北京大学化学与分子工程学院高分子化学与物理备战英语考博英语薄弱者请进

北大考博辅导：北京大学工学院考博难度解析及经验分享北京大学工学院2019 年博士研究生招生实行“申请―审核”制，符合《北京大学2019年博士研究生招生简章》中报考条件的申请人提交相关材料，依据考生申请材料的综合评价结果确定差额综合考核名单，经综合考核后择优推荐拟录取。

强军计划、少数民族骨干计划、论文博士等采取相同的办法同时进行。

一、院系简介北京大学的工科教育历史悠久，1910年3月即组织了工学院（当时称工科分科大学），下设土木、矿冶两个系（当时称门）。

1916年以后，北大工学院经过停办、再建、扩大，到1952年已培养了近5000名学生；其后工学院的师生中陆续有23人被评为中国科学院院士、中国工程院院士。

1952年全国院系调整，北大工学院的机械、电机、土木、建筑四个系合并到清华大学，化工系合并到天津大学；北京大学工学院的建制取消。

同年，著名科学家周培源教授创立了北京大学数学力学系力学专业,这是新中国的第一个力学专业。

自创立之日起，以周培源为代表的一大批著名学者，如：钱敏、吴林襄、叶开沅、陈耀松、董铁宝、王仁、周光炯、孙天风等为北大力学的创立付出了他们的努力和智慧，奠定了北大力学系发展的坚实基础。

1979年3月24日，北京大学力学系成立。

经过几代人的艰苦创业、辛勤耕耘，力学系在教学、科研和基础建设等各方面取得了很大发展，培养出一大批优秀力学与工程技术人才，他们已经成为科技、教育、国民经济与国防建设各行业的领军人物、技术骨干、力学与其它方面的专家学者。

当选为中国科学院院士和中国工程院院士的12位校友就是他们的杰出代表。

二、招生信息北京大学工学院博士招生专业有11个：080101 一般力学与力学基础研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；080102 固体力学研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；080103 流体力学研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；080104 工程力学研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；080120 力学（生物力学与医学工程）研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；080121 力学（力学系统与控制）研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；080123 力学（先进材料与力学）研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；080124 力学（能源与资源工程）研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；080125 力学（航空航天工程）研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；083100 生物医学工程研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；120100 管理科学与工程研究方向：00. 不区分研究方向；三、申请条件1、拥护中国共产党的领导，具有正确的政治方向，热爱祖国，愿意为社会主义现代化建设服务，遵守法律、法规和学校的规章制度，品行端正；2、申请者的学位必须符合下述条件之一：a已获得硕士或博士学位；b应届硕士毕业生（须在录取年9月1日前取得硕士学位）；c获得本科学士学位满6年（到录取年的9月1日），可按照同等学力身份报考。

北大考博辅导：北京大学物理化学考博难度解析及经验分享根据教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心最新公布的第四轮学科评估结果可知，在2018-2019年物理化学专业考研学校排名中，排名第一的是厦门大学，排名第二的是北京大学，排名第三的是吉林大学。

作为北京大学实施国家“211工程”和“985工程”的重点学科，前沿交叉学科研究院的物理化学一级学科在历次全国学科评估中均名列第二。

下面是启道考博整理的关于北京大学物理化学考博相关内容。

一、专业介绍物理化学专业是物理与化学间的交叉学科，是以物理的原理和实验技术为基础，研究化学体系的性质和行为，发现并建立化学体系中特殊规律的学科。

物理化学的研究方法广为应用，不仅渗透到化学的各个分支学科，而且在材料、能源、环境、生命、信息等各领域发挥重要作用。

随着各种谱学检测方法在空间分辨、时间分辨或能量分辨能力等方面的不断提高，物理化学学科呈现出由宏观到微观、由体相到表相、由静态到动态的飞跃发展，而表(界)面与介观体系的结构、物理化学性质及相关反应过程，分子反应动态学，非平衡态热力学和非线性动力学等则是当前物理化学最活跃的前沿研究领域。

北京大学前沿交叉学科研究院的物理化学专业在博士招生方面，不区分研究方向070304 物理化学研究方向：00.不区分研究方向此专业实行申请考核制。

二、考试内容北京大学物理化学专业博士研究生招生为资格审查加综合考核形式，由笔试+专业面试构成。

其中，综合考核内容为:1、我院各专业招生专家小组根据申请人的申请材料，参考申请者提交的课程成绩、硕士学位论文、外语水平、科研参与、发表论文、专著出版、获奖情况、研究计划和专家推荐意见等，对其科研潜质和基本素质等做出综合评价结论。

根据素质审核结果，择优确定进入考核的候选人；2、考核采取面试、笔试或两者相兼的方式进行差额复试，对学生的学科背景、专业素养、操作技能、外语水平、思维能力、创新能力以及申请人分析、解决问题和进行创新的综合能力等进行考察；3、考核时间各招生专业依据实际情况进行，外国语言文学（区域与国别）专业与生物学专业的复试时间预计安排在2019年4月，大数据类专业预计安排在3月中下旬，具体时间见后续通知。

北京化工大学考博英语应该怎样复习考博要不要重视单词的背诵呢?有很多同学说为什么要花大力气去背单词呢?我四、六级成绩都在550分左右，我也没刻意去背单词呀。

对，的确存在这样的例子，但是考博英语和四、六级是不同类型的考试，咱们不能把应对四、六级考试的策略强加在考博上，否则你会犯“一刀切”错误，会败得很惨。

实践证明考博背单词这个阶段是不可逾越的。

需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。

一、背单词时要注意以下几方面：第一：释义。

在第一次背单词时，切不可对自己太苛刻，要求自己把词汇书中视力所及的，面面俱到，统统记在脑子里。

我们说那样是不可能的，如果你硬要求自己那样去做，结果只有一种，很可能使你自己感到挫败感，甚至有想放弃的想法。

有的同学说我不都看了，我心里不放心。

单词复习是长期性、循环性的过程，就是在基础阶段也要把大纲词汇以不同形式过3、4遍，所以同学们应该放心，只要你按照老师的要求去做，在临考前大纲要求你掌握的单词你都会复习到的。

第一遍背单词时，你只要把一个单词的基本释义记住就可以了，切忌不可贪多，建议学生去听海天的宫老师的英语课，在课上，宫老师会告诉学生单词的追加释义，即：考博考到的释义。

