MCM: The Mathematical Contest in Modeling
Online Registration
You are at step 4 of 6 steps:
1. Enter Advisor Email Address
2. Enter Advisor Information
3. Confirm Advisor Information
4.Agree to Terms and Contest Instructions
5. Process Payment
6. Receive Team Control Number
You must complete all 6 steps in order to register.
Please read the following terms and instructions, and indicate that you agree to abide by them by entering your email address below.
Contest Rules, Registration and Instructions
(All rules and instructions apply to both ICM and MCM contests, except where otherwise
noted.)
To participate in a contest, each team must be sponsored by a faculty advisor from its institution.
Team Advisors: Please read these instructions carefully. It is your responsibility to make sure that teams are correctly registered and that all of the following steps required for participation in the contest are completed:
Please print a copy of these contest instructions for reference before, during, and after the contest. Click here for the printer friendly version.
I. BEFORE THE CONTEST BEGINS:
A. Registration
B. Choose your team members
II. AFTER THE CONTEST BEGINS:
A. View the contest problems via the contest web site
B. Choose a problem
C. Teams prepare solutions
D. Print Summary Sheet and Control Sheet
III. BEFORE THE CONTEST ENDS:
A. Send electronic copy of Solution Paper by email
IV. WHEN THE CONTEST ENDS:
A. Prepare Solution Packet
B. Mail Solution Packet
V. AFTER THE CONTEST IS OVER:
A. Confirm that your team’s solution was received
B. Check contest results
C. Certificates
D. Prizes
IMPORTANT NOTES:
?COMAP is the final arbiter of all rules and policies, and may disqualify or refuse to register any team that, in its sole discretion, does not follow these contest regulations and procedures.
?If a team is caught violating the rules, the faculty advisor will not be permitted to advise another team for one year, and the advisor’s institution will be put on probation for one year.
?If a team from the same institution is caught violating the rules a second time, then that school will not be allowed to compete for a period of at least one year.
?All times given in these instructions are in terms of Eastern Standard Time (EST).
(COMAP is located in the U.S. Eastern Time zone.)
I. BEFORE THE CONTEST BEGINS:
A. Registration
All teams must be registered before 2PM EST on Thursday, February 10, 2011. We recommend that all teams complete the registration process well in
advance, since the registration system will not accept any new team
registrations after the deadline. COMAP will not accept late registrations for
MCM/ICM 2011 under any circumstances. NO EXCEPTIONS WILL BE
MADE.
1.Register your team online via the contest web site: Go to
https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,/undergraduate/contests/mcm.
a. If you are registering your first team for this year’s contest, click on
Register for 2011 Contest on the left-hand side of the screen.
Enter all the required information, including your email address and
contact information.
IMPORTANT: Be sure to use a valid and current email address so that we can use it to contact you at any point before, during, and after the
contest, if necessary.
b. If you have already registered a team for this year’s contest and want to
register a second team, click on Advisor Login, then log in with the
same email address and password that you used when you registered
your first team. Once you’re logged in, click on Register Another
Team near the upper right corner of the page, then follow the
instructions there.
Note: An advisor may register no more than two (2) teams. If you
already registered two teams, the Register Another Team link will not appear. The system will not allow you to register more than two teams.
c. Although each advisor can register only two teams, there is no
restriction on the number of advisors or teams that can register from any particular institution or department.
2.Registration Fee
A $100 registration fee per team is required.
For an additional $100 fee per team, you can receive a Judges
Commentary written specifically about your team’s paper.
We accept payment with Mastercard or Visa only via our secure web site.
We cannot accept other forms of payment. Our secure site will process your credit card payment, so your credit card number is protected. Our system will not store your credit card number after it processes your payment.
3.After we receive approval from your financial institution (this takes only a
few seconds), the system will issue a control number for your team. Your team is not officially registered until you have received a team control
number. Print the page that displays your team control number: It is your only confirmation that your team has been registered. This page also lists the email address and password that you entered when registering;
you will need this information to complete the contest procedures.
You will NOT receive an email confirmation of your registration.
4.If you need to change any of the information (name, address, contact
information, etc.) that you specified when you registered, you can do so at any point before or during the contest by logging in to the contest web site with the same email address and password that you used when registering (click on the Advisor Login link on the left side of the screen). Once logged in, click on the Edit Advisor or Institution Data link near the upper right corner of the page.
5.Check the contest web site regularly for any updated instructions or
announcements about the contest. Except in extreme circumstances,
COMAP will not send any confirmation, reminders, or announcements by
email. All communication regarding the contest will be via the contest web
site.
6.You will return to the contest web site during the contest to enter and
confirm information about your team, and to print out your team’s Control
Sheet and Summary Sheets, which you will use when preparing your team’s
solution packet. Details on these steps follow in the instructions below.
B. Choose your team members:
1.You must choose your team members before the contest begins at 8PM
EST on Thursday February 10, 2011. Once the contest begins you may
not add or change any team members (you may, however, remove a team
member, if he or she decides not to participate).
2.Each team may consist of a maximum of three students.
3.Each student may participate on only one team.
4.Team members must be enrolled in school at the time of the contest, but
they need not be full-time students. Team members must be enrolled at the
same school as the advisor and other team members.
5.
