a lot easier at high school because my fellow students have accepted me. The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them. All in all I have a good life. I am happy to have found many things I can do, like writing and computer programming. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up. Last year invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets. I have two rabbits, a parrot, a tank full of fish and a tortoise. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile. I also have to do a lot of work, especially if I have been away for a while. In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent. I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it. If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying. So don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them, and don't ignore them either. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do. Thank you for reading my story.
选修六Module 1 ⒈lack (1)Lack money/ experience/ time (2)Be lacking in (3)For lack of ①健康问题与不好的饮食习惯及缺乏锻炼有很大的关系。 Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise. ②大城市因为缺乏空间建起了越来越多的高层建筑。 More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space. ③由于缺乏睡眠，许多学生无法集中精力于学习上( 一句多译). Many students can’t concentrate on their studies for lack of sleep. Many students lack sleep, which makes it difficult for them to concentrate on their studies. Lacking sleep makes it difficult for many students to concentrate on their studies. Many students are lacking in sleep so that they can’t concentrate on their studies. ⒉advance Adj. 预先的在前的 预付款advance payment 提前做点某事do a little advance planning v.前进发展进步推动，将···提前 →advanced 先进的，高级的， advanced technology /society /courses n. in advance 提前、事先= ahead of time. ⒊In addition 此外，另外=besides, what’s more in addition to 除···之外= apart from// besides There’s a postage and packing fee in addition to the repair charge In addition , you need to know how long you should stay. Except //except for I cant take my holidays at any time except in August.
Unit 5 中国学生适应能力强 六个月之前，谢蕾告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了前往伦敦的飞机。这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。课间休息时我在学生餐厅碰见谢蕾，她告诉我的说，“我很激动，因为很久以前就梦想着能有这么一天，但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我所期望的是什么。” 谢蕾今年21岁，来我们大学上学，希望获得工商管理证书。大多数外籍学生在进入学位课程学习之前都要学一年预科，而谢蕾已经读完半年了。她非常看重预科课程。她说，“预科课程非常有益。在这儿学习跟在中国学习是相当不同的。你必须事先做好准备，或者在这里，或在中国。” “困难不仅仅是在学习方面，你还必须习惯一种全新的生活方式，在一开始的时候这就会占去你的全部注意力。”她说，“有时候我觉得自己像个小孩似的，我得学习如何使用电话，乘公交车时该怎样付款，在商店买东西时如果不知道商品的英文名字时，又怎样问店主。当我迷路不得不向路人问路时，经常听不懂他们说的话。他们说的话不像我们在听力磁带上听到的那样。”谢蕾说着笑了。 谢蕾同房东一家人住在一起，他们给了她许多建议。虽然有些外国学生同其他同学一起住在学生宿舍或公寓房里，但有些学生选择寄宿在英国人的家中。有的房东家也有上大学的孩子，跟这样的人住在一起会给外国学生提供机会，更好地了解这个国家的日常生活和风俗习惯。“当我听到不理解的话语，或看到似乎有人干了很奇怪的事情时，我就可以向房东家里的人请教。”谢蕾解释说。“还有，当我想家的时候，房东家就是我家的替身，给了我很大的安慰。” 谢蕾的预科课程还帮助她熟悉了西方大学里在学术方面的要求。她对我说，“还记得我交给老师第一篇论文。我在网上找到一篇文章，看来和我所需要的信息恰好一样。于是我就那篇论文写了一篇类似小结性的文章，交给了老师。我原以为我会得到高分，结果只得了一个E。我非常吃惊，于是去找导师说理。”他告诉我说，首先，我不能把别人的话写下来不表示感谢。此外。他认为，别人的想法并不是重要的。他想要知道的是我所想的是什么。这倒把我弄糊涂了，因为该文作者所知道的比我多得多。导师给我解释说，我得阅读大量的、有关不同观点的文章，并进行分析。然后，在我的论文中，我得表明我自己的观点，并且引用别的作者的观点来说明为什么我相信我的观点。起初，我缺乏信心这样做，而现在我开始懂了，我的分数也有所提高了。 谢蕾告诉我说，现在她在英国感到自在多了。开始时认为似乎很怪的事，如今觉得似乎很正常了。“我还有一件事要做，做了这件事后我才得安心。一直忙于适应环境，以至于我没有时间去搞社会活动。我认为在学习和社会生活之间的平衡也是很重要的。我打算参加大学了的几个俱乐部，我希望我会遇到一些有共同爱好的人。” 关于谢蕾的进步，我们将在今后几星期的报纸中做跟踪报道。同时我们衷心祝愿她事业有成。她是应该取得成功的。 Using language 秘鲁