而且，宫老师还会以不同的形式去测试学生对单词的掌握情况。

第二，发音。

在非英语专业学生当中往往会出现这样一种现象，单词会写但不会读。

其实读写是不分家的，一个单词你都会写了，怎么还不会读呢?按照正常的记忆规则，应该是按照发音规律先会读，然后才能顺利地把单词写出来。

手捧一种单词书去背，很容易使人犯困，如果能顺利地掌握单词的发音，我们就能脱离课本，通过听力背单词。

无论你以何种姿势：躺、卧、站、跑、跳，你都能去记单词。

通过听力背单词，被大多数同学所喜爱，但是前提条件是你得掌握单词的发音，否则这个环节你就没办法进行了。

平时注意发音，考博复试时，你就不会因怕单词读错感到窘迫，而不敢张口了。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Summer holidays spent on the hot ghetto streets are ( ) he time middle-class students devote to camps, exotic vacations and highly organized sports.问题1选项A.as hardly culturally enriching asB.as hardly enriching culture asC.hardly as culturally enriching asD.hardly as cultural enriching as【答案】C【解析】考查语法知识。

当否定词hardly修饰as…as…时要放在前面，修饰形容词性的enriching要使用副词，因此C选项符合题意。

2.单选题______ human problems that repeat themselves in ______ life repeat themselves in ______ literature.问题1选项A./, /, theB./, the, /C.The, /, /D.The, the, the 【答案】A【解析】考查冠词的用法。

Problems前面有human作定语，可不用定冠词。

固定短语in life中不需要加入定冠词。

因此A选项符合题意。

3.单选题The European Parliament has banned the terms “Miss” and “Mrs” they offend female members.问题1选项A.as long asB.the momentC.so thatD.in case【答案】D【解析】考查逻辑关系。

as long as“只要”；the moment“一……就……”；so that“所以，以便”；in case“万一，假使”。

北京大学考博英语系统全程班使用说明北京大学考博英语试题结构如下：Part 1 听力 20%Part 2 词汇 20 %Part 3 阅读理解20%Part 4 完形 10%Part 5 改错 15%Part 6 写作 15%（250~300字）通过上述试题结构的简单介绍，大家可以看出北京大学的题型没有特别的侧重哪一个专项，而是要求考生全面培养自己的英语能力。

各位学员在拿到一大堆的学习资料时，往往有一种不知道该从何入手的感觉。

下面给学员详细的介绍一下，各个科目的学习计划。

具体听课顺序如下：一、词汇：词汇，是英语学习的基石。

词汇背得越多，考试时就越会有把握。

尤其针对考博英语考试而言更是如此。

博士研究生入学考试对词汇量的要求大致是在8000~10000。

所以大家学习的第一个课程就应是词汇。

1.基础词汇课程课程课时： 31课时课程内容：课程里面所讲解的词汇都是要求大家全面掌握的。

所谓的全面掌握就是指，要知道它的拼写、常用汉语释义、用法。

学习建议：（1）拿到词汇讲义后，先进行词汇学习的瘦身工作——删减词汇。

也就是从A 到Z浏览一下，把自己已经非常熟悉的单词删减出去。

这里所谓的“非常熟悉”是指：看到英语单词就能在脑海中直接反应出它的汉语意思。

这个工作完成以后，就可以开始词汇部分的学习了。

建议每天学习2个课时。

完成词汇专项突破课程的基础词汇部分需要15天的时间。

（2）遵循艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线进行及时有效的复习。

下附艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，可根据个人的具体情况进行适当调整。

第一个记忆周期：5 分钟（注：5分钟即每隔五分钟检查前5 分钟的，以下时间的解释与此相同）第二个记忆周期：30 分第三个记忆周期：12 小时第四个记忆周期：1 天第五个记忆周期：2 天第六个记忆周期：4 天第七个记忆周期：7 天第八个记忆周期：15 天2.王沁老师词汇训练课程课程课时：26课时课程内容：针对词汇题型进行讲解。

学习建议：（1）听课之前，要求学员自己先完成讲义上的题目，通过自测可以自我了解哪里不会，为什么不会，带着问题去学习在线课程。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Experimental sciences, based on the observation of the external world, cannot aspire to completeness; the nature of things, and the imperfection of our organs,______.问题1选项A.are likely opposing itB.are opposed to it and the likeC.are alike opposed itD.are opposing it likewise【答案】B【解析】考查固定用法。

be opposed to“反对”是固定用法，and the like“等等”。

句意：实验科学是建立在对外部世界的观察基础上的，不能追求完备;事物的本质和我们器官的缺陷等等都与之相违背。

因此B选项符合题意。

2.单选题He was _______ to tell the truth even to his closest friend.问题1选项A.too much of a cowardB.too much the cowardC.a coward enoughD.enough of a coward 【答案】A【解析】考查固定用法。

综合选项可知，本题考查“too…to…太……以致不能”，too much the coward“懦夫太多”不符合句意，因此A选项符合题意。

3.单选题At first, movies were little more than amusing that appeared to move.问题1选项A.novelsB.noveltiesC.noticesD.novices【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。

【北大考博辅导班】北大化学与分子工程学院申博考博条件考博目录选拔方式考博经验启道考博分享一、北大化学与分子工程学院简介-启道北京大学化学系肇始于1910年成立的京师大学堂格致科化学门，是国立大学中最早设立的化学系，1994年更名为化学与分子工程学院（以下简称化学学院）。

北京大学化学学科是国家一级重点学科和“国家理科基础科学研究和教学人才培养基地”；在历次教育部全国高校一级学科评估中均名列榜首；在全球高校化学院（系）的相关学科评估与排名中位列15名左右。

化学学院始终以培养具有独立思辨能力和国际竞争力的杰出人才为使命；针对化学中的关键科学问题开展研究；同时注重与生命和材料等学科的交叉融合。

化学学院目前下设有无机化学研究所、分析化学研究所、有机化学研究所、物理化学研究所和理论与计算化学研究所等5个研究所，高分子科学与工程系、应用化学系和化学生物学系等3个系，以及化学基础教学实验中心。

学院管理运行两个国家重点实验室、两个教育部重点实验室、一个国防重点学科实验室、北京大学分析测试中心和北京核磁共振中心。

北京大学新设立的两个交叉学科平台-“合成与功能生物分子中心”和“软物质科学与工程中心”-也挂靠在化学学院。

国家科技部于2003年底批准北京大学化学学院与中国科学院化学研究所联合筹建“北京分子科学国家实验室”，并在2007年12月通过建设论证。

化学学院具有优良的教学科研条件。

由无机化学、分析化学、有机化学、物理化学和化学工程基础等5个基础课实验室以及综合化学实验室组成的基础实验教学中心的总使用面积达4800多平方米。

全院拥有总价值超过4亿元的各类科学仪器和教学设备，为学生的系统实验训练和综合素质培养以及师生员工的教学与科研工作提供了充分的保障。

二、北大化学与分子工程学院博士报名条件及资料-启道1、须符合我校招生简章中规定的博士研究生报考条件;2、申请者的学历学位必须符合下述条件之一：①已获得硕士或博士学位;②应届硕士或博士毕业生(须在入学前取得相应的学位)。

