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新标准视听说4unit5Unit 5。
In this unit, we will focus on the topic of "Travel". We will learn how to talk about different modes of transportation, describe travel experiences, and discuss travel plans. Let's get started!Listening。
In the listening section, you will hear conversations and monologues related to travel. Pay attention to the details and take notes if necessary. Try to grasp the main ideas and specific information. This will help you improve your listening comprehension skills and prepare you for real-life travel situations.Speaking。
In the speaking section, you will have the opportunity to practice expressing your travel experiences and plans. You will engage in discussions with your classmates, share your thoughts on different travel destinations, and learn how to give and receive travel advice. This will help you become more confident and fluent in spoken English.Vocabulary。
Glossary on Company IntroductionCompany Types:Sole Proprietorship: A type of company in which all profits and liabilities flow through to an individual.独资由一名个人独立享有全部利润并承担全部债务的公司类型。
PartnershipA type of company in which all profits and liabilities are shared by more than one person.合伙利润由多人分享，债务由多人承担连带责任的公司类型。
Privately-owned Corporation私有公司由一定数量的个人控股的公司，不能通过证券交易所交易。
Publicly-owned CorporationA company whose stock is listed on a stock exchange and is usually owned by a large number of individual shareholders.公有公司股票在证交所上市的公司，通常有大量私人股东。
Corporate CharterA document that establishes the existence of a corporation and whose bylaws set organizational and procedural guidelines for its operation.公司章程确立公司成立并规定公司运营的组织结构和过程的文件。
ShareholderThe owner of a share of stock in a company.股东持有一定数量公司股份的人。
有限责任公司limited liability company股份有限公司joint stock liability company私营企业privately-run enterprisenationally-run enterprise个人独资企业sole proprietorship companymultinational/transnational companycompany name公司地址company address有限公司Co. Ltd= Corporation Limited公司法corporate law公司文化/企业文化company/corporate culture公司干事company secretary公司董事company director公司方针company policy公司规模company size公司业绩company performance公司法人company incorporate公司管理company management公司事务company business公司结构/组织company structure/organization 合资企业joint venture合资公司co-partnership company合资经营joint adventure合资合同/协议joint-venture contract/agreement 合资合作joint-venture cooperation合资方partner部门department公司概况/（个人）履历company profile总部headquarters分部branch品牌Brand名牌name brand商标trademark行业/业务范围line of business经营范围Scope of business出口/进口Export/import出口商品/进口商品Exported/imported goods(items) 实力Capability生产/制造Manufacturing制造厂家/生产商manufacturer电子产品electronic products企业enterprise乡镇企业township enterprise技术组technical team研发Research and development科学技术Science and technology世界一流的World-classFirst-class 一流的ISO9001国际体系认证ISO9001 System Certificate专营/专门研究/专攻Specialize in…人性化管理humanized management市场占有率/份额Market share投资/在…投资investment/invest…in…产量V olume of production营业额，成交量Turnover股票stock股票交易stock exchange股份/股东/持股Share/share-holder/share-holding Market share利润/净利润Profit/net profit利润率/利润空间Profit margin利润分配profit allocation/distribution利润最大化maximum of profits成立/创立Found/establish创始人/创建者Founder总裁presidentVice President首席执行官CEO=Chief Executive Officer基地位于…(be) based in/with its base in…位于be located/situated in…。
Unit 5 Secrets of advertisingPronunciationScripts and answers11. We go over to our photo studio and see more about what happens at a photo shoot.2. We’ll keep the camera, the lights and everything the same.3. The hosts suggest good products to their viewers, and the price they offer is much lower.4. A good logo can quickly draw people’s attention and help them remember it.5. This logo presents the compan y identity and shows people it’s the better choice.21. The same words are used on bags, mugs and clothing.2. The design of the poster is simple and commonly recognizable.3. It offers a simple but warm-hearted message, which carries a power that never grows weak.4. We just need to keep calm, and carry on.5. You see it and you remember it.Listening to communicateConversation 1ScriptsW: Excuse me, could you spare me a few minutes for a short interview? I want to find out what people think about advertisements.M: Sure.W: Thank you. What is your favorite advertisement?M: There was a public service advertisement about family love. I like it.W: Where did you see it?M: It was on TV several years ago.W: It seems quite a long time ago. What is it about?M: The ad tells a story of a family. A child watches his mother help his grandmother wash her feet. He learns from his mother and then helps his mother wash her feet.W: How lovely! Why do you like it?M: I just love the story the ad tells. It’s so sweet.W: Was there any famous actor or actress in the advertisement?M: The actors were not very well-known, I think.W: Did it attract much attention?M: I guess, we could see it in many public places.W: What do you think the advertisement wants to tell people?M: Well, it reminds us that parents are the best teachers of their children.W: You said it. Sometimes advertisements can teach us a lot.Answers1 1 D2 B3 A4 A2 1 F 2 T3 T4 TConversation 2ScriptsW: Look at that café! It’s so lovely that it reminds me of my grandma’s kitchen. You know how much we Italians love cooking.M: And have family dinners together.W: How did you know? I was just about to say that.M: I once saw a kitchen advertisement. It pictured the “dream kitchen” of an Italian mom.She was busy preparing a huge family dinner.W: I know that ad. It was made especially for the Italian audience.M: Really? Do you mean they have different ads for different countries?W: Yes. For example, their American version is different.M: What is it about?W: It’s also about the “dream kitchen”, only the American mom in the ad is thinking about throwing a huge party for her friends and family.M: That’s very interesting. Why do you think they made different versions of this ad?W: I think it’s because they wanted to make the ad fit their customers’ cultural backgrounds. Only if the ad means something to them and to their way of life wouldthe ad be memorable.M: I agree. So next time when customers want to get a new kitchen, they will think of their products first.W: Exactly.Answers1 1 B2 A3 D4 D2 1 so 2 how much3 just4 especially5 Only ifAct-outAnswersSample conversationA: What are you doing?B: I’m watching a football game between Manchester United and Chelsea.A: Wow, they are both good teams. It must be a great game. May I join you?B: Sure! Have a seat.A: It seems that Chelsea might lose the game. It’s almost over.B: Yeah. It’s such a pity that they missed so many opportunities to goal.A: I was just about to say that! The players are getting tired. It’s even harder for them to goal now.B: Exactly! By the way, who is your favorite football star?A: David Beckham. Don’t forget he has won the Premiership title six times.B: That’s true. I like him, too. He does play very well.A: So who’s your favorite football star?B: Javier Zanetti. He taught me the true meaning of sportsmanship.A: That’s a good point. I admire him, too.Listening to exploreNews reportScriptsChina’s Internet advertising market increased to the size of 371.7 billion RMB last year, up 25.7 percent year on year, according to the latest report on Internet development.Mobile advertising had a market share of more than 70 percent, which is expected to grow in the future, said the report released by China Internet Network Information Center.In-feed ads, which will be shown naturally when a user browses webpages, have become a new growth area for the advertising industry. Its popularity and market share keep increasing.Revenues of advertising on short-video platforms rose quickly in the last couple of years. According to the report, it is believed that the advertising value of such platforms has been further recognized.Answers1 1 B2 D3 B2 1 T 2 F3 T4 FPassage 1Scripts“Keep Calm and Carry On” originated