标注词性时注意的问题
1. 不认识的单词看词缀
2. 认识的单词要注意词性的单一性和多样性
比如：有的词display, concern, challenge做名词和做动词都很常见.这时两个都要标出来先标你脑子里第一个出现的词性。
3. 动词归类要细分为v，v-ed, v-ing。因为一个空可以填动词，但填原形还是过去式还是-ing 形式要自己根据语法判断。
此外,以-ing, -ed 结尾的词也可能是分词转变而来的形容词，如holding 做动词：
She’s holding her mother’s hand.
做形容词：holding company (控股公司)；再如acquired做动词：academic skills he acquired.做形容词：a newly acquired jacket (新买的夹克)。
常见名词后缀：
-ability usability, capability
-ibility visibility, responsibility, stability
-age package, shortage, marriage
-ance importance, allowance, reliance
-ence presence, absence, confidence
-ant assistant, accountant, inhabitant
-ent president, resident, dependent
-cy bankruptcy, literacy, democracy
-ion construction, rebellion
-ition position, repetition, tuition
-ation consideration, realization, dictation, presentation
-ty loyalty, identity, cruelty
-ment movement, government, argument
-ness carefulness, illness, happiness
-ology physiology, sociology, zoology
-ship friendship, professorship, leadership, hardship
-sion confusion, decision, revision, discussion
-ure exposure, pleasure, failure, pressure, future
1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker, debtor
2)-acy, 表示"性质，状态，境遇" democracy, accuracy, diplomacy
3)-ance, -ence表示"性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度”importance, diligence, difference, obedience
4)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质，状态，行为，过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,
5)-bility, 表示"动作，性质，状态" possibility, flexibility, feasibility,
6)-dom, 表示"等级，领域，状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom
7)-hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood
8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程，结果，状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction
9)-ism, 表示"制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism
10)-ity, 表示"性质，状态，程度”purity, reality, ability, calamity
11)-ment, 表示"行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果treatment, movement, judgment, punishment,
argument
12)-ness, 表示“性质，状态，程度”goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness
13)-ship, 表示“情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”hardship, membership, friendship
14)-th, 表示“动作，性质，过程，状态”depth, wealth, truth, length, growth
15)-tude, 表示"性质，状态，程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)
16)-ure, 表示“行为，结果”exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)，
17)-grapy, 表示"……学，写法”biography, calligraphy, geography
18)-ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics
19)-ology, 表示"……学……论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)
20)-nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)
-sion，-tion，如：starvation，attraction，profession
-ity，如：quality，diversity
常见动词后缀：
1)-ize, ise, 表示“做成，变成，……化modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize
2)-en, 表示”使成为，引起，使有”
quicken, weaken, soften, harden
3)-fy, 表示“使……化, 使成”
beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify
4)-ish, 表示“使，令”
finish, abolish, diminish, establish
5)-ate, 表示“成为……，处理，作用”separate, operate, indicate
-ate，如：estimate，generate
-en，如：widen，worsen
常见形容词后缀：
-able capable, acceptable
-ible visible, sensible, permissible
-al personal, internal, critical, accidental
- ary necessary, primary, secondary
-ory satisfactory, illusory
-ful cheerful, useful, faithful
-ic realistic, specific, poetic, energetic
-ical physical, classical, economical
-ish foolish, childish, selfish
(*accomplish, vanish)
-ous envious, poisonous, courageous
-ious religious, furious, precious
-some lonesome, troublesome, handsome
-y dirty, healthy, rainy, thirsty, sunny
-like manlike, childlike
名词-ly manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly
-ful beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful
-most foremost, topmost
-less 表否定，countless, stainless, wireless
-able，如：stable，affordable
-tive，-sive，如：destructive，excessive ，sensitive
-ous，如：unconscious，enormous
常见副词后缀：
1．副词
-ly slowly, quickly, really
-ward(s) westward, westwards, backwards
-wise clockwise, otherwise,
(形容词)-ly：bad→badly坏地/恶劣地，careful→carefully小心地
-wise(OE)：clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地);like→likewise同样地
-wards：out→outwards向外面地，north→northwards向北方地
-ly，如：deliberately，completely，remarkably，
1)动词的确定：动词最容易确定，因为一个句子没有动词就等于没有谓语，是很明显的缺陷。而且动词的关联性、可比性最差，选这个和选那个有天壤之别。
a）前后都是名词短语，中间一般为动词（时态看前后文）;
b) 一个句子有且只有一个谓语动词;
c）一个完整的句子之后再跟逗号，后面一般是非谓语动词短语。
2)名词的确定：
a.名词主要做主语、宾语;
b. 形容词或名词都可以修饰名词;
c. 限定词（the, this, that, a, my之类）后必有名词;
d. 谓语动词前必有名词或名词性质的主语
e. 介词后面必有名词或相当与名词的词.
