北京大学化学与分子工程学院高分子化学与物理备战英语考博英语薄弱者
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众所周知，考博英语在考博科目中占据着很大的比重，对于那些英语基础差的考生们来说，如何备战考博也是他们比较关注的问题，我根据自己的备战经验，将自己的复习方法罗列出来，希望能够对2015年考博的考生们有所帮助。联系我们扣扣：四九三三七一六二六。电话：四零零六六八六九七八。
1、考博英语复习经验：单词(一个月
虽然有些人认为单词不能死记硬背，要在阅读中记忆，但如果过不了单词关，文章根本就读不下去，所以育明考博考博老师提醒各位考生，还是在开始复习的时候先花一段时间被一些出现频率高的单词，其他单词再留在阅读中记忆。
2、考博英语复习经验：阅读(两个半月
育明考博考博系列的阅读分册，这本书不错，它把文章按难易程度的不同分了三个层次，并且按文章内容的不同分章节。我是先把每章容易的和提高层次的阅读都做完，最后在集中做难度大的题。这样提高的比较快。
3、考博英语复习经验：翻译(一个月
买一本翻译练习题，一般上面都有讲如何翻译长句子，先看讲解，然后做题，最后再对答案，找差距。
4、考博英语复习经验：做卷子(一个半月
在考试前一个半月，每个星期做三份模拟题，时间要安排好，不能都堆在一起做，做题的时候要记时。
英语是不能间断的，即使考试前两天也不能放松。可以在最后的两三天不做整套的题，但可以每天做一，两篇阅读，保持做题的兴奋度。
政治不应该太早复习(如果你不是政治专业的)，并不是轻视，而是太早复习真的会忘，第一年我在暑假上完辅导课后在大四开始后每天早晨除了看英语单词就是背政治，但在看完一次后印象不深，忘掉了80%(我的记忆还不错哦)。在距离考试两个月不到的时候，在政治方面分配了大量的时间，才达到了记忆的理想效果。
所以在总结了第一年的经验及第二年复习时间实在太紧(第二年复习只复习了四个月)我是在十月中旬开始政治复习的自己买了一本陈先奎的《政治理论标准辅导全书》这本书的好处是把新增考点都标出来了(这些知识点中必定会出题的)。但也有缺点，书太厚，看得的都发愁，而且有些知识点讲的烦琐。所以我是结合第一年辅导班发的资料一起看的。
十月中旬政治复习首先要自己把基础知识点过一遍，十月中旬开始用一个月的时间把知识点认真的看一遍，虽然不用全记住，但要准确。看完一遍后，再用一个月的时间根据对知识点的不同要求把开始背重要的知识点，其中要适当运用比较记忆法(比如说在毛概中的几次土地革命，国共合作等)这样记的比较准。政治四门中比较重要的是马哲和邓论，这两门占的考试分值比较大。到了十二中旬最好是报一个冲刺班，毕竟老师带过很多考博班，老师讲一下可以顺下思路，知道一些答题方法。
上完课到考试的一个多月的时间就要在政治上多下功夫了。背知识点，时事政治(刘振霞老师的时事和当代都很棒)，做历年真题，差缺补漏，三个步骤是必做的。个人认为不用买模拟题，出题方向不准，有时候模拟题很偏，会打击你的信心。
总之，政治的复习还是要注重重要的知识点和当年的热点问题，这都是当年出题的点，有时候试卷上会出现前些年的重复题，所以真题一定要做。
最后相信付出一定会有回报，认清自己的目标，然后向自己的目标努力
就是了。
本文由“育明考博”整理编辑
天津大学《物理化学》第五版习题及解答 目录 第一章气体的pVT性质 (2) 第二章热力学第一定律 (6) 第三章热力学第二定律 (24) 第四章多组分系统热力学 (51) 第五章化学平衡 (66) 第六章相平衡 (76) 第七章电化学 (85) 第八章量子力学基础 (107) 第九章统计热力学初步 (111) 第十一章化学动力学 (118)
第一章气体的pVT性质
1.1 物质的体膨胀系数与等温压缩率的定义如下 试推出理想气体的，与压力、温度的关系。 解：根据理想气体方程 1.5 两个容积均为V的玻璃球泡之间用细管连结，泡内密封着标准状态下的空气。若将其中的一个球加热到100 °C，另一个球则维持0 °C，忽略连接细管中气体体积，试求该容器内空气的压力。 解：由题给条件知，（1）系统物质总量恒定；（2）两球中压力维持相同。 标准状态： 因此， 1.9 如图所示，一带隔板的容器内，两侧分别有同温同压的氢气与氮气，二者均可视为理想气体。
（1）保持容器内温度恒定时抽去隔板，且隔板本身的体积可忽略不计，试求两种气体混合后的压力。 （2）隔板抽取前后，H2及N2的摩尔体积是否相同？ （3）隔板抽取后，混合气体中H2及N2的分压立之比以及它们的分体积各为若干？解：（1）等温混合后 即在上述条件下混合，系统的压力认为。 （2）混合气体中某组分的摩尔体积怎样定义？ （3）根据分体积的定义 对于分压 1.11 室温下一高压釜内有常压的空气，为进行实验时确保安全，采用同样温度的纯氮进行置换，步骤如下：向釜内通氮气直到4倍于空气的压力，尔后将釜内混合气体排出直至恢复常压。重复三次。求釜内最后排气至恢复常压时其中气体含氧的摩尔分数。 解：分析：每次通氮气后至排气恢复至常压p，混合气体的摩尔分数不变。 设第一次充氮气前，系统中氧的摩尔分数为，充氮气后，系统中氧的摩尔分数为 ，则，。重复上面的过程，第n次充氮气后，系统的摩尔分数为 ， 因此 。 1.13 今有0 °C，40.530 kPa的N2气体，分别用理想气体状态方程及van der Waals方程计算其摩尔体积。实验值为。