as a slogan before World War II. With dark days ahead, the British government designed a poster to hang in areas that might be taken over by Germans.Now, “Keep Calm and Carry On” can be seen around the world. The same words are used on bags, mugs and clothing. Sometimes, the message is changed a little. For example, a tea shop may put up a poster with “Keep Calm and Drink Tea” on it, and replace the crown on top of the original poster with a picture of a cup of tea. Still very British.So why has this slogan become so popular now? Surely, the design of the poster is simple and comm only recognizable. However, it’s the words on the poster that people find most encouraging. Like a voice out of history, it offers a simple but warm-hearted message that comforts us and gives us confidence during difficult times, a power that never grows weak: We may suffer from time to time, but as long as we keep going, the dark days will be over.We just need to keep calm, and carry on.Answers1 1 B2 D3 C2 1 F 2 T3 T4 TPassage 2ScriptsWe see advertisements every day. But have you realized how tricky they can be? Here are some examples.1. Buy it nice and cheap!Advertisers like to mess with your evaluation on their product. They repeatedly show you how valuable their product is, then give you the good news that it is now on sale. It would appear as if you could buy it nice and cheap. However, the product may be worth even less than the price they give you in the ad.2. Have a problem? We can help!Advertisers are good at making up problems. They make you think that you face a problem only their product can solve. The truth is, you might not even have this problem! Even if you do, you always have other choices.3. We can be so much more!One classic example is the coffee advertisement. It often shows a successful business person drinking the coffee with colleagues. The advertisement will make you think that this product can get you the same kind of lifestyle.Now that you have learned how advertisers work on your mind, i t won’t be so easy for them to trick you anymore.Answers1 1 D2 B3 C2 1 realized 2 only3 even4 workSharing your ideasPresentation skills: Using persuasionFunctional language•Here are some data / statistics to support my idea.•I will give you some graphics / pictures to help you understand it better.•It’s a matter of fact that …•Personally, I have found ... to be true.•I can tell you from my experience that ...•I have dealt with similar situations and ...Sample presentationThe product we choose is a second-hand bag. It is rather big and it’s white in color. It is very durable because it is waterproof. The slogan we’ve designed for this bag is “Say hello to good buys.” Under the influence of low-carbon concept, more and more Chinese accept to buy the second-hand goods. The second-hand bag is environment-friendly and the people who buy it is good-will person, so we use “good guys” in the slogan. The other reason we choose this slogan is that we want to convey an idea that buying secondhand goods is a very effective and budget-friendly, and it can bring satisfaction to people. We want to “Say hello” to all people who want to buy second-hand goods.Viewing to knowScriptsHope Bagozzi:Hi, I’m Hope Bagozzi, Director of Marketing for McDonald’s, Canada. I’m here with a question from “Isabel M” from Toronto, Ontario. She asks: “Why does your food look different in the advertising than what’s in the store?” It’s a great question, Isabel. We get asked that a lot. And if you wanna come with me, I’m gonna take you across the street. We’re gonna find out a bit more. Come on.Hello, could I please order a Quarter Pounder with Cheese? Thank you, thank you so much. Here is my hot and fresh Quarter Pounder with Cheese. Looks good. Look at this beauty. Put this one back in the box, and go over to our photo studio and see a little bit more about “behind the scenes”: What happens at a photo shoot.So we’re on route now to Watt photo studios. Watt has been our agency doing all of our merchandising creative for probably about seven years. What we’re gonna do here is we’re actually gonna put the burger that you saw me just buy … we’re gonna put it side by side, next to a burger that we’re actually gonna craft from scratch, with our food stylist and o ur photographer. And we’re gonna compare what’s different about the two.I’ve just bought this Quarter Pounder with Cheese. It’s hot off the press as it can be. So maybe we just put that in, get a photo of it, so we can use that for comparison.Neil (the photographer):So we’ll keep the camera, the lights and everything the same. It will be a direct comparison of the right side of both burgers.Hope Bagozzi:Perfect. What I’m gonna do is introduce you now to Noah, who’s our food stylist. How that burger was made in about a minute or so, the process we go through on the average shoot takes several hours. And here, I think it’s important to note that all the ingredients that Noah uses are the exact same ingredients that we use in the restaurant. So it’s the exa ct same patties (肉饼); it’s the exact same ketchup (番茄酱), and mustard, and onions (洋葱), and the exact same buns (小圆面包). Almost ready for you, Neil.Neil:We wanna be able to show the pickles (腌黄瓜) and the condiments as we build. In the store, they would naturally just line it up straight in line, we have to bring it back a little bit to reveal the fact that there’s … It comes with the pickles and the slivered onions.Noah (the food stylist):Because we’re in a one dimensional world from the camera, everyth ing is in the back in the picture. I don’t know what’s actually in it. This way we can at least tell people you have ketchup; you have mustard; you have two pieces of cheese. And you know what you’re getting.Hope Bagozzi:Perfect onion selection. It’s like you’re a surgeon in there.Neil:Because we’ve had to put things forward, the bun is sitting crooked. So he’s just compensating.Noah:So I’m just melting down the cheese with my palette knife. Maybe I’ll put mustard, ketchup …Actually ketchup, must ard, ketchup. That’s nice.Hope Bagozzi:Beautiful. This burger looks pretty good as it is. I don’t think it’s gonna need much retouching whatsoever. Let me introduce you to Stuart Murray. He’s gonna take the side-by-side comparison and do a little finessing of the product. Less amount of retouching that we do to something, less perfect it looks, but actually it looks more appetizing and more convincing. But just enhancing some color(s), taking out some of the little accidents that might happen in preparation, which obviously doesn’t show the product at its best possible light. Here you can definitely see that there’s a size difference. The box that our sandwiches come in (with), keep the sandwiches warm, which creates a bit of a steam effect. And it does make the bun contract a little bit. And then the main difference is the fact that we actually took all the ingredients that are normally hidden under the bun, and we pulled them to the foreground so that you can see them. And those are the main differences. So Isabel, thank you so much for your question. We hope that’s answered it for you. Thanks.AnswersPre-viewing1 I can think of three reasons:1)Professional cameras are used for taking photos of the food in the advertising.2)The shooting scene is specially designed to make the food look better in the advertising.3)Photo and video editing techniques are applied in advertisements so that the food looksmore delicious.While-viewing1 1 T2 F3 T4 F5 T2 A-3 B-1 C-4 D-2Post-viewing1 1) I agree with the way McDonald’s presents its food in the advertising. The main purpose ofthe advertising is to improve the company’s image and attract more consumers. Beautiful pictures of the food can stimulate consumers’ appetite. The ad also shows the food at its best possible light and brings out the charm of the brand.2) I disagree with the way McDonald’s presents its food