f.定语从句前面是名词
3)形容词的确定：
1．名词的前面。
2．副词的后面。
3. 系动词+形容词
4)副词的确定：
1．动词的附近（指前面或后面）。
2．形容词的前面。
3．句子的前面。
4. 句子成分完整
固定搭配：在选词填空中，约定俗成的固定搭配不是很多，
汉语说“学知识”，而英语不说“learn knowledge”, 而是“acquire knowledge”; 还有，要描述rain 很大，我们用heavy修饰；当我们说heavy traffic是表示交通拥堵。
2017英语四级选词填空技巧：确定空白处词性 ? 确定空白处词性 以下情况，空白处为动词： 1 n./pron. vt. n./pron. 前有名后有名，中间谓动 2 n./pron. vi. 前名后无名，谓动不及物 3 n./pron. vi. adv./prep.前名后介副，谓动不及物 4 n./pron. link v./be adj.前名后形容，be动或系动 5 to v. 前有to，后原型 注意：确定空白处为动词，还需根据上下文确定正确形式 以下情况，空白处为分词： 过去分词： 1has/have/had p.p(完成时态) 2be p.p(被动语态) 3p.p n.或 n. p.p(过去分词做形容词，表示被动或已发生) 现在分词： 1be -ing(进行时态) 2-ing n.或n.-ing(现在分词做形容词，表示主动或正在进行) 3prep. –ing(介词宾语) 以下情况，空白处为名词： (名词通常做主语或动词介词宾语) 1a/the n. 前有冠词 2n. V. 空白后为谓语动词 3prep. n. 空白前为介词，则空白处为名词或动名词 (注意：根据空白处前的冠词和上下文判断所填名词的单复数;根据空白处后的谓语动词的形式判断所填名词的单复数) 以下情况，空白处为形容词： 1adj. n. n. adj. 空白前后是名词 2adv. adj. 空白前是副词 3link v./be adj. be动或系动后考虑形容词做表语 以下情况，空白处为副词： 1adv. v.或 v. adv.副词修饰动词，表示程度状态 2adv. adj.副词可修饰形容词 3adv.从句，有些副词做句子的状语，表示转折因果等逻辑关系
2011年6月大学英语四级真题 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday. While elderly people __47__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) __48__ effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research. Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping __49__ straight through the night. More sleep in old age, however, is __50__ with better health, and most older people would feel better and more __51__ if they slept for longer periods, he said. “The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to __52__ well does not change,” Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego. “It's __53__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __54__. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from __55__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's __56__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75.” 答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) 47 N tend 48 L negative 49 H efficiently 50 B associated 51 A alert 52 J function/ 53 F definitely 54 O younger 55 E continuing56 G different 文章大意：本文主要讲述的是关于老年人睡眠的问题：是否老年人与年轻人相比只需要较少的睡眠时间？ 2010年12月英语四级考试真题 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology
选词填空技巧汇总 大学英语四级考试的阅读部分，除了传统的两篇仔细阅读和一篇快速阅读，还有一种让考生普遍头痛的考法：选词填空。 选词填空的考察形式是：一篇280词左右的文章，文章中挖出10个空，并统一给出A-O15个备选答案。 选词填空区别于完形填空，有更大的解题难度，原因在于： 1. 完形填空每题都是四选一，选词填空第一题要十五选一，就算用到排除法，最后一题也要六选一，而且在十五个选项中还有五个根本不会用到，难度加大； 2. 完形填空每题的四个选项都是统一的词性，只需要辨析词义、搭配就基本可以作答，而选词填空的十五个选项有多个词性，解题时需要同时判断词性和词义，难度加大； 3. 完形填空每题的四个选项往往都是统一时态，统一形式，而在选词填空中会涉及选项的动词时态、第三人称单数形式、被动主动语态，名词的单复数等的辨析，难度加大。 因此，针对选词填空的解题方法分为三步： 1. 预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性：名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记； 2. 精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判断每空的词性； 3. 把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。 四级考试的常用后缀在判断选项词性时可以有一定帮助作用： 常见名词后缀： -ability usability, capability -ibility visibility, responsibility, stability -age package, shortage, marriage -ance importance, allowance, reliance -ence presence, absence, confidence -ant assistant, accountant, inhabitant -ent president, resident, dependent