北京大学考博英语必备词汇知识点历年考博英语知识的运用的考查点都离不开词汇、语法和结构的运用，对于考博英语词汇后缀词也是要求同学们着重记忆的，下面育明考博张老师整理汇总了各种情况下常用的词汇后缀词，希望方便同学们更好的复习。

需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。

一.具有抽象名词的含义1)-acy,表示性质，状态，境遇accuracy,diplomacy2)-age,表示状态，行为，身份及其结果，总称courage,storage,marriage3)-al,表示事物的动作，过程refusal,arrival,survival,denial,approvalb)表示具体的事物manual,signal,editorial,journal4)-ance,-ence表示性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度endurance,importance,diligence,difference,obedience5)-ancy,-ency,表示性质，状态，行为，过程frequency,urgency,efficiency,6)-bility,表示动作，性质，状态possibility,feasibility,7)-craft,表示工艺，技巧woodcraft,handicraft,statecraft(治国策)8)-cracy,表示统治，支配bureaucracy,democracy9)-cy,表示性质，状态，职位，级别bankruptcy(破产)，supremacy10)-dom,表示等级，领域，状态freedom,kingdom,wisdom11)-ery,-ry,表示行为，状态，习性bravery,bribery,rivalry2.具有某种职业或动作的人1)-an,-ian,表示……地方的人，精通……的人American,historian2)-al,表示具有……职务的人principal3)-ant,-ent,表示……者merchant,agent,servant,student4)-ar,表示……的人scholar,liar,peddler5)-ard,-art,表示做……的人coward,laggard(落伍者)，braggart(夸张者) 6)-arian,表示……派别的人，……主义的人humanitarian,vegetarian7)-ary,表示从事……的人secretary,missionary8)-ant,表示具有……职责的人candidate,graduate9)-ator,表示做……的人educator,speculator(投机者)10)-crat,表示某种政体，主义的支持者democrat,bureaucrat11)-ee,表示动作承受者employee,examinee12)-eer,表示从事于……人engineer,volunteer13)-er,表示从事某种职业的人，某地区，地方的人banker,observer,Londoner,villager14)-ese,表示……国人，………地方的人Japanese,Cantonese15)-ess,表示阴性人称名词actress,hostess,manageress16)-eur,表示……家amateur,litterateur17)-ian,表示……地方人，信仰……教的人，从事……职业的人Christian,physician(内科医生)，musician18)-ician,表示精通者，……家electrician,magician,technician19)-icist,表示……家，……者，……能手physicist,phoneticist,technicist20)-ic,表示……者，……师mechanic,critic21)-ie,表示爱，指小dearie,auntie,lassie(小姑娘)22)-ier,表示从事……职业cavalier,clothier,brazier(黄铜匠)23)-ine,ina,表示阴性人称heroine,ballerina24)-ist,表示从事……研究者，信仰……主义者pianist,communist,dentist,artist,chemist 25)-ive,表示动作者，行为者native,captive26)-logist,表示……学家，研究者biologist,geologist(地质学家)27)-or,表示……者author,doctor,operator,28)-ster,表示做……事情的人youngster,gamester(赌徒)，songster29)-yer,表示从事……职业者lawyer12)-ety,表示性质，状态variety,dubiety(怀疑)13)-faction,-facture,表示作成，……化，作用satisfaction,manufacture14)-hood,表示资格，身份，年纪，状态childhood,manhood,falsehood15)-ice,表示行为，性质，状态notice,justice,service16)-ine,表示带有抽象概念medicine,discipline,famine17)-ing,表示动作的过程，结果building,writing,learning18)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示行为的过程，结果，状况action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression, correction19)-ise,表示性质，状态exercise,merchandise(商业)20)-ism,表示制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism21)-ity,表示性质，状态，程度purity,reality,ability,calamity22)-ment,表示行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument23)-mony,表示动作的结果，状态ceremony,testimony24)-ness,表示性质，状态，程度goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness25)-or,-our,表示动作，性质，状态favor,error26)-osity,表示动作，状态curiosity27)-ship,表示情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业hardship,membership,friendship28)-th,表示动作，性质，过程，状态depth,wealth,truth,length,growth29)-tude,表示性质，状态，程度latitude,altitude(海拔)30)-ure,表示行为，结果exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续) 31)-y,表示行为的结果，状态，性质glory,history,victory,inquiry3.带有场所、地方的含义1)-age,表示住所，地点village,cottage2)-ary,表示住所，场地library,granary(谷仓)3)-ery,ry,表示工作场所，饲养所，地点laundry,nursery,surgery(手术室)4)-ory,表示工作场所，住处factory,dormitory,laboratory,observatory4.带有学术，科技含义1)-grapy,表示……学，写法biography,calligraphy,geography2)-ic,ics,表示……学……法logic,mechanics,optics,electronics3)-ology,表示……学……论biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)4)-nomy,表示……学……术astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学)5)-ery,表示学科，技术chemistry,cookery,machinery6)-y,表示……学，术，法photography,philosophy5.表示人和事物的总和，集合含义1)-age,baggage,tonnage2)-dom,newspaperdom(新闻界)3)-hood,neighbourhood,womanhood4)-ery,cavalry,ministry(内阁)5)-ure,legislature,judicature6.表示物品和物质名称的含义1)-ant,ent,solvent,constant2)-al,signal,pictorial(画报)3)ar,collar,pillar(石柱)4)-er,boiler,computer,washer,cooker5)-ery,drapery(绸缎)6)-ing,clothing,matting,7)-ment,instrument,equipment,attachment7.表示细小的含义1)-cle,particle,2)-cule,molecule(分子)3)-el,parcel4)-en,chicken,maiden5)-et,pocket,ticket6)-etta,-ette,etto,cigarette,essayette(短文)7)-kin,napkin8)-ling,duckling,9)-let,booklet10)-y,baby,doggy二、形容词后缀1.带有属性，倾向，相关的含义1)-able,-ible,movable,comfortable,applicable,visible, responsible2)-al,natural,additional,educational3)-an,ane,urban,suburban,republican4)-ant,-ent,distant,important,excellent5)-ar,similar,popular,regular6)-ary,military,voluntary7)-ice,-atie,ical,politic,systematic,historic,physical,8)-ine,masculine,feminine,marine9)-ing,moving,touching,daring10)-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish11)-ive,active,impressive,decisive12)-ory,satisfactory,compulsory13)-il,-ile,-eel,fragile,genteel(文雅的)2.表示相象，类似的含义1)-ish,boyish,childish2)-esque,picturesque3)-like,manlike,childlike4)-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly5)-some,troublesome,handsome6)-y,milky,pasty3.表示充分的含义1)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful2)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various3)-ent,violent,4.表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义1)-en,wooden,golden,woolen2)-ous,gaseous3)-fic,scientific5.表示方向的含义1)-ern,eastern,western2)-ward,downward,forward6.表示倍数的含义1)-ble,double,treble2)ple,triple3)-fold,twofold,tenfold7.表示数量关系的含义1)-teen,thirteen2)-ty,fifty3)-th,fourth,fiftieth8.表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义1)-an,Roman,European2)-ese,Chinese,3)-ish,English,Spanish9.表示比较程度的含义1)-er,greater2)-ish,reddish,yellowish3)-est,highest4)-most,foremost,topmost10.其他的含义-less,表示否定countless,stainless,wireless三、动词后缀1.-ize,ise,表示做成，变成，……化modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize2.-en,表示使成为，引起，使有quicken,weaken,soften,harden3.-fy,表示使……化，使成beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify中国考博辅导首选学校4.-ish,表示使，令finish,abolish,diminish,establish5.-ate,表示成为……,处理，作用separate,operate,indicate四、副词后缀1.-ly,possibly,swiftly,simply2.-ward,-wards,downward,inwards,upward3.-ways,always,sideways4.-wise,otherwise,clockwise本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

