一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用
that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:
This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
学习某些重点难点的时候，要抱有一种“空杯归零”的学习态度，这样才能学得更扎实。---By Annie
用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、whom 、whose
1. This is the man ________ wants to see you.
2. The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.
3. The man __________ you went to see has come.
4. The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money.
5. The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher.
6. The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there.
7. The person ______________ you should write to is Mr. Ball.
8. The man ___________was passing by saw what happened.
9. Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.
10. These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.
11. The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.
12. A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time.
13. This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.
14. A dictionary is a book _____________ gives the meaning to the word.
15. The book ____________ is on the table is mine.
16. The film ____________ they are talking about is very interesting.
17. I will never forget the people and the places _____I have ever visited.
18. Is there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing?
19. Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer.
20. The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English.
单项选择
( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. whose ( ) 2. What’s the name of the program________.
A. which are listening
B. you are listening to
C. to that you are listening
D. that you are listening
( ) 3. The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.
A. in which
B. in that this
C. all that
D. in everything
( ) 4. He was the only person in his office______ was invited.
A. whom
B. whose
C. that
D. which
( ) 5. This is the museum______ we visited last year.
A. where
B. in which
C. which
D. in that
( ) 6. Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. who
( ) 7. Do you know the student_____?
A. whom I often talk
B. with who I often talk
C. I often talk with
D. that I often talk
( ) 8. I like the house_____ windows face south.
A. whose
B. who’s
C. it's
D. its ( ) 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____?
A. what I need
B.I need
C. which I need it
D. that I need it ( )10. The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.
A. who
B. to whom
C. whom
D. that
人教版中考英语九年级英语定语从句专题练习 一、定语从句 1．The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police. A．which B．in which C．that D．all 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：女孩把她在街上捡到的所有东西都交给了警察。 考查定语从句。本句先行词everything是不定代词，应该用关系代词that引导此定语从句。故选C。 2． My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings. A．they B．who C．which D．/ 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。考查定语从句。先行词stories（故事）表示物，需用关系代词that或which，引导词同时做从句的主语，根据句意结构，故选C。 3．The book ______was written by him is very interesting. A．who B．whom C．which D．/ 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：他写的那本书很有趣。 考查关系代词。A. who代指人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；B. whom代指人，在定语从句中做宾语；C. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；D. /为不填。首先分析句子结构，可知本句为定语从句，先行词the book为物，而且从句中缺主语，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which；故答案选C。 4．The movie ____ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth. A．who B．which C．where D．when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我看过两次的电影是《流浪地球》。A. who谁，指人的引导词；B. which哪一个，指物的引导词；C. where哪里，指地点；D. when什么时间，指时间。本题考查定语从句。先行词是The movie，因此引导词用which。故选B。
一、定语从句的概念 定语从句的用法和精练 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who( 宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why 等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 （一）限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法 作用宾语 先行词主语及物动词宾语或 没被提前的介词 宾语 被提前的的介定语 词宾语 指人Who/that, as Who/whom/that, as 介词+whom Whose/of whom 指物Which/that, as That/which, as 介词+which Whose/of which 1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle玛. The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue我. 丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that 作主语) 放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that 作宾语) 2. which 用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarke位t. 家超市。(作主语) 于火车站附近的那座大楼是一