II. AFTER THE CONTEST BEGINS:
A. View the contest problems via the contest web site:
Teams can view the contest problems via the contest web site when the contest begins at 8PM EST on Thursday February 10, 2011:
1.The contest problems will become available precisely at 8PM EST on
Thursday February 10, 2011; team members can view them by visiting
https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,/undergraduate/contests/mcm. No password will
be needed to view the problems; simply go to the contest web site at or after
8PM EST on Thursday, February 10, 2010 and you will see a link to view
the problems.
2.If you cannot access our main web site at that time, go to our mirror site at
https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,/mcm or click here. If you cannot access
either site, there may be a problem with your local Internet connection.
Contact your local Internet service provider to resolve the issue.
B. Choose a problem:
Each team must choose one problem according to the following rules: ?MCM teams must choose either Problem A or Problem B; an MCM team may submit a solution to only one of the problems. (MCM teams
should NOT choose Problem C.)
?ICM teams must choose Problem C. There is no choice for ICM teams.
(ICM teams should NOT choose Problem A or Problem B.)
C. Teams prepare solutions:
1.Teams may use any inanimate source of data or materials: computers,
software, references, web sites, books, etc. ALL SOURCES USED MUST BE CREDITED. Failure to credit a source will result in a team being
disqualified from the competition.
2.Team members may not seek help from or discuss the problem with their
advisor or anyone else, except other members of the same team. Input in any form from anyone other than student team members is strictly forbidden.
This includes email, telephone contact, and personal conversation,
communication via web chat or other question-answer systems, or any other form of communication.
3.Partial solutions are acceptable. There is no passing or failing cut-off score,
and numerical scores will not be assigned. The MCM/ICM contest judges
are primarily interested in the team’s approach and methods.
4.Summary Sheet: The summary is an essential part of your MCM/ICM
paper. The judges place considerable weight on the summary, and winning papers are often distinguished from other papers based on the quality of the summary.
To write a good summary, imagine that a reader will choose whether to read the body of the paper based on your summary: Your concise presentation in the summary should inspire a reader to learn about the details of your work.
Thus, a summary should clearly describe your approach to the problem and, most prominently, your most important conclusions. Summaries that are
mere restatements of the contest problem, or are a cut-and-paste boilerplate from the Introduction are generally considered to be weak.
Each Summary Sheet should include:
?Restatement and clarification of the problem: State in your own words what you are going to do.
?Explain assumptions and rationale/justification: Emphasize the assumptions that bear on the problem. Clearly list all variables used in
your model.
?Include your model design and justification for type model used or developed.
?Describe model testing and sensitivity analysis, including error analysis, etc.
?Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of your model or approach.
5.The judges will evaluate the quality of your writing in the Solution Paper:
?Conciseness and organization are extremely important.
?Key statements should present major ideas and results.
?Present a clarification or restatement of the problem, as appropriate.
?Present a clear exposition of all variables, assumptions, and hypotheses.
?Present an analysis of the problem, including the motivation or justification for the model that is used.
?Include a design of the model.
?Discuss how the model could be tested, including error analysis and stability (conditioning, sensitivity, etc.).
?Discuss any apparent strengths or weaknesses in your model or approach.
6.Papers must be typed and in English.
7.The solution must consist entirely of written text, and possibly figures,
charts, or other written material, on paper only. No non-paper support
materials such as computer files or disks will be accepted.
8.The Solution Paper must display the team control number and the
page number at the top of every page; for example, use the following
page header on each page:
Team # 321 Page 6 of 13
9.The names of the students, advisor, or institution should NOT appear on any
page of the print solution or electronic solution. The solution should not
contain any identifying information other than the team control number.
10.Failure to adhere to any preparation rule is grounds for team
disqualification.
D. Print Summary Sheet and Control Sheet:
After the contest begins at 8PM EST on Thursday February 10, 2011, and while the teams are preparing their solutions, the advisor should:
1.Login to the contest web site (go to
https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,/undergraduate/contests/mcm. Click on Advisor Login, then enter your email address and password).
2.Enter the team member names and confirm that each name is spelled
correctly. This determines how the names will appear on the contest
certificates. COMAP will not make any changes or reprint certificates for any reason.
3.Specify the problem that your team has chosen to solve.
4.Print one copy of the Control Sheet.
5.Print one copy of the team Summary Sheet.
6.
III. BEFORE THE CONTEST ENDS:
A. Send electronic copy of Solution Paper by email:
1.Each team is required to submit an electronic copy of its solution paper by
email to solutions@https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,. Any team member or the advisor may
submit this email.
a. Your email MUST be received at COMAP by the submission
deadline of 8PM EST on February 14, 2011.
b. Failure by a team to submit a solution via email by 8PM EST on
February 14, 2011 constitutes a violation of the contest rules and will
result in that team’s disqualification.
c. No further modifications, enhancements, additions, or improvements
may be made to the team’s solution paper after this email submission.
Each team’s electron ic submission will be cross-checked for
consistency with their paper submission. Any changes to the paper
version will constitute a violation of the contest rules and may result in
disqualification.
2.In the subject line of your email write: COMAP and your t eam’s control
number. For example:
Subject: COMAP 2222
https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,e your team’s control number as the name of your file attachments.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,AP will accept only an Adobe PDF or Microsoft Word file of your
solution. DO NOT include programs or software with your email as they
will not be used in the judging process. Limit one solution per email. The
names of the students, advisor, or institution should NOT appear on
any page of the electronic solution.
5.See the rules for submitting two (2) paper copies and CD via mail below.
6.