When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __1__ wasteful to tear them all down and __2__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __3__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __4__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __5__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing building," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust. With some __6__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __7__ over time and let in more outside air. Fortunately, there are a __8__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __9__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help __10__ property owners from rising power costs. [A] accommodations [B] clumsy [C] doubtfully [D] exceptions [E] expand [F] historic [G] incredibly [H] powering [I] protect [J] reduced [K] replace [L] sense [M] shifted [N] supplying [O] vast
大学英语四级选词填空练习（二十七） Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly __1__ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was __2__ to a little college French. I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, __3__ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up __4__ and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable __5__ I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you can't learn if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment. There were some bad __6__. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even __7__ bookings, confident that somehow I will manage. The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition __8__. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you. I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a __9__. And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can __10__ wonders. [A] accomplish [B] advanced [C] balloon [D] claim [E] constantly [F] declare [G] interviews [H] limited [I] manufacture [J] moments
大学英语四级选词填空和快速阅读复习攻略 选词填空: 首先:预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性:名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记; 其次:精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判断每空的词性; 第三:把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。 记背选词填空选项的重点范围: 1.历年曾经考过的复合式听写的单词 2.历年曾经考过的完形填空的选项，仔细阅读态度题的选项 3.历年曾经考过的真题中的高频词汇 快速阅读: 建议做题方法:读题干并确定关键词(中心词)--去原文中定位关键词--分析定位句--分析题干--确定答案。 首先用“打包”方法对付乱序: 把整组题全部一次性吃透，然后去原文从头到尾定位。否则，考生如果按顺序逐题解答，时间会严重不足，最好是文章一遍看下来，能找到所有的信息。此外，考生应该注意定位原文的过程中，一定要脑、眼和手并用:眼是肯定要用的，不用脑会导致忽视同义转换，不用手(笔)会使我们处于走马观花的状态，然后会怀疑自己是不是漏掉了信息而不停地看。 其次:“吃透”题干，准确判断关键词(中心词)至关重要。如果没吃透题干，就无法准确判断关键词或中心词，就可能对原文中的重要信息没感觉。一般来说，题干关键词或中心词为实词以及一些数字、专有名词等。 最后，在解题的先后顺序上，采用先易后难的策略。采用由易到难的解题策略，可以提升考生的解题信心。对于那些答题线索较少的题干细节信息，考生可留在最后再解答。在解答这类较难的题目时，考生可快速阅读原文中仍未选过的段落的主题句(通常为第一句、第二句或最后一句)，之后根据段落大意与题干中的细节信息进行匹配。