定语从句专题复习 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose(一般指人), that（指人或物）, which(指物)等。 关系副词有： when（时间）, where(地点), why（原因）等。 （1）关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 ① who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you 他就是你想见的人吗（who / that在从句中作主语） He is the man (whom/ that) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/who/that在从句中作saw的宾语,可以省略） ② whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose/of which cover（封面）is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 ③ which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： Rosa likes music that/which is quite and gentle.（which / that在句中作宾语）This is the book (that/which) I'm looking for.（which / that在句中作look for 的宾语） （2）关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 ① when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用，例如： Do you remember the day when I saw you(你还记得我见到你的那一天吗) Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗 ② that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如： His father died the year（that / when / in which）he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 （3）判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，
定语从句语法课教学设计和反思 一、设计背景 1．初步掌握及运用定语从句，如让学生用定语从句来完成对人物喜欢的人物进行描述，如I like music that I can dance to. She is the only one who’s studying French.等。 2．本课的学习任务就是能初步掌握及运用定语从句，为了使学生顺利地完成教学任务，教师以学生为主体，为学生设计了几个以他们的认知水平出发的符合生活实际的他们感兴趣的一环扣一环的子任务，每个子任务紧紧围绕总任务展开，再深入，在一个一个完成任务的活动中培养学生的能力。 二．教学目标 （1）语言目标：能用定语从句较自如地描述及谈论人和物。在活动中训练学生的听力，口头表达能力，培养学生的观察，想象和创造力。 （2）情感目标：促进同学间积极合作交流，发展同学间的友谊。 2．教学方法：多媒体的运用能创设真实的语言情景，学生也很感兴趣，极大地鼓动了学生学习英语的积极性，而且呈现在课堂上能使教学更生活化，也更直观和具体。 三、教学方法 以学生为主体，用多媒体辅助教学，通过帮助学生理解、归纳、总结、讨论等方式学习定语从句，由于本节课是学生第一次系统学习定语从句，要达到让学生初步掌握定语从句这一目的。 四、学法指导、自主学习、合作学习 五、教学过程 第一环节：观察以下例句： 1. The red pen is broken. 2. The pen on the desk is broken. 3. The pen that I bought yesterday is broken. 导入：通过对定语的理解，导入定语、定语从句的概念，定语：用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子，当修饰词是一个句子时被称为定语从句。通常置于它所修饰的词之后，这种被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中只用作状语。 例句分析： I like to have friends who are like me. I like to have friends who are different from me. He is the only one who is studying French. Be careful of the person who doesn’t speak and the dog that doesn’t bark. You can’t wake up a person who pretends to sleep. He who can’t get to the Great Wall is not a true man. I like musicians who play different kinds of music. Another that he found very difficult is grammar. The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. Being a professional athlete is the only thing that I have ever wanted to do. I like music that I can sing along with. I like music that has great lyrics. I like music that I can dance to. 得出结论1)当先行词是物时
人教版中考英语九年级英语定语从句完整归纳 一、定语从句 1．—Is that all? —Yes. That’s all ______ I want to take. A．which B．that C．who D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：-就这些？-是的。这就是我所想要的。which哪一个；that那；who谁；whose谁的。先行词all在定语从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that代替。所以选B。 【考点定位】考查关系代词。 2． My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings. A．they B．who C．which D．/ 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。考查定语从句。先行词stories（故事）表示物，需用关系代词that或which，引导词同时做从句的主语，根据句意结构，故选C。 3．—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree ___ waiting in a line? —They are the students from No. 1 Primary School. A．that are B．where are C．which is D．who is 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?——他们是来自第一小学的学生。 考查定语从句。根据句意：﹣弗兰克，你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁？﹣他们是来第一小学的学生．可知先行词是children，指人，作主语，故选代词用who/that；children是复数，系词用are，故选A。 4．My mother doesn't like stories _____have sad endings. A．that B．who C．where D．those 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我妈妈不喜欢有悲伤的结局的故事。 根据句子结构可知这里考查定语从句的引导词，先排除D；先行词是stories，指物，排除B；且定语从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词，排除C，故选：A。