IV. WHEN THE CONTEST ENDS:
A. Prepare Solution Packet:
When the contest ends at 8PM EST on February 14, 2011:
1.Each team member must sign the Control Sheet to pledge that he or she
abided by the contest rules and instructions.
2.Make two copies of your team’s Solution Paper.
3.Staple the Summary Sheet on top of each of the Solution Papers.
4.Staple the Control Sheet on top of one of the Solution Papers.
5.Enclose an electronic copy (PDF or Word file) of your team’s Solution
Paper on a CD-ROM. Programs and software will not be used in the judging
process. DO NOT include them on the CD.
If you advise more than one team, please include both teams’ files on a
single CD-ROM and label it with contest, year, and both teams’ control
numbers.
Example:
Year Contest Control Numbers
2011 MCM/ICM 10004, 10005
B. Mail Solution Packet:
1.Mail your team’s complete Solution Packet to:
MCM/ICM Coordinator
COMAP, Inc.
175 Middlesex Turnpike., Suite 3B
Bedford, MA 01730
USA
https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,AP must receive your Solution Packet via mail on or before Friday
February 25, 2011. It is your responsibility to make sure that your team’s
Solution Packet arrives at COMAP by this deadline. Use registered or
express mail, if necessary, to insure that it arrives at COMAP by Friday
February 25, 2011.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,AP will not accept late solutions under any circumstances.
4.If you require confirmation that your paper was received by COMAP, send
the packet via a carrier that provides package tracking. Due to the number of
papers received, COMAP can not answer receipt inquiries or emails.
5.
V. AFTER THE CONTEST IS OVER:
A. Confirm that your team’s solution was received:
1.You may login to the contest web site using the Advisor Login link to
verify that your team’s Solution Packet was received at COMAP. After
mailing your Solution Packet, please allow several days for us to process
your packet before expecting to see this confirmation.
B. Check contest results:
1.Judging: Judging will be completed in March and the results will be posted
on April 29, 2011. The Solution Papers will be recognized as Unsuccessful,
Successful Participant, Honorable Mention, Meritorious, Finalist, or
Outstanding Winner.
2.We will post the contest results on the web site as soon as they are available,
so visit the contest web site regularly to check for updates. It will take
several weeks for the judges to evaluate the solutions and for COMAP to
process the results. Please do NOT call or email COMAP regarding contest
results.
C. Certificates:
After the results are issued, each successfully participating team will receive a certificate of participation. The certificate will be mailed or emailed to the
advisor at the address used during the registration process. All international
teams will receive ONLY an electronic (PDF) certificate. Please allow several weeks after the results are posted to the contest web site to receive your
certificate.
D. Prizes:
?The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) will designate an Outstanding team from each of the three
problems as an INFORMS winner.
?The Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) will designate one Outstanding team from each problem as a SIAM winner.
?The Mathematical Association of America (MAA) will designate one Outstanding team from each problem for the MCM as a MAA winner.
?The Ben Fusaro Award, Typically, among the final MCM papers from which the Outstanding ones are selected is a paper that is especially creative
but contains a flaw that prevents it from attaining the Outstanding
designation. In accord with Ben’s wishes, the award will recognize such
teams.
?
?