第四章选词填空 第一节解题技巧 选词填空篇章长度为200—250词，删去若干词汇，然后从所给的选项中选择正确的词汇填空，使短文复原。 （一）解题步骤 时间分配：7分钟= 25 –18 （18 分钟留给Section B的两篇常规阅读，选词填空题要给出7分钟） 第一步：通读全文(1分钟) 通读全文是用较快速度，一行一行地读，目的是把握至少90% 的文章内容。选词填空后面的选项词义互不关联，词性也不同，而且还有5个干扰项，切不可先看选项，乱了脑子。一定要先了解文章大意，带着文章脉络去找选项。所以，务必先沉着地把文章读一遍，尤其注意gap 前后的位置，为寻找正确选项打下铺垫。 提醒：先居高临下，花5秒钟把短文各个自然段的段首扫一遍。 提醒：Banked cloze 的短文（text）第一句是不允许出题的，它对全文起概括、提示的作用。所以，一定要认真看懂第一句。 第二步：整理选项(1分钟) 这一步，公认的做法是先标出15个选项的词性。 标词性时的切入点是后缀，也就是词尾。以ion, age, ness, ty, ship, ace, ance, ancy, ence, ency, dom, itude, um, mony 结尾的大都是名词；以ize, ise, fy结尾的大都是动词；以ive, ent, ant, ful, ous, able, ary, ic, cal, less结尾的是大都是形容词；以ly, s, ways, wise 结尾的大都是副词。 这里有两个问题：一、有的词做名词和做动词都很常见，没有上下文不好判断，这时两个都要标出来，先标你脑子里第一个出现的词性。二、以ing, ed 结尾的词既可能是动词，也可能是分词转变而来的形容词。碰到这种情况，一律看成是动词，包括非谓语动词。 第三步：选词填空(4分钟) 调动语法知识，先确定单词的词性，再去词表中找同一词类的选项，挑出正确答案。 动词的确定：动词最容易确定，因为一个句子没有动词就等于没有谓语，是很明显的缺陷。而且动词的关联性、可比性最差，选这个和选那个有天壤之别。 名词的确定： 1．冠词a, an, the 的后面。 2．介词in, on, from…的后面。 3．形容词(包括指示形容词demonstrative adjectives或称限定词determiners，如this, that, these, those )的后面。 形容词的确定：名词的前面。 副词的确定： 1．动词的附近（指前面或后面）。 真题：…jobs that used to be done primarily by women… 2．形容词的前面。真题：…but they are still not completely sure what leads to it…
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling .No school I have taught in has ever _____ spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or howmuch _____ it must be given over general language development and writing ability. Theproblem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _____ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?If spelling become th e only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a __4__child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid __5__ language. That’s why teachers often __6__ the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experience ：“ This work is __7__ !There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible( 难以辨认的).” It may have been a sharP__8__ of the pupil’stechnical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the ess ay, which __9__ some beautiful expressions of the child’s deePfeelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more __10__ to seek improvement. A)priority B)criticism C)contained D)clearlyE)adventurous F ）discourage G)motivation H)terribleI)ignored J)difficult K)encourage L)expressedM)confidently N)bright O)motive L)expressed Answers: 1. 选I ）。由该句中的has 可知，此处应填动词过去式，且表达的含义应和后面的consider…unimportant 相近，故应排除contained 和expressed而选择ignored 。 