一、定语从句（一）： 1.定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 3.关系词： 引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when 等。 4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引导的定语从句。 二、定语从句（二） 1.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用that不用which。 1).当先行词为指物的不定代词，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、 none、the one等时，只能用that。 There is nothing ______ I can do for you . 2).当先行词被the only、the very 、the last、all、no、little等词修饰时，只能用that。This is the very book ______ I’m looking for . 3).先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用that 。 This is the first textbook ______ I studied in the middle school . 4).先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用that。 This is the most beautiful mountain ______ I have ever seen .= I have _____ seen _____ a beautiful mountain . 5).先行词既有人也有物时，只能that 。 He told us many interesting things and persons _______ we had . 2.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用which不用that。 1).关系代词前有介词时，关系词只能用which 。 This is the building in ______ he lives . 2).先行词本身是that时，关系词只能用which 。 The clock is that _____ tells the time . 3).引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开），关系词用 which。 His book , ______ was lost last week , has been found now. 3.先行词是人时，一般情况下既可用who 也可用that 。但以下情况下，只能用who。 1).当先行词为those、one、ones、anyone且作主语时，一般用who 。 Those ______ are singing are all my classmates . 2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人时，只能用who。指物时用that。 There is a girl ______ expects to see you . 3).当先行词是I、you、he、they等时，只能用who 。 He ______ plays with fire gets burned . 三、定语从句（三）。 由关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句。 where = in / at +which when = in / on / at +which why = for + which 1.由where引导的定语从句。 1).先行词是表示地点的名词 2).在定语从句中作地点状语
人教版中考英语九年级英语定语从句练习 一、定语从句 1．– Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? –Sure. It’s a great TV program can develop the habit of reading. A．who B．that C．what D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目《朗读者》吗？——当然了，这是一个很棒的节目，能培养阅读的习惯。 根据句子结构可知，这里考查定语从句，who是关系代词，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语；that先行词人或物都可以，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句，先排除；whose…的，先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行词是program，故排除A；D 选项意思不合适。故应选B。 2．They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _________ will help dog owners cool down their pets. A．who B．what C．which D．whether 【答案】C 【解析】 考查定语从句的引导词。句意“他们想研制一种对狗有好处的狗粮，这种狗粮会帮助狗的主人安定他们的宠物。”先行词food指物，排除who；what不能引导定语从句；which指物。故选C。 3．—Which song do you like better, Lucy? —I prefer the song Little Apple________ can attract many people. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：本题考查定语从句中的关系代词。先行词是the song Little Apple, 指物，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故which符合题意。 4．— Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight? —I’m not sure. Is it in the hall _____ can hold 300 people? A．where B．what C．that D．when 【答案】C 【解析】
人教版中考英语九年级英语定语从句专题(含答案) 一、定语从句 1．Yesterday, Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house ____ he was born in. A．which B．where C．what D．it 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：昨天，格林先生去了他的家乡并且参观了他出生时的那所旧房子。____ he was born in是定语从句，修饰house。先行词是house，关系代词词用that或者which，关系副词where相当于in which。根据从句中缺少宾语，故选A。 考点：考查定语从句的用法。 2．You Raise Me Up is a song ________ brings me much courage in the face of challenges. A．who B．when C．which D．where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：《你鼓舞了我》是一首歌，它带给我面对挑战的勇气。 A. who定语从句关系词，先行词是人； B. when定语从句关系词；做时间状语； C. which 定语从句关系词，先行词是物；D. where定语从句关系词，做地点状语。a song 是物，关系词用which。根据题意，故选B。 3．Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students. A．which B．who C．where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。 本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。 【点睛】 做定语从句的题时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分，从而做出正确的判断。 4．—Do you know the boy over there? —The one is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil. A．what B．which C．who D．不填 【答案】C 【解析】