If you agree to abide by these terms and instructions, indicate so by entering your email address and clicking on the I AGREE button. If, for any reason, you cannot agree to these terms, click on the I DISAGREE button. If you click on I DISAGREE, the information you have entered will be lost and you will have to start the registration process over again if you decide to register later.
Email Address:
(Enter the same email address that you entered when you began the registration process
前言：2012年3月28号晚，我知道了美赛成绩，一等奖（Meritorious Winner），没有太多的喜悦，只是感觉释怀，一年以来的努力总算有了回报。从国赛遗憾丢掉国奖，到美赛一等，这一路走来太多的不易，感谢我的家人、队友以及朋友的支持，没有你们，我无以为继。这篇文章在美赛结束后就已经写好了，算是对自己建模心得体会的一个总结。现在成绩尘埃落定，我也有足够的自信把它贴出来，希望能够帮到各位对数模感兴趣的同学。 欢迎大家批评指正，欢迎与我交流，这样我们才都能进步。 个人背景：我2010年入学，所在的学校是广东省一所普通大学，今年大二，学工商管理专业，没学过编程。 学校组织参加过几届美赛，之前唯一的一个一等奖是三年前拿到的，那一队的主力师兄凭借这一奖项去了北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校，学运筹学。今年再次拿到一等奖，我创了两个校记录：一是第一个在大二拿到数模美赛一等奖，二是第一个在文科专业拿数模美赛一等奖。我的数模历程如下： 2011.4 校内赛三等奖 2011.8 通过选拔参加暑期国赛培训（学校之前不允许大一学生参加） 2011.9 国赛广东省二等奖 2011.11 电工杯三等奖 2012.2 美赛一等奖（Meritorious Winner） 动机：我参加数学建模的动机比较单纯，完全是出于兴趣。我的专业是工商管理，没有学过编程，觉得没必要学。我所感兴趣的是模型本身，它的思想，它的内涵，它的发展过程、它的适用问题等等。我希望通过学习模型，能够更好的去理解一些现象，了解其中蕴含的数学机理。数学模型中包含着一种简洁的哲学，深刻而迷人。 当然获得荣誉方面的动机可定也有，谁不想拿奖呢？ 模型：数学模型的功能大致有三种：评价、优化、预测。几乎所有模型都是围绕这三种功能来做的。比如，今年美赛A题树叶分类属于评价模型，B题漂流露营安排则属于优化模型。对于不同功能的模型有不同的方法，例如评价模型方法有层次分析、模糊综合评价、熵值法等；优化模型方法有启发式算法（模拟退火、遗传算法等）、仿真方法（蒙特卡洛、元胞自动机等）；预测模型方法有灰色预测、神经网络、马尔科夫链等。在数学中国网站上有许多关于这些方法的相关介绍与文献。 关于模型软件与书籍，这方面的文章很多，这里只做简单介绍。关于软件这三款已经足够：Matlab、SPSS、Lingo，学好一个即可（我只会用SPSS，另外两个队友会）。书籍方面，推荐三本，一本入门，一本进级，一本参考，这三本足够： 《数学模型》姜启源谢金星叶俊高等教育出版社 《数学建模方法与分析》Mark M. Meerschaert 机械工业出版社 《数学建模算法与程序》司守奎国防工业出版社 入门的《数学模型》看一遍即可，对数学模型有一个初步的认识与把握，国赛前看完这本再练习几篇文章就差不多了。另外，关于入门，韩中庚的《数学建模方法及其应用》也是不错的，两本书选一本阅读即可。如果参加美赛的话，进级的《数学建模方法与分析》要仔细研究，这本书写的非常好，可以算是所有数模书籍中最好的了，没有之一，建议大家去买一本。这本书中开篇指出的最优化模型五步方法非常不错，后面的方法介绍的动态模型与概率模型也非常到位。参考书目《数学建模算法与程序》详细的介绍了多种建模方法，适合用来理解
问题A：除非超车否则靠右行驶的交通规则 在一些汽车靠右行驶的国家（比如美国，中国等等），多车道的高速公路常常遵循以下原则：司机必须在最右侧驾驶，除非他们正在超车，超车时必须先移到左侧车道在超车后再返回。建立数学模型来分析这条规则在低负荷和高负荷状态下的交通路况的表现。你不妨考察一下流量和安全的权衡问题,车速过高过低的限制，或者这个问题陈述中可能出现的其他因素。这条规则在提升车流量的方面是否有效？如果不是，提出能够提升车流量、安全系数或其他因素的替代品（包括完全没有这种规律）并加以分析。在一些国家，汽车靠左形式是常态，探讨你的解决方案是否稍作修改即可适用，或者需要一些额外的需要。最后，以上规则依赖于人的判断，如果相同规则的交通运输完全在智能系统的控制下，无论是部分网络还是嵌入使用的车辆的设计，在何种程度上会修改你前面的结果？ 问题B：大学传奇教练 体育画报是一个为运动爱好者服务的杂志，正在寻找在整个上个世纪的“史上最好的大学教练”。建立数学模型选择大学中在一下体育项目中最好的教练：曲棍球或场地曲棍球，足球，棒球或垒球，篮球，足球。 时间轴在你的分析中是否会有影响？比如1913年的教练和2013年的教练是否会有所不同？清晰的对你的指标进行评估，讨论一下你的模型应用在跨越性别和所有可能对的体育项目中的效果。展示你的模型中的在三种不同体育项目中的前五名教练。 除了传统的MCM格式，准备一个1到2页的文章给体育画报，解释你的结果和包括一个体育迷都明白的数学模型的非技术性解释。 使用网络测量的影响和冲击 学术研究的技术来确定影响之一是构建和引文或合著网络的度量属性。与人合写一手稿通常意味着一个强大的影响力的研究人员之间的联系。最著名的学术合作者是20世纪的数学家保罗鄂尔多斯曾超过500的合作者和超过1400个技术研究论文发表。讽刺的是,或者不是,鄂尔多斯也是影响者在构建网络的新兴交叉学科的基础科学,尤其是，尽管他与Alfred Rényi的出版物“随即图标”在1959年。鄂尔多斯作为合作者的角色非常重要领域的数学,数学家通常衡量他们亲近鄂尔多斯通过分析鄂尔多斯的令人惊讶的是大型和健壮的合著网络网站(见http:// https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,/enp/)。保罗的与众不同、引人入胜的故事鄂尔多斯作为一个天才的数学家,才华横溢的problemsolver,掌握合作者提供了许多书籍和在线网站(如。,https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,/Biographies/Erdos.html)。也许他流动的生活方式,经常住在带着合作者或居住,并给他的钱来解决问题学生奖,使他co-authorships蓬勃发展并帮助构建了惊人的网络在几个数学领域的影响力。为了衡量这种影响asErdos生产,有基于网络的评价工具,使用作者和引文数据来确定影响因素的研究,出版物和期刊。一些科学引文索引,Hfactor、影响因素,特征因子等。谷歌学术搜索也是一个好的数据工具用于网络数据收集和分析影响或影响。ICM 2014你的团队的目标是分析研究网络和其他地区的影响力和影响社会。你这样做的任务包括: 1)构建networkof Erdos1作者合著者(你可以使用我们网站https://files.oak https://www.doczj.com/doc/466212902.html,/users/grossman/enp/Erdos1.htmlor的文件包括Erdos1.htm)。你应该建立一个合作者网络Erdos1大约有510名研究人员的文件,与鄂尔多斯的一篇论文的合著者,他但不包括鄂尔多斯。这将需要一些技术数据提取和建模工作获
Camping along the Big Long River Summary In this paper, the problem that allows more parties entering recreation system is investigated. In order to let park managers have better arrangements on camping for parties, the problem is divided into four sections to consider. The first section is the description of the process for single-party's rafting. That is, formulating a Status Transfer Equation of a party based on the state of the arriving time at any campsite. Furthermore, we analyze the encounter situations between two parties. Next we build up a simulation model according to the