北京大学考博英语模拟题14 Part ⅠVocabulary 1. The attack of the World Trade Center will leave a ______ impression on those who have witnessed the explosion. A.long B.forever https://www.doczj.com/doc/437622143.html,sting D.lively 答案：C [解答] 本题空格处是说留下持久的印记。long的意思是“长期的”；forever的意思是“永远”；lasting的意思是“持久的”；lively的意思是“活泼的，逼真的”。四个选项中只有C项符合题意。 2. The magician picked out several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. A.by accident B.on average C.on occasion D.at random 答案：D by accident偶然的。on average平均的。on occasion有时。at random随意的。 3. British hopes of a gold medal in the Olympic Games suffered ______ yesterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during the preliminary heats. A.a sharp set-back B.severe set-back C.a severe blown-up D.sharp blown-up
高分子化学与物理 一、选择题 自由基聚合：ps工业生产引发方法聚合原理 应力-应变曲线中材料韧性的表示方法非线性曲线下部分面积 滞后现象粘 聚丙烯加工中成核剂的作用加快结晶速率 支链对粘度的影响支链短密小 计量聚合有双基终止平均分子量 共聚合r1》1，r2《1 嵌段聚合苯乙烯-丁二烯 F》2 凝胶化凝胶点p《1 导电高分子温度变化电阻变化原因是？ ABS聚合原理自由基聚合 二、制备尼龙6和尼龙66的反应机理，各自分子量主要受哪些因素的影响，两种材料的结构及性质有何区别？ 三、结晶的PET和无定型的PC在高温下经过长时间共混后，PET不再结晶，用大分子反应解释其机理？不相容的PP和PA-6能否通过大分子反应来改善其相容性，解释其机理。 四、四种材料的应力-应变曲线分析：分析对应材料的力学性质，破坏机理以及相应力学性能，并分析其适合作何种材料使用。 五、有一结晶聚合物，要求测试其结晶度118-124，结晶温度dsc，成核过程？？，结晶过程77-80和晶面距xrd，试述测试方法及其原理，以及得到的主要数据。 一、选择题：（总其9题，以下是仅凭记忆写出） 1、在聚丙烯中加入成核剂的作用： 2、双基终止的平均分子量Mn=? 3、凝胶点方面 4、在形变曲线中，什么面积表示其模量大小 5、 二、尼龙6与尼龙66是两种常用的纤维，试述其结构对分子量的影响以及它们的物性差异。 三、PET和PC在高温下长时间混炼，它们会熔为一体，PET失去结晶性。（试用大分子反 应原理解释该现象）。 四、PA66与PP由于极性差异，很难相容，怎样增加它们的相应性。（举例说明，从大分子 反应原理方面分析） 五、下图是不同材料在相同温度下的形变曲线，试分别解释它们的形变过程、破坏机制、分 子结构单元的运动机制以及它们常用作何材料使用。 六、常用什么实验方法测结晶成核速度、结晶生长大小、结晶动力学及晶胞参数，并简要说 明其测试原理。
Part Two:Structure and Written Expression(20%) Directions:For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked、Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet、 11. Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question that a wide solution、 A.admits of B、requires of C、needs of D、seeks for 12.In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message、 A.accustomed to split and divided B.accustomed to splitting and dividing C.accustomed to split and dividing D.accustomed to splitting and divided 13.Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value、 A、at itself B、as itself C、on itself D、in itself 14. us earlier, your request to the full、 A、You have contacted…we could comply with B、Had you contacted…we could have complied with C、You had contacted…could we have complied with D、Have you contacted…we could comply with 15.The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy、 A、discard B、discreet C、discord D、disgorge 16、Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology、No one can shield himself such an influence、 A、on…by…at B、by…for…in C、from…in…on D、through…with…from 17、The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety、Now it appears