九年级英语定语从句专项练习题及答案 定义： 在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，位于从句之前。定语从句有关系代词that、which、who、whose、whom和关系副词when 、where、why引导. 定语从句的基本结构为： 先行词 + 关系代/副词 + 句子 Do you know the boy who is wearing a blue jacket? The skirt that /which is made of sil k is very expensive. I can’t afford it. The number of the people who/that own cars is increasing. The house that(which、/) the famous person once lived in is very old now. 考点1. 关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词: when, where, why. a. that－既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略；不引导非限定性定语从句 There are lots of things ________ I need to prepare before the trip. （10河北） A. who B. that C. whom D. whose (答案: B) b. which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.可引导非限定性定语从句。 This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. (08河北) A. which B. what C. whose D. whom (答案：A) Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need. (09河北) A. what B. who C. whom D. which (答案：D) c. who－般指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom） Jamie is a young cook ________ wants to improve school dinners. (10天津) A. who B. whose C. whom D. which (答案：A) d. whose 作定语,表示所属关系。 I like the teacher ________ classes are very interesting and creative. (09兰州) A. which B. who C. what D. whose (答案：D) e. when 作时间状语:When =介词 + which She will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married. f. where 作地点状语 where = 介词 + which I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born. g. why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason. why = for which That is the reason why(= for which) I’m late. 2. 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。 1. I prefer shoes that are cool. 2. I like a pizza that is really delicious. 3. 有时只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种： 1).当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing ,或被它
Attributive Clause 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的词称为关系词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。在本单元中，我们只涉及到关系代词that, which, who, whom。 例如：I like music that I can dance to. 我喜欢可以随之跳舞的音乐。 music是先行词，that I can dance to 是定语从句修饰music，其中，that 是关系代词引导定语从句。 一、关系代词的作用： 1. 做代词, 代替先行词； 2. 在从句中担任句子成分:主语或宾语； 3. 做连词, 把主句和从句连接起来。 二、关系代词的用法： 1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主语） The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语） 2. which用于指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主语） The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.（作宾语） 3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如： The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主语） Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？（作宾语） 注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如： This is the house in which we lived last year. Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel. （2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：This is the person whom you are looking for. （3）关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。 I prefer shoes that are cool. I have a friend who plays sports. 基础训练请把两个简单句合为一个含有定语从句的复合句。 1. Tom doesn’t like movies. The movies are too long and too scary. Tom doesn’t like movies too long and too scary. 2. I’d like a sandwich. The sandwich is really delicious. I’d like a sandwich really delicious. 3. This is the book. I bought it last Sunday. This is the book last Sunday. 4. George Mallory is an English teacher. He loves climbing. George Mallory is an English teacher climbing.
定语从句（一） Ⅰ. 基本概念（预习&背熟定义） 1．什么叫定语从句？ ① A plane is a machine that can fly. ② A couch potato is a person who spends lots of time watching TV. ③ A zoo is a place where you can see all kinds of animals . ④I don’t believe the news which he told me . ⑤---Why didn’t you answer my phone last night ? ---Oh, that was the time when I was taking a bath. ⑥The reason why he was late for class was that he overslept. ⑦I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 在复合句中修饰某一______词或_____词的从句叫定语从句，它的作用相当于____词。 2.什么叫先行词？ 被定语从句修饰的______词或_____词叫先行词。 3.什么叫关系词？它们的分类？它们的功能是什么？ 连接____词和______从句的词叫关系词。关系词分关系______词和关系_____词。 关系词有三大功能：①指代先行词②引导定语从句③在定语从句中充当某一成分先行词若在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语，则用关系代词引导；若在从句中充当状语，则用关系副词引导。 4. 定语从句的位置 往往直接位于先行词的____面。有时先行词和定语从句间有某些成分，这是由于句子结构 的需要 5．引导定语从句的关系词分为两类（背诵+理解+运用） ①关系代词：that ，which ,whose(指代物)；who ,whom whose (指代人) as / which (引导非限制性定语从句) ②关系副词：when , where , why Ⅱ.关系代词： 注意点：各个关系代词的用法 关系词指代人，物在定语从句中充当的成分that 人，物主，宾，表 which 物主，宾 who 人主，宾，表 whom 人宾，表 whose 人，物定（……的） as 人，物主，宾，表 ★如果关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语或表语，可以省略 A.合作探究 找出下列复合句中的主句，定语从句，先行词，关系代词，关系代词指代什么? 在定语 从句中充当什么成分？并译成中文。 ①The film which we saw last night was wonderful. ② A plane is a machine that can fly. ③The girl who won the first prize is my sister .