in the adv ertising. The food in the adis carefully manipulated, not exactly the same with what McDonald’s sells in the restaurant.Although it seems to be more convenient to attract consumers and increase profit, it causes negative effects on the society.2 As far as I’m concerned, providing samples is the best strategy that can be used in foodadvertising. One thing people deeply care about when they buy food is whether it is safe and healthy. By providing samples, advertisers can invite people to test the food themselves.Another thing people would like to know is how it tastes, which will be clear to the customers once they try the samples. If they like how it tastes, they might even recommend it to others.Further listeningConversationScriptsTom: Hey, Lisa. What are you doing?Lisa: Hi, Tom. I am watching an E-commerce live-stream show. They’re introducing a new bag.I think I’ll buy it.Tom: It seems you really enjoy watching those live-stream ads.Lisa: Don’t you think they make good ads? The hosts suggest good products to their viewers, and the price they offer is much lower.Tom: I see your point, but I don’t think it’s wise to make shopping decisions based on live-stream ads.Lisa: Why? The products they suggest often become popular choices for customers.Tom: Just because a lot of people buy something, does it mean you should follow them without thinking?Lisa: Maybe not. But at least they offer really good prices. I can buy this bag really cheaply. Tom: That’s another problem I want to tell you about. Do you really need this bag, or do you want to buy it because they give you a discount in the ad?Lisa: Sometimes I buy things I didn’t plan to when I watch their shows.Tom: See, you need to think more carefully before you place an order.Lisa: I think you’re right. I’ll take your advice.Answers1 A2 A3 CNews reportScriptsRecently, one of the most authoritative awards for global designers and advertisers, the D&AD (Design and Art Design) Award, has released its winners. This year, one of the Wood Pencil awards, which represent the best in advertising and design from the year, goes to the graphic advertisement entitled “Slow Train, Slow Life”.The ad is made for the post-disaster rebuilding of Tohoku, an area in the northeast of Japan hit by natural disasters in 2011. The creation team believes that the best way to support the rebuilding is to attract people to revisit this area.In order to inspire viewers with the joy of travel, the team decided to make the local railways the main characters. People often see trains simply as a way to get them from one place to another, but this time these trains are at center stage. And it successfully brings a new breath of life into Tohoku travel.Answers1 A2 BPassageScriptsLogos are important to successful advertising. It should be quickly recognized and associated with the branding message of a company or business. What makes a logo outstanding then? There are four elements that stand out.It is memorable. A good logo can quickly d raw people’s attention and help them remember it. Xiaomi’s logo has combined the word "MI" with it and draws people’s attention to the orange background. You see it and you remember it.It is unique. A well-designed logo should be creative and original, so people won’t confuse it with others. The cursive writing of Coca-Cola has been its signature. This logo presents the company identity and shows people it’s the better choice.It is timeless. A classic logo should stand the test of time. It needs to stay relevant for this generation and the next. The logo of the Penguin Press, for example, was created in 1935. Today, the penguin has become an icon of the company.It is touching. A logo that is rooted deeply in people’s heart s is emotionally appealing. The logo of Walt Disney Pictures looks like a castle, which reminds people of the fantasy world that Disney has brought to us with its films.Answers1 B2 A3 DListening to appreciateScriptsSkyLee Clow and Peter SeligmannLook upThere I amI am the skyI am a warm and protective blanketWrapped around everyone on earthI can bring clouds, rain and the windI can be an ice stormWithout me, you’d fryEvery day, I am the breath you take inYet you are making me sickI am congested, off-balance, pollutedYou see, I am more delicate than you thinkIt took millions of years to get it just right:My perfect mix of gases, temperature and weather that you enjoyBut now your cars, your factories and dustThey have pushed me past the limitAnd you wonderWhy my typhoons and tornadoes are more intense, more frequent?I have become unpredictableLess rain hereA lot more rain thereHotter summersColder wintersI cannot even control myself anymoreEnough about meI will show my changing self to you in your days aheadBut in the end, I'll be fineGive me a few thousand yearsI have weathered trauma beforeI am not worried for myselfLook upAnswers1 protective2 take in3 polluted4 limit5 control。
新编实用英语视听说高级教程episode4答案1、Many people prefer the bowls made of steel to the _____ made of plastic. [单选题] *A. itB. ones(正确答案)C. oneD. them2、The little boy saved his money ______ he could buy his mother a gift on Mother’s Day.（）[单选题] *A. butB. such thatC. in order toD. so that(正确答案)3、9．There will be a lot of activities at English Festival nest month. Which one would you like to ________? [单选题] *A．take part in (正确答案)B．joinC．attendD．go4、_______ travelers come to visit our city every year. [单选题] *A. Hundred ofB. Hundreds of(正确答案)C. Five HundredsD. Five hundred?of5、I’m sorry there are ______ apples in the fridge. You must go and buy some right now.（）[单选题] *A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few(正确答案)6、—Who came to your office today, Ms. Brown?—Sally came in. She hurt ______ in P. E. class. （）[单选题] *A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself(正确答案)7、Modern plastics can（）very high and very low temperatures. [单选题] *A. stand(正确答案)B. sustainC. carryD. support8、Don’t forget _______ those books when you are free. [单选题] *A. to read(正确答案)B. readingC. readD. to reading9、I usually do some ____ on Sundays. [单选题] *A. cleaningsB. cleaning(正确答案)C. cleansD. clean10、For more information, please _______ us as soon as possible. [单选题] *A. confidentB. confidenceC. contact(正确答案)D. concert11、—Can you play the violin at the art festival?—No, I ______. But I am good at playing the drums.（）[单选题] *A. canB. can’t(正确答案)C. doD. don’t12、Guilin is _______ its beautiful scenery. [单选题] *A. famous for(正确答案)B. interested inC. fond ofD. careful with13、( )He killed the enemy guard and made away _________the villagers. [单选题] *A. with the helpB. with helpC. with help ofD. with the help of(正确答案)14、Mary _______ Math. [单选题] *A. is good at(正确答案)B. do well inC. is good forD. is good with15、The Spring Festival is on the way.Many shops have _______ huge posters with the word sales. [单选题] *A. put up(正确答案)B. put onC. put outD. put off16、37．—What will you be ___________?—I'm not sure. Maybe I'll be a doctor like my father. [单选题] *A．right nowB．in the future(正确答案)C．at onceD．at the moment17、____ is standing at the corner of the street. [单选题] *A. A policeB. The policeC. PoliceD. A policeman(正确答案)18、Now people can _______ with their friends far away by e-mail, cellphone or letter. [单选题] *A. keep onB. keep in touch(正确答案)C. keep upD. keep off19、When Max rushed to the classroom, his classmates _____ exercises attentively. [单选题] *A. didB. have doneC. were doing(正确答案)D. do20、14．Builders have pulled down many old houses, and they will build a lot of new ________. [单选题] *A．ones (正确答案)B．oneC．the onesD．the one21、29．______ my free time, I like listening to music. [单选题] *A．AtB．OnC．In(正确答案)D．About22、Many children have to _______ their parents. [单选题] *A. divide intoB. put onC. depend on(正确答案)D. take on23、—It’s too noisy outside. I can’t fall asleep.—I can’t, either. We have to ______ new ways to solve the problem.（）[单选题] *A. come up with(正确答案)B. get on withC. make up withD. catch up with24、79．On a ________ day you can see the city from here. [单选题] *A．warmB．busyC．shortD．clear(正确答案)25、I should like to rent a house which is modern, comfortable and _____, in a quiet neighborhood. [单选题] *A.in allB. after allC. above all(正确答案)D. over all26、--Do you know _______ girl with long curly hair?--Yes. She is Mary. She plays _______ piano very well. [单选题] *A. a; /B. the; /C. the; the(正确答案)D. a; the27、Online shopping _______ very popular now. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. wasD. were28、_______ a busy afternoon! [单选题] *A. HowB. What(正确答案)C. WhichD. Wish29、_______, Mr. Smith. [单选题] *A. Here your tea isB. Here is your tea(正确答案)C. Here your tea areD. Here are your tea30、I think you should buy this novel. It is really worth _____. [单选题] *A. reading(正确答案)B. being readC. readD. to read。