北京大学考博英语试题结构分析及考核要点北京大学考博英语的测试时间为3个小时，试卷分为听力（outline和spot dictation）、词汇、阅读、完型（有时无选项）、改错（无选项）、作文六个部分。

华慧老师根据近几年来的真题进行了分析，并列表如下：考核要求：除医学考博英语外，其他专业的考博英语由全国各大院校自主命题，而且各院校的考核要求水平也有差异，其中北京大学的考博英语对考生的具体要求如下：词汇方面，需要考生掌握8000~10000单词，900常用动词短语。

当然，一般掌握了六级及硕士研究生入学考试的词汇，通过考博英语也没有多大问题，只是词汇题可能失去少数分数。

长期关注和研究考博英语试题，反对有些所谓考博英语词汇书所讲的考博需要掌握1万甚至1万以上词汇的观点。

事实上，背诵那么多词汇是没有多大意义的，考博英语考查的重点不是考生掌握了多少词汇，而是阅读、翻译、写作能力。

所以，词汇够用即可，建议复习自己当年很熟悉的考研词汇、六级词汇，然后略加拓展，如可看看公共英语等级考试五级词汇、新托福词汇、部分GRE词汇。

有些院校公布了词汇表或参考词汇表，但实际出题人并不怎么按大纲出题。

英语说到底还是个水平问题。

语法方面，北京大学考博英语试题都不直接考查语法，但语法有必要全面复习一下。

这也不怎么花费时间。

阅读方面，能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论，比如经济人网；能分析上蔟体裁文章的思想观点。

能在6分钟内速度600字左右的文章，并掌握文章的主旨和大意，理解事实和细节。

写作方面，一般都是命题作文，即给定题目写一篇300词左右的议论文。

但北京大学也出现过主观提纲作文，这类命题形式可能还会采用。

作文应当认真准备。

这是容易得分也容易失分的项目。

要求考生写作速度为50分钟300个单词，思路清晰、内容充实、语言通顺。

北京大学考博辅导班简介：北大考博英语在所有考博院校试题中最难，如何一次顺利通过考试呢？☆北大考博英语难度六级以上，没有固定的大纲，如何进行突破呢？☆北大考博英语词汇量八千到一万，甚至更多，怎样在短时间内完全掌握?☆北大考博英语阅读量大，长难句较多，做题错误较多，如何才能提高阅读速度、提高正确率？☆工作较忙，每天只能抽2-3个小时的学习时间，怎样才能提高学习效率?☆英语基础不好，四级过了很多年，工作学习中接触英语的机会又不多?大部分都忘了？☆复习了一段时间，把握不了重难点。

北京化工大学考博英语复习备考重点暑期复习已经过半，不知道2015的考生们复习情况如何，是不是在忙于阅读复习的过程中忽视了对单词的记忆呢?烈日酷暑，考生们在煎熬中备考着实不易。

下面，育明考博李老师为考生们总结了一个新的单词记忆方法——通过连贯的句子可把枯燥无味的单词串联起来，希望能够给考生的复习带来一捧清新的空气。

需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。

1.The ring on the spring string rings during springtime.弹簧弦上的环在春天鸣响。

2.Shut in the hut,I'm puzzled how to cut down the output of nuts.关在茅棚里,我为削减坚果的产量犯难。

3.It's better to put letters at the inlet and outlet.最好在进口和出口处标上字母.4.During this serious period,the superierrorries of questions about the supermarket.在这段严肃时间内,上级问了下级一连串有关超级市场的问题。

5.I tuned the tone of the stone phone with a bone.我用骨头调整了石质耳机的音调.6.On Revenue avenue,the grave traveler jumped the gravestone bravely.在税收大道上,严肃的旅行者勇敢地跳过墓碑.7.The slave safely saved the sharp shavers in a cave nearby the cafeteria.奴隶将锋利的剃刀安全地保存在自助餐厅附近的洞穴里.8.Most hosts are hostile to the foremost ghost hostage almost to the utmost.大多数主人对最前面的幽灵人质的敌对态度几乎到了极顶.9.The mapper trapped in the gap tapped the tap wrapper with strap.陷在缝中的制图者用皮带轻击塞子套.10.The scout with shoulder-straps shouted on the outermost route as a routine.戴肩章的侦察员照例在最外围的路线上叫喊.11.The reproached coach unloaded the loaves to the approachable roadside.遭到责备的教练把面包卸到可接近的路旁.12.The news about the broadened breadth is broadcast abroad.宽度加宽的消息被广播到国外.13.The motive of the emotional movie is to move the removed men.那部情感电影的动机在于感动被开除的人。

北京大学化学与分子工程学院★化学（应用化学）考研英语考试不等于背单词由于多年英语的学习，很多人认为，英语学习就是单词积累的过程，而考研英语也是如此，如果这样认为就大错特错了，考研英语并不等于背单词，大量的词汇积累也是很有必要的，而单纯的背记单词也是不可取的。

联系我们扣扣：四九三三七一六二六。

电话：四零零六六八六九七八。

针对目前考研考生们存在的考研英语问题，太奇考研老师为各位考生做出以下的建议：勿将考试与背单词划等号无论是中学还是大学，如不是特殊职业需要，我们学习英语的终极目的就是要会表达，可是说口语的基础就是英语单词的积累，没有足够的词汇量就很难完成流利的口语交际。