定语从句：一个句子放在名词或代词后边修饰，这个句子叫做定语从句。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫做引导词或关系词。 代序高：先行词为不定代词，先行词被序数词以及形容词最高级修饰 双：先行词即有人又有物时 特：先行词被the only ,the very, the last 等修饰时。先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰
定语从句做题思路：先行词是人还是物： 人-------that -------who -------whom 物-------that -------which 先行词是地点和时间，且定语从句不缺主语或宾语。 地点----where 时间----when 先行词是表示原因的reason等用why
练习题 1.Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need. A.what B. who C. whom D. which 2.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A.which B. what C. whose D. whom 3.Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind Nancy? A.what B. which C. who D. whom 4.The book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting. A./ B. why C. when D. what 5.I have found some pictures of the most interesting places ________ you can visit during the winter holidays. A.where B. which C. what D. that 6.I’d like to tell you about the table manners ________ you should know when you visit Korea. A. which B. who C. what D. how 7.I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers, ________has a great effect on my life. A.when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 8.Is oxygen the only gas ________ helps fire burn? A.that B. / C. which D. it 9.Is ________ some German friends visited last week? A.this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 10.---What kind of music do you like? ---I like music ________ has great lyrics. A.that B. what C. who D. whose 11.That is the only thing ________ I bought from the supermarket. A.which B. that C. what D. where 12.The place ________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace. A.which B. where C. what D. in which 13.The computer ________ last week has gone wrong. A.which I bought it B. I bought C. what I bought D. I bought it 14.That is the poor boy ________ father died in a traffic accident last year. A.who B. whom C. whose D. which 15.Do you know the girl ________ is standing under the tree? A.who B. whom C. which D. where 16.Is the woman ________ talked to our teacher yesterday your mother? A.who B. whom C. which D. what 17.The young lady ________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher. A.what B. whose C. whom D. which 18.I like to live in a house ________ is big and bright. A.that B. who C. how D. why 19.I hate people ________ talk much but do little.
九年级英语必备英语定语从句技巧全解及练习题(含答案) 一、定语从句 1．–– What are you looking for? ––I’m looking for the book _______ you bought last Sunday. A．who B．when C．that 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：——你正在寻找什么？——我正在寻找上周日你买的那本书。who引导定语从句,修饰人，作定语从句的主语或宾语；when引导定语从句，作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰事物或人，作主语或宾语。此处修饰的先行词the book是事物，作定语从句谓语bought的宾语，故用that引导定语从句，故选C。 2．-Have you got ready for the soccer game？ -Yes，I've done everything ___________ I can to win the game. A．who B．that C．which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——你准备好参加足球比赛了吗？——是的，我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。本题考查定语从句的连接词，who的先行词是人，that的先行词是人或物，which的先行词是物。当先行词是不定代词时，只能用that，不能用which，故答案为B。 【点睛】 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人时可用that或who，指物时可用that或which，但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种： 当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如： Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗? All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如： That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 当王句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that，不用which或who。以避免重复。例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat？正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？ ）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that不用which。例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那
初中英语定语从句用法及配套练习 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。如： The story which he told was very popular You can’t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep. 一：定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 二：关系代词的用法(在从句中作主语或是宾语) 1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主语） The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语） 2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。如： The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看（作宾语）3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语，可以省略。在口语中，who也可以作宾语。如： The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主语） Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？（作宾语） 4.whose用来指人或物, 只用作定语，如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. （做定语） 注意： （1）当定语从句中含有介词，且介词放在句末时，who， that， which作宾语时可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。如： This is the house in which we lived last year. Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel. （2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，有些介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。如：This is the person whom you are looking for. （3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。如：The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。 （4）关系词只能用that的情况： a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that。如： He was the first person that passed the exam. b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that。如： Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that。例如： This is the same bike that I lost.