to create 、 A、bore B、bored C、boredom D、bordom 18、Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz、 A、lacked B、lacking C、for lack of D、lack of 19、There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine、 A、that have to B、have to C、having to D、has to 20、The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it、 A、none the worse B、none the better C、never worse D、never better 21、As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color、 A、cried out for…cried out for B、cry out for…cry out for C、had cried out for…cried out for D、had cried out for…cry out for 22、While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very 、 A、trigger B、meager C、vigor D、linger 23、Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology、 A、as much the Africans are detribalized B、the Africans are much being detribalized C、as much as the Africans are being detribalized D、as much as the Africans are detribalized 24、We admire his courage and self-confidence、 A、can but B、cannot only C、cannot but D、can only but 25、In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to notice that the violence of cars in the streets was more hysterical、
第五章 化学平衡 5－1．在某恒定的温度和压力下，取n 0﹦1mol 的A (g )进行如下化学反应：A (g ) B (g ) 若0B μ﹦0 A μ，试证明，当反应进度ξ﹦0.5mol 时，系统的吉布斯函数G 值为最小，这时A ，B 间达到化学平衡。 解： 设反应进度ξ为变量 A (g ) B (g ) t ﹦0 n A , 0﹦n 0 0 ξ0﹦0 t ﹦t 平 n A n B ξ ξ﹦ B B n ν n B ﹦νB ξ，n A ﹦n 0－n B ﹦n 0－νB ξ，n ﹦n A ＋n B ﹦n 0 气体的组成为：y A ﹦ A n n ﹦00 B n n νξ-﹦01n ξ-，y B ﹦B n n ﹦0 n ξ 各气体的分压为：p A ﹦py A ﹦0 (1)p n ξ - ，p B ﹦py B ﹦ p n ξ 各气体的化学势与ξ的关系为：0 000ln ln (1)A A A A p p RT RT p p n ξμμμ=+=+- 0 000ln ln B B B B p p RT RT p p n ξμμμ=+=+? 由 G ＝n A μA ＋n B μB ＝(n A 0A μ＋n B 0 B μ)＋00ln (1)A p n RT p n ξ-＋0 ln B p n RT p n ξ ? ＝[n 0－ξ0A μ＋ξ0 B μ]＋n 00ln p RT p ＋00()ln(1)n RT n ξξ--＋0 ln RT n ξ ξ 因为 0B μ﹦0A μ，则G ＝n 0(0 A μ＋0ln p RT p )＋00()ln(1)n RT n ξξ--＋0 ln RT n ξ ξ ,0()ln T p G RT n ξξξ?=?- 20,20()()T p n RT G n ξξξ?=-?-＜0 令 ,( )0T p G ξ?=? 011n ξξξξ ==-- ξ﹦0.5 此时系统的G 值最小。
北京大学2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题 Part One: Listening Comprehension略 Part Two: Structure and Written Expression (20%) Directions: For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the ANSWER SHEET. 21._________ before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together. [A] Had they arrived [B] Would they arrive [C] Were they arriving [D] Were they to arrive 22._________ last year and is now earning his living as an advertising agent. [A] He would leave school [B] He left school [C] He had left school [D] He has left school 23.Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remained _________. [A] to be shown [B] to have been shown [C] to have shown [D] being shown 24.__________ that should be given priority to. [A] It is the committee has decided [B] It is only the committee has decided [C] It is what the committee has decided [D] It is what has the committee decided 25. The most interesting new cars may owe __________ the simple wisdom of hiring a few talented people and allowing them to work. [A] less local free-spiritedness than [B] less local free-spiritedness than to [C] to less local free-spiritedness than to [D] less to local free-spiritedness than to 26. Over the years, Jimmy Connors __________ phenomenal displays of tennis and temper—and at the U.S. Open last week, he exhibited both again. [A] has treated spectators with [B] has treated spectator for [C] has treated spectators [D] has treated spectators to 27. Summer holidays spent on the hot ghetto streets are __________ the time middle-class students devote to camps, exotic vacations and highly organized sports. [A] as hardly culturally enriching as [B] as hardly enriching culture as
1、用H3PO4（pKa1= 2.16，pKa2= 7.21，pKa3= 12.32）和NaOH所配成的pH = 7.35的缓冲溶液中，抗碱成分是（）（4 分）A．H3PO4 B．H2PO4- C．HPO42- D．PO43- 我的答案：B 得分：4分 2、对于一个化学反应，下列说法中正确的是（）（4 分）
A．越负，反应速率越大 B．越负，反应速率越大 C．活化能越大，反应速率越大 D．活化能越小，反应速率越大 我的答案：D 得分：4分 3、蛋白质发生盐析的主要原因是（）（4 分）A．电解质离子强烈的水化作用使大分子去水化 B．蛋白质所带的电荷发生了变化
C．由于电解质的加入，使大分子溶液处于等电点 D．蛋白质上基团的解离情况发生了变化我的答案：A 得分：4分 4、已知某蛋白的pI = 5.6，欲使该蛋白移向正极，则电泳液的pH应（）（4 分）A．＜5.6 B．=5.6 C．＞5.6 D．无法确定
我的答案：C 得分：4分 5、聚沉As2S3负溶胶，下列电解质中聚沉能力最强的是（）（4 分） A．Ca(NO3)2 B．K2SO4 C．Na3PO4 D．AlCl3 我的答案：D 得分：4分
6、溶胶在一定时间内能稳定存在而不聚沉，主要原因是（）（4 分） A．溶胶的分散相粒子很小 B．溶胶的分散相粒子很大，扩散速度慢C．溶胶的胶粒呈均匀分布，是均相系统D．胶粒带电，相互排斥；胶粒带有水化膜保护，阻止彼此碰撞时聚结沉淀 我的答案：D 得分：4分 7、溶胶的丁铎尔（Tyndall）现象的本质是胶粒对光的（）（4 分） A．透射作用
北京大学考博英语真题常见句子翻译方法近期很多考生问关于条件状语从句的分析和翻译问题，在此，育明考博老师结合同学提出的两个典型问题为大家分析条件状语从句，并给出相应的参考译文。 一、问题：请分析并翻译：If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. 解析：很多考生看到这样一句从横三、四行的长句会心生畏惧，对自己没有信心，自然也就无法理清这句中的各种枝节。拿到这样的一个句子，最主要的仍然是先把主干找到，然后再看其他部分和主干的关系。需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。 句子主干：you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties 主干是由两个并列的分句组成的，第一个分句是you will be in a position to know the experiences主系表结构，第二个分句是it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties形式主语+系表结构+不定式作真正的主语。