但就目前的实际情况来看，我们学习英语暂时是为了应付考试。

单词记忆，可能是每个学生在准备一个英语考试时都会遇到的问题。

很多同学甚至已把"准备考试"和"背单词"之间划上了等号。

每个英语学习者都会有自己的单词记忆方式，老师传授的方法就包括联想法，词根词缀法，谐音法，象形法等不下数十种的记忆法。

我们背单词的目的其实是为了更好的用好单词，而非单纯应付考试。

单词记多了对考试固然有用，但单词记得多，是否会用这不能划等号。

虽然我国如今口头上还是应试教育，但实质上相比以前以后很大改善，在考试出题上以后很大变化，考研英语考察的不仅仅是单词的积累，更是对英语作为一门语言文化的理解。

结合语境和背景记忆单词针对考研英语的单词，考生们该如何记忆才算科学呢？背单词的方法很多，但终极办法只有一个：重复记忆。

所以，我们背单词的时候一定要注意，将一个单词放在不同的语境中，不同的背景下，反复出现。

一个单词，要在单词书上看它，在阅读文章中理解它，在例句中掌握它，并在写作中使用它。

只有在不同的场景下，看到同一个单词，并能对其核心的意思有个透彻的理解，我们才能说这个单词我们"背"下来了。

其实考研英语对于认知单词要求的范围并不广泛。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Sales of mushrooms have hit an all-time high as Britons increasingly turn to the cheap and （） foodstuff for their cooking.问题1选项A.versatileB.multipleC.manifoldD.diverse【答案】A【解析】考查近义词辨析。

versatile“多才多艺的，多用途的”；multiple“多重的，复合的”；manifold“多方面的，各式各样的”；diverse“不同的，各种各样的”。

句意：蘑菇的销量创下历史新高，因为英国人越来越多致力于寻找便宜的、多用途的食材做饭。

因此A选项符合题意。

2.单选题The European Parliament has banned the terms “Miss” and “Mrs” they offend female members.问题1选项A.as long asB.the momentC.so thatD.in case【答案】D【解析】考查逻辑关系。

as long as“只要”；the moment“一……就……”；so that“所以，以便”；in case“万一，假使”。

句意：欧洲议会禁止使用“小姐”和“夫人”这两个词，以防它们冒犯女性议员。

因此D选项符合题意。

3.单选题The structure of the global economy（）that developing nations put all their efforts into raising cash — usually by exporting whatever virgin resources the industrial world might desire.问题1选项A.dictatesB.regulatesC.allowsD.appeals【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。