Ad or no adIs advertising really necessary? Billions of dollars are spent on it every year, so it must be important. After all, it’s a busy world. You have to advertise, sell products and make money.！Not every company thinks that way. The No-Ad company (“no-ad”stands for “not advertised”) avoids big advertising campaigns. The company was started in 1960, and is successful today. Their products are still affordable because the company saves the money on advertising. They also use their savings to support a drug and alcohol awareness program to educate high school students.No-Ad sells by word of mouth. “Word of mouth advertising” happens when a person tells another person about a good experience with a product or service. That second person then tells another friend, family member or colleague. And so a chain of information is created.Typically, advertisers talk about how good their product is. Although they say things like, “Studies show that our product is the best”or “Everyone loves this product”, it can sound insincere or unconvincing. It’s much more believable to hear about a product from someone who did not make it. Our friends’ opinions are very important to us, so we often listen to their advice about a product.Word-of-mouth advertising has other advantages too, it’s cost-effective (after all, it’s free). And a company doesn’t have to create acomplex business plan to do it. Here is some advice for small business about word- of-mouth advertising:• Be prepared to talk about your company at any time. You never know who you will meet. Always carry business cards.• Only say positive things about your company. Don’t say negative things about your company.• Help other companies by referring people to them. The more you help others, the more good fortune will come back to you.。
Unit 5 AthletesPart 1 Listening, Understanding and SpeakingListening II'm Ted. Well, I've been playing it since I was quite young. My father was very keen on it and he used to give me lessons. We didn't have to go far to play, so we used to play together quite a lot. Unless you have to join a club, it's not an expensive sport. You just need a racket and some balls. When I was in university, I played for an hour or so every morning. Sometimes it was not easy for us to book a court because it was so popular. For most people, i t’s great exercise and requires a lot of energy. Of course, you have to be fit, as it demands a lot of running and speed around the court. Usually, there’s not a lot of standing around; one is constantly moving. But that’s why it’s a sport I like to play and watch so much.I'm Mike. I think I've been playing it for nearly 40 years now, ever since I was a little kid. It has always been a great interest of mine. When I watch a game, I appreciate the athletic skills of the players: the strategies of the manager or coach; and the excitement of the uncertainty. I enjoy not knowing how the game is going to end, even when a very strong team is playing against a very weak team. There's always that possibility of surprise, and of the unexpected changing the game.I'm Lisa. Well, I've been doing it every winter holiday for as long as I can remember. I love doing it because you can get better every time. It's fast and exciting and although it's really cold, you can still get a tan. Of course, the scenery is beautiful and it's really nice when you're tired to go and have a hot drink afterwards. The problem is that it's very expensive and really dangerous. But apart from getting hurt occasionally, I still thoroughly enjoy it.1. 1) tennis 2 ) quite young 3)soccer 4) a little kid 5) nearly 40 years6)skiing 7) remember2. tennis 1, 5, 7 football/soccer 2, 9, 10 skiing 3, 4, 6, 8Listening IIDuring the 1930s and 1940s, when someone asked a kid whom his role models were, he would often respond with the names of baseball players. Advertisers trying to sell a product would often turn to baseball stars because the public knew them and loved them. Now looking at today's baseball players, the only time we seem to hear about them is when they are complaining about their salaries. Baseball is no longer the great national pastime, and kids are looking elsewhere for their role models.Back in the 1930s and 1940s, money wasn't such an important issue. Players played baseball because they loved the game. They rarely complained about money. And they earned very little in comparison with players today.Most players back then were also positive role models both on and off the field. They did a lot of things for the neighborhood, from visiting sick children in hospitals to signing autographs—not for the publicity, but just one of the kindness of their hearts. Parents then could be proud when their children said that they wanted to grow up and play major league baseball. Today, however, most baseball players visit hospitals only when they need care, and some of them even charge 20 dollars for their autograph.In the past, players always tried to be positive role models for America's youth. Today, it is a totally different story. It seems that we can't get through a week without some baseball player doing something stupid or illegal.If today’s players would just grow up and stop worrying about who's making the most money, they would start feeling better about themselves; the public would start respecting the game again; and kids could start finding some role models on the baseball field again.1. B D A C2.T T F F F F F T T TListening IIIBuilding team spirit is always the focal point of what I try to do as a manager. When I first went to Crystal Palace, players would finish training and then go straight home. There was no atmosphere. So we brought in a pool table and fruit machines. When players choose to spend time together, it generates a better atmosphere.The team spirit is very important, but I don't believe in motivating the team as a team. I don’t give team talks. I try to motivate the team as individuals. I speak to the players individually and try not to put too much pressure on anyone. I believe players perform best when they are relaxed. If they're too tense, I can guarantee they won't play well.I also believe in giving people autonomy. I like all the people who work for me to be autonomous.I very rarely interfere. I feel people should be judged on their results. If they prove incompetent, then I'm incompetent if I continue employing them.It's like that with the team. I get criticized for not interfering during a game and for not making more substitutions. But I feel if I've chosen those 11 players to get a result, then I should leave them alone to get on with it.If I'm dropping a player from the team, I don't feel I have to explain it to them. If they want to discuss it, I'll say, "Come back and talk about it in a couple of days' time." But I don't try to remotivate them. It's up to them to have the character to fight their way back to the team. I'm a great believer that almost everything you achieve in life is due to your attitude. If I have a player who is magnificently gifted but has a stinking attitude, I won't waste my time on them.1. 