北京大学考博英语历年试题综合分析 导言：考博英语真题的重要性 全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考试大纲时，对英语的考核基本上不指定参考书，考生在备考时往往感到漫无目的，无所适从，所以对各大院校的考博英语历年真 题分析则显得尤为重要。华慧考博英语教研中心在历时8年的教学研究的过程中，总 结国内50多所重点院校的考博英语试题的出题特点与规律，认为考生精研各院校的历年试题对考出良好的成绩有非常大的帮助。 考博英语试题的独特性 众所周知，英语类的考试，如高考、大学英语四六级、专业四八级考试、研究生 入学考试等均由统一的命题组人员统一命制试题，命题组阵容强大，且耗费的人力、物力也不在少数，其题目基本是原创题目。而考博英语却并非这样，因此，考博英 语有其自身的独特性，考博英语的独特性主要表现在其命题方式与题目来源两方面。 首先，从命题方式来看，博士考试中，要求考生达到英语的最低分数线，这一要 求就注定了各大考博院校的英语试题的命题方式，各大考博院校不会花费大量的人力、物力及时间原创一套考博英语试题。并且各大院校为了保证其试题的准确性，一般会 选择已经考过的各类相关难度的试题，这样就可以避免出现大量的因个人学术水平方 面而引起的错误和争议。 其次，从题目来源看，各大院校的考博英语试题基本来自专四、专八、六级、杂 志文章或其它考博院校的原题，极少出现原创题目。因其题目来源的独特性，我们研 究各大院校的考博英语试题就显得非常有必要且益处极大。如果考生在考前了解了这 一情况，且充分重视这个规律，那么获得考博英语高分不是什么难事。所以考生考前 精研考博英语真题是非常有必要的。
考博英语试题的作用 考博英语试题的作用主要有三个，即指导、规划与调控作用。 指导作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题，考生可以了解该院校的题目类型、题目来源、 题目难度等，指导考生在较短的时间内找到正确的复习方法，获得自己满意的成绩。 规划作用。考生在宏观把握所报考院校的英语试题的出题规律后，结合自身的英语情况，对自己的英语备考做出一个正确且切合实际的复习规划。 调控作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题，以所报考院校的英语真题为标杆，随时监控与调节自己的复习计划，使自己的复习计划在最短的时间内获得满意的成绩。 由此可知，研究真题对于考生在较短时间内提升成绩是有很大帮助的。因此，华慧考博英语研究中心对北京大学历年的考博真题进行了细致且深入的研究，将北京大学考博英语的出题特点、题目类型等进行了详细论述，对下一年度的考博英语命题趋势进行了预测，并提出了针对北京大学考博英语的备考方法，让考生的复习备考更加具有针对性，让考生少走弯路，快速提高考试成绩。 以下是华慧考博英语研究中心对北京大学考博英语历年试题详细分析。 一、北京大学考博英语试题的考核要求 北京大学博士研究生非英语专业入学考试是学校为招收博士研究生而设置的选拔性考试。教育部颁布的《硕士、博士研究生英语教学大纲》规定：“博士生入学其英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生的水平”。根据这一规定，并结合历年招收博士研究生的具体情况，我校博士生入学英语考试既考查考生的语言知识，又注重测试考生的语言应用能力。
Part Two：Structure and Written Expression（20%） Directions：For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet. 11．Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question that a wide solution. A．admits of B. requires of C. needs of D.seeks for 12．In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message. A．accustomed to split and divided B．accustomed to splitting and dividing C．accustomed to split and dividing D．accustomed to splitting and divided 13．Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value. A. at itself B. as itself C. on itself D. in itself 14．us earlier, your request to the full. A.You have contacted…we could comply with B.Had you contacted…we could have complied with C.You had contacted…could we have complied with D.Have you contacted…we could comply with 15．The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy. A. discard B. discreet C. discord D. disgorge 16. Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology. No one can shield himself such an influence. A. on…by…at B. by…for…in C. from…in…on D. through…with…from 17. The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety. Now it appears to create . A. bore B. bored C. boredom D. bordom 18. Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz. A. lacked B. lacking C. for lack of D. lack of 19. There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine. A. that have to B. have to C. having to D. has to 20. The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it. A. none the worse B. none the better C. never worse D. never better 21. As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color. A. cried out for…cried out for B. cry out for…cry out for C. had cried out for…cried out for D. had cried out for…cry out for 22. While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very . A. trigger B. meager C. vigor D. linger 23. Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology. A. as much the Africans are detribalized B. the Africans are much being detribalized C. as much as the Africans are being detribalized D. as much as the Africans are detribalized 24. We admire his courage and self-confidence. A. can but B. cannot only C. cannot but D. can only but 25. In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to
北京中医药大学《无机化学》考试辅导试题及答案 用离子-电子法配平并完成下列反应 答：+ + 2I－= 2Fe2+ + I2 －+ 3SO32－+H2O = 2MnO2 + 3SO42－+ 2OH— + + Zn = Cu+ Zn2+ －＋3S2－＋14H+ =2Cr3＋＋3S +7 H2O －+ 5SO32－+ 6H+= 2Mn2+ + 5SO42－+3 H2O — + SO32－+ 2OH—= 2MnO42—+ SO42－+ H2O 简答题 1. 一种钠盐A,在A的水溶液中加入稀盐酸产生刺激性气体B。A的水溶液在酸性中能使KMnO4溶液腿色，得到无色溶液C。若在A的水溶液中通入Cl2得溶液D,在D中加入AgNO3溶液产生白色沉淀E,若在E中加入NH3水，震荡后得到无色溶液F。指出A、B、C、D、E、F各为何物。 答：A、Na2SO3B、SO2C、Mn2+ D、Cl- E、AgCl F、[Ag(NH)2]+ 2.根据配合物的价键理论，指出下列配离子中，中心离子和配体的配位情况（即画出中心离子杂化后价电子排布、指出杂化轨道类型及空间构型）。 （1）[FeF6]3－μ= . （2）[Fe(CN)6]3－μ= . 答：（1）Fe3+ 3d53d轨道有5个单电子sp3d2杂化八面体 （2）Fe3+ 3d53d轨道有1个单电子d2sp3杂化八面体 3.有四种试剂：Na2SO4、Na2SO3、Na2S2O3、Na2S，它们的标签已脱落，请设计只加一种试剂的简便方法鉴别它们,并写出有关配平的离子反应方程式。 答：加稀HCl （略） 4.根据配合物的价键理论，确定下列配离子是内轨型还是外轨型，说明理由。 (1) [Fe(H2O)6]3－（Fe3+3d 5）μ= . (2) [Mn(CN)6] 4－（Mn2+3d 5）μ= . 答：（1）μ= 则n=5 Fe3+ 3d53d轨道有5个单电子sp3d2杂化八面体 （2）μ= 则n=1 Fe3+ 3d53d轨道有1个单电子d2sp3杂化八面体 5.现有一种含结晶水的淡绿色晶体A，将其配成溶液，若加入BaCl2溶液，则产生不溶于酸的白色沉淀B，若加入NaOH溶液，则生成白色胶状沉淀C并很快变成红棕色沉淀D，再加入盐酸，此红棕色沉淀又溶解，滴入硫氰化钾溶液显深红色溶液E。指出A、B、C、D、E各为何物。 答：A、Na2SO3B、SO2C、Mn2+ D、Cl- E、AgCl F、[Ag(NH)2]+
P a r t T w o：S t r u c t u r e a n d W r i t t e n E x p r e s s i o n（20%） Directions：For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet. 11．Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question that a wide solution. A．admits of B. requires of C. needs of D.seeks for 12．In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message. A．accustomed to split and divided B．accustomed to splitting and dividing C．accustomed to split and dividing D．