2. 选A ）。此处应填名词，但能与后面over 构成固定搭配的名词只有priority ，故排除了criticism 和motivation 。 3. 选M). 由空格前面的and 可知，此处应填副词和freely 并列。从句意来理解，在没有拼写困难的情况下，怎样鼓励学生自由且…… 地表达自己，选项中只有confidently “自信地“符合题意。 4. 选N ）。很明显这里应填形容词，选项中terrible ，difficult 后接事物名词something ，只有adventurous 和bright 可用来形容somebody （child )，再由后面的play safe“不冒险”，可排除adventurous而选择bright。 5. 选E ）。由前一句中的be likely to “ play safe ”和空格前的avoid可以推知，此处所填词的意思应与play safe表达的意思相反，故选项中只有adventurous符合题意。 6. 选K ）。很明显此处应填动词的一般现在时，可选项有encourage和persuade 。由That’s why 知本句与前一句构成因果关系，而前一句说的是学生往往会用他们拼写范围内的词写文章，从而选择避免用那些不会的词，故由此可推知此句应理解为老师鼓励学生用字典，因此排除persuade 而选encourage。 7. 选H ）。此处应填形容词。由空格后面的too many spelling errors和illegible可知，这篇文章是写的很糟，而不是很难理解。故排除difficult而选terrible。 8. 选B ）。此处应填名词。由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher可知，前半句是在指责学生，故选项中只有criticism符合题意。 9. 选C ）。此处填动词过去式，本句中由which 引导的从句是对essay的解释，剩余选项中contained 和expressed ，根据句意，文章…… 儿童内心感受的一些好的表达，
大学英语四级选词填空技巧篇 第一步：通读全文read through (1分钟) 通读全文是用较快速度，一行一行地读，目的是把握至少90% 的文章内容。 要先了解文章大意，带着文章脉络去找选项。所以，务必先沉着地把文章读一遍，尤其注意gap 前后的位置，为寻找正确选项打下铺垫。 提醒：就算是通读，也别拿来就把头埋进去傻读。先居高临下，花5秒钟把短文各个自然段的段首扫一遍。第一句是不允许出题的，它对全文起概括、提示的作用。所以，一定要认真看懂第一句。 第二步：整理选项classify the options (1分钟) 这一步，公认的做法是先标出15个选项的词性(parts of speech)，名词前写n, 动词前写v等等。目前四级考试只考实词（notional words）中的四种：名词n 做主语和宾语, 动词v做谓语，形容词adj做定语，副词adv做状语。不考代词pron和数词num；也不考虚词form words（冠词art, 介词prep, 连词conj, 感叹词interj）动词归类要细分为v，ved, ving。因为一个空可以填动词，但填原形还是过去式还是ing形式要自己根据语法判断。 对于四级的一般文章，选项有如下特点：15个单词中3个名词正确答案+1个名词干扰答案、3个动词正确答案+1个动词干扰答案、3个形容词正确答案+2个形容词干扰答案、1个副词正确答案+1个副词干扰答案。应该说四级大部分文章都存在以上特点，但是有时也不完全一致，希望考生利用以上特点作为答题的一个参考。 四种实词中，考的最少的是副词adv, 不超过两个空。剩下的三种平均每次有三道题。研究样题和真题，我们发现，动词一直是考三个。另外三种词性，有两个的，也有四个的。
2010年12月英语四级考试真题 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior. Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 ［A］abilities ［I］extent ［B］achieve ［J］indicates ［C］appeal ［K］proceeds ［D］complaints ［L］psychological ［E］contributions ［M］raised ［F］displayed ［N］smart ［G］essentially ［O］standard ［H］eventually 答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) 47. M) raised 48. L) psychological 49. E) contributions 50. A) abilities 51. B) achieve 52. N) smart 53. I) extent 54. J) indicates 55. G) essentially 56. H) eventually 2010年6月英语四级考试真题 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __51__
2019英语四级选词填空练习题3 题目 It seems you always forget-your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping... Such absent-mindedness may be 1__________ to you; now British German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 2__________ sees. The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. the glasses also 3__________ the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4__________ by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5__________ label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in. It