1) team spirit 2) A. spend time together B. individuals pressure C. autonomy interfered drop a player2. 1.2.4.6.8.10（√）Listening IVEver since the modern Olympic Games began in 1896, they've had their critics. Every form of competitive activity attracts trouble. But part of the aim of the Games, when they were first held in ancient Greece, was to discourage war between states by engaging them in a friendlier kind of combat.The spirit of competition in the Games uses up a lot of energy which might otherwise be harmfully deployed. It does a lot of good getting people to forget their differences in a communal activity. Any competitor or spectator at the event will tell you that the atmosphere of friendship there is unforgettable, as if the world really is one big family. And the hostilities that the press always likes to exaggerate, exist only in a few places. Indeed, it is safe to say, we often suffer more from bad publicity than bad sportsmanship.These Games are the biggest international gathering of any kind in the world. Not only do they bring sports people together, but they unite the world’s public. Isn't this a sufficient reason for continuing them? Of course, a few people are going to use them as an occasion for propaganda. But why should the feelings of a few spoil it for all those who continue to be inspired by the Games?No! As long as the majority wants it, these Games will continue. This is sport, not politics, and it should remain so.1. 1.What is said about the purpose of the Olympic Games? C2.What is said about the spirit of the Olympic Games ? B3.What is said about the influence of the Games ? B2. 1. Criticism.2. It could be harmfully deployed, as in war.3. The world is like a big family.4. Hostilities.5. The majority of people.6. To explain why the Olympic Games should be continued.Part 4 Further ListeningListening IAnnouncer: And in today's Sports World we have a special report from Karen Finch who is with the athletes in the Olympic Village in Atlanta. The line's clear. Can you hearme, Karen?Karen: Fine, Barry, just fine.Announcer: Great. So here is Karen Finch with her report from the Olympic Village.Karen: Well, I have two athletes with me in the studio. First, Bo Lundquist.Bo: Hi!Karen: Bo is a cyclist and he's here with the Swedish team. This is your first Olympics, isn't it, Bo?Bo: Yes, it is.Karen: And how do you feel about it?Bo: Happy, very happy.Karen: Let's talk about your training schedule, Bo. I imagine it's pretty hard.Bo: Yes, it is. I get up at five...Karen: Five! And do you start training then?Bo: Well, first I have a cup of coffee then I start training at about five- thirty. You know, it's quite cold at that time.Karen: Right! I'm sure it is. When do you finish training, Bo?Bo: Well, I practice cycling on the track for about two hours. Then I have a short break for breakfast. After that, I do exercises for another few hours. I suppose I finish atabout midday.Karen: So you're free after twelve. What do you do then?Bo: You mean, what do I do in my spare time?Karen: Right.Bo: Well, we usually go swimming in the afternoon. That's all. I go to bed early. I want to win a gold medal for Sweden.Karen: Well, I hope you do. Thank you, Bo Lundquist. Next we have Bob Smith with me in the studio. Bob's a long distance runner and the American 3000 meterschampion.Bob: Hi!Karen: Hello, Bob. How is your training going?Bob: Fine, just fine. I have a really good program and I think I'm in first-class condition.Karen: Tell me about it, Bob.Bob: Well, I don't like training early in the morning. I don't know why. I just don't like it. So I start around 10 o’clock.Karen: Mmm. And what about having lunch?Bob: I don't have lunch. Lunch makes me tired. I train all through the day until about five o'clock.Karen: Really? So late?Bob: Yes! Then I shower and go home.Karen: So you live right here in Atlanta, do you, Bob?Bob: Yes. I'm married. We live on campus at the University.Karen: What do you do in your spare time, Bob?Bob: I don't have much spare time. I'm studying to be a doctor.Karen: Don't you have any free time?Bob: Not much. But when I relax I like listening to music. Music is really special to me.Karen: Well, thank you, Bob and Bo. Good luck! This is Karen Finch at the Olympic Village in Atlanta.Announcer: Thank you, Karen. And now for our other sports news.1.2,3,5,7 (√)2.Swedish Americancycling long distance running3,000 championship5:30 a.m. 12:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 5:00 p.m.swimming listening to musicListening IIPeople in tropical countries can read about winter sports but are unable to participate in them. They cannot build snowmen, throw snowballs, toboggan, or ice-skate. Above all, they cannot go skiing.Someone defined skiing as gliding over the ground on two boards. The sport is popular in America in the states which have snow in the winter months. The pleasure we take in this healthy outdoor activity is shared by the Finns, the Russians, the Swedes, the Norwegians, the Germans, the Italians, the Swiss, and the French, who all live in temperate zones with winter climates. But what must people from Egypt, Libya, and Nigeria think of this strange sport?Skiing, unlike tennis or baseball, is not a city sport. Until recently, even in countries with snow, it was limited to mountainous regions. Now there is a new variation that can be enjoyed by everyone. It is called ski touring.1. 1.building snowman2.throwing snowballs3.tobogganing4.ice-skating5.skiing2. Finland; Sweden; Switzerland; Germany; U.S.A; Italy; France; Norway; Russia (√)Listening IIIWoman: On the matter of careers, a lot of the jobs that people go into are lifetime careers. What about baseball? Is it a career over one's full lifetime?Man: Baseball has been my life so far...as you know. I mean, I know someday, could be tomorrow, that I'm going to be out of it.Woman: But how long can you really expect to play, let's say, actively?Man: I've set goals, and I made my first goal, which was to make it to the big leagues. Now, my next goal is to make it through four years, to get my pension.Woman: But how many years can you expect to play professional ball?Man: I'm a pitcher, so it's difficult to say because you never know whether you're going to have a sore arm, whether it's going to go out on you, or what other problem mighthappen. But normally, as a pitcher, I guess the prime time for a pitcher is between27 to 30. I'm 24 and this is my sixth year.Woman: Well, is there any problem with a feeling of insecurity and...Man: Yeah, there is. Especially, like I said, during my first year. I disciplined myself, and I worked hard—and that's what got me here. And I realize that I have to work hard tostay here. And there is the insecurity.Woman: You're under contract?Man: Right, I'm under contract. But that doesn't necessarily mean anything. They could send me down tomorrow. They could do whatever they wanted with me.Woman: What does it take to play professionally? I'm thinking about the level of skill. Is it something that you just work hard to get, or is there a natural sort of ability?Man: Well, there're people that have the natural ability, you know. I feel like I didn't have much. I just worked hard and that's what got me here.1. Male Baseball player 24 Pitcher five to six2. 