accustomed to splitting and divided 13．Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value. A. at itself B. as itself C. on itself D. in itself 14．us earlier, your request to the full. A.You have contacted…we could comply with B.Had you contacted…we could have complied with C.You had contacted…could we have complied with D.Have you contacted…we could comply with 15．The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy. A. discard B. discreet C. discord D. disgorge 16. Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology. No one can shield himself such an influence. A. on…by…at B. by…for…in C. from…in…on D. through…with…from 17. The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety. Now it appears to create . A. bore B. bored C. boredom D. bordom 18. Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz. A. lacked B. lacking C. for lack of D. lack of 19. There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine. A. that have to B. have to C. having to D. has to 20. The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it. A. none the worse B. none the better C. never worse D. never better 21. As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color. A. cried out for…cried out for B. cry out for…cry out for C. had cried out for…cried out for D. had cried out for…cry out for 22. While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very . A. trigger B. meager C. vigor D. linger 23. Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology. A. as much the Africans are detribalized B. the Africans are much being detribalized C. as much as the Africans are being detribalized D. as much as the Africans are detribalized 24. We admire his courage and self-confidence. A. can but B. cannot only C. cannot but D. can only but
无机化学习题参考答案(II) 第一章 1.4．解： （1）H 2O 2 2C （2）S 2O 32 3v C （3）N 2O (N N O 方式) v C ∞ （4）Hg 2Cl 2 h D ∞ （5）H 2C=C=CH 2 2d D （6）UOF 4 C 5v （7）BF 4 d T （8）SClF 5 4v C （9）反-Pt(NH 3)2Cl 2 2h D （10）PtCl 3(C 2H 4) 2v C 1．B(CH 3)3和BCl 3相比，哪一个的Lewis 酸性强，为什么？ 一般来说，CH 3为推电子基团，Cl 为吸电子基团，因此的Lewis 酸性强。 （BCl 3易水解；B(CH 3)3不溶于水，在空气中易燃） 2．BH 3和BF 3都可和(CH 3)2NPF 2生成加合物，在一种加合物中，B 原子和N 相连，另一种则和P 相连，绘出两种结构式，并说明形成两种结构的原因。 P F F H 3C CH 3 N P F F H 3C CH 3 N B B H 3F 3 (该题可参考史启桢等翻译的"无机化学",作者Shriver 等,由高教社出版, 其中关于热力学酸度参数的部分，p.190-191; 或者该书的英文原版第5章的相关内容) 3. 无水AlCl 3可作为傅-克烷基化反应的催化剂, 而吸水后则失效, 原因何在? 配位饱和（6配位），失去Lewis 酸性 4. 吸水后失效 的AlCl 3有什么方法可以脱水? 因为Al 3+是典型的硬酸，与氧的亲合力很强，因此实验室不能在HCl ，NH 4Cl ，SOCl 2等气氛下加热脱水。（只能加强热生成 Al 2O 3后，用高温下用加C 和Cl 2用还原氯化法制备，这就不是脱水方法了）。 第二章