Part Two: Structure and Written Expression20Directions: In each question decide which of four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the ANSWERSHEET.21.The nuclear family __________ a self-contained, self-satisfying unit composed of father, mother and children.A. refers toB. definesC. describesD. devotes to22.Some polls show that roughly two-thirds of the general public believe thatelderly Americans are________ by social isolation and loneliness.A. reproachedB. favoredC. plaguedD. reprehended23.In addition to bettering group and individual performance, cooperation ________ the quality of interpersonal relationship.A. ascendsB. compelsC. enhancesD. prefers24.In the past 50 years, there ________ a great increase in the amount of research_____on the human brain.A. was⋯ didB. has been⋯ to be doneC. was⋯ doingD. has been⋯ done25. “I must have eaten something wrong. I feel like. ”“ Wetold you not to eat at a restaurant.You’d better _______ at home when you are not in theshape. ”A. to throw up⋯ to eatB. throwing up⋯ eatingC. to throw up⋯ eatD. throwing up⋯ eat26. Parent shave to show due concerns to theirchildren’s creativity and emotional output; otherwise what they think beneficial to the kids might probably _______ their enthusiasm and aspirations.A. hold backB. hold toC. hold downD. hold over27.According to psychoanalysis, aperson ’s attention is attracted ________ by the intensity of different signals ________ by their context, significance, andinformation content.A. not less than ⋯ asB. as⋯ justasC. so much⋯ asD. not so much⋯ as 28.They moved to Portland in1998 and lived in a big house, _______ to the south.A. the windows of which openedB. the windows of it openedC. itswindows opened D. the windows of which opening29.The lady who has_______ for a night in the dead of the winter later turned out to bea distant relation of his.A. put him upB. put him outC. put him onD. put him in30.By standers,_______,_________ as they walked past lines of ambulances.A. bloody and covered with dust, looking dazedB. bloodied and covered with dust, looked dazedC. bloody and covered with dust, looked dazedD. bloodied and covered with dust, looking dazed31.Hong Kong was not a target for terror attacks, the Government insisted yesterday, as the US________ closed for an apparent security review.32.American fans have selected Yao in a vote for the All-Star game ______the legendary O’ Neal,who ______ the “ GreatWall ”at the weekend as the Rockets beat the Los Angeles Lakers.-A. in head of, ran onB. in head of, ran intoC. ahead of, ran ontoD. ahead of, ran into33.Professional archivists and librarians have the resources to duplicate materials in other formats and the expertise to retrieve materials trapped in _________ computers.A. abstractB. obsoleteC. obstinateD. obese34.She always prints important documents and stores a backup set at her house“I. actually think there ’s something about the______ of paper that feels morecomforting. ”She said.A. tangibilityB. tanglednessC. tangentD. tantalization35. “ Theysaid what we alwaysknew, ”said an administration source,___________.A. he asked not to be namedB. who asked not to be namedC.who asked not be named D. who asked not named36.In Germany, the industrial giants Daimler Chrysler and Siemens recently_______their unions into signing contracts that lengthen work hours without increasing pay.A. muscledB. movedC. mushedD. muted37.He argues that the policy has done little to ease joblessness, and has leftthe country_______.38.The more people hear his demented rants, the more they see that he isa terrorist_______.A. who is pure and simpleB. being pure and simpleC.pure and simple D. as pure and simple39.This expansion of rights has led to both a paralysis of the public service and toa rapid and terrible ________ in the character of the population.A. determinationB. deteriorationC. desolationD. desperation40._______ a declining birthrate, there will be an over-supply of 27,000 primary school places by 2010, _______ leaving 35 school sidle.B. Coupling with, equivalent toC. Coupled with, equivalent toD. Coupling with, equals toPart Three: Reading Comprehension 10Passage One The HeroMy mother ’s parents came from Hungary, but my grandfather could trace his origin to Germany and also he was educated in Germany. Although he was able to hold a conversation in nine languages, he was most comfortable in German. Every morning, before going to his office, he read the German language newspaper, which was American owned and published in New York.My grandfather was the only one in his family to come to the United States with his wife and children. He still had relatives living in Europe. When the first world war broke out, he lamented the fact that if my uncle, his only son had to go, it would be cousin fighting against cousin. In the early days of the war, my grandmother begged him to stop taking the German newspaper and to take an English language newspaper, instead. He scoffed at the idea, explaining that the fact it was in German did not make it a German newspaper, but only an American newspaper, printed in German. But my grandmother insisted, for fear that the neighbors may see him read it and think he was German. So, he finally gave up the German newspaper.One day, the inevitable happened and my uncle Milton received notice to join the army. My grandparents were very upset, but my mother, his little sister, was excited. Now she could boast about her soldier brother going off to war. She was ten years old at the time, and my uncle, realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and her friends, went out and bought them all service pins, which meant that they had a loved one in the service. All the little girls were delighted. When the day came for him to leave, his whole regiment, in their uniforms, left together from the same train station. There was a band playing and my mother and her friends came to see him off. Each one wore her service pin and waved a small American flag, cheering the boys, as they left.The moment came and the soldiers, all very young, none of whom had had any training, but who had never the less all been issued uniforms, boarded the train. The band played and the crowd cheered. The train groaned as if it knew the destiny to which it was taking its passengers, but it soon began to move. Still cheering and waving their flags, the band still playing, the train slowly departed the station.It had gone about a thousand yards when it suddenly ground to a halt. The band stopped playing, the crowd stopped cheering. Everyone gazed in wonder as the train slowly backed up and returned to the station. It seemed an eternity until the doors opened and the men started to file out. Someone shouted,“ It the’s armistice. The war is over. ”For a moment, nobody moved, but then the people heard someone bark orders at the soldiers. The men lined up and formed into two lines. They walked down the steps and, with the band playing behind, paraded down the street, as returning heroes, to be welcomed home by the assembled crowd. The next day my uncle returned to his job, and my grandfather resumed reading the German newspaper, which he read until the day he died.41. Where was thenarrator family’s when this story took place?A. In Germany.B. In Hungary.C. In the United StatesD. In New York.42.His grandfather ____________.A. could not speak and read English well enoughB. knew nine languages equally wellC. knew a number of languages, but felt more kin to GermanD. loved German best because it made him think of home43.His grandmother did not want her husband to buy and read newspapers in German, because ________.A. it was war time and Germans were their enemyB. the neighbors would mistake them as pro-GermanC.it was easier to get newspapers in English in AmericaD. nobody else read newspapers in German during the wartime44. The narrator mother’s wanted her brother to go to fight in the war,because________.A. like everybody else at the wartime, she was verypatriotic B. she hated the war and the Germans very muchC. all her friends had relatives in war and she wanted to be likethem D. she liked to have a brother she could think of as a heroPassage TwoWaking Up from the American DreamsThere has been much talk recently about the phenomenon of“ Wal-Martization of”America, which refers to the attempt of America ’s giant Wal-Mart chain store company to keep its cost at rock-bottom levels. For years, many American companies have embraced Wal-Mart-like stratagems to control labor costs, such as hiring temps (temporary workers) and part-timers, fighting unions, dismantling internal career ladders and outsourcing to lower paying contractors at home and abroad.While these tactics have the admirable outcome of holding down consumer prices, they ’ costlyre in other ways. More than a quarter of the labor force, about 34 million workers, is trapped in low-wage, often dead-end jobs. Many middle-income and high-skilled employees face fewer opportunities, too, as companies shift work to subcontract or sand temps agencies and move white-collar jobs to China and India. The result has been an erosion of one ofAmerica ’s most cherished value: giving its people the ability to move up the economic ladder over their life times. Historically, most Americans, even low-skilled ones, were able to find poorly paid janitorial or factory jobs, then gradually climbed into the middleclass as they gained experience and moved up the wage curve. But the number of workers progressing upward began to slip in 1970s. Upward mobility diminished even more in the 1980s as globalization and technology slammed blue-collar wages.Restoring American mobility is less a question of knowing what to do than of making it happen. Experts have decriedschools in’adequacy for years, but fixing them is a long, arduous struggle. Similarly, there have been plenty of warnings about declining college access, but finding funds was difficult even in eras of large surpluses.45. The American dream in this passage mainly refers to____________.A. there are always possibilities offered to people to develop themselves in the societyB. Americans can always move up the pay ladderC. American young people can have access to college, even they arepoor