1.What is the prime career time for a pitcher? C2. What makes the man successful in baseball, according to the conversation? A3. What can be inferred from the conversation? D4. Which of the following statements is true? D5. What kind of feeling does the man have now and then ? D6. What does the man think of baseball as a career? AListening IVLearning to swim had been surprisingly easy, thanks to the Navy's policy of dealing with fear by ignoring it. My fear of deep water left after my Navy experience. On the first day in the pool, an instructor with a voice like a bullhorn ordered 50 of us to climb a high board and jump in feet first. The board looked about 200 feet high, though it may have been only 20 or 25. A line was formed to mount the ladder and jump. I drifted to the end of the line, and then stepped out when the splashing started and introduced myself to the instructor."I'm a non-swimmer," I said, "shall I go to the shallow end of the pool?" At City College I'd spent four years in the shallow end of the pool."This pool doesn't have a shallow end," the instructor said."Well, what am I going to do?""Get up on that platform and jump," he said.The pool depth was marked as 15 feet at that point."I'm not kidding. I can't swim at all.""Up! Up!" he shouted."But I'll drown.""This pool has got the best lifesaving equipment in the Navy," he said. "Don't worry about it." "Come on."Then he shouted again, "I'm giving you an order, mister. Up!"Quaking in every fiber, I climbed the ladder, edged out onto the board, took one look down and unable to faint, stepped back."Jump!" the instructor roared.I stepped to the edge, closed my eyes, and walked into space. The impact of the water was great; then I was sinking, then My God! I was rising irresistibly to the surface. My head broke water. The water was actually supporting me, just as everybody had always said it would. The instructor glared."You didn't keep your legs straight," he shouted. "Get back up there and do it again."1. 1. What does the speaker say about learning to swim in the Navy? A2. How high was the board/? C3. What did the instructor do when he found out about the speaker’s problem? A4. Why did the speaker eventually jump into the pool? A5. What is the best way to overcome fear, according to the speaker? B6. Which of the following is true about the speakers’ education? D7. Which of the following can be used to describe the instructor? C8. Why did the speaker want to go to the shallow end of the pool? B9. Why did the instructor ask the speaker to do it again? D10. How did the instructor assure the speaker that he wouldn’t drown? B2. 1) drifted 2) stepped 3) introduced 4) Quaking 5) climbed6) walked into 7)sinking 8) rising 9) broke 10) supporting。
WARM-UP NOW WATCH FOLLOW-UP SUM-UPCONTENTSWARM-UP1Complete the table with the missing words.dress skirtsunglasses umbrellapurseLook at the pictures, read the sentences and guess the meaning of the words in bold.This shirt has red buttons.This blouse has white beads. These are brown leather shoes.This is a black silk dress.Watch the whole episode with the sound off and guess who makes each of the following statements. Check the appropriate boxes.Look and predict1. It is wonderful to be on your show.2. I have some wonderful clothes, shoes and accessories.3. And the model is beautiful, too.4. They look beautiful with her long hair.5. Now, look at our next model.6. I mean the clothes.7. Tell us about the clothes.8. We don’t have time for the next model now.Laura LenNOW WATCH2Watch the whole episode and check your answers to the questions in the previous exercise.Task 1Watch from the beginning of the episode to 00:34 and answer the following questions.Task 21.Who is at the studio today? ______________________2. What does Laura Stevens have for the viewers? _________________________ _________________________Laura Stevens and her models.She has some wonderful clothes,shoes and accessories.Watch from 00:34 to 01:08 and fill in the missinginformation about the first model.Task 3Physical appearance Clothes Accessories ______and slim,_________hairtalllonga blue_________dress_____oval _________ and an elegant _________ big sunglassesblack purseWatch from 01:08 to 01:51 and fill in the missinginformation about the second model.Task 4Physical appearance Clothes______ ______ hair and beautiful _________eyesblacklonggreena silk _____ (it has ______ beads), a black skirt, _______ open-toed ______ (they have _____ _____, too）blouseleathershoes beadsblondeblackWatch from 01:51 to the end of the episode and fill in the missing words.Task 5Laura: Now look at our next model ...Len: ______ _________, Laura?Laura: What, Len?Len: We ________ _________ time for the nextmodel now. It’s time for a commercial break.Laura: And then I have some wonderful ________,________, __________...Len: And some more, wonderful_______, too, I hope.Guess what don’t have clothes shoes accessoriesmodels3FOLLOW-UPComplete the dialogues with the missing words or expressions.1. A: ____________a jacket, Tom? B: Yes, I do. Here it is.A: Mm, _______nice. _______leather?B: Yes, it is.2. A: My sister is a model.B: Really? ____________tall and slim?A: Of course she is!B: _____________blonde hair? A: Yes, she does.Do you have it’s Is it Is sheDose she haveComplete the dialogues with the missing words or expressions.3. A: _____________a brother? B: Yes, I do.A: What does he look like?B: ___________tall and _______ long black hair. A: ____________blue eyes?B: No,__________ . He ____________ brown eyes.4. A: Is that James in that red car?B: No. James _____________a red car.A: What color is his car, then?B: ___________orange.Do you have He is Does he have has he doesn’t has doesn’t haveIt’sTalk in pairs. Ask each other about your family members as in the example. Use the words in the box.tall short long slim chubby hair eyes black darkA: What does your father / mother look like?B: He’s / She’s … He / She has … and …A: Do you have a brother / sister?B: Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.A: What does he / she look like?Suggested dialogue:A: What does your mother look like?B: She’s tall and has short black hair.A: Do you have a sister?B: No, I don’t.SUM-UP4accessory n.（衣服的）配饰；附件dress n. 连衣裙；礼服skirt n.裙子appearance n. 外貌，外观 elegant a.优美的，漂亮的slim a.苗条的；纤细的bead n. 珠子jacket n.短上衣；夹克toe n.脚趾blonde a. 金发碧眼的leather a.皮革的，皮革制的viewer n.电视观众，观看者blouse n. 女衬衫oval a.椭圆形的wonderful a.精彩的，极好的，绝妙的button n.纽扣physical a. 身体的chubby a. 胖乎乎，圆胖的 silk n.丝绸at the studio 在演播室have sth. on 穿着…在身上be on your show 参加时装秀leather shoes皮鞋blonde hair金发look like 看起来像commercial break （插播的）商业广告What do you have for our viewers?以 what 引导的特殊疑问句， 动词 have 表示 “拥有， 占有” ， for sb. 表示 “为了某人” 。
Sales English Glossary交易deal, (business) transaction做成交易、达成交易make/ strike a deal；conclude the business发订单place an order(向公司/某人)发大宗订单place large orders with sb./your company代理、代理商agency/agent佣金(take out)commission给…(百分比5%的)佣金Offer/give a 5% commission打八折、20%的折扣Give a 20% discount/at a 20% discount付款payment (for…)付款方式、条件terms of payment货到付款COD: Cash On Delivery随单付款CWO: Cash with Order分期付款in/ by installmentsI've never made payment in RMB before.我从未用过人民币付款。
We can't accept payment on deferred terms.我们不能接受延期付款。
What's your reason for the refusal of payment?你们拒付的理由是什么？We don't think you'll refuse to pay.我们相信你们不会拒付。
Only one refusal of payment is acceptable to the bank. 银行只接受一次拒付。
deferred payment 延期付款payment on terms定期付款payment agreement 支付协定payment by banker 银行支付payment by remittance 汇拨支付payment in part 部分付款payment in full 全部付讫payment by installment 分期付款payment in advance 预付（货款）Cash Against Documents (C.A.D) 凭单付现pay on delivery (P.O.D) 货到付款payment for (in) cash 现金支付，付现the bank interest 银行利息decline 下降，下跌Now we have settled the terms of payment.现在我们已经谈妥了付款条件。