analysis above. Setting that there are recreation sites though the river, count the encounter times when a new party enters this recreation system, and judge whether there exists campsites available for them to station. If the times of encounter between parties are small and the campsite is available, the managers give them a good schedule and permit their rafting, or else, putting off the small interval time t until the party satisfies the conditions. Then solve the problem by the method of computer simulation. We imitate the whole process of rafting for every party, and obtain different numbers of parties, every party's schedule arrangement, travelling time, numbers of every campsite's usage, ratio of these two kinds of rafting boats, and time intervals between two parties' starting time under various numbers of campsites after several times of simulation. Hence, explore the changing law between the numbers of parties (X) and the numbers of campsites (Y) that X ascends rapidly in the first period followed by Y's increasing and the curve tends to be steady and finally looks like a S curve. In the end of our paper, we make sensitive analysis by changing parameters of simulation and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of our model, and write a memo to river managers on the arrangements of rafting. Key words: Camping；Computer Simulation; Status Transfer Equation
The Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass Rule Summary As for the first question, it provides a traffic rule of keep right except to pass, requiring us to verify its effectiveness. Firstly, we define one kind of traffic rule different from the rule of the keep right in order to solve the problem clearly; then, we build a Cellular automaton model and a Nasch model by collecting massive data; next, we make full use of the numerical simulation according to several influence factors of traffic flow; At last, by lots of analysis of graph we obtain, we indicate a conclusion as follow: when vehicle density is lower than 0.15, the rule of lane speed control is more effective in terms of the factor of safe in the light traffic; when vehicle density is greater than 0.15, so the rule of keep right except passing is more effective In the heavy traffic. As for the second question, it requires us to testify that whether the conclusion we obtain in the first question is the same apply to the keep left rule. First of all, we build a stochastic multi-lane traffic model; from the view of the vehicle flow stress, we propose that the probability of moving to the right is 0.7and to the left otherwise by making full use of the Bernoulli process from the view of the ping-pong effect, the conclusion is that the choice of the changing lane is random. On the whole, the fundamental reason is the formation of the driving habit, so the conclusion is effective under the rule of keep left. As for the third question, it requires us to demonstrate the effectiveness of the result advised in the first question under the intelligent vehicle control system. Firstly, taking the speed limits into consideration, we build a microscopic traffic simulator model for traffic simulation purposes. Then, we implement a METANET model for prediction state with the use of the MPC traffic controller. Afterwards, we certify that the dynamic speed control measure can improve the traffic flow . Lastly neglecting the safe factor, combining the rule of keep right with the rule of dynamical speed control is the best solution to accelerate the traffic flow overall. Key words：Cellular automaton model Bernoulli process Microscopic traffic simulator model The MPC traffic control