D. the labor force is not trapped in low-wage and dead-end jobs46.Wal-Mart strategy, according to this passage, is to___________.A. hire temps and part-timers to reduce its costB. outsource its contracts to lower price agencies at home andabroad C. hold down its consumer price by controlling its labor costsD. dismantle the career ladder and stop peopl’s mobilityupward 47. Which of the following statements is NOTTRUE?A. Wal-Martization has been successful in keeping costs at rock-bottom levels.B. Upward mobility for low-skilled workers has become impossible in the U.S.C. More business opportunities are given to low-cost agencies in China and India.D. Although people know how to restore American mobility, it ’s difficult to change the present situation.Passage Three Seniors and the CityTens of thousands of retirees are pulling up stakes in suburban areas and fashioning their own retirement communities in the heart of the bustling city. They are looking for what most older people want: a home with no stairs and low crime rates. And theyare willing to exchange regular weekly golf time for rich cultural offerings, young neighbors and plenty of good restaurants. Spying an opportunity, major real-estate developer shave broken ground on urban sites they intended to market to suburbanretirees. These seniors are already changing the face of big cities. One developer,Fran Mc Carthy asks: “ Whoever thought that suburban flight would beroundtrip? ”The trickle of older folks returning to the city has grown into a steady stream. While some cities, especially those with few cultural offerings, have seen an exodus of seniors, urban planners say others have become retirees magnets. Between 1999 and 2000, the population of 64-to-75-year-olds in downtown Chicago rose 17 percent. Austin, New Orleans, and Los Angeles have seen double-digit increases as well. There may be hidden health benefits to city living. A study reveals that moving from suburbs to the city can ward off the byproduct of aging--- social isolation. In the next six years, downtowns are expected to grow even grayer. For affluent retirees, city life is an increasingly popular option.48.Retired seniors are moving back into the city because____________.A. they find there are too many crimes in the suburbsB. unlike the flats in the city, their country house have stairs to climbC. they are no longer interested in playing golfD. in the city, they have more social and cultural life againstloneliness 49. From the passage we can infer that_________.A. the real-estate developers have broken their original contracts of constructionwith senior retireesB. a life in the downtown city is expensive, and most of those retirees who movedback into the city are very well-offC. with more older people living in the city, the city will become gray and less beautifulD. very soon the American suburban areas will face their low population crisis50. Fran Mc Carthy ’s question means: nobody ever thought that__________.A. people who moved out of the city decades ago now would move backB. suburban dwellers when moving back into the city must take roundtripC. suburban flight years ago would go in circlesD. senior people ’s moving back into the city would take place all over theUnited StatesDirections: Read the following passage carefully and then explain in your ownEnglish the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts. Put your answerson ANSWERSHEET(2)15(51)Being angry increases the risk of injury, especially among men, new research says. There searchers gathered data on more than 2,400 accident victims at three Missouri hospitals. They interviewed each subject to determine thepatient ’s emotional statejust before the injury and 24 hours earlier, gathering data on whether the patients felt irritable, angry or hostile, and to what degree. Then they compared the results witha control group of uninjured people.(52)Despite widespread belief in“ roadrage, ”anger did not correlate with injuries from traffic accidents.(53)Not surprisingly, anger was strongly associated with injuries inflicted deliberately. But other injuries–those neither intentionally inflicted nor from falls or trafficaccidents–also showed strong associations with anger.(54)The correlations were significantly weaker for women than for men, but there were no differences by race. The authors acknowledge that their data depend on self-reports, which are not always reliable.(55)Why anger correlates with injury is not known. “I can speculate that the anger may have prompted some behavior that led to the injury, or may have simply distracted the person, leading indirectly to the injury, said” the study ’s lead author.Part Four: Cloze Test10Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then fill in each numberedblank with ONE suitable word to complete the passage. Put your answers on ANSWERSHEET (2).Last year French drivers killed(56)_______ than 5,000 people on the roads for the first time in decades. Credit goes largely(57)________ the 1,000 automated radar cameras planted on the nation ’s high ways since 2003, which experts reckon(58)_______ 3,000 lives last year. Success, of course breeds success: the government plans toinstall 500(59)______radar devices this year.So it goes with surveillance these days. Europeans used to look at the security cameras posted in British cities, subways and buses(60)_______ the seeds of an Orwellian world that was largely unacceptable in Continental Europe. But lastyear ’s London bombing,in which video cameras(61)________a key role in identifying the perpetrators, have helped spuraseachange. A month(62)_______ the London attacks, half of Germans supported EU-wide plans to require Internet providers and telecoms to store all e-mail, Internet and phone data for“ anti-terror” (63) a.InBritish poll, 73 percent of respondents said they were(64)_______ to give up some civil liberty toimprove(65)________.Part Five: Proof reading 10Directions: In the following passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, ONE in each numbered and underlined part. You may have to change a word, add a word, or just delete a word. If you change a word, cross it with a slash(/) and write the correct word beside it. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words (in brackets) immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash(/). Put your answer on ANSWERSHEET(2).Examples:eg.1(66)The meeting begun 2 hours ago.Correction put on the ANSWERSHEET(2):(66)begun beganeg.2(67) Scarcely they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre when the curtain went up.Correction put on the ANSWERSHEET(2):(67)(Scarcely) had (they)eg.3(68)Never will I not do it again.Correction put on the ANSWERSHEET(2):(68)not(66)Application files are piled highly this month in colleges across the country.(67) Admissions officers are poring essays and recommendation letters, scouring transcripts and standardized test scores.(68)But anything is missing from many applications: a class ranking, once amajor component in admissions decisions.In the cat-and-mouse maneuvering over admission to prestigious colleges and universities, (69) thousands of high schools have simply stopped providing that information, concluding it could harm the chances of their very better, but not best, students.(70)Canny college officials,in turn, have found a tactical way to response.(71) Using broad data that high schools often provide, like a distribution of grade averages forentire senior class, they essentially recreate anapplicant class’s rank.(72)The process has left them exasperating.(73)“weIf’ relooking at your son or daughter and you want us to know that theyare among the best in their school, with a rank wedon’t necessarily know that, said” Jim Bock, dean of admissions and financial aid at Swarthmore College.(74)Admissions directors say strategy can backfire.When high schools do not provide enough general information to recreate the class rank calculation, (75) many admissions directors say they have little choice and to do something virtually no one wants them to do: give more weight to scores on the SAT and other standardized exams.Part Six: Writing15Directions: Write a short composition of about 250 to 300 words on the topicgiven below. Write it neatly on ANSWERSHEET(2).Recently, a newspaper carried an article entitled:“ WeShould No Longer Force Gong Li and Zhang Yimou to Take Part in National Politics The”.article argued that some artists and film stars are unwilling or unqualified to represent the people inthePeople ’s Congress or thePeople ’s Political Consultative Conference, and they should not be forced to do so. What do you think?56. fewer 57. to 58. saved 59. more 60. as 61. played 62. after 63. purposes 64.ready/ willing 65. security北京大学 2006 年博士入学考试试题答案Listening0.5each)1-5BCAAD6-10BADCA11-15CBADA16-20BDCB ＣC1:immune C11:insufficientC2:range C12:accidentsC3:quarter C13:wheelC4:uninterrupted C14:shiftC5:tossing C15:riskC6:destined C16:deterioratesC7:claim C17:snatchC8:fooling C18:skepticalC9:deprivation C19:substituteC10:correlation C20:insomniaStructureandwrittenexpression1pointeach)21-25accdd26-30adaab 31-35cdbab 36-40abcbcReading1pointeach)41-45ccbda 46-50cbdbaParaphrasing:(3pointseach)51.According to new research, getting angry adds to the chances of gettingphysically hurt, particularly for male.52.even people generally believe that people easily get angry when driving on the road, but anger didn ’t have much/anything to do with injuries from traffic accidents,/ but not many injuries from traffic accidents are the results of anger on the road.53.It is not at all surprising that anger is a very important reason for peoplewho intentionally hurt themselves.54.We see this strong link between anger and injury more in men than in women, but different races of people did not show much variation.55.People do not know yet why anger is associated with injury.Cloze:(1pointeach)56.Fewer57.To 58.Saved 59.More 60.As 61.Played 62.After63.Purposes 64.Ready 65.SecurityProofreading:(1pointeach)66.Highly-high 67.Pore-poreover 68.Anything-something 69.Better-good70.Response-respond 71.Forentire-foranentire 72.Exasperating-exasperatedbS73.With-without 74.Strategy-thestrategy 75.And-butWriting:(15points)。