大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit5Unit5PartBHow Our Memory WorksTry to imagine a life without a memory. It would be impossible. You couldn't use a language, because you wouldn't remember the words. You couldn't understand a film, because you need to hold the first part of the story in your mind in order to understand the later parts. You wouldn't be able to recognize anyone - even members of your own family. You would live in a permanent present. You would have no past and you wouldn't be able to imagine a future.Human beings have amazing memories. Apart from all our personal memories about our own lives, we can recall between 20,000 and 100,000 words in our own language as well as possibly thousands more in a foreign language. We have all sorts of information about different subjects such as history, science, and geography, and we have complex skills such as driving a car or playing a musical instrument. All these things and countless others depend on our memory.How well you remember things depends on many different factors. Firstly, some people naturally have better memories than others, in just the same way as some people are taller than others, or have different color eyes. Some top chess players, for example, can remember every move of every game that they have ever seen or played.Secondly, research shows that different things are stored in different parts of the brain. Ideas, words, and numbers are stored in the left-hand side, while the right-hand side remembersimages, sounds, and smells. In most people one side of the brain is more developed than the other, and this may explain why some people can remember people's faces easily, but can't remember their names.Thirdly, we all remember exciting, frightening, or dramatic events more easily. This is because these experiences produce chemicals such as adrenaline, which boost your memory. They say that anyone who is old enough to remember knows exactly where they were on Tuesday, September 11, 2001, when radio and TV programs around the world were interrupted with the shocking news that the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York were hit.Fourthly, the context in which you learn something can affect how well you remember it. Tests on divers, for example, showed that when they learned things underwater, they could also remember those things best when they were underwater.Lastly, the more often you recall a memory the more likely you are to remember it. If you don't use it, you'll lose it. A telephone number that you dial frequently will stay in your memory easily, but you will probably have to write down one that you use only now and again.Questions:1. What does the passage mainly tell us?2. What can be inferred from the passage?3. Which of the following is stated to be true?4. Why can we remember exciting, dramatic, or frightening events better?PartCAdditional ListeningsTechniques to Help Us Remember BetterWe all have problems remembering things, but there are some techniques that you can use to help you remember.First of all, remember the names and jobs of the people and where they come from. Here, the best thing is to imagine images of the people and the names that you want to remember. And you should try to think of funny images as they are easier to remember. For example, we have Tom the student from Australia. Well, for Tom you might imagine a tomato. Then Australia has a shape a bit like a dog. Now let's imagine it's a very clever dog and is studying. So imagine Tom's face as a tomato and he's with a dog and the dog is reading a book. So now we have a picture of Tom the student from Australia.Now let's take the numbers. The best thing to do here is to break a large number up into smaller numbers and then think of things that the numbers remind you of, such as a birthday, a particular year, the number of a house. Or with a number like 747 you might think of a jumbo jet -- a Boeing 747.With the directions, the best thing is to imagine yourself following the directions. Create a picture in your mind of yourself going down the street. Count the turnings 1, 2, ... Then turn left. Now imagine going past a supermarket and a cinema and so on.When you have to remember lists of words, try to build them into a story. So with our words we might start with, 'The sun was shining, so I went for a walk. I saw a horse wearing trousers. It was kicking some bananas over a television. The bananas landed in a bag.' And so on. Again the funnier the story, the better.Try some of these techniques and you'll be amazed at what you can remember.Questions:1. How many techniques are mentioned in the talk?2. Why should we imagine a dog in order to remember that Tom is from Australia?3. What should we do to remember a large number?4. How can we remember the directions to a certain place?5. How can we remember lists of words?PartDImprove Your MemoryTo many people advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory. But is it an inescapable fact that the older you get, the less you remember? Well, as time goes by, we tend to blame age for problems that are not necessarily age-related.When a teenager can't find her keys, she thinks it's because she's distracted or disorganized, but a 70-year-old blames her memory. In fact, the 70-year-old may have been misplacing things for decades -- like we all do from time to time.In healthy people, memory doesn't deteriorate as quickly as many of us think. According to psychologists, as we age, our memory mechanism isn't broken, it's just different. The brain's processing time slows down over the years, though no one knows exactly why. Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and that there's less activity in the part of the brain that decides whether to store information or not. But it's not clear that less activity is worse. A beginning athlete is winded more easily than a trained athlete. In the same way, as the brain gets more skilled at a task, it spends less energy on it.There are steps you can take to improve your memory, though you have to work to keep your brain in shape. It's like having a good body. You can't go to the gym once a year and expect to stay in top form.Some memory enhancement experts suggest using the AM principle. Pay attention to whatyou want to remember. Then give some meaning to it. We remember things when we focus on them, whether we intend to or not. That helps explain why jingles stick in our minds. They are played on loud, flashy TV commercials. They also use rhyme and music to help us remember better.Basic organization helps us remember the boring stuff. For example, rather than trying to recall a random list of groceries, we can divide them into categories, such as dairy, meat, and produce. For important things like keys and money, we can set up a "forget-me-not" spot where we always keep them.We can also eat to aid our memory power. Whole grains, fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of glucose, the brain's preferred fuel. Another low-tech way to improve memory is to get adequate rest. Sleep may allow our brain time to encode memories.Interest in friends, family and hobbies does wonders for our memory. A sense of passion or purpose helps us remember. Memory requires us to pay attention to our lives, allowing us to discover in them everything worth remembering.Statements:1. It is not always true that the older you get, the less you remember.2. It can be inferred from the passage that memory problems are not really age-related.3. As we get older, our memory mechanism is broken, and so cannot be the same as it was before.4. Scientists have discovered that memory loss is caused by lack of activity in the part of the brain that decides whatinformation to store.5. You must work hard to keep your brain active, just as you work hard to keep yourself in shape.6. In the AM principle, the letters A and M most likely refer to attention and memory respectively.7. A right choice of food and plenty of rest help improve our memory.8. Memory requires us to have purpose or passion in what we do.。
最新unit-five英语专业本科生听力教程4-unit5答案A Listening Course 4施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)答案Unit 5Section One: Tactics for Listening Part 1: Listening and Translation1. Stocks, bonds, land--people invest in different things and for different reasons.股票、债券、土地--人们由于不同原因进行不同的投资。
2. But all investors share the same goal. 但是所有的投资者都有一个共同的目标。
3. They want to get more money out of their investment than they put into it.他们希望通过投资获得比所有投入的资金更多的货币回报。
4. The money they invest today provides capital for future growth in the economy.他们今天的投资为将来经济的发展提供了资金。
5. Investors have to decide how much risk they are willing to take and for how long.投资者必须决定自己愿意在多长的时间范围内承受多大的风险。