could be used in 6__________ plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7__________ device. A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 8__________ could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified repaired. For the motorist the system could 9__________ accident black spots or dangers on the road." In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10__________ points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites
四级选词填空技巧 确定空白处词性 以下情况，空白处为动词： 1 n./pron. vt. n./pron. 前有名后有名，中间谓动 2 n./pron. vi. 前名后无名，谓动不及物 3 n./pron. vi. adv./prep.前名后介副，谓动不及物 4 n./pron. link v./be adj.前名后形容，be动或系动 5 to v. 前有to，后原型 注意：确定空白处为动词，还需根据上下文确定正确形式以下情况，空白处为分词： 过去分词： 1has/have/had p.p(完成时态) 2be p.p(被动语态) 3p.p n.或n. p.p(过去分词做形容词，表示被动或已发生) 现在分词：
1be -ing(进行时态) 2-ing n.或n.-ing(现在分词做形容词，表示主动或正在进行) 3prep. –ing(介词宾语) 以下情况，空白处为名词： (名词通常做主语或动词介词宾语) 1a/the n. 前有冠词 2n. V. 空白后为谓语动词 3prep. n. 空白前为介词，则空白处为名词或动名词 (注意：根据空白处前的冠词和上下文判断所填名词的单复数;根据空白处后的谓语动词的形式判断所填名词的单复数) 以下情况，空白处为形容词： 1adj. n. n. adj. 空白前后是名词 2adv. adj. 空白前是副词 3link v./be adj. be动或系动后考虑形容词做表语 以下情况，空白处为副词：
1adv. v.或v. adv.副词修饰动词，表示程度状态 2adv. adj.副词可修饰形容词 3adv.从句，有些副词做句子的状语，表示转折因果等逻辑关系 确定考点需要积极意义还是消极意义，继而缩小选择范围，节省大量时间。 Sample: The classroom (offers) opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with _______ , peaceful ones. (根据语法判断此处为形容词，与peaceful有一样具有积极意义，与前文的angry, violent词义色彩相反，那么comprehensive, cooperative, entire 应选择cooperative) 介词后一定是名词或动名词做宾语. 注意to (介词&动词不定式) to的短语接动名词:abandon oneself to(沉溺于), adhere to(坚持), stick to(坚持，信守), cling to(坚持，忠于), admit to(承认),
英语四级选词填空题技巧汇总 选词填空的考察形式是：一篇280词左右的文章，文章中挖出10个空，并统一给出A-O15个备选答案。 选词填空区别于完形填空，有更大的解题难度，原因在于： 1. 完形填空每题都是四选一，选词填空第一题要十五选一，就算用到排除法，最后一题也要六选一，而且在十五个选项中还有五个根本不会用到，难度加大; 2. 完形填空每题的四个选项都是统一的词性，只需要辨析词义、搭配就基本可以作答，而选词填空的十五个选项有多个词性，解题时需要同时判断词性和词义，难度加大; 3. 完形填空每题的四个选项往往都是统一时态，统一形式，而在选词填空中会涉及选项的动词时态、第三人称单数形式、被动主动语态，名词的单复数等的辨析，难度加大。 因此，针对选词填空的解题方法分为三步： 1. 预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性：名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记; 2. 精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判断每空的词性; 3. 把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。 四级考试的常用后缀在判断选项词性时可以有一定帮助作用：
常见名词后缀： -sion，-tion，如：starvation，attraction，profession -ity，如：quality，diversity 常见动词后缀： -ate，如：estimate，generate -en，如：widen，worsen 常见形容词后缀： -able，如：stable，affordable -tive，-sive，如：destructive，excessive ，sensitive -ous，如：unconscious，enormous 常见副词后缀： -ly，如：deliberately，completely，remarkably， 在根据前后文判断每空的词性时，一些经常考察的形式如下： 名词： 通常来说，冠词(如a，an，the)、形容词、介词后面搭配名词，即a/an/the/adj./prep. + n。，举例说明： Education soon became a _____. 冠词a后面加可数名词的单数形式，正确答案是nightmare，这句话的意思是教育很快成了一种噩梦。 As the trade winds lessen in _____, the ocean temperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as