北京大学考博英语模拟试题精解47.[精解]本题考核的知识点是：被动语态、定语从句的译法。

该句的句子主干是：the mass...had always been associated with an indestructible material substance，其中完成时的被动语态had been associated with，可译成“总是与...相关联”。

with some“stuff”of which引导的定语从句修饰indestructible material substance，翻译的时候应该按照汉语习惯，将定语前置，放到所修饰的名词前面。

可直译为“所有物质被认为是由这种物质构成的”，或意译为“这是构成一切物质的东西”。

考生应该注意of与be made是词组be made of被分隔了的形式，译成“由...构成的”。

词汇：classical“经典的，古典的”，在该句中取其第二种含义，译成“古典物理”。

48.[精解]本题考核知识点：同位语、宾语从句、定语从句、现在分词作定语的译法。

该句的句子主干是The fact means that...，fact后是that引导的同位语从句，同位语从句的翻译和定语从句翻译有很多相似之处，如果句子较长，可单独成句，并用“这一事实...”将从句和主语连接在一起，that可以省略不译。

Means后是that引导的宾语从句，其中有两个并列的谓语：can no longer be seen as和has to be conceived as，译为“不能再被看成...，而应该被看成...”。

a process是宾语补足语a dynamic pattern 的同位语，可以译成并列结构。

Involving...部分是现在分词作定语，修饰a process，按照汉语习惯译成“与……有关的过程”。

Which...mass是定语从句，修饰the energy，可译成“表现为粒子质量的能量。

北京大学城市与环境学院考博参考书-考博分数线-专业课真题一、专业的设置北京大学城市与环境学院共招生41人，共有6个专业，分别为自然地理学、人文地理学、地理学（环境地理学）、地理学（历史地理学）、第四纪地质学、生态学。

学院实行“申请-考核制”招生方式。

二、招生专业及人数系所名称城市与环境学院招生总数41系所说明2015年实行“申请-考核制”招生方式，详细说明请见本院网页。

招生专业：自然地理学（070501）研究方向指导教师考试科目备注01.资源管理与区域（旅游）开发面试，面试成绩即为复试考核总成绩。

02.土地科学03.景观生态与土地利用04.区域生态安全与风险研究05.流域综合管理06.流域地表过程07.古水文及环境变化08.生态物候学09.植被动态与气候变化10.土地利用变化与生态系统碳循环11.植被地理学12.土壤微生物学与生物地球化学13.气候地貌学14.地貌过程与沉积15.环境演变与环境考古16.应用地貌学与地理信息系统17.构造地貌学18.气候变化与区域响应和适应招生专业：人文地理学（070502）研究方向指导教师考试科目备注01.区域发展与城市规划专业笔试+面试，笔试和面试成绩各占30%和70%。

02.房地产研究03.城市与区域规划04.城市设计05.经济地理与产业发展06.城市与区域经济07.交通规划与管理08.世界遗产研究09.国家风景名胜区研究10.城市社会地理学11.城市空间结构与规划12.城市游憩与旅游规划13.旅游功能区规划与设计14.城市与公共经济15.地方财政与税收研究16.景观规划与设计17.城市规划与设计18.土地利用、评价与规划19.建筑设计及其理论招生专业：地理学（环境地理学）（070520）研究方向指导教师考试科目备注01.区域环境过程与模拟面试，面试成绩即为复试考核总成绩。

02.环境生物地球化学03.环境毒理和风险分析招生专业：地理学（历史地理学）（070521）研究方向指导教师考试科目备注01.历史人文地理专业笔试+面试，笔试和面试成绩各占50%。

【北大考博辅导班】北大原子与分子物理博士专业介绍申博考博条件考博目录选拔方式考博经验启道考博分享一、北大原子与分子物理专业介绍-启道本专业主要培养具有坚实的物理基础，掌握必要的数学或实验手段，了解学科发展前沿，能够从事原子与分子物理方面的科研教学的高层次、全面发展的学术型人才。

毕业生既可以继续攻读博士学位或赴海外深造，也可以在科研机构、高等院校、国家政府部门和相关领域从事物理方面的教学、服务和管理工作，或在信息、材料、能源等相关高技术的企事业单位从事技术性工作。

目前原子与物理专业的主要研究方向有：超冷原子分子物理、量子光学、介观量子体系的物性研究和操控、量子信息和量子计算。

主要开设高等量子力学、群论、量子统计物理、量子光学、超冷原子气体物理、量子信息和量子计算导论、量子场论、固体理论、计算物理、凝聚态物理学导论等专业课程。

基于EBIT装置在高电荷离子物理方面主要开展如下研究离子的亚稳态以及禁戒跃迁的研究；极端高电荷离子与超强超快激光的相互作用的研究；极端强场中电子行为的研究；高电荷离子的全信息碰撞研究；高电荷离子与电子的碰撞理论研究；高电荷离子的相对论能级结构以及QED效应研究；离子的亚稳态以及禁戒跃迁的研究。

天体等离子体及聚变等离子体的精密分解研究。

核物理与原子物理交叉学科研究。

激光在原子分子光谱中的应用；原子分子光谱技术与应用；等离子体光谱诊断；激光负离子脱附电子动量谱的研究；原子自旋的极化及应用。

激光与物质相互作用方面强激光与物质的相互作用和激光加速器的原理。

重点研究一种新的真空激光加速机制，简称俘获加速机制。

该机制可应用于发展新一代小型化高能电子加速器。

发展激光场与多电子原子（包括高离化态离子）和多原子分子相互作用的非微扰含时理论，试图精确描写包括飞秒激光脉冲驱动在内的瞬态过程(高次谐波，相干X射线，团簇异构，光量子信息的写入和读出，等)。

在上述理论的指导下，利用本实验室的单纵模激光系统和正在建造的EBIT装置进行有关的实验研究。

北大考博辅导：北京大学英语语言文学考博难度解析及经验分享根据教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心最新公布的第四轮学科评估结果可知，在2018-2019年英语语言文学专业考研学校排名中，排名第一的是上海外国语大学，排名第二的是北京大学，排名第三的是四川外国大学。

作为北京大学实施国家“211工程”和“985工程”的重点学科，外国语学院的英语语言文学一级学科在历次全国学科评估中均名列第二。

下面是启道考博整理的关于北京大学英语语言文学考博相关内容。

一、专业介绍英语语言文学专业是属于文学类外国语言文学下的一个学科。

有翻译理论与实践、英美文学、比较文学等主要研究方向。

本学科培养学生了解本学科的研究现状和发展趋势;具有严谨、求实的学风和独立从事科学研究的能力与实践能力;具有较强的外语运用能力，能胜任高校外语教学与研究及涉外工作、且具有独立工作能力的高层次、高素质的专门人才。

北京大学外国语学院的英语语言文学专业在博士招生方面，划分为2个研究方向：050201英语语言文学研究方向：01.英美文学与文学理论；02.翻译研究此专业实行申请考核制。

二、考试内容北京大学英语语言文学专业博士研究生招生为资格审查加综合考核形式，由笔试+专业面试构成。

其中，综合考核内容为:1、外国语学院将组织专家组对申请人的申请材料进行初审，初审结果将于2019年3月公布。

2、对通过初审的申请者采取笔试与面试相结合的方式进行复试，主要考核考生学科背景知识、专业素质、思维能力、创新能力等；3、复试考核时间：2019年3月，包括笔试和面试。

4、笔试、面试各占50%，任意一项不合格不予录取。

对于考核合格考生，学院博士生招生工作小组将从中择优确定拟录取名单，经研究生院批准后公示十个工作日。

四、申请材料（1）北京大学2019年攻读博士学位研究生报考登记表：请在规定的报名时间内登陆北京大学研究生招生网（网址：https:///applications/）进行网上报名，上传相关材料，并打印“北京大学2019年攻读博士学位研究生报考登记表”（有两处需考生本人签名）。