Section Two Listening Comprehension Part 1 Dialogue The Bank ManagerExercise: Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1. D2. A3. D4. B5. C7. A8. CPart 2 Passage Stock Market: How it Works Ex. A. Pre-listening QuestionWhat do you know about stock market in China?The Shanghai Stock Exchange was founded on November 26th, 1990 and in operation on December 19th the same year, and Shenzhen Stock Exchange was established on December 1st, 1990. Ex. B: Sentence Dictation1. A wave of selling triggered widespread price declines in stock markets from New York to Australia. The Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged 508 points in the panicked rush to sell.2. The stock market is the means through which previously issued corporate stocks, shares of ownership in a corporation, are traded.3. However, the forces influencing the prices of corporate stocks are quite different from those influencing the prices of goods and services.4. People and organizations who buy and hold stock do so for the incomes they hope to earn.5. When Black Monday finally reeled to a close, many a portfolio had lost over a fifth of the value it had the day before. Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. B2. A3. D4. B5. B7. C8. C Ex. D: After-listening Discussion 1. What is “Bl ack Monday”?On October 19, 1987, a wave of selling triggered widespread declines in stock markets from New York to Australia. That day is “Black Monday”. On that day, there were hardly any buy orders, and the markets were flooded with sell orders. Over 600 million shares were traded on the New York Stock Exchange---more than twice the NYSE’s average sales volume. The Dow Jones Industrial Average of the prices of 30 stocks of major US companies lost 22.6 percent of its value on that memorable day, plunging 508 points in the panicked rush to sell. When Black Monday finally reeled to a close, many a portfolio had lost over a fifth of the value it had the day before. 2. Do you like to be a broker? Why? Open.Script of Passage:Stock Market: How It WorksOn Monday, October 19, 1987, a wave of selling triggered widespread price declines in stock markets from New York to Australia. ON that day, now infamous as “Black Monday”, over 600 million shares were traded on the New York Stock Exchange---more than twice the N YSE’s average sales volume. The Dow Jones Industrial Average of theprices of 30 stocks of major US companies lost 22.6 percent of its value on that memorable day, plunging 508 points in the panicked rush to sell.What is the stock market, and how is it affected by the forces of supply and demand? The stock market is the means through which previously issued corporate stocks, shares of ownership in a corporation, are traded. Stock exchanges are organizationswhose members act as intermediaries to buy and sell stocks for their clients. About 80 percent of all stock trading in the United States takes place at the New York Stock Exchange. There are other stock exchanges in the United States as well as in Paris, London, Sydney and Tokyo.How are stock prices determined? The answer, as you might expect, is by supply and demand. However, the forces influencing the prices of corporate stocks are quite different from those influencing the prices of goods and services. People and organizations who buy and hold stock do so for the incomes they hope to earn. The incomes depend on dividends paid to stockholders, changes in the incomes they hope to earn. The incomes depend on dividends paid to stockholders, changes in the price of stock over time, and the expected return compared to the return on alternative investments.On any given day in the stock market, there are orders to buy and orders to sell. The orders to buy constitute the quantity of a stock demanded at the current (or anticipated) price per share, while the majority of products by European toilet and tissue paper manufacturers.3. Where are the fibers used by European toilet and tissue paper companies taken from?The fibers are taken from natural forests in South Africa, Asia, Europe and across the Americas. 4. What have most of the toilet and tissue paper manufacturers failed to do?Most of the companies have failed to take effective measures to prevent illegal or controversial timber from being used in their products.Script of News Item Two:The international conservation group, WWF, has accusedEuropean toilet and tissue paper manufacturers of contributing to global deforestation by not using enough recycled material. A spokesman said more than a quarter of a million trees were in fact being flushed down toilets or discarded as rubbish each day.The report found alarmingly low levels of recycled fibers in the vast majority of products and said the fibers were instead being taken from natural forests in South Africa, Asia, Europe and across the Americas. Using virgin forest to make toilet paper, says the report, is wasteful and unnecessary. The report also warns that illegal and unsustainable logging and conflicts over land rights still exist in many of these areas and that all but one of the companies have so far failed to take effective measures to prevent illegal or controversial timber from being used in their products.News Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is about the warnings from specialists that climate change can drive some species of migrating animals towards extinction.Ex. B Listen to the news and complete the following outline Findings: Climate change can drive some species of migrating animals towards extinction. Reason: Birds, mammals and reptiles are finding it increasingly difficult to follow their usual migrating patterns. Examples:1. The spreading Sahara Desert could make it impossible for swallows to make the epic journey from Southern Africa.2. Rising sea levels will destroy many coastal habitats for turtles and wading birds.3. Warmer oceans could lead to some turtle species becoming entirely female.Script of News Item 3Scientists are warning that climate change could drive some species of migrating animals towards extinction. A report by European ornithologists and zoologists say that birds, mammals and reptiles are finding it increasingly difficult to follow their usual migration patterns.This report by ornithologists and zoologists warns that global warming will cause increasing problems for many migrating species. For example, the spreading Sahara Desert could make it impossible for swallows to make their epic journey from Southern Africa, and rising sea levels will destroy many coastal habitats for turtles and wading birds. The study even suggests that warmer oceans could lead to some turtle species becoming entirely female. The selection of sex is closely linked to sea temperature.上一页下一页。
Advertising Glossary
广告advertisement
广告、广告学advertising
广告商、广告人advertiser
商业广告commercial(s)
分类广告classified ads
整版广告full-page ad
广告宣传活动advertising campaign
进行广告宣传launch an advertising campaign
广告牌billboard
媒体media(复数)；medium(单数，不常用)
多媒体multimedia
插页广告 a tab page ad.
广告费advertising fee/rates; rates for advertising
广告宣传advertising publicity
对比广告comparative ad.
版本edition （修订版本:revised edition）
截止日期deadline
赶上/错过截止日期
meet/miss the deadline
预定的、先前决定的
pre-determined
出版物publication
（广告）针对（瞄准）顾客/某类人群target customers/sb./ be targeted at…出版/印刷
Publishing/printing
(供绘画、印刷等的)底面,基底;基片
Substrate
广告目标advertising objective
广告策划、预算
Advertising planning/budget
Art Director 美术总监、艺术总监
Account Executive 客户总管
Audience 观众、听众
Commercial Message 电视广播广告
CF
Commercial Film 用电影胶片拍摄的电视广告CC
Corporate Communication 企业信息交流CM time 广告时间
Copywriter 撰稿人
Coverage 媒体覆盖率
Golden Hour 黄金时段
G·R·P:Gross Rating Point 总收视率
Media 媒体、媒介
Media Mix 媒体组合
Media Representative 媒体代理
Production （广告）制作公司Presentation 提案（会）
Producer 制作人
Publicity新闻宣传
Recruit 招聘广告
Share of market市场占有率
Share of voice广告占有率
Sales Promotion促销活动
Symbol Mark象征标志
Time Rank 时段档次
Time Sales 卖时段
Tone & Manner 基调与风格。