C和D 2015 ICM问题C 组织中的人力资本管理 构建一个组织填充好，有才华的，训练有素的人是成功的关键之一。但是这样做，组织需要做更多的招聘和雇用最好的候选人–也需要保持良好的人，让他们适当的训练并放在合适的位置，最终目标新员工来取代那些离开组织。个人发挥独特的作用，在他们的组织，正式和非正式的。因此，从组织个体离开留下重要的信息和功能组件丢失，需要更换。这是真正的运动队，商业公司，学校，政府，和几乎任何正式的团体或组织的人。 人力资源（HR）专家帮助高层领导通过改进保留和激励，管理人员协调培训，并建立良好的团队。特别是，领导人寻求建立一个有效的组织结构，人们被分配到适当的位置他们的天赋和经验，以及有效的沟通系统，以促进发展创新的理念、优质的产品（商品或服务）。这些人才管理和人力资源管理团队建设方面正在对许多现代组织。 在一个组织内人力资本的流体网络管理人员需要了解忠诚于公司和亚群；在工作场所建立信任；管理的形成，溶解和保持人与人之间的正式和非正式的关系。当人们离开其他工作或退休所取代，由此产生的湍流是统称为组织“流失”。你的团队你的人力资源经理要求在信息协同制造发展了一个理解流失的框架和模型（ICM）的370人的组织。ICM是一个高度竞争的市场，导致具有挑战性，有效地管理其人力资本的相关问题。 人力资源经理要地图人力资本在组织通过建立网络模型。这里有一些你的公司面临的问题： 1。ICM的目的是在其早期阶段的流失的风险，因为它是获得一个员工在职业生涯早期而不是提高文化一旦有了忠诚的便宜。这是更高效的开始而不是提供激励措施来阻止人们离开有一个积极的员工。 2。一个工人更容易流失，如果他或她与其他前 谁有生产员工。因此，从员工流失似乎弥漫 员工，所以识别那些可能流失是有价值的信息 防止进一步的搅动。 3。一个问题是员工人力资源匹配到正确的位置，使自己的知识和能力可以最大化。目前每个员工基于绩效的主管判断年度评估。这些评价是目前不是由人力资源办公室。
数学建模简介 当需要从定量的角度分析和研究一个实际问题时，人们就要在深入调查研究、了解对象信息、作出简化假设、分析内在规律等工作的基础上，用数学的符号和语言作表述，也就是建立数学模型，然后用通过计算得到的结果来解释实际问题，并接受实际的检验。这个建立数学模型的全过程就称为数学建模。 数学建模的广泛应用 数学建模的应用逐渐变的广泛，数学建模大量用于一般工程技术领域，用于代替传统工程设计中的现场实验、物理模拟等手段；在高新科技领域，成为必不可少的工具，无论是在通信、航天、微电子、自动化都是创新工艺、开发新 产品的必要手段；在新的科研领域在用数学方法研究 其中的定量关系时，数学建模就成为首要的、关键的 步骤和这些学科发展和应用的基础。 将计算机技术和数学建模进行紧密结合，使得原 本抽象的数学模型生动具体的呈现在研究者面前，使 得问题得到更好的解决。 数学建模的分支——数据挖掘 数据挖掘（Data Mining，DM）是目前人工智能和数 据库领域研究的热点问题，所谓数据挖掘是指从数据库 的大量数据中揭示出隐含的、先前未知的并有潜在价值 的信息的非平凡过程。数据挖掘是一种决策支持过程， 它主要基于人工智能、机器学习、模式识别、统计学、 数据库、可视化技术等，高度自动化地分析企业的数据， 做出归纳性的推理，从中挖掘出潜在的模式，帮助决策 者调整市场策略，减少风险，做出正确的决策。 数据挖掘是通过分析每个数据，从大量数据中寻找其规律的技术，主要有数据准备、规律寻找和规律表示3个步骤。数据准备是从相关的数据源中选取所需的数据并整合成用于数据挖掘的数据集；规律寻找是用某种方法将数据集所含的规律找出来；规律表示是尽可能以用户可理解的方式（如可视化）将找出的规律表示出来。 数据挖掘的任务有关联分析、聚类分析、分类分析、异常分析、特异群组分析和演变分析，等等。
当我谈数学建模时我谈些什么——美赛一等奖经验总结 作者：彭子未 前言：2012 年3月28号晚，我知道了美赛成绩，一等奖（Meritorus Winner），没有太多的喜悦，只是感觉释怀，一年以来的努力总算有了回报。从国赛遗憾丢掉国奖，到美赛一等，这一路走来太多的不易，感谢我的家人、队友以及朋友的支持，没有你们，我无以为继。 这篇文章在美赛结束后就已经写好了，算是对自己建模心得体会的一个总结。现在成绩尘埃落定，我也有足够的自信把它贴出来，希望能够帮到各位对数模感兴趣的同学。 欢迎大家批评指正，欢迎与我交流，这样我们才都能进步。 个人背景：我2010年入学，所在的学校是广东省一所普通大学，今年大二，学工商管理专业，没学过编程。 学校组织参加过几届美赛，之前唯一的一个一等奖是三年前拿到的，那一队的主力师兄凭借这一奖项去了北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校，学运筹学。今年再次拿到一等奖，我创了两个校记录：一是第一个在大二拿到数模美赛一等奖，二是第一个在文科专业拿数模美赛一等奖。我的数模历程如下： 2011.4 校内赛三等奖 2011.8 通过选拔参加暑期国赛培训（学校之前不允许大一学生参加） 2011.9 国赛广东省二等奖 2011.11 电工杯三等奖 2012.2 美赛一等奖（Meritorious Winner） 动机：我参加数学建模的动机比较单纯，完全是出于兴趣。我的专业是工商管理，没有学过编程，觉得没必要学。我所感兴趣的是模型本身，它的思想，它的内涵，它的发展过程、它的适用问题等等。我希望通过学习模型，能够更好的去理解一些现象，了解其中蕴含的数学机理。数学模型中包含着一种简洁的哲学，深刻而迷人。 当然获得荣誉方面的动机可定也有，谁不想拿奖呢？ 模型：数学模型的功能大致有三种：评价、优化、预测。几乎所有模型都是围绕这三种功能来做的。比如，今年美赛A题树叶分类属于评价模型，B题漂流露营安排则属于优化模型。 对于不同功能的模型有不同的方法，例如评价模型方法有层次分析、模糊综合评价、熵值法等；优化模型方法有启发式算法（模拟退火、遗传算法等）、仿真方法（蒙特卡洛、元
2019 MCM/ICM Summary Sheet (Your team's summary should be included as the first page of your electronic submission.) Type a summary of your results on this page. Do not include the name of your school, advisor , or team members on this page. Ecosystems provide many natural processes to maintain a healthy and sustainable environment after human life. However, over the past decades, rapid industrial development and other anthropogenic activities have been limiting or removing ecosystem services. It is necessary to access the impact of human activities on biodiversity and environmental degradation. The main purpose of this work is to understand the true economic costs of land use projects when ecosystem services are considered. To this end, we propose an ecological service assessment model to perform a cost benefit analysis of land use development projects of varying sites, from small-scale community projects to large national projects. We mainly focus on the treatment cost of environmental pollution in land use from three aspects: air pollution, solid waste and water pollution. We collect pollution data nationwide from 2010 to 2015 to estimate economic costs. We visually analyze the change in economic costs over time via some charts. We also analyze how the economic cost changes with time by using linear regression method. We divide the data into small community projects data (living pollution data) and large natural data (industrial pollution data). Our results indicate that the economic costs of restoring economical services for different scales of land use are