第二单元其余部分 Introduction 介绍 《狮子、女巫与魔衣橱》的创作者——C·S·刘易斯（1898——1963）是英国最伟大的魔幻文学家之一，露西发现了冰天雪地的纳尼亚，在那里她和她的两个哥哥和一个妹妹遇见了白女巫。他们还邂逅了阿斯兰，那头唯一能够打败女巫，重新夺回纳尼亚之夏的狮子。和阿斯兰在一起，孩子们学会了勇敢与宽恕。他们经历过大悲大喜，最终学到了智慧。他们在纳尼亚的时光是每一个孩子梦寐以求的历险。 Extract from The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe 《狮子、女巫与魔衣橱》节选然后，她看见前面有一道光，离它不远处可以看到魔衣橱的后面，但走起来却很远。冰冷的柔软的东西不停地落在她身上。过了一会儿，她发现自己正站在晚间的森林中间，脚下是积雪，雪花在漫天飞舞。 露西有点害怕，但同时她也很好奇，很兴奋。她扭头向后望去，透过黑色的树干，仍然可看见魔衣橱敞开的门廊，她甚至还能瞥见她走出的那个空房子。（当然，她一直让门开着，因为他知道把自己关在衣橱里是很傻的。）那里似乎还是白天。“如果发生了什么事，我还可以回去，”露西想。她开始往前走，伴着脚下嘎吱嘎吱的积雪声穿过森林，朝着另一处光亮走去。大约十分钟之后她到了那里，发现那是一根灯柱。当她站在那里，看着灯柱是，她开始奇怪：为什么森林中间会有根灯柱，她不知所措，这是她听见劈里啪啦的脚步声，（有人正）朝她走来。随后一个非常奇怪的人从森林里走到了灯光下。 他只比露西略高一点，头上撑着一把伞，伞上满是雪。他腰部以上想人，而脚却像山羊腿（腿上是浓重的黑毛），脚步是人脚而是羊蹄。他还有一条尾巴，露西起初没有注意到，因为它整齐地缠在撑伞的手臂上，免得它拖到雪地上。他脖子里围着一条红色羊毛围巾，他的的皮肤也略带红。他有一张奇特却相当好看的小脸，留着短而尖的的胡须和卷曲的头发，前额两 侧的毛发里还长着两只角。正如我所说的，他的一只手里拿着一把伞；而另一只手里拿着几个棕色的纸包。通过纸包和他身上的雪；来看，他刚才好像去买圣诞礼物了。他是一个半人半羊的农牧神。看到露西她吃了一惊，包裹都掉了下来。“天哪！”他惊叫道。 The Lord of the Ring 《指环王》 J·R·R托尔金的《指环王》三部曲是20世纪最著名的魔幻故事之一。这个故事的三个部分都被成功地拍成了电影。故事发生在一个被称为“中部地球”的世界。人类知识但是所存在的物种一只。这个世界也有些精灵族，他们高挑而美丽、具有魔力且永远不是。还有矮人族，他们像个矮小的人类，居住在山洞中。同时也有侏儒族，貌似矮小丑陋的人，住在深山里。在《指环王》中，索隆——一个有着非凡魔
高二人教新课标选修6 unit 1 Art课文翻译 Reading 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions, as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in the wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and
All things come to those who wait. 苍天不负有心人 Victory won't come to me unless I go to it. ( M. Moore ) 胜利是不会向我们走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。(穆尔) 2017高考我们必胜！ 选修七课文译文 Unit1 （A篇）MARTY’S STORY马蒂的故事 Hi, my name is Marty Fielding and I guess you could say that I am "one in a million".你好。我叫马蒂·菲尔丁。我想你可能会说我是“百万人中才有一个”的那种人。In other words, there are not many people like me. 换句话说，世界上像我这样的人并不多见。You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I can't run or climb stairs as quickly as other people. 你瞧，我的肌肉有毛病，使我的身体非常虚弱，所以我不能像别人那样快跑快步爬楼梯。In addition, sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture. 再说，有时候我还会笨手笨脚、不小心摔掉东西，或磕碰到家具上。Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. 不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。My motto is: live one day at a time. 我的座右铭是：活好每一天。 Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. 十岁以前，我跟其他人是一样的。 I used to climb trees, swim and play football. 我常常爬树、游泳、踢足球。In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup. 说实在的，我过去常常梦想我会成为职业球员，代表我们的国家参加世界杯足球赛。Then I started to get weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium. 后来，我的身体开始变得越来越虚弱，以至于只能坐在体育场的长凳上欣赏足球了。In the end I went into hospital for medical tests. I stayed there for nearly three months. 最后我到医院去做了检查，几乎住了三个月的医院。I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope. 我想我至少做过十亿次检查，