different. For small-scale land, according to our analysis, the treatment cost of living pollution is about 30 million every year in China. With the rapid development of technology, the cost is lower than past years. For large-scale land, according to our analysis, the treatment cost of industrial pollution is about 8 million, which is lower than cost of living pollution. Meanwhile the cost is trending down due to technology development. The theory developed here provides a sound foundation for effective decision making policies on land use projects. Key words: economic cost , ecosystem service, ecological service assesment model, pollution. Team Control Number For office use only For office use only T1 ________________ F1 ________________ T2 ________________ F2 ________________ T3 ________________ Problem Chosen F3 ________________ T4 ________________ F4 ________________ E
点评：航空货运问题 一、基本参数 1、货机：假设均匀分布 每天三架货机。 2、工作时间5：00—20：00设置为 t ：[0，15]？ 每天货机到达时间：5：00—20：00； 一工作组装满装卸场：6小时；一货机装满：3小时； 装卸台的容量：1.5货机； 3、费用系数： 停机费（等待装货）：15000元/小时架 一工作组：每小时9000元；二工作组：每小时12000元 4、服务原则：假设先来先服务 二、模型建立：概率计算模型 （一）概率分布 1、三架货机到达的时刻3,2,1,=i t i 服从[0，15]上的均匀分布，则： 密度函数：()1 ,01515 f t t = ≤≤ 分布函数：(),01515 t F t t = ≤≤ 2、设τ,δ,ε分别是首架货机到达时刻、第一架与第二架间隔、第二架与第三架间隔，
（1）τ的分布函数 3 31321321321321321))(1(1))(1(1)()()(1),,(1) ()()},,(min{) ()(1t F t t P t t P t t P t t P t t t t t t P t t t t t t P t t t t t t P t t t t P t P t F t --=≤--=>>>-=>>>-=≤?≤?≤-Ω=≤?≤?≤=≤=≤=ττ τ 的密度函数： ()()()1125 15151)151(3]1[3)(')(2 22 11-=-=-==t t t f t F t F t f t t ττ ]15,0[∈t （2）其余两货机到达与第一个到达的货机的间隔21,t t ??在0到15-τ之间是均匀分布的 于是： τ -=?151)(t f i t , τ-≤≤150t ；τ-=?15)(t t F i t , τ-≤≤150t ，i =1,2 δ 的密度函数 /121212()()()1() 1()() F t P t P t t t t P t t t t P t t P t t δτδ=≤=?≤?≤=-?>?>=-?>?> 221)](1[1)](1[11t F t t P t ?--=≤?--= ()()2//15152)()](1[2)(')(11---= -==??τττδτδt t f t F t F t f t t （3）第三架货机到达与第二个到达的货机的间隔ε在0和15-δ-τ之间是均匀分布的， 于是： ε 的密度函数
摘要 第一段：写论文解决什么问题 1．问题的重述 a. 介绍重点词开头： 例1：“Hand move” irrigation, a cheap but labor-intensive system used on small farms, consists of a movable pipe with sprinkler on top that can be attached to a stationary main. 例2:……is a real-life common phenomenon with many complexities. 例3：An (effective plan) is crucial to……… b. 直接指出问题： 例1：We find the optimal number of tollbooths in a highway toll-plaza for a given number of highway lanes: the number of tollbooths that minimizes average delay experienced by cars. 例2：A brand-new university needs to balance the cost of information technology security measures with the potential cost of attacks on its systems. 例3：We determine the number of sprinklers to use by analyzing the energy and motion of water in the pipe and examining the engineering parameters of sprinklers available in the market. 例4: After mathematically analyzing the ……problem, our modeling group would like to present our conclusions, strategies, (and recommendations )to the ……. 例5：Our goal is... that (minimizes the time )………. 2．解决这个问题的伟大意义 反面说明。如果没有…… Without implementing defensive measure, the university is exposed to an expected loss of $8.9 million per year. 3．总的解决概述 a．通过什么方法解决什么问题 例：We address the problem of optimizing amusement park enjoyment through distributing Quick Passes (QP), reservation slips that ideally allow an individual to spend less time waiting in line. b．实际问题转化为数学模型 例1 We formulate the problem as a network flow in which vertices are the locations of escorts and wheelchair passengers. 例2 : A na?ve strategy would be to employ the minimum number of escorts to guarantee that all passengers reach their gates on time. c.将问题分阶段考虑 例3：We divide the jump into three phases: flying through the air, punching through the stack, and landing on the ground. 第二、三段：具体分析 1．在什么模型中/ 建立了什么模型 a. 主流模型 例1：We formulate a differential model to account for the rates of change of these uses, and how this change would affect the overall consumption of water within the studied region.
你的论文需要从此开始 请居中 使用Arial14字体 第一作者，第二作者和其他（使用Arial14字体） 1.第一作者的详细地址，包括国籍和email(使用Arial11) 2.第二作者的详细地址，包括国籍和email(使用Arial11) 3.将所有的详细信息标记为相同格式 关键词 列出文章的关键词。这些关键词会被出版方用作关键词索引(使用Arial11字体） 论文正文使用Times New Roman12字体 摘要 这一部分阐述说明了如何为TransTechPublications.准备手稿。最好阅读这些用法说明并且整篇论文都是遵照这个提纲。手稿的正文部分应该是17cm*25cm（宽*高）的格式（或者是6.7*9.8英尺）。请不要在这个区域以外书写。请使用21*29厘米或8*11英尺的质量较好的白纸。你的手稿可能会被出版商缩减20%。在制图和绘表格时候请特别注意这些准则。 引言 所有的语言都应该是英语。请备份你的手稿（以防在邮寄过程中丢失）我们收到手稿即默认为原作者允许我们在期刊和书报出版。如果作者在论文中使用了其他刊物中的图表，他们需要联系原作者，获取使用权。将单词或词组倾斜以示强调。除了每一部分的标题（标记部分的标题），不要加粗正文或大写首字母。使用激光打印机，而不是点阵打印机 正文的组织： 小标题 小标题应该加粗并注意字母的大小写。第二等级的小标题被视为后面段落的一部分（就像这一大段的一小部分的开头） 页码 不要打印页码。请用淡蓝色铅笔在每一张纸的左下角（在打印区域以外）标注数字。 脚注 脚注应该单独放置并且和正文分开理想地情况下，脚注应该出现在参考文献页，并且放在文章的末尾，和正文用分割线分开。 表格 表格（如表一，表二，...）应该放在正文当中，是正文的一部分，但是，要避免文本混乱。一个描述性的表格标题要放在图表的下方。标题应该独立的放在表格的下方或旁边。 表中的单位应放在中括号中[兆伏]如果中括号不可用，需使用大括号{兆}或小括号（兆)。1.这就是脚注
2016 MCM Problem A A Hot Bath A person fills a bathtub with hot water from a single faucet and settles into the bathtub to cleanse and relax. 一个人用一个水龙头让浴缸装满了热水，（然后？）睡进去来清洗和放松。 //那就先放到一定的程度，泡进去，然后边加水这样。 Unfortunately, the bathtub is not a spa-style tub with a secondary heating system and circulating jets, but rather a simple water containment vessel. 不幸的是，这个浴缸没有温泉热水模式，就是没有另外的加热系统和循环的喷嘴，而是个简单的水密闭容器。 After a while, the bath gets noticeably cooler, so the person adds a constant trickle of hot water from the faucet to reheat the bathing water. 不一会儿，这个水池明显的变冷了，所以这个人打开水龙头，加入了持续的细细的水，来加热这个浴缸里面的水。 The bathtub is designed in such a way that when the tub reaches its capacity, excess water escapes through an overflow drain. 这个浴缸设计成一种形式，当这个池子到达了它的容量，多余的水会通过一个溢出排水系统排出。 Develop a model of the temperature of the bathtub water in space and time to determine the best strategy the person in the bathtub can adopt to keep the temperature even throughout the bathtub and as close as possible to the initial temperature without wasting too much water. 设计一个浴缸里面的水温度关于空间和时间上的模型，去决定最好的策略，让这个人在浴缸里能够在不浪费太多的水的前提下，去尽量的靠近初始的温度。 Use your model to determine the extent to which your strategy depends upon the shape and volume of the tub, the shapeolume/temperature of the person in the bathtub, and the motions made by the person in the bathtub. 用你的模型去决定你的策略对以下因素的依赖程度（依赖关系）。因素为：缸的形状和容量，这个浴缸里面的人的形状，体积，温度，还有这个人在浴缸里面的动作。 If the person used a bubble bath additive while initially filling the bathtub to assist in cleansing, how would this affect you r model’s results? 如果这个人在一开始装满这个浴缸的时候，就加入了泡泡添加剂去帮助清洗，这个会如何影响你的模型的结果呢？ In addition to the required one-page summary for your MCM submission, your report must include a one-page non-technical explanation for users of the bathtub that describes your strategy while explaining why it is so difficult to get an evenly maintained temperature throughout the bath water. 除了已经要求的一页的总结，你的报告必须含有一页的对浴缸使用者的非技术性的解释，去描述你的策略，同时解释为什么如此难以做到保持整个洗澡水的水温是均匀的。
数学建模竞赛(MCM / ICM)汇总表 基于细胞的高速公路交通模型 自动机和蒙特卡罗方法 总结 基于元胞自动机和蒙特卡罗方法,我们建立一个模型来讨论“靠右行”规则的影响。首先,我们打破汽车的运动过程和建立相应的子模型car-generation的流入模型,对于匀速行驶车辆，我们建立一个跟随模型,和超车模型。 然后我们设计规则来模拟车辆的运动模型。我们进一步讨论我们的模型规则适应靠右的情况和,不受限制的情况, 和交通情况由智能控制系统的情况。我们也设计一个道路的危险指数评价公式。 我们模拟双车道高速公路上交通(每个方向两个车道,一共四条车道),高速公路双向三车道（总共6车道)。通过计算机和分析数据。我们记录的平均速度,超车取代率、道路密度和危险指数和通过与不受规则限制的比较评估靠右行的性能。我们利用不同的速度限制分析模型的敏感性和看到不同的限速的影响。左手交通也进行了讨论。 根据我们的分析,我们提出一个新规则结合两个现有的规则(靠右的规则和无限制的规则)的智能系统来实现更好的的性能。1介绍 1.1术语 1.2假设 2模型 2.1设计的元胞自动机 2.2流入模型 2.3跟随模型 2.4超车模型 2.4.1超车概率 2.4.2超车条件 2.4.3危险指数 2.5两套规则CA模型 2.5.1靠右行 2.5.2无限制行驶规则 3补充分析模型 3.1加速和减速概率分布的设计 3.2设计来避免碰撞 4模型实现与计算机 5数据分析和模型验证 5.1平均速度 5.2快车的平均速度 5.3密度 5.4超车几率 5.5危险指数 6在不同速度限制下敏感性评价模型 7驾驶在左边 8交通智